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1.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 75(11/12): e185-e194, nov.-dic. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-170220

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil se debe anticipar al rebote adiposo y comenzar lo antes posible. Objetivos: Evaluar la eficacia de un programa de prevención precoz del sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil, aplicado a una edad temprana. Material y métodos: Estudio piloto, de 3 años de duración (2011-2014), en una cohorte única con abordaje familiar mediante un diseño cuasi experimental (pre-post). Resultados: Muestra de 52 niños, de ambos sexos, con edades comprendidas entre los 2 y los 5 años, escolarizados en Guadalajara. Desciende el porcentaje de niños con exceso de peso: al final del estudio (19,2%) y revaloración (13,5%) con respecto al inicio (21,1%). Aumentan los desayunos equilibrados a diario y los tentempiés a media mañana y merienda. Asciende el consumo de fruta de postre a media mañana y merienda, así como la ensalada de guarnición. Disminuye el consumo de dulces, batidos, zumos artificiales y picoteo entre horas. Se incrementan los desayunos y las cenas en familia los días festivos. Aumenta el ejercicio físico extraescolar sin cambios en el sedentarismo. Se incrementa el deporte en familia tras la intervención. Conclusiones: Se constata una mejora en los hábitos de vida, que se mantiene en el tiempo. Debido a los buenos resultados conseguidos, y teniendo en cuenta los pocos estudios que existen en niños tan pequeños, nuestro estudio piloto podría sentar las bases de otros ensayos con mayor tamaño muestral, que tuviesen como objetivo la prevención precoz de esta enfermedad (AU)


Introduction: The prevention of overweight and childhood obesity should be anticipated to adipose rebound and it should start as soon as possible. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program on early prevention of childhood overweight and obesity, applied at an early age. Materials and methods: A pilot study, three year-long (2011-2014), in single cohort with family approach through a quasiexperimental design (pre-post). Results: Sample of 52 children 2-5 years-old, of both genders, attending a school of Guadalajara. It was observed a fall in the percentage of overweight children at the end of the study (19.2%) and at re-evaluation (13.5%) from the baseline (21.1%). They increase balanced breakfasts daily and mid-morning snacks and afternoon snacks. It is risen the consumption of fruit for dessert, mid-morning snack and afternoon snack; as well as the salad as garnish. It is reduced, the consumption of sweets, shakes and artificial juices, as well as snacking between hours. Breakfasts and dinners are increased in families on holidays. It is increased the out-of-school physical exercise without changes in physical inactivity. Family sport increases after the intervention. Conclusions: After our intervention, it was observed an improvement in healthy lifestyles, which was maintained with time. Due to the good results achieved and taking into account the few existing studies involving children so small, this study could open the way for other studies with larger sample amounts, which aimed for the earlier prevention of this disease (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control , Overweight/prevention & control , Healthy Lifestyle , Diet, Healthy , Exercise Therapy , Controlled Before-After Studies/statistics & numerical data , Feeding Behavior , Sleep Hygiene , Habits
2.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 75(5/6): e68-e74, mayo-jun. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-163979

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los nacimientos pretérmino se han incrementado en las últimas décadas, debido principalmente a los «prematuros tardíos», nacidos entre las semanas 34 + 0 y 36 + 6 de edad gestacional. Estos recién nacidos son fisiológica y metabólicamente inmaduros y presentan un mayor riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad, sobre todo en el periodo neonatal. Se han realizado pocos estudios sobre la morbilidad tardía en las consultas de urgencias hospitalarias. Objetivos: Evaluar la morbilidad tardía en los prematuros tardíos y compararla con la de los recién nacidos a término en el Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de dos grupos de niños: prematuros tardíos nacidos entre enero de 2008 y marzo de 2010 y recién nacidos a término en dicho periodo. La morbilidad fue registrada durante los 2 primeros años de vida. Resultados: En el periodo de estudio nacieron 306 prematuros tardíos en el Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, 283 de los cuales se incluyeron en nuestro estudio. Observamos en ellos un mayor riesgo significativo de morbilidad tardía respecto a los recién nacidos a término, tanto en el número de consultas como en el consumo de recursos en el servicio de urgencias hospitalarias. La patología predominante fue respiratoria.Conclusiones: Los prematuros tardíos presentan mayor morbilidad que los recién nacidos a término durante los 2 primeros años de vida, principalmente en los primeros 6 meses (AU)


Introduction: Preterm birth has increased over the last decades in developed countries and «late preterm» infants, born between 34 + 0 and 36 + 6 gestation weeks, are the main contribution to this increment. They are physiologically and metabolically immature and they have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. There are few studies of late morbidity about the emergency department visits. Objective: Evaluate the late preterm late morbidity compared with term infants at Guadalajara University Hospital. Material and methods: It was performed a retrospective and descriptive study of two groups of infants: Late preterm born between January 2008 and March 2010 and term infants. The morbidity was registered during the first 2 years of life. Results: In the study period 306 late preterm were born at Guadalajara University Hospital and 283 were included in our study. It was observed a higher risk of late morbidity compared with the term infants at number of visits and their cost in the emergency paediatric department. The predominant pathology was respiratory.Conclusions: Late preterm infants show higher morbidity than term infants in the first 2 years of live, mainly within first 6 month (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Premature, Diseases/epidemiology , Morbidity , Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
3.
Rev Neurol ; 64(10): 459-470, 2017 May 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28497442

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Spasticity is a medical problem with a high incidence that significantly impact on the quality of life of patients and their families. AIM: To analyze and to answer different questions about the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) in our clinical practice. DEVELOPMENT: A group of experts in neurology develop a list of topics related with the use of BTA. Two big groups were considered: spasticity in adults and in children with cerebral palsy. A literature search at PubMed for English, French, and Spanish language articles published up to June 2016 was performed. The manuscript was structured as a questionnaire that includes those questions that, according to the panel opinion, could generate more controversy or doubt. The initial draft was reviewed by the expert panel members to allow for modifications, and after subsequent revisions for achieving the highest degree of consensus, the final text was then validated. Different questions about diverse aspects of spasticity in adults, such as methods for evaluating spasticity, infiltration techniques, doses, number of infiltration points, etc. Regarding spasticity in children with cerebral palsy, the document included questions about minimum age of infiltration, methods of analgesia, etc. CONCLUSIONS: This review is a tool for continuous training for neurologist and rehabilitation specialist and residents of both specialties, about different specific areas of the management of BTA.


TITLE: Mitos y evidencias en el empleo de la toxina botulinica: espasticidad del adulto y del nintilde;o con paralisis cerebral.Introduccion. La espasticidad es un problema medico frecuente que impacta de forma significativa en la calidad de vida de los pacientes y sus familias. Objetivo. Analizar y dar respuesta a diferentes cuestiones en el uso de la toxina botulinica tipo A (TBA) en nuestra practica clinica habitual. Desarrollo. Un grupo de expertos en neurologia elaboro una lista de temas relacionados con el uso de la TBA. Se consideraron dos grandes bloques: espasticidad del adulto y del nintilde;o con paralisis cerebral. Se realizo una revision de la bibliografia que incluyo los diferentes articulos publicados en espantilde;ol, ingles y frances hasta junio de 2016. El documento se estructuro como un cuestionario que incluyo las preguntas que, segun el criterio del panel, podrian generar mayor controversia o duda. El borrador inicial del documento fue revisado por los miembros del panel y se realizaron las modificaciones necesarias hasta alcanzar el mayor grado de consenso. A continuacion, el texto final fue validado. Se incluyeron diferentes preguntas sobre diferentes aspectos de la espasticidad en adultos: evaluacion de la espasticidad, tecnicas de infiltracion, dosis, numero de puntos, etc. En cuanto a la espasticidad en los nintilde;os con paralisis cerebral, se analizaron preguntas como: edad minima de infiltracion, metodos de sedoanalgesia, etc. Conclusiones. Esta revision constituye una herramienta para neurologos, medicos rehabilitadores y residentes de ambas especialidades, dentro de diferentes ambitos especificos del manejo de la TBA.


Subject(s)
Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Cerebral Palsy/drug therapy , Neuromuscular Agents/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Adult , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/adverse effects , Cerebral Palsy/rehabilitation , Cerebral Palsy/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Consensus , Disease Management , Female , Goals , Humans , Infant , Male , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy , Muscle Spasticity/drug therapy , Muscle Spasticity/therapy , Neuromuscular Agents/administration & dosage , Neuromuscular Agents/adverse effects , Physical Therapy Modalities , Surveys and Questionnaires , Symptom Assessment , Young Adult
4.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 72(4): 207-212, jul.-ago. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-156764

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los nacimientos pretérmino se han incrementado en las últimas décadas: la principal contribución es debida a los ‘prematuros tardíos’, los nacidos entre las 34+0 y 36+6 semanas de edad gestacional. Son fisiológica y metabólicamente inmaduros y presentan un mayor riesgo de morbimortalidad. Objetivos. Evaluar la morbilidad tardía en los prematuros tardíos comparándola con la de los recién nacidos a término en el Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo prospectivo de dos cohortes de niños: los prematuros tardíos nacidos entre enero de 2008 y marzo de 2010 y los recién nacidos a término en ese periodo. La morbilidad fue registrada durante los dos primeros años de vida. Resultados. En el periodo de estudio, 306 prematuros tardíos nacieron en el Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara y 283 fueron incluidos en nuestro estudio. Observamos un significativo mayor riesgo de morbilidad tardía al comparar con los recién nacidos a término tanto en el número de ingresos como de reingresos hospitalarios. La patología predominante fue respiratoria en todos los rangos de edad. Conclusiones. Los prematuros tardíos presentan una mayor morbilidad que los recién nacidos a término durante los dos primeros años de vida, principalmente en los primeros seis meses (AU)


Introduction. Preterm birth has increased over the last decades in developed countries; the principal contribution to this increase has been from ‘late preterm’ infants, born at 34+0 - 36+6 weeks gestation. They are physiologically and metabolically immature and they are at a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Objective. To evaluate the late preterm late morbidity compared with term infants at Guadalajara University Hospital. Material and methods. It was performed a prospective and descriptive study of two cohorts of infants: Late preterm born between January 2008 and March 2010 and term infants. The morbidity was registered during the first two years of life. Results. In the study period 306 late preterm were born at Guadalajara University Hospital and 283 were included in our study. We have observed significantly higher morbidity compared with the term infants in admission and readmission rate. The predominant pathology was respiratory in all age ranges. Conclusions. Late preterm infants have higher morbidity than term infants in the first two years of live, mainly within the first six month (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Infant, Premature , Term Birth , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Spain , Cohort Studies
5.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 74(1): e7-e12, ene. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148807

ABSTRACT

Los episodios paroxísticos neonatales pueden deberse a múltiples causas: patología estructural, infección del sistema nervioso central y alteraciones metabólicas. Entre estas últimas, la hipocalcemia es una causa tratable y bien conocida de convulsión en el periodo neonatal. El hiperparatiroidismo primario durante el embarazo puede suprimir la secreción fetal de PTH, produciendo como consecuencia una hipocalcemia por hipoparatiroidismo transitorio tras el nacimiento. Presentamos un caso de hipocalcemia neonatal sintomática, cuyo estudio etiológico permitió diagnosticar a la madre un hiperparatiroidismo primario, y discutimos la trascendencia de la sospecha y tratamiento precoces de ambas entidades (AU)


Seizures during the neonatal period have a broad differential diagnosis such as intracranial infections, structural pathology and metabolic disorders. Among them, hypocalcemia is a treatable and well-known cause of neonatal seizures. Maternal hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy suppresses parathyroid activity in the fetus resulting in transient hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcemia after birth. We report a case of neonatal symptomatic hypocalcemia leading to a diagnosis of maternal hyperparathyroidism. The relevance of early suspicion and treatment of both entities is also discussed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant, Newborn , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary/etiology , Hypocalcemia/complications , Seizures/complications , Calcium Gluconate/therapeutic use , Seizures/etiology , Hypoparathyroidism/complications , Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use , Avitaminosis/complications , Magnesium/therapeutic use , Hypocalcemia/etiology
6.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 73(11): e297-e304, dic. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-146963

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos son áreas donde se concentran personal y equipo especializado en el manejo de niños críticos. Éstos, a menudo, deben ser trasladados hacia estas zonas en busca de procedimientos diagnósticos o terapéuticos. Tales desplazamientos pueden añadir un riesgo adicional a estos pacientes. Objetivos: Conocer las características del transporte interhospitalario pediátrico y neonatal en nuestra provincia. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de los pacientes que precisaron traslado interhospitalario desde el 1 de enero de 2006 hasta el 30 de junio de 2012. Analizamos las siguientes variables: sexo, edad, fecha y hora, etnia, diagnóstico clínico, centro receptor y características del médico que realizó el traslado. Resultados: Se realizaron 245 traslados de carácter urgente, el 35,5% en periodo neonatal y el 64,5% pediátrico. En el transporte pediátrico, las principales causas de traslado fueron el traumatismo con o sin afectación encefálica (22,2%), la patología neurológica no traumática (16,5%) y la patología respiratoria (15,8%). En el transporte neonatal, las causas más importantes fueron la patología respiratoria grave que requiere ventilación asistida (25,3%) y la prematuridad (23%). Se presentaron efectos adversos en el 0,8% de los traslados. Conclusiones: Aunque la mayoría del personal médico que realizó el traslado no posee formación específica, el número de complicaciones fue significativamente pequeño. El transporte de los niños gravemente enfermos a un centro pediátrico de atención terciaria puede llevarse a cabo de forma más segura con un equipo especializado en cuidados críticos pediátricos que con equipos que no están capacitados específicamente en transporte pediátrico (AU)


Introduction: Pediatric intensive care units have developed as treatment areas with a concentration of specialized equipment and personnel. Critically ill children often need to be moved to these critical care areas for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Such transport may pose additional risk to the critically ill patient. Objetives: To determine the characteristics of pediatric and neonatal interhospital transport in our province. Material and methods: Retrospective observational study of pediatric and neonatal patients who required interhospital transfer from January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2012. We analyzed the following variables: sex, age, date and time, ethnicity, clinical diagnosis, and characteristics of the receiving facility physician who performed the transfer. Results: A total of 245 emergency transports were realized, 35.5% in neonatal period and 64.5% in pediatric period. In the pediatric transport, the trauma with or without head injury (22.2%), non-traumatic neurological disorders (16.5%) and respiratory pathology (15.8%) were the reasons for interhospital transport. In the neonatal transport, severe respiratory disease requiring assisted ventilation (25.3%) and prematurity (23%) were the most important causes. The incidence of significant adverse events was 0.8% Conclusions: Although most of the medical staff who performed the transfer does not have specific training, the number of complications was significantly smaller. Transport of critically ill children to a pediatric tertiary care center can be conducted more safely with a pediatric critical care specialized team than with teams not specifically trained in pediatric transport (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Child , Patient Transfer/methods , Intensive Care, Neonatal/methods , Child Care/methods , Patient Transfer/trends , Intensive Care, Neonatal/trends , Spain , Child Care/trends , Observational Study , Retrospective Studies
7.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 73(7): e165-e170, jul. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-141899

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Existen muy pocos datos publicados sobre la demanda de asistencia en unidades de endocrinología pediátrica en el mundo. Estudios de este tipo podrían ser útiles para el diseño de programas encaminados a la correcta adecuación de recursos. Objetivo: Evaluar la demanda de asistencia endocrinológica pediátrica en el Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de pacientes menores de 15 años valorados en la Unidad de Endocrinología Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, entre enero de 2009 y diciembre de 2011. Se recogieron las siguientes variables: sexo, edad, motivo de consulta, origen de la consulta (atención primaria u hospital), diagnóstico (siguiendo la clasificación propuesta por la Sociedad Europea de Endocrinología Pediátrica) y tratamientos administrados.Resultados: En los 3 años de estudio se atendieron en nuestro hospital 989 pacientes con patología endocrinológica pediátrica. El índice de solicitud de primera visita fue de 5,3/1.000 habitantes menores de 15 años. Apreciamos un aumento significativo de solicitud de primera consulta en este periodo. Los motivos de consulta más frecuentes fueron la talla baja (27%) y el sobrepeso/obesidad (17%). Las categorías diagnósticas más frecuentes fueron la talla baja (24,9%), las alteraciones de la pubertad (20%) y el sobrepeso/obesidad (18,6%). Los varones fueron diagnosticados con más frecuencia, con una diferencia estadísticamente significativa, de talla baja, y las mujeres de alteraciones de la pubertad.Conclusiones: Nuestros datos muestran la elevada frecuencia y la diversidad de patologías endocrinológicas entre la población pediátrica de la zona, lo que pone de manifiesto la necesidad y rentabilidad de la existencia de unidades de endocrinología pediátrica (AU)


Background: There are few studies published about the demand for assistance in units of pediatric endocrinology in the world. Studies of frequency and characteristics of the pathologies followed in these units could be of help in the design of programs to the adequacy of resources. Objective: To evaluate the global demand for pediatric endocrine care in the University Hospital of Guadalajara.Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of patients under the age of fifteen that were seen in the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit at Guadalajara University Hospital, between January 2009 and December 2011. Patient data recorded included: gender, presenting symptoms, origin of the referral (primary care or hospital), diagnosis (following the classification proposed by the European Society of Pediatric Endocrinology), and treatments administered. Results: In the study period (2009-2011) 989 patients with endocrine disorders were seen in the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit at Guadalajara University Hospital. The rate of application for first visit was 5.3/1000 people younger than 15 years. We appreciated a significant increase the number of requests for first consultation. The most frequent presenting symptoms were: short stature (27%) and overweight/obesity (17%). In order of frequency, we found the following diagnostic categories: short stature (24.9%), puberty disorders (20%) and overweight/obesity (18.6%). Boys were diagnosed more frequently with a statistically significant difference of short stature and girls of puberty disorders. Conclusions: Our data show the high frequency and diversity of endocrine disorders among the pediatric population in the area, emphasizing the need for and cost-effectiveness of the existence of pediatric endocrinology units (AU)


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent , Endocrinology/organization & administration , Pediatrics/organization & administration , Outpatient Clinics, Hospital , Endocrine System Diseases/epidemiology , Health Services Needs and Demand , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control , Endocrine System Diseases/prevention & control
8.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 70(1): 12-16, ene.-feb. 2014.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-121767

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La esofagitis eosinofilica, es una inflamación crónica del esófago con una importante infiltración mucosa eosinofílica. Nuestro objetivo fue revisar las endoscopias con diagnóstico anatomopatológico de esofagitis eosinofílica y estudiar las características y evolución de los pacientes. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, mediante revisión de informes clínicos desde enero del 2008 a diciembre de 2012 de pacientes pediátricos a los que se realizó estudio endoscópico con diagnóstico de esofagitis cosinofílica. El análisis se realizó mediante programa SPSS19. Resultados. Se registraron 13 pacientes. El 85% son varones. El síntoma principal fue la disfagia. La mayoría presentaban antecedentes personales y/o familiares de alergia. En el 100% se observaron > de 20 eosinófilos por campo de gran aumento. Los fármacos más usado fueron fluticasona y budesonida. En más de la mitad de los pacientes se realizó control endoscópico. Discusión y conclusiones. La esofagitis eosinofílica supone el 14,07% de las endoscopias realizadas en nuestro hospital en el tiempo registrado. Aunque es una patología poco frecuente, la falta de estudios sobre el tratamiento y pronóstico de la enfermedad hace necesaria la puesta en marcha de un protocolo de actuación que unifique el manejo de estos pacientes (AU)


Introduction. Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic inflammation of the esophageal mucosa with significant eosinophilic infiltration. Our objective was to review the endoscopy with pathological diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis and study the characteristics and patient outcomes. Material and methods. A retrospective review of clinical reports through form January 2008 to December 2012 pediatric patients undergoing endoscopy was performed with a diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis. The analysis was performed using SPSS 19 program. Results. 13 patients were recorded. 85% are male. The main symptom was dysphagia. Most families had a history of allergy. In 100% were observed > 20 eosinophils per high power field. The most commonly used drugs were fluticasome and budesonide. In more than half of patients endoscopic control was performed. Discussion and conclusions. Eosinophilic esophagitis represent 14,07% of endoscopies perfomed in our hospital at the time recorded. Although it is an uncommon condition, the lack of studies on the treatment and prognosis of the disease requires the implementation of a protocol that unifies the management of these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Eosinophilic Esophagitis/epidemiology , Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Deglutition Disorders/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
9.
Life Sci ; 97(2): 96-106, 2014 Mar 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24252315

ABSTRACT

AIMS: The biological reaction to wear debris is critical to the osteolysis underlying aseptic loosening of joint prosthetic implants. In an attempt to reduce aseptic loosening, ceramics have been introduced. This study was designed to evaluate, compare and correlate the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), their intracellular adaptors and proinflammatory cytokines in cultured macrophages challenged with titanium or zirconia particles, as well as particle-induced osteolysis in calvaria and hyperalgesia and edema in hind paw. MAIN METHODS: TLRs and their adaptors were evaluated at the mRNA level by RT-PCR, and cytokine expression was evaluated at the mRNA and protein levels. Osteolysis and hyperalgesia and edema were evaluated in vivo, in calvaria and hind paw, respectively. KEY FINDINGS: Cultured macrophages challenged with zirconia or titanium particles expressed increased mRNA for TLRs 2, 3, 4 and 9, and their adaptors MyD88, TRIF and NF-κB and cytokines TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6, which were also increased at protein level. Quantitative differences are evident and, in general, zirconia particle-induced pro-inflammatory gene expression was lower than that induced by titanium particles. In in vivo experiments, exposition to titanium or zirconia particles induced osteolysis in calvaria and hyperalgesia and edema in hind paw; however those induced by zirconia particles were significantly lower. There is a strong and positive correlation between the expressions of mRNA for TLR4, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6. SIGNIFICANCE: Collectively, our data suggest that zirconia ceramic particles are less bioactive than titanium particles.


Subject(s)
Edema/chemically induced , Hyperalgesia/chemically induced , Inflammation/chemically induced , Titanium/toxicity , Zirconium/toxicity , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Cytokines/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Macrophages/drug effects , Macrophages/metabolism , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Osteolysis/chemically induced , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Skull/drug effects , Skull/metabolism , Toll-Like Receptors/genetics
10.
Aust Dent J ; 57(3): 284-91, 2012 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22924350

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used in a variety of surgical and non-surgical endodontic applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gene expression and protein production of TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6, as well as the gene expression of RANKL and OPG using both commercial and experimental MTA in macrophage cell cultures. METHODS: Peritoneal macrophage cell culture was performed. Viability, gene expression of cytokines, RANKL and OPG, and protein levels in experimental- and commercial-grey MTA co-cultured with peritoneal macrophages was determined by tryptan blue, real time PCR and ELISA. RESULTS: The expression of TNF-α for both commercial and experimental MTA was higher, while the expression of IL-1ß and IL-6 was similar when compared to the negative control. At protein expression level, no differences were observed between the negative control and cements. RANKL did not show a significant improvement in gene expression when compared with the negative control, but OPG expression in cement samples was higher when compared to the negative control. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that commercial and experimental MTA promotes anti-inflammatory processes, as well as bone healing capacity.


Subject(s)
Aluminum Compounds/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Calcium Compounds/pharmacology , Cytokines/genetics , Osteoprotegerin/genetics , Oxides/pharmacology , RANK Ligand/genetics , Silicates/pharmacology , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Drug Combinations , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Gene Expression/drug effects , Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism , Mice , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
11.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 68(1): 39-42, ene.-feb. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101733

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La meningitis es una enfermedad infecciosa con especial incidencia en la edad infantil, producida por inflamación de las cubiertas meníngeas. Puede provocar secuelas graves, irreversibles e incluso la muerte del paciente si no se actúa pronto. Pacientes y métodos. Se revisan, de forma retrospectiva, las historias clínicas de los niños hospitalizados por meningitis (víricas y bacterianas) entre el año 2005 y 2009. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes personales, clínica y hallazgos exploratorios, exámenes complementarios, duración del ingreso, tratamiento, evolución, complicaciones y secuelas al alta. Resultados. Nuestra muestra consta de 45 niños, con una edad media de 5,91 años. Los síntomas principales al ingreso fueron de meningitis bacteriana, siendo le resto por meningitis asépticas o víricas. La mayoría de los casos presentó buena evolución con la excepción de 3 casos en los se objetivaron secuelas neurológicas en dos de ellos e hipoacusia en uno. Conclusiones. En los niños con meningitis es fundamental distinguir aquellas de origen bacteriano de las virales, hasta entonces, el tratamiento debe ser precoz, con antibioterapia empírica incluso en casos dudosos. Se recomienda tratamiento con dexametasona en la meningitis por Haemophilus influenzae tipo b y neumocócica , ya que disminuye significativamente la mortalidad y la incidencia de secuelas, sobre todo la sordera grave en niños. En nuestra serie los 3 niños que presentaron secuelas no habían recibido tratamiento previo de dexametasona (AU)


Background. It is an infectious disease with special emphasis on childhood, caused by inflammation of the meningeal covering. It can cause serious consequences, irreversible and even patient death if nothing is done soon. Patients and methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children hospitalized for meningitis (viral and bacterial) between 2005 and 2009. We studied the following variables: age, sex, personal history, clinical examination findings, and examinations, duration of admission, treatment, outcome, complications and sequelae at discharge. Results. Our sample consists of 45 children, with a mean age of 5.91 years. The main symptoms at admission were fever and vomiting. In 15,5%, the diagnosis was bacterial meningitis, the remainder being aseptic or viral meningitis. Most Patients had good performance with the exception of 3 cases observe any neurological sequelae in two of them and hearing loss in one. Conclusions. In children with meningitis is crucial to distinguish those of bacterial origin of the virus, until then, treatment should be early, with empirical antibiotic therapy even in doubtful cases. We recommend treatment with dexamethasone in the Haemophilus influenza type b and pneumococcal meningitis, and which significantly reduces mortality and the incidence of sequelae especially severe deafness in children. In our series, 3 children had sequelae had not received prior treatment with dexamethasone (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Meningitis/epidemiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Meningitis, Bacterial/epidemiology , Meningitis, Aseptic/epidemiology , Meningitis, Meningococcal/epidemiology , Meningitis, Viral/epidemiology , Deafness/epidemiology
12.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 75(6): 365-371, dic. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-92367

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El retraso mental afecta al 3% de la población. En el 50% no es posible determinar la etiología. Las alteraciones cromosómicas submicroscópicas subteloméricas, no detectables con técnicas citogenéticas convencionales, pueden explicar algunos casos de retraso mental criptogénicos. Pacientes y métodos: Cohorte de 200 pacientes, con edades comprendidas entre los 2,5 y los 15 años, y retraso psicomotor (< 6 años) o retraso mental (> 6 años) criptogénicos. Variables: grado de retraso, dismorfias (faciales, manuales, macrosomía/microsomía), crecimiento intrauterino retardado, epilepsia. Identificación de reordenamientos cromosómicos subteloméricos mediante MLPA (multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification), que detecta pérdidas o ganancias de material genético. Confirmación de los hallazgos patológicos mediante FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) y/o array de CGH (comparative genomic hybridization). Resultados: Se detectaron anomalías subteloméricas en 9 pacientes, lo que representa el 4,5% de los casos. El estudio de progenitores demostró en un caso una traslocación en equilibrio. El resto eran alteraciones «de novo». Existía asociación significativa con la presencia de más de un rasgo fenotípico dismórfico o el antecedente de crecimiento intrauterino retardado, pero no con el grado de retraso ni con la presencia de epilepsia. Conclusiones: Las alteraciones cromósomicas submicroscópicas subteloméricas explican el 4,5% de los retrasos mentales de causa desconocida en nuestra serie. En nuestra población se asocian a la presencia de más de un rasgo fenotípico anormal o al antecedente de crecimiento intrauterino retardado (AU)


Introduction: Mental retardation affects 3% of the population, the origin of which cannot be established in 50% of cases. Subtelomeric rearrangements, not detected by routine cytogenetic studies, might explain some cases of unknown cause. Patients and methods: A study was conducted on 200 subjects with unexplained mental retardations using multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Abnormal findings were confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and/or comparative genomic hybridization technology (CGH-array). Results: A subtelomeric aberration was identified in 9 patients. Eight were «de novo»; one was inherited from a phenotypically normal parent. There was a statistically significant association with the presence of more than one dysmorphic feature or with intrauterine growth retardation, but not with the severity of retardation or epilepsy. Conclusions: Subtelomeric rearrangements explained 4.5% of cases of mental retardation in our series. The presence of more than one dysmorphic feature or intrauterine uterine growth retardation increases the probability of this type of chromosomal aberration (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Chromosome Aberrations , Intellectual Disability/genetics , Psychomotor Disorders/epidemiology , Gene Rearrangement , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Comparative Genomic Hybridization , Epilepsy/epidemiology
13.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(5): 261-265, sept.-oct. 2011. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101716

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La varicela es una enfermedad viral aguda propia de la infancia y altamente contagiosa que se manifiesta, de forma habitual, por síntomas leves asociados a una erupción vesicular con formación final de costras. Sin embargo, esta infección puede ocasionar complicaciones importantes en diferentes órganos y sistemas y causar, incluso, la muerte del paciente. Pacientes y métodos. Se revisan de forma retrospectiva las historias clínicas de los niños hospitalizados por complicaciones en el contexto de varicela entre el año2005 y el 2009. Se estudiaron las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, antecedentes personales, vacuna antivaricela, presencia o no de inmunodepresión, exámenes complementarios, duración del ingreso, tratamiento, diagnósticos al alta, evolución, complicaciones y secuelas al alta. Resultados. La muestra consta de 25 niños, con una edad media de 2,4 años; 92% eran menores de 5 años. Ninguno había sido vacunado contra el virus varicela-zoster. Ningún niño se encontraba inmunodeprimido. La duración media de ingreso fue e 5,16 días. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron las infecciosas, entre ellas, las infecciones cutáneas bacterianas (88%), seguidas de las neurológicas (8%) y de las renales (4%). Conclusiones. A pesar de su aparente benignidad, la varicela y sus complicaciones presentan una elevada morbilidad y un importe coste social que apoyan la introducción de la vacunación universal (AU)


Introduction. Varicella is an acute viral disease own of the childhood. Highly contagious, that pronounces with slight symptoms associate to a vesicular eruption with a final scab formation; but that can get to present different types from complications at different organs and systems from important way causing the death of the patient. Patients and methods. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children hospitalized with complications in the context of the disease between 2005 and 2009. The variables studied are: age, gender, personal history, varicella immunization, immune status, complementary investigations, length of hospital stay, treatment, discharge diagnosis, clinical course, complications and sequelae at discharge. Results. Our sample consists of 25 children, with an average age of 2.4 years; 92% were younger than 5 years. None had been vaccinated against the Varicella-Zoster virus. More of the children were inmunodeficient. The average stay total income was 5,16 days. The most frequent complications were the skin (88%), followed by neurological (8%) and renal complications (4%). Conclusions. Despite his usual mild, Varicella and its complications have a high morbidity and an important social cost that support the introduction of universal vaccination (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Chickenpox/epidemiology , Herpesvirus 3, Human/pathogenicity , Chickenpox Vaccine/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Chickenpox/complications
14.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 75(6): 365-71, 2011 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21798831

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Mental retardation affects 3% of the population, the origin of which cannot be established in 50% of cases. Subtelomeric rearrangements, not detected by routine cytogenetic studies, might explain some cases of unknown cause. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A study was conducted on 200 subjects with unexplained mental retardations using multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Abnormal findings were confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and/or comparative genomic hybridization technology (CGH-array). RESULTS: A subtelomeric aberration was identified in 9 patients. Eight were «de novo¼; one was inherited from a phenotypically normal parent. There was a statistically significant association with the presence of more than one dysmorphic feature or with intrauterine growth retardation, but not with the severity of retardation or epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Subtelomeric rearrangements explained 4.5% of cases of mental retardation in our series. The presence of more than one dysmorphic feature or intrauterine uterine growth retardation increases the probability of this type of chromosomal aberration.


Subject(s)
Intellectual Disability/genetics , Psychomotor Disorders/genetics , Telomere/genetics , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male
15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21660258

ABSTRACT

The efficacy of extracts and essential oils from Allium tuberosum, Coriandrum sativum, Cymbopogon martini, Cymbopogon winterianus, and Santolina chamaecyparissus was evaluated against Candida spp. isolates from the oral cavity of patients with periodontal disease. The most active oil was fractionated and tested against C. albicans biofilm formation. The oils were obtained by water-distillation and the extracts were prepared with macerated dried plant material. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration-MIC was determined by the microdilution method. Chemical characterization of oil constituents was performed using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). C. sativum activity oil upon cell and biofilm morphology was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The best activities against planktonic Candida spp. were observed for the essential oil and the grouped F(8-10) fractions from C. sativum. The crude oil also affected the biofilm formation in C. albicans causing a decrease in the biofilm growth. Chemical analysis of the F(8-10) fractions detected as major active compounds, 2-hexen-1-ol, 3-hexen-1-ol and cyclodecane. Standards of these compounds tested grouped provided a stronger activity than the oil suggesting a synergistic action from the major oil constituents. The activity of C. sativum oil demonstrates its potential for a new natural antifungal formulation.

16.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 69(5): 201-206, mayo 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-90403

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las visitas de los recién nacidos a los servicios de urgencias producen una gran ansiedad en sus padres y en el personal de urgencias. Como resultado de una estancia hospitalaria posparto cada vez más corta, muchas de las dudas de puericultura que se gestionaban en las maternidades aparecen en el servicio de urgencias. La educación de los padres es fundamental para disminuir la ansiedad y resolver dudas e inquietudes, y de esta forma disminuir la congestión en estos servicios, los costes y todas las implicaciones que esto conlleva. Material y métodos: Revisión retrospectiva de los informes de urgencias de los neonatos (menores de 28 días de vida) atendidos en el servicio de urgencias durante 2009. Se analizan los siguientes datos: edad, sexo, hora y fecha de llegada, etnia de los padres, derivación por parte de otro médico/centro, motivo de consulta, exploraciones complementarias, diagnóstico final y destino del paciente. Resultados: Se realizaron 415 visitas de pacientes con una media de edad de 12,5 días. El 51,3% eran varones. La mayor presión asistencial se registró en el turno de tarde y en los meses de mayo y diciembre. El principal motivo de consulta fue la ictericia (15,4%) y los cambios del ritmo intestinal (14,4%). El 27,5% eran hijos de inmigrantes. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron las dudas de puericultura (35,9%) y la ictericia (15,7%). El 70,8% no precisó exploraciones complementarias. La proporción de ingresos fue del 12%, principalmente por ictericia (3,9%) y fiebre sin foco (1,7%). Conclusiones: La gran mayoría de las consultas corresponden a una patología menor que no precisa exploraciones complementarias, y que podría ser resuelta en centros de atención primaria (AU)


Introduction: The visits to the emergency services by the newborn babies can cause a great anxiety in their parents and in the emergency department staff. As a result of a shorter postpartum hospital stay, many childcare concerns, which traditionally have been managed in newborn nurseries, are appearing in the pediatric emergency department. The parents’ education is fundamental to diminish the anxiety and to solve doubts and concern, and in that form diminish the congestion in these services, costs and all the implications that this brings. Material and methods: We performed a retrospective study of patients younger than 28 days old of life who were attended at the pediatric emergency department in 2009. Information on sex, age, time and date, parents ethnic group, referral by another medical doctor/center, cause of consultation, complementary examinations, final diagnosis, and patients admission. Results: There were 415 visits to newborn babies. The mean chronological age was 12.5 days, 51.3 % were boys. Visits were most frequent on evening shifts, and in the months of May and December. The most frequent main complaint was jaundice (15.4%) and changes in intestinal rhythm (14.4%).27.5% were children of immigrants. The most frequent final diagnoses were childcare concerns (35.9%) and jaundice (15.7%). Complementary examinations were not required in 70.8%.The admission rate was of 12%, most commonly due to jaundice (3.9%) and fever (1.7%). Conclusions: The vast majority of visits were due to minor problems that did not require complementary examinations and could have been resolved in primary care centers (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology , Emergency Treatment/statistics & numerical data , Causality , Morbidity , Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data
17.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(2): 105-107, mar.-abr. 2011.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101698

ABSTRACT

El tratamiento de los tumores del sistema nerviosos central consta de cirugía, radioterapia y/o quimioterapia, lo que ha aumentado significativamente los índices de superviviente, pero asociando, a cambio, múltiples complicaciones. De ellas, una proporción importante son de tipo endocrinológico. Presentamos un caso de microadenoma hipofisario productor de ACTH (enfermedad de Cushing) y su evolución tras 7 años de control post radioterapia craneal (AU)


The treatment of the tumors of central nervous system consist of surgery, radiation or chemotherapy, which has significantly increased survival rates, but associating in Exchange, multiple complications. Of them, a significant proportion is endocrinological. We present a case of microadenoma hipofisario producing ACTH (Cushing´s disease) and its evolution after 7 years of control post cranial radiation (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion/complications , ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma/radiotherapy , Endocrine System Diseases/etiology , Radiation Injuries/complications , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/radiotherapy
18.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(1): 16-21, ene.-feb. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101095

ABSTRACT

Mediante un estudio descriptivo trasversal, basado en la información recogida de los informes de un Servicio de Urgencias de Pediatría de un hospital secundario, obtuvimos que, en la demanda pediátrica urgente fueron más frecuentes los usuarios varones con edades comprendidas entre 1 y 2 años, que requirieron asistencia, en su mayoría, por procesos infecciosos, siendo su principal motivo de consulta la fiebre. A un reducido número de estos pacientes se les realizan exploraciones complementarias, son diagnosticados más frecuentemente de patologías banales y el destino final para prácticamente todos es el alta hospitalaria. Como valoración subjetiva por parte del profesional médico se consideran demandas justificadas el 41,55% del total. En nuestro medio, es diciembre el mes con mayor presión asistencial y, de manera general, los repuntes de demanda asistencial se dan en horario de tarde aumentando en los días festivos (AU)


We present a transversal descriptive study, which analyses several information collected from medical reports at the Emergency Department (ED) in our Hospital Pediatrics Area. It is obtained a man aged between 1 and 2 years old and who demands medical care due to an infection complaint (mostly fever), as the most frequent user at the ED (excluding orthopedics and surgical). Actually, we found a low rate of complementary examinations needed, and slight diseases as the most frequent diagnose, so most of the patients were discharged from the Hospital. 41,55% of all the visits were considered justified by the doctor (as a subjective assessment). December appears to be the month with a greatest demand, and patients come mostly at the afternoon with a rising peak if it is a holiday (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Emergency Medical Services/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Treatment/statistics & numerical data , Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data , 25631/statistics & numerical data , Age and Sex Distribution , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Unnecessary Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Misuse/statistics & numerical data , Morbidity/trends
19.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(1): 37-38, ene.-feb. 2011.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101099

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de tiroides ectópico sublingual asociado a enfermedad de Graves-Basedow en un niño de 16 años con antecedentes personales de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 desde los 11 años. La verdadera incidencia de tiroides ectópico es desconocida por cursar la mayor parte de ellos de forma asintomática; en caso de presentar clínica, suele ser hipotiroidismo, siendo excepcional su asociación a hipertiroidismo (AU)


A case is presented of sublingual ectopic thyroid associated to Graves-Basedow disease in a 16 year-old male child with personal background of Diabetes Mellitus 1 from 11 years of age. The true incidence of ectopic thyroid is unknown as it mostly occurs symptomatically. If there are symptoms, they are generally hypothyroidism, its association to hyperthyroidism being very rare (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Choristoma/diagnosis , Graves Disease/complications , Thyroid Diseases/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Mouth Floor/pathology
20.
Braz J Biol ; 70(4): 1065-8, 2010 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21180915

ABSTRACT

The increase in the resistance to antimicrobial drugs in use has attracted the attention of the scientific community, and medicinal plants have been extensively studied as alternative agents for the prevention of infections. The Candida genus yeast can become an opportunistic pathogen causing disease in immunosuppressive hosts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dichloromethane and methanol extracts from Mentha piperita, Rosmarinus officinalis, Arrabidaea chica, Tabebuia avellanedae, Punica granatum and Syzygium cumini against Candida species through the analysis of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Results presented activity of these extracts against Candida species, especially the methanol extract.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Candida/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification , Candida/classification , Methanol/pharmacology , Methylene Chloride/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal/classification
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