ABSTRACT
Semiarid forests are worldwide threatened by land use changes, particularly agriculture. However, in some cases, due to particular economic or social processes, agriculture ends and forests may or may not recover to their original state. Using different databases and satellite images integrated into a geographical information system, we located in the central region of the semiarid Chaco forests of Argentina adjacent land use patches of secondary forest (SF), remnant forest (RF) and crops (CP). Using a chronosequence approach, we evaluated changes in the fraction of the photosynthetic active radiation absorbed by the vegetation (FAPAR) between SF and RF and CP, using the enhanced vegetation index (EVI). We evaluated both intra and inter-annual changes in EVI mean (EVImean), EVI maximum (EVImax), EVI minimum (EVImin), and EVI relative range (EVIrr) as descriptors of FAPAR dynamics and analyzed their changes through time (2000 to 2010) and their relation to rainfall. Secondary forests showed higher seasonality and higher EVImean values than RF, but differences disappeared as time since agricultural abandonment increased, suggesting that SF recover their functioning (when compared to RF) after 10 to 15â¯years. Our results suggest that Chaco's SF have intermediate seasonal patterns in-between RF and CP, as expected by successional theory, and that FAPAR interception by RF appears to be dependent on previous year's precipitation. We found that, although all land uses showed similar precipitation use efficiency (PUE), SF and cropland's productivity were less stable across the years and showed faster increases or decreases compared to RF, depending on precipitation (higher precipitation marginal response- PMR). Our results suggest that at least some aspects of ecosystem functioning can be restored after agricultural abandonment. Future research that combines floristic and structural changes is necessary to fully understand secondary forests regrowth process after agricultural abandonment in the Chaco region.
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Conservation of Natural Resources , Forests , ArgentinaABSTRACT
At the 6th Abbott-SENPE Debate Forum a multidisciplinary and multiprofessional discussion was established in order to seek for the model or the models of clinical management most appropriate for Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Units (CNAD) in Spain. The weaknesses and strengths as well as opportunities for the current systems were assessed concluding that a certain degree of disparity was observed not only due to regional differences but also to different hospital types. It was proposed, from SENPE, the creation of a working group helping to standardize the models and promote the culture of Integral Control and Change Management.
Subject(s)
Models, Theoretical , Nutritional Sciences , Humans , SpainABSTRACT
At a multidisciplinary debate, and after reviewing the evidence available as well as experts' opinion, the IV Baxter-SENPE Working Panel established the indications and managemente guidelines for micronutrients (water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, and oligoelements or trace elements) in parenteral nutrition. It was concluded about the convenience of daily intake of micronutrients with diferent options regarding deficiente or excessive dosages, administration systems, interactions, monitoring, and cots-effectiveness.
Subject(s)
Micronutrients , Parenteral Nutrition , Humans , Micronutrients/administration & dosage , Vitamins/administration & dosageABSTRACT
En el VIº Foro de Debate Abbott-SENPE se establece una discusión multidisciplinar y multiprofesional para buscar el o los modelos de gestión clínica que consideramos más adecuados para la Unidades de Nutrición Clínica y Dietética (UNCyD) en España. Se valoran los puntos débiles y fuertes así como las oportunidades de los actuales sistemas y se concluye en la observación de una cierta disparidad vinculada no solo a las comunidades autónomas sino también a los diferentes tipos de hospital. Se propone, desde SENPE, la creación de un grupo de trabajo que ayude a la normalización de los modelos y a potenciar la cultura del Cuadro de Mandos Integral y de Gestión del Cambio (AU)
At the 6th Abbott-SENPE Debate Forum a multidisciplinary and multiprofessional discussion was established in order to seek for the model or the models of clinical management most appropriate for Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Units (CNAD) in Spain. The weaknesses and strengths as well as opportunities for the current systems were assessed concluding that a certain degree of disparity was observed not only due to regional differences but also to different hospital types. It was proposed, from SENPE, the creation of a working group helping to standardize the models and promote the culture of Integral Control and Change Management (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , 52503 , /organization & administration , Health Services Administration , Dietetics/organization & administration , Models, Organizational , Organizational InnovationABSTRACT
En un debate multidisciplinar, y tras revisar la evidencia disponible así como la experiencia de los expertos, la IVM esa de Trabajo Baxter-SENPE establece las indicaciones y pautas de manejo de los micronutrientes (vitaminas hidrosolubles y liposolubles y oligoelementos o elementos traza) en la Nutrición Parenteral. Se concluye en la conveniencia del aporte diario de micronutrientes contemplándose diferentes posibilidades en lo que respecta a dosis por exceso y defecto, sistemas de administración, interacciones, monitorización y coste-efectividad (AU)
At a multidisciplinary debate, and after reviewing the evidence available as well as experts opinion, the IV Baxter-SENPE Working Panel established the indications and managemente guidelines for micronutrients (water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, and oligoelements or trace elements)in parenteral nutrition. It was concluded about the convenience of daily intake of micronutrients with differentiations regarding deficient or excessive dosages, administration systems, interactions, monitoring, and cost-effectiveness (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Parenteral Nutrition/methods , Parenteral Nutrition Solutions/pharmacology , Micronutrients/administration & dosage , Water-Soluble Vitamins/administration & dosage , Fat Soluble Vitamins/administration & dosage , Trace Elements/administration & dosageABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Nutrition Disorders/diagnosis , Mass Screening/methods , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Reference Standards , Clinical Protocols , Process Assessment, Health Care/standardsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Malnutrition/diagnosis , Mass Screening/methods , Nutrition SurveysABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Nutritional Support/methods , Nutrition Therapy/methods , Nutrition Disorders/diet therapy , Malnutrition/diet therapy , Patient Care Planning/organization & administration , Nutritional RequirementsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Pharmaceutical Solutions/pharmacology , Drug Compounding/methods , Food, Formulated/standards , Parenteral Nutrition Solutions/pharmacology , Reference Standards , Food Labeling/standardsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Dispensaries , Pharmaceutical Services , Pharmaceutical Services/standards , Good Dispensing Practices , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/organization & administration , Nutritional Support/methods , Medication Therapy Management/organization & administration , Patient Safety , /organization & administration , Reference Standards , Catheter-Related Infections/prevention & control , Parenteral Nutrition/standardsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Monitoring, Physiologic/standards , Nutrition Therapy/standards , Medication Therapy Management/standards , Parenteral Nutrition/standards , Nutritional Support/standards , Pharmaceutical ServicesABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Nutritional Support/statistics & numerical data , Pharmaceutical Services , Process Assessment, Health Care , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Pharmaceutical Services , Medication Therapy Management/standards , Nutritional Support/standards , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Nutritional Support/ethics , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/ethics , Decision Making/ethics , Risk Management/ethicsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomedical Research/trends , Pharmacy Service, Hospital/trends , Access to Information , Health Services ResearchABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Pharmacy, Continuing/organization & administration , Pharmacy Service, Hospital , Professional Training , Professional CompetenceABSTRACT
No disponible
No disponible
