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1.
Trastor. adict. (Ed. impr.) ; 12(3): 102-108, jul.-sept. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-83822

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Conocer la prevalencia del consumo de tabaco, el grado de dependencia y la motivación para dejar de fumar, así como los intentos previos de abandono y la aceptación de intervenciones futuras para el cese del consumo de tabaco en pacientes en tratamiento de mantenimiento con metadona (TMM). Métodos. Estudio descriptivo mediante un cuestionario administrado a 78 pacientes y cumplimentado por el médico en el momento de la consulta. Se analizan variables cualitativas y cuantitativas sobre características personales, variables relacionadas con el tabaco y variables relacionadas con el TMM. Resultados. La prevalencia de fumadores en el momento del estudio fue de 84,6 % (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95 %: 77-93 %), inferior a la observada al inicio del TMM que era de 96,2 % (χ 2 = 12,18; gl 4; p = 0,16). Más de la mitad de los fumadores (52 %) había realizado antes algún intento para dejar de fumar, con una media de 2 intentos (desviación estándar [DE] 1,8). En su mayoría (82,9 %) no habían utilizado ningún tratamiento. El 50 % estaba motivado para dejar de fumar y el 59 % mostró interés en recibir ayuda. Conclusiones. En los pacientes en TMM, al igual que en la población general, debería evaluarse el consumo de tabaco, aconsejar el abandono y ofrecer tratamiento adecuado y específico para dejar de fumar, con el fin de disminuir la alta morbilidad y mortalidad en estos pacientes debida al tabaco (AU)


Objectives. To determine the prevalence of tobacco use, the degree of dependence and motivation to quit smoking, and previous attempts to stop smoking and acceptance of future interventions for smoking cessation in patients on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). Methods. Descriptive study using a questionnaire administered to 78 patients and completed by the physician at the time of consultation. We analysed both qualitative and quantitative variables on personal characteristics, some variables related to smoking and others related to MMT. Results. The prevalence of smokers at the time of the study was 84.6 % (confidence interval [IC] 95 %: 77-93 %), lower than observed at the start of MMT which was 96.2 % (χ 2 = 12,18; df 4, p = 0.16). More than half of smokers (52 %) had made some attempt to quit with an average of 2 attempts (standardd deviation [SD] 1.8). Most of them (82.9 %) did not use any treatment at all. Fifty percent were motivated to quit smoking and 59 % would be interested in receiving some help. Conclusions. Assesment of tobacco use, advice in smoking cessation and offering suitable and specific treatment to stop smoking in order to reduce both morbidity an mortality linked to tobacco use, should be made not only in general population, but in MMT patients, too (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Methadone/therapeutic use , Smoking/therapy , Tobacco Use Disorder/drug therapy , Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology , Tobacco Use Cessation/psychology , Smoking/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Confidence Intervals , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Tobacco Use Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Multivariate Analysis
2.
Prev. tab ; 10(2): 56-62, abr.-jun. 2008.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-78960

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Valorar la utilidad de los cuestionarios en la evaluación del perfil del paciente fumador. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio analítico en fumadores que solicitan tratamiento en una unidad de tabaquismo a lo largo del período 2004/2006. Variables de estudio: sexo, edad, consumo de cigarrillos diarios, consumo de psicofármacos, antecedentes de ansiedad/depresión, intentos previos de cesación, cumplimentación, dependencia física (test de Fagerström), dependencia psicológica (test de Glover-Nilsson), grado de motivación (test de Richmond) y ansiedad rasgo (cuestionario STAI-R). Se consideró éxito a la abstinencia, según el criterio de intención de tratar, continuada y validada con cooximetría (monóxido de carbono espirado ≤ 10 ppm). Los resultados se expresan como proporciones y frecuencias absolutas para las variables cualitativas, y como medias ± desviación estándar para las variables cuantitativas. Resultados: Se han analizado 683 fumadores que solicitaron tratamiento en la Unidad de Tabaquismo, 601 iniciaron terapia grupal y 82 únicamente realizaron la historia clínica; los fumadores que no iniciaron tratamiento estaban menos motivados con respecto a los que sí lo hicieron. Las puntuaciones de los test fueron: test de Fagerström: 6,13± 2,27; test de Richmond: 7,71 ± 1,58, y test de Glover-Nilsson 21,62 ±6,50. Los pacientes con intentos previos estaban más motivados y tenían menos dependencia física. Del mismo modo una puntuación menor en el test de Fagerström se relacionó con buena cumplimentación y con estar abstinente al mes y 3 meses (p ≤ 0,05). Conclusiones: Se confirma la utilidad del test de Fagerström, tanto en el diagnóstico como en su valor pronóstico (AU)


Objective: Evaluate the utility of the questionnaires in the evaluation of the profile of the patient who smokesPatients and methods: Analytic study in smokers who request treatment in a smoking cessation unit during the period of 2004/2006. Study variables: gender, age, daily cigarette consumption, psychodrug consumption, background of anxiety/depression, previous attempts to quite, compliance, physical dependence (Fagerström test), psychological dependence (Glover-Nilsson test), motivation grade (Richmond test) and anxiety trait (STAI-R questionnaire). Abstinence is considered to be successful when, according to the intention to treat criterion, it is continued and validated with cooximetry (expired carbon monoxide 10 ppm). The results are expressed as proportions and absolute frequencies or qualitative variables and as means ± standard deviation for quantitative variables. Results: A total of 683 smokers who requested treatment in the Smoking Cessation Unit were analyzed. Of these, 601 initiated group therapy and only a clinical history was obtained in 82. The smokers who did not initiate treatment were less motivated regarding those who did. The test scores were: Fagerström test: 6.13 ± 2.27; Richmond test: 7.71± 1.58, and Glover-Nilsson test 21.62 ± 6.50. The patients with previous attempts were more motivated and had less physical dependence. In the same way, a lower score on the Fagerström test was related with good compliance and with being abstinent at one month and 3 months (p 0.05). Conclusions: The utility of the Fagerström test, both in the diagnosis and in prognostic value, is confirmed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/prevention & control , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology , Psychopharmacology/trends , Longitudinal Studies
5.
Aten Primaria ; 35(2): 77-81, 2005 Feb 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15727749

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To analyse in patients with persistent bronchial asthma the prevalence of tobacco dependency and its degree; and to assess measures of prevention. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. SETTING: Allergy Service of the Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 121 patients, from systematic selection of asthmatics attending for consultation. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Questionnaire filled out in the consulting room, recording social, demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: A sample of 121 patients was obtained, 62.7% women and 37.3% men. They had 5.87 +/- 4.99 years mean evolution of asthma. 21.5% were daily smokers, 4.1% occasional smokers, 27.3% ex-smokers, and 47.1% non-smokers. The ages of starting to smoke were < 10 years old, 1.7%; 10-15, 30%; 15-20, 56.7%; 20-25, 6.7%, and > 25, 5% (P > .05). There were significant differences between gender and tobacco dependency and between age and tobacco dependency (P < .01 and P < .014, respectively). 96.8% of smokers thought that tobacco was harmful to their health. This figure was 100% in daily smokers and 80% in occasional smokers (P < .02). 83.9% of smokers had the intention of giving up. Counselling to give up was received from the specialist (41.9%), the primary care doctor (12.9%), and both (9.7% of cases). 35.5% received no counselling. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of tobacco dependency in patients with persistent asthma is lower than in the population as a whole; over a third receive no counselling about giving up. Interventions must be conducted in still healthy smokers and chronically ill patients in both primary and specialist care.


Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology , Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Age of Onset , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 35(2): 77-81, feb. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-038048

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar en pacientes con asma bronquial persistente la prevalencia de tabaquismo, el grado de éste y valorar las medidas de prevención. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Emplazamiento. Servicio de Alergología del Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa de Zaragoza. Participantes. Un total de 121 pacientes, resultado de la selección sistemática de los sujetos asmáticos que acudían a consulta. Mediciones principales. Cuestionario cumplimentado en la consulta, en el que se registraba las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas. Resultados. Se obtuvo una muestra de 121 pacientes, 62,7% mujeres y 37,3% varones, con 5,87 ± 4,99 años de evolución media del asma. El 21,5% fumaba diariamente, el 4,1% era fumador ocasional, el 27,3 era ex fumador y el 47,1% no fumaba. La edad de comienzo del tabaquismo era: 25 años, 5% (p > 0,05). Hay diferencias significativas entre sexo y tabaquismo y entre edad y tabaquismo (p < 0,01 y p < 0,014, respectivamente). El 96,8% de los fumadores cree que el tabaco es perjudicial para su salud, el 100% de los que fuman diariamente y el 80% de los que lo hacen ocasionalmente (p < 0,02). El 83,9% de los que fuma tiene intención de abandonar el tabaco. El 41,9% ha recibido consejo para dejar de fumar del especialista, el 12,9% del médico de atención primaria, el 9,7% de ambos y el 35,5% no ha recibido ningún consejo. Conclusiones. La prevalencia del tabaquismo en pacientes con asma persistente es inferior a la de la población general; más de la tercera parte no recibe consejo para abandonar el tabaco. Es necesario realizar intervenciones en fumadores sanos y en pacientes con enfermedad crónica, tanto en atención primaria como en la consulta especializada


Objectives. To analyse in patients with persistent bronchial asthma the prevalence of tobacco dependency and its degree; and to assess measures of prevention. Design. Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Setting. Allergy Service of the Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain. Participants. A total of 121 patients, from systematic selection of asthmatics attending for consultation. Main measurements. Questionnaire filled out in the consulting room, recording social, demographic and clinical variables. Results. A sample of 121 patients was obtained, 62.7% women and 37.3% men. They had 5.87±4.99 years mean evolution of asthma. 21.5% were daily smokers, 4.1% occasional smokers, 27.3% ex-smokers, and 47.1% non-smokers. The ages of starting to smoke were 25, 5% (P>.05). There were significant differences between gender and tobacco dependency and between age and tobacco dependency (P<.01 and P<.014, respectively). 96.8% of smokers thought that tobacco was harmful to their health. This figure was 100% in daily smokers and 80% in occasional smokers (P<.02). 83.9% of smokers had the intention of giving up. Counselling to give up was received from the specialist (41.9%), the primary care doctor (12.9%), and both (9.7% of cases). 35.5% received no counselling. Conclusions. The prevalence of tobacco dependency in patients with persistent asthma is lower than in the population as a whole; over a third receive no counselling about giving up. Interventions must be conducted in still healthy smokers and chronically ill patients in both primary and specialist care


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Asthma/prevention & control , Tobacco Use Disorder/adverse effects
7.
An Esp Pediatr ; 57(1): 5-11, 2002 Jul.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12139886

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine bronchodilation in healthy children aged 7-14 years in order to establish the value defining a positive bronchodilation test. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study in healthy, nonsmoking schoolchildren aged 7-14 years in the city of Huesca (Spain). The sample (n 145) was representative of the pediatric population aged 7-14 years (N 4,272). Health was determined through a validated questionnaire. Expired carbon monoxide was measured with a Micro III Smokerlyzer EC50(R). Forced basal and post-bronchodilation spirometry (0.2 mg of inhaled salbutamol with a Babyhaler(R) chamber) was performed with a Vitalograph spirometer mod. 2120(R). Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 24-25 % of forced vital capacity (FEF25-75 %) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured. To establish whether increments in the variables followed normal distribution, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (Lilliefors modification) and histograms were used. The relationship between increases in FEV1 and the variables in the questionnaire was analyzed using Student's t-test (qualitative variables) and Pearson's correlation (quantitative variables). To evaluate the reliability of the test, Spearman's non-parametric correlation coefficient and dispersion graphs were used. RESULTS: The percentage increase in FEV1 compared with the theoretical value was: mean (SD), 3.97 (2.65); 95 % percentile, 8.87 %; and 97.5 percentile, 10.25 %. The percentage increase in FEV1 compared with the previous value was: mean: 3.99 (2.63), 95-percentile: 8.43 %; and 97.5 percentile: 10.14 %. CONCLUSIONS: In children aged 7-14 years, increases of greater than 9 % above the theoretical or previous FEV1 value define the bronchodilation test as positive.


Subject(s)
Albuterol , Bronchodilator Agents , Adolescent , Albuterol/administration & dosage , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Carbon Dioxide/analysis , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Forced Expiratory Flow Rates , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Spirometry/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires
8.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 57(1): 5-11, jul. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12986

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la broncodilatación que se produce en la población normal de 7 a 14 años de edad, para establecer el valor que define una prueba de broncodilatación como positiva. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio transversal en niños sanos, no fumadores, realizado en ámbito escolar en la ciudad de Huesca en una muestra representativa (n 145) de la población infantil de 7 a 14 años (N 4.272). Se identificó salud mediante encuesta validada. Se monitorizó el monóxido de carbono (CO) espirado con un Micro III Smokerlyzer EC50. La espirometría forzada basal y posbroncodilatación (salbutamol inhalado, 0,2 mg con cámara Babyhaler) se realizaron con un espirómetro Vitalograph mod. 2120. Se midieron las variables capacidad vital forzada (FVC), volumen espiratorio máximo en el primer segundo (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, flujo espiratorio máximo entre el 25-75% de la FVC (FEF25-75) y pico espiratorio máximo (PEF). Para establecer si los incrementos de los parámetros seguían o no una distribución normal, se utilizó el contraste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov (modificación Lilliefors) y los histogramas. La relación entre el incremento de FEV1 y las variables del cuestionario se establecieron con el test de la t de Student (variables cualitativas) y la prueba de correlación de Pearson (variables cuantitativas). Para evaluar la fiabilidad del test se empleó el coeficiente de correlación no paramétrico de Spearman y los gráficos de dispersión. Resultados: Incremento porcentual de FEV1 respecto al valor teórico: media (desviación estándar [DE]), 3,97 (2,65); percentil (P) P95, 8,87% y P97,5, 10,25%. Incremento porcentual de FEV1 respecto al valor previo: media, 3,99 (2,63): P95, 8,43%, y P97,5, 10,14%. Conclusiones: En niños de 7 a 14 años de edad, los incrementos porcentuales sobre el valor teórico o sobre el previo del FEV1 superiores al 9 por ciento definen la prueba de broncodilatación como positiva (AU)


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Male , Infant , Female , Humans , Spain , Spirometry , Reproducibility of Results , Prevalence , Meningitis, Pneumococcal , Retrospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reference Values , Prospective Studies , Bronchodilator Agents , Carbon Dioxide , Cross-Sectional Studies , Albuterol , Forced Expiratory Flow Rates
9.
Eur J Nucl Med ; 6(6): 277-80, 1981.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6940754

ABSTRACT

Renal uptake of 67Ga-citrate is described in a patient with biopsy-proven amyloidosis of the kidneys, due to Familiar Mediterranean Fever. After administration 150 MBq (4 mCi) 67Ga-citrate, scans were done at 48, 72, and 120 h. Intense uptake was noted in both kidneys. A renal biopsy done 5 days after the 67Ga-citrate scan revealed a pattern typical of amyloidosis. Gallium scanning can be useful in patients with fever of unknown origin. Renal amyloidosis can be considered when renal uptake of 67Ga-citrate associated with nephrotic syndrome is observed.


Subject(s)
Amyloidosis/diagnostic imaging , Familial Mediterranean Fever/diagnostic imaging , Gallium Radioisotopes , Kidney Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Amyloidosis/etiology , Familial Mediterranean Fever/complications , Humans , Kidney Diseases/etiology , Male , Radionuclide Imaging
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