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1.
Rev Enferm ; 33(1): 48-53, 2010 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20201200

ABSTRACT

When dealing with preventive measures, it is necessary to evaluate their effectiveness and to analyze the costs involved in implementing those measures. Therefore, the authors carried out a before-after intervention study on the use of a safe intravenous peripheral catheter in emergency ward services; this study included the participation by workers in selecting material by means of a Likert questionnaire. The effectiveness of a safe intravenous peripheral catheter was calculated comparing skin accidents caused by this device 40 months before and after its implantation. An economic analysis was calculated by means of a cost-effectiveness index fined as a "Euros spent for accident prevented" index. Workers who participated chose a passive safe intravenous peripheral catheter (p < 0.05). During the pre-intervention period, 17 intravenous peripheral catheter expositions were declared, during the post-intervention period, none were declared. The total net cost per intervention came to 36.606 Euro. The cost effectiveness index was 2.579,3 Euro for accident prevented.


Subject(s)
Catheterization, Peripheral/economics , Catheterization, Peripheral/instrumentation , Occupational Exposure/economics , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Equipment Design , Equipment Safety/economics , Equipment Safety/instrumentation , Humans
2.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 25(4): 247-9, 2007 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17386219

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the trends in yearly vaccination coverage in healthcare workers. METHOD: Cross-sectional epidemiological study over fifteen seasons (1990-2005). Overall vaccination coverage and coverage by professional category was estimated annually. The chi-square test and Mantel-Haenszel test for linear trend were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The greatest vaccination coverage was in the 2003-04 season (15.9%; 95% CI: 14.8-17) and the 2005-06 season (16.3%; 95% CI: 15.3-17.4). The medical staff and residents showed the highest coverage (30.1%). A positive trend was observed along the period. CONCLUSIONS: An increasing trend in influenza vaccination coverage has been observed in healthcare workers.


Subject(s)
Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Influenza Vaccines , Vaccination/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Allied Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Promotion/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Administrators/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Departments/statistics & numerical data , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Internship and Residency/statistics & numerical data , Male , Medical Staff, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Nurses/statistics & numerical data , Spain , Vaccination/trends
3.
Farm. hosp ; 30(3): 177-186, mayo-jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048209

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Revisar la etiología, diagnóstico prevención y tratamientode la alergia al latex en el medio hospitalario, así comoestablecer una lista de medicamentos potencialmente peligrosos.Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica. Se elaboróuna guía de fármacos que contienen látex en cualquiera de suscomponentes, mediante contacto con los fabricantes.Resultados: El factor más importante para la sensibilizaciónal látex es el grado de exposición. Para el diagnóstico es fundamentalla historia clínica y las pruebas cutáneas. Para la prevenciónsecundaria la identificación de los distintos grupos de riesgo.Actualmente, se considera la inmunoterapia como una opciónválida para el tratamiento de esta patología.Conclusiones: La elaboración de una guía con medicamentosconteniendo látex es esencial para la prevención primaria dereacciones alérgicas a este producto en el hospital


Objective: To review the etiology, diagnosis, prevention andtreatment of latex allergy in the hospital setting, and to establish alist of potentially hazardous drugs.Method: A literature search was performed. A guide aboutlatex-containing drugs (any component) was developed by contactingmanufacturers.Results: The most relevant factor for latex sensitivization isexposure extent. Regarding diagnosis the medical history and skintesting are crucial; regarding secondary prevention, identifying thevarious at-risk groups. Immunotherapy is currently considered avalid option for the management of this condition.Conclusions: The development of a guide listing latex-containingdrugs is essential for the primary prevention of allergic reactionsto this substance in hospital


Subject(s)
Humans , Latex Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Drug Compounding , Allergens/analysis , Desensitization, Immunologic
4.
Rev Enferm ; 29(2): 14-8, 2006 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16555452

ABSTRACT

Daily, health professionals face biological risks, which have important repercussions for their own health, while performing their professional duties. A system which records data that quantifies and specifies the causes of work place accidents, the instruments most frequently involved in accidents, the professional categories having the greatest exposure, the tasks most at risk and the types of lesions is fundamental in order to grasp the true dimensions of these problems related to accidents and serum-borne disease transmission. Such a data base-could lead to the necessity, and highlight the importance, to increase preventive and protective measures for health personnel. To meet this objective, the EPINETAC project has been developed thanks to the information provided by 106 centers having various degrees of participation during the different years this study has taken.


Subject(s)
Nursing/statistics & numerical data , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Health , Registries , Humans , Spain/epidemiology
5.
Alergol. inmunol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 18(4): 187-194, 2003. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-31700

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: El espectro clínico de la alergia a alimentos de origen vegetal engloba entidades que van desde el síndrome de alergia oral hasta la anafilaxia.Objetivo: Estudiar las características clínicas de una población de pacientes adultos con reacciones inducidas por alimentos de origen vegetal. Metodología: Se incluyeron 195 pacientes que cumplían los siguientes criterios: 1) Anamnesis sugestiva (urticaria/angioedema, síndrome alergia oral (SAO) o anafilaxia) inducida tras el consumo de alimentos vegetales y 2) pruebas cutáneas positivas a la fruta implicada en la anamnesis. Las variables principales analizadas fueron: la especie de vegetal, el tipo de reacción y la existencia de otras enfermedades atópicas, como la polinosis y la alergia al látex. Ese utilizó la prueba de X2 para detectar las diferencias significativas entre los subgrupos de pacientes.Resultados: Se incluyó en el estudio a 73 varones (37,4 por ciento) y 122 mujeres (62,6 por ciento) con edades comprendidas entre 14 y 67 años. Se estudiaron 527 episodios de reacciones a frutas pertenecientes a 25 especies diferentes. La familia Rosaceae ha sido la más implicada, especialmente el melocotón (51,2 por ciento), seguida de Cucurbitaceae (melón 29,2 por ciento) y Actinidiaceae (kiwi 28,2 por ciento). La reacción urticarial (41,5 por ciento), el síndrome de alergia oral (35,4 por ciento) y la anafilaxia (23,1 por ciento) fueron las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes. La anafilaxia se asoció significativamente (39 por ciento frente a 18,8 por ciento; X2 p<0,01) a pacientes no polínicos. El SAO se asoció significativamente (59,4 por ciento frente a 14,6 por ciento; X2 p<0,01) a la existencia de polinosis. Treinta y nueve pacientes (20 por ciento) presentaron alergia al látex. En este subgrupo se demostró una asociación significativa a la castaña (56 por ciento frente a 18,5 por ciento;X2 p<0,001), el plátano (46 por ciento frente a 21,1 por ciento; X2 p<0,001) y al aguacate (12,8 por ciento frente a 3,2 por ciento, X2 p <0,05). Por último, nueve alimentos (melón, pistacho, higo, semilla de girasol, melocotón, avellana y almendra) mostraron una asociación significativa a, al menos, una polinosis específica.Conclusión: La alergia a alimentos de origen vegetal en una población adulta tiene manifestaciones clínicas heterogéneas y las diferentes formas clínicas muestran asociaciones variables y muy definidas con diferentes polinosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Food Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Plants/adverse effects , Allergens , Fruit/adverse effects , Anaphylaxis/etiology , Angioedema/etiology , Skin Tests
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