Uso de la PET-18F-FDG en pacientes con sospecha de recurrencia de cáncer diferenciado de tiroides por anticuerpos anti-tiroglobulina elevados y rastreo 131I negativo / Use of 18FFDG-PET in patients with suspicion of recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer by elevated antithyroglobulin antibodies levels and negative 131I scan

Objetivo. Valorar la utilidad de los estudios PET-18F-FDG en el seguimiento de los pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides que presentan riesgo de enfermedad y niveles de tiroglobulina (Tg) no interpretables por la presencia de anticuerpos antitiroglobulina (AbTg). Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de 7 mujeres con edad media de 40 años y diagnóstico histológico de cáncer diferenciado de tiroides (7 carcinomas papilares) que fueron remitidos a nuestro servicio para la realización de estudio PET-18F-FDG por sospecha de enfermedad, debido a rastreo 131I negativo y niveles de AbTg elevados, entre los años 2002 y 2007. Se les realizaron 11 exploraciones PET tras la inyección de 370-434 MBq de 18F-FDG en condiciones de normoglucemia y previa administración de relajante muscular, hidratación y furosemida. Los resultados de la PET se confirmaron por histología y/o por evolución clínico radiológica, con un período de seguimiento mínimo de 24 meses. Resultados. La prevalencia de la recurrencia de la enfermedad en la población estudiada fue del 57,14%. Todas las pacientes presentaban niveles de Tg inferiores a 3 ng/dl y AbTg superiores a 200 UI/ml. Tres pacientes presentaban antecedentes de tiroiditis. De los 11 estudios realizados la PET fue negativa en tres y positiva en 8. Se descartó la existencia de enfermedad en 3 pacientes mientras que en 4 pacientes la PET permitió localizar con éxito la existencia de recidiva. Conclusión. La PET-18F-FDG es una técnica útil para localizar enfermedad, así como para descartar la existencia de recurrencia con una elevada seguridad diagnóstica, en pacientes con antecedentes de carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides con rastreo 131I negativo, pero con elevación patológica de anticuerpos AbTg(AU)

Aim. To evaluate the utility of 18FFDG-PET for patients diagnosed of differentiated thyroid carcinoma who present risk of disease and invaluable levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) by the presence of antibodies antithyroglobulin (AbTg). Material and methods. Retrospective study of 7 women of 40 years old and histological diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (7 papillary tumours) that were sent to our department for the accomplishment of18FFDG-PET study because of suspicion of disease, due to 131I negative and high levels of AbTg, between the year 2002 and 2007. 11 PET scans were obtained after the intravenous injection of 370-434 MBq of 18FFDG in normoglycemia conditions and previous administration of muscle relaxant, hydration and diuretic. The results of 18FFDG-PET scans were confirmed by pathologic examination or clinical outcome and radiographic examination for more than 24 months. Results. The prevalence of recurrence in our population was 57.14%. All patients presented levels of Tg lower than 3 ng/dl and AbTg superior to 200 UI/ml. Three patients had precedent thyroiditis. Out of 11 scans performed 3 of them were negative and 8 cases were found positive. It ruled out the existence of disease in three patients and localized the presence of recurrence in 4 patients. Conclusion. 18FFDG-PET Conclusion. CONCLUSION: 18F-FDG-PET is a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of recurrence as well as to rule out the existence of disease with a high accuracy, in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma with 131I whole body scan negative but with pathological elevation of antithyroglobulin antibodies(AU)

[Use of 18F FDG-PET in patients with suspicion of recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer by elevated antithyroglobulin antibodies levels and negative ¹³¹I scan]. / Uso de la PET-18F-FDG en pacientes con sospecha de recurrencia de cáncer diferenciado de tiroides por anticuerpos anti-tiroglobulina elevados y rastreo ¹³¹I negativo.

AIM: To evaluate the utility of (18F)FDG-PET for patients diagnosed of differentiated thyroid carcinoma who present risk of disease and invaluable levels of thyroglobulin (Tg) by the presence of antibodies antithyroglobulin (AbTg). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 7 women of 40 years old and histological diagnosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (7 papillary tumours) that were sent to our department for the accomplishment of(18F)FDG-PET study because of suspicion of disease, due to ¹³¹I negative and high levels of AbTg, between the year 2002 and 2007. 11 PET scans were obtained after the intravenous injection of 370-434 MBq of (18F)FDG in normoglycemia conditions and previous administration of muscle relaxant, hydration and diuretic. The results of (18F)FDG-PET scans were confirmed by pathologic examination or clinical outcome and radiographic examination for more than 24 months. RESULTS: The prevalence of recurrence in our population was 57.14%. All patients presented levels of Tg lower than 3 ng/dl and AbTg superior to 200 UI/ml. Three patients had precedent thyroiditis. Out of 11 scans performed 3 of them were negative and 8 cases were found positive. It ruled out the existence of disease in three patients and localized the presence of recurrence in 4 patients. CONCLUSION: (18F)FDG-PET CONCLUSION: 18F-FDG-PET is a useful diagnostic tool for the detection of recurrence as well as to rule out the existence of disease with a high accuracy, in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma with ¹³¹I whole body scan negative but with pathological elevation of antithyroglobulin antibodies.

Validación del renograma con estímulo diurético inmediato / Validation of the renogram with immediate diuretic stimulus

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la fiabilidad diagnóstica del renograma con estímulo diurético a la vez que la administración de la dosis comparando dos grupos de 59 pacientes cada uno (F0 y F+10) para identificar a aquellos pacientes susceptibles de ser tratados con cirugía. Material y métodos Estudio retrospectivo de dos grupos de 59 pacientes cada uno a los que se les efectuó renograma con estímulo diurético (furosemida) por sospecha de obstrucción ureteropiélica o ureterovesical, utilizando 99mTc-mercaptoacetylglicina. En el primero se aplicó el estímulo diurético a los 600 s de la administración de la dosis del radiotrazador (F+10). En el segundo se efectuó simultáneamente a la administración de la dosis (F0). Para la interpretación se valoró el análisis visual de las imágenes, los parámetros de las curvas y el porcentaje de eliminación tras modificación con la gravedad y micción. Se realizó análisis estadístico de los datos. Resultados El renograma F+10 muestra una sensibilidad del 96,7%, especificidad del 96,1%, valor predictivo positivo del 90,6% y valor predictivo negativo del 98,6%. El renograma F0 muestra una sensibilidad del 95,2%, especificidad del 98,9%, valor predictivo positivo del 95,2% y valor predictivo negativo del 98,9%. Conclusión La realización de renograma mediante la administración de estímulo diurético al mismo tiempo que la administración del radiofármaco es un método útil y cómodo en pacientes de edad pediátrica, y no supone una merma significativa en los parámetros de eficacia de la prueba en la selección de pacientes para intervención quirúrgica(AU)

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic reliability of the renogram with diuretic stimulus simultaneously at the administration of the dose, comparing two groups of 59 patients each one (F0 and F+10), to select patients for surgery. Material and Methods This is an retrospective study about two groups of 59 patients to whom the diuretic renogram was carried out by stimulus (furosemide), by suspicion of ureteropelvic or vesicoureteral obstruction, using 99mTc-Mercaptoacetylglicine. In the first one, the study was conducted applying the diuretic stimulus 600 seconds after the administration of the dose of the radiotracer (F+10). In the second one it was carried out simultaneously to the administration (F0). For the interpretation there was used the visual analysis, the parameters of the curves and the percentage of elimination after modification by the severity and micturition. Statistical analysis of the information was made. Results The F+10 renogram shows a sensitivity of 96,7%, specificity of 96,1%, positive predictive value of 90,6%, and a negative predictive value of 98,6%. The F0 renogram shows a sensitivity of 95,2%, specificity of 98,9%, positive predictive value of 95,2%, and a negative predictive value of 98,9%. Conclusion The performance of renogram by means of the administration of diuretic stimulus at the same time as the administration of the radiotracer is a useful and comfortable method in paediatric patients, not supposing a significant wastage in the parameters of efficiency of the test in the patients selection for surgery(AU)

Adenoma tóxico como causa de hipertiroidismo en la infancia. Diagnóstico y tratamiento / Toxic adenoma as cause of hyperthyroidism in childhood. Diagnosis and treatment

El adenoma tóxico es una causa frecuente de hipertiroidismo en la edad adulta. No obstante, su baja prevalencia en la infancia hace de ésta una patología de especial interés, siendo motivo de discusión en la actitud terapéutica dado su mayor riesgo de malignidad. Describimos el caso de una paciente de 9 años de edad con una tumoración cervical anterior. En el estudio se detecta nódulo tiroideo hiperfuncionante con elevación de T3L, con diagnóstico definitivo de adenoma tóxico tiroideo en la anatomía patológica (AU)

The toxic adenoma is a common cause of hyperthyroidism in adulthood. However, its low prevalence in childhood makes it a condition of particular interest to be a matter of discussion in the therapeutic attitude due to its increased risk of malignancy. We describe the case of a 9 year-old patient with an anterior cervical tumour. The study detected thyroid nodule hiperfuncionante with elevated T3L, with a definitive diagnosis of toxic thyroid adenoma in the pathology (AU)

[Bone metastases from unknown primary. FDG-PET detection of two synchronous tumors]. / Metástasis óseas de tumor primario desconocido. Detección mediante PET-FDG de dos tumores sincrónicos.

A 60-year-old woman presented with noncardiac chest pain over months and negative laboratory findings. Conventional imaging methods and bone scintigraphy detected bone lesions suggesting metastatic disease from an unknown primary tumor. An 18FDG-PET scan performed to orient the search for the primary tumor found focal lesions suggesting lymphoma and identified a focal thyroid lesion and a cervical lymph node accessible for biopsy. The biopsy of this lymph node incidentally detected a papillary differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), since the existence of a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was confirmed after a new biopsy. After confirming the presence of a lymphoma, 18FDG-PET enabled the initial staging of the tumor, the evaluation of the response to treatment, and follow-up for detection of recurrence. On the other hand, 18FDG-PET incidentally detected a DTC.

Metástasis óseas de tumor primario desconocido. Detección mediante PET-FDG de dos tumores sincrónicos / Bone metastases from unknown primary. Fdg-pet detection of two sincronic tumors

Paciente mujer de 60 años con dolor torácico características mecánicas de meses de evolución y determinaciones analíticas dentro de la normalidad. Los estudios morfológicos y la gammagrafía ósea detectaron lesiones óseas sugestivas de afectación metastásica de un tumor de origen desconocido, por lo que se solicitó una exploración con tomografía por emisión de positrones con 2-18F-fluoruro-2-deoxi- D-glucosa (PET-FDG) con el objetivo de orientar la búsqueda del tumor primario. El estudio se informó como lesiones hipermetabólicas sugestivas de linfoma, mencionando la presencia de una lesión tiroidea hipermetabólica y de una adenopatía cervical accesible para la toma de biopsia. Dicha adenopatía detectó de forma incidental un cáncer diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) papilar, ya que posteriormente se confirmó la existencia de un linfoma no-Hodgkin tras la toma de una nueva biopsia. La PET-FDG, tras confirmar la existencia de un linfoma, permitió su estadificación inicial, así como valorar la respuesta al tratamiento y realizar su seguimiento. Por otro lado, detectó de forma incidental la existencia de un CDT

A 60-year-old woman presented with noncardiac chest pain over months and negative laboratory findings. Conventional imaging methods and bone scintigraphy detected bone lesions suggesting metastatic disease from an unknown primary tumor. An 18FDG-PET scan performed to orient the search for the primary tumor found focal lesions suggesting lymphoma and identified a focal thyroid lesion and a cervical lymph node accessible for biopsy. The biopsy of this lymph node incidentally detected a papillary differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), since the existence of a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was confirmed after a new biopsy. After confirming the presence of a lymphoma, 18FDG-PET enabled the initial staging of the tumor, the evaluation of the response to treatment, and follow-up for detection of recurrence. On the other hand, 18FDG-PET incidentally detected a DTC

Pacientes tratados por carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides con rastreos de 131I negativos y niveles de tiroglobulina elevada. Una evolución posible / Patients treated for differentiated thyroid cancer with negative 131i whole-body scanning and elevated thyroglobulin levels. A possible course

Objetivo. Constatar la existencia de pacientes con carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides (CDT) tratados que en el seguimiento presentan rastreos negativos con tiroglobulina (Tg) elevada y evolucionan hacia la normalización sin otras actuaciones terapéuticas.Material y métodos. Revisión retrospectiva de los exámenes periódicos de 725 pacientes con CDT, analizando los niveles de Tg sérica determinados con IRMA anualmente en tratamiento hormonal y cada 1-5 años en ausencia de tratamiento hormonal, previo a rastreos con 131I. Seguimiento mínimo de 2 años. Se seleccionaron y se analizaron las características de aquellos que presentaron en su evolución niveles elevadosde Tg (>3 ng/ml), rastreos negativos y otras pruebas de imagen negativas en los que se normalizó la cifra de Tg sin tratamiento médico-quirúrgico específico (grupo I), y de aquellos en los que no se normalizó la cifra de Tg (grupo II). Resultados. Se encontraron 130 pacientes (17,93 %) con niveles elevados de Tg y rastreos negativos. Grupo I: 31 pacientes (4,28 %), 11 hombres y 20 mujeres; edad media en el momento del diagnóstico de 33,4 años (rango: 5-60 años); seguimiento medio: 12,4 años (+/-7,4). Histología: 27 tumores papilares, 4 foliculares. Dosis media de ablación 3,260 GBq (88,1 mCi); dosis total media de 131I 6,850 GBq (185,13 mCi). Normalización de la Tg en una media de 8,2 años. Grupo II: 99 pacientes (13,65 %), 27 hombres y 72 mujeres; edad media de 40,4 años (rango 7-76); seguimiento medio: 9,8 años (rango 2-28 años). Histología: 86 tumores papilares y 13 tumores foliculares. Dosis media de ablación de 3,266 GBq (88,28 mCi) y dosis total media de 9,363 GBq (253,06 mCi). Dos de los pacientes del grupo I presentaron fluordesoxiglucosa-F18 (PETFDG) negativo. Se detectaron 13 pacientes en los que se constató un descenso progresivo de los niveles de Tg sin llegar a la normalización con PET-FDG negativo. Conclusiones. En pacientes con CDT irradiado, es posible la normalización diferida de los niveles de la Tg. Los tratamientos empíricos no pueden ser considerados como único factor que contribuye a este resultado

Objective. To verify the existence of patients with treated differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with negative 131I whole-body scanning (WBS) and high serum thyroglobulin (Tg) in the follow-up who evolve towards normalization without other therapy interventions. Material and methods. Retrospective revision of the periodic examinations established in the protocol for patients with DTC, analyzing the levels of Tg found with IRMA annually in those with hormonal treatment and every 1-5 years in absence of previous hormonal treatment to WBS. Minimum surveillance of 2 years. Those who had elevated levels of Tg and WBS and other negative imaging tests in their course were selected. The characteristics of the patients selected were analysed in those whose Tg levels evolved to normalization without specific medical or surgical treatment (Group I) and those who did not reach normalization of Tg (Group II). Results. A total of 130 patients (17.93 %) with high levels of Tg and negative WBS were detected. Group I: 31 patients (4.28 %), 11 men and 20 women; average age at the moment of the diagnosis of 33.4 years (rank: 5-60); average surveillance: 12.4 years (+/-7.4). Histology: 27 papillary and 4 follicular carcinoma. Average ablation dose: 3.260 GBq (88,1 mCi); average total I131 dose: 6.850 GBq (185.13 mCi). Tg normalization average time: 8.2 years. Group II: 99 patients (13.65 %), 27 men and 72 women. Average age of 40.4 years (rank: 7-76). Average surveillance: 9.8 years. Histology: 86 papillary and 13 follicular carcinoma. Average ablation dose: 3.266 GBq (88.28 mCi); average total 131I dose: 9.363 GBq (253,06 mCi). Two of the patients in group I had negative PET-FDG. There were 13 patients in whom progressive reduction of the levels of thyroglobulin without reaching normalization with negative PET-FDG was detected. Conclusions. In patients with radiated DTC, deferred normalization of the levels of the serum thyroglobulin is possible. Empirical treatments cannot be considered the only factor that contributes to this result, which can occur without the administration of high-doses of 131I

[Patients treated for differentiated thyroid cancer with negative 131I whole-body scans and elevated thyroglobulin levels: a possible course]. / Pacientes tratados por carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides con rastreos de 131I negativos y niveles de tiroglobulina elevada. Una evolución posible.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the existence of patients with treated differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with negative 131I whole-body scanning (WBS) and high serum thyroglobulin (Tg) in the follow-up who evolve towards normalization without other therapy interventions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective revision of the periodic examinations established in the protocol for patients with DTC, analyzing the levels of Tg found with IRMA annually in those with hormonal treatment and every 1-5 years in absence of previous hormonal treatment to WBS. Minimum surveillance of 2 years. Those who had elevated levels of Tg and WBS and other negative imaging tests in their course were selected. The characteristics of the patients selected were analysed in those whose Tg levels evolved to normalization without specific medical or surgical treatment (Group I) and those who did not reach normalization of Tg (Group II). RESULTS: A total of 130 patients (17.93 %) with high levels of Tg and negative WBS were detected. Group I: 31 patients (4.28 %), 11 men and 20 women; average age at the moment of the diagnosis of 33.4 years (rank: 5-60); average surveillance: 12.4 years (+/- 7.4). HISTOLOGY: 27 papillary and 4 follicular carcinoma. Average ablation dose: 3.260 GBq (88,1 mCi); average total I131 dose: 6.850 GBq (185.13 mCi). Tg normalization average time: 8.2 years. Group II: 99 patients (13.65 %), 27 men and 72 women. Average age of 40.4 years (rank: 7-76). Average surveillance: 9.8 years. HISTOLOGY: 86 papillary and 13 follicular carcinoma. Average ablation dose: 3.266 GBq (88.28 mCi); average total 131I dose: 9.363 GBq (253,06 mCi). Two of the patients in group I had negative PET-FDG. There were 13 patients in whom progressive reduction of the levels of thyroglobulin without reaching normalization with negative PET-FDG was detected. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with radiated DTC, deferred normalization of the levels of the serum thyroglobulin is possible. Empirical treatments cannot be considered the only factor that contributes to this result, which can occur without the administration of high-doses of 131I.

[F-18-fluordeoxyglucose positron emission tomography on patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who present elevated human serum thyroglobulin levels and negative I-131 whole body scan]. / PET con 18FDG en pacientes con cáncer diferenciado de tiroides que presentan niveles elevados de tiroglobulina sérica y rastreos con 131I negativos.

UNLABELLED: This study aimed to evaluate the role of Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET-FDG) in patients with elevated serum thyroglobulin (hTg) levels where thyroid cancer tissue does not concentrate radioiodine, rendering false-negative results on I-131 scanning. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Whole-body PET imaging using FDG was performed in 54 patients (37 female, 17 male) aged 17-88 years: 45 with papillary tumors and 9 with follicular tumors who were suspected of having recurrent thyroid carcinoma due to elevated thyroglobulin levels (hTg > 2 ng/ml) under thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH > or = 30 microIU/ml) in whom the iodine scan was negative. All whole body scans were obtained with diagnostic doses (185 MBq). Whole body PET imaging was performed in fasting patients following i.v. administration of 370 MBq FDG while the patients were receiving full thyroid hormone replacement. Before PET, 99mTc methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintigraphy (99mTc-MIBI) was done in 14 patients and morphologic imaging in 26 by CT scan. RESULTS: Positive PET results confirmed the presence of hypermetabolic foci in 25/54 patients (46.29 %). Positive findings were found for PET-FDG in patients with hTg levels higher than 10 ng/ml receiving full thyroid hormone replacement. 99mTc-MIBI demonstrated lesions in 7/14 patients (50 %). PET-FDG and 99mTc-MIBI had congruent positive results in 4/7 patients. All the lesions found by CT were detected by PET-FDG, while recurrent disease was found in 12/21 patients with previous negative CT. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that PET-FDG seems to be a promising tool in the follow-up of thyroid cancer and should be considered in patients suffering from differentiated thyroid cancer with suspected recurrence and/or metastases by elevated thyroglobulin levels, and negative I-131 whole body scans. PET-FDG might be more useful at hTg levels > 10 ng/ml.

Valor diagnóstico de la gammagrafía de paratiroides con 99m Tc-sestamibi en doble fase en la localización de un adenoma paratiroideo / Diagnostic value of double phase 99mTc-sestamibi parathyroid gammagraphy for the localization of a parathyroid adenoma

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[Recombinant human thyrotropin in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma]. / La TSH humana recombinante en el seguimiento de pacientes con cáncer diferenciado de tiroides.

PURPOSE: To determine the value of the use of radio-iodine scanning diagnostic and radio-iodine therapy during the follow-up of advanced differentiated thyroid cancer without stopping thyroid hormone suppression therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed 7 radio-iodine scans and 4 radioiodine therapies in 5 men and 1 woman, aged 39 to 79 years. Five patients had papillary thyroid cancer and one follicular thyroid cancer. Human recombinant thyrotropin was given intramuscularly at a dose of 0.9 mg/ml once a day for two days. Twenty-four hours after the second dose, serum thyrotropin, thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroglobulin autoantibodies were measured and each patient was given 2 mCi of 131I in postsurgery scans and 5 mCi of 131I in patients previously treated with 131I. Whole-body scans were obtained within 54 hours of injection and in the cases of diagnostic uncertainty a second scan was performed 72 hours after the injection. RESULTS: Four scans were positive and two were negative. One positive scan patient was not treated due to a serious clinical condition. An effective increase of serum TSH was observed in all 6 patients. Four patients had an effective increase of serum Tg; the other 2 cases had a decrease of serum Tg: One case was undifferentiated and in the other case the mass was smaller after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: rhTSH is an effective means of stimulating TSH levels and allowing scan and/or radioiodine treatment. rhTSH has no significant adverse effects. The use of rhTSH avoids all the disadvantages of hypothyroidism and maintains quality of life.

La TSH humana recombinante en el seguimiento de pacientes con cáncer diferenciado de tiroides / Recombinant human thyrotropin in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma

Objetivo: Estimar el valor del uso de TSH humana recombinante (rhTSH), para el rastreo y tratamiento con I 131 en pacientes con CDT avanzado, en los que se desaconseja la interrupción de toma exógena de hormonas tiroideas.Material y métodos: Se realizan 7 rastreos y 4 tratamientos con I 131, en cinco hombres y una mujer, edad de 39 a 79 años.5 con carcinoma papilar de tiroides y 1 con carcinoma folicular.Pauta de administración de rhTSH: dos inyecciones intramusculares de 0,9 mg/ml, separadas 24 horas, a las 24 horas de la segunda inyección se determina en suero TSH, Tg y AbTg y se administra dosis trazadora de I131 (2 mCi en rastreos postcirugía y 5 mCi en pacientes ya tratados con I131); realizando a las 54 horas en todos los pacientes, y a las 72 horas en caso de duda diagnóstica, rastreo de cuerpo completo e imágenes estáticas de áreas de interés, en una gammacámara de un detector, con colimador de alta energía.Resultados: 4 rastreos positivos ( +) y 2 negativos (-). Hubo 1 rastreo positivo que no recibió tratamiento por situación clínica grave. En los 6 pacientes se elevó eficazmente la TSH, la Tg lo hizo en 4. En los 2 restantes la menor producción a la esperada de Tg tras el estímulo con rhTSH se explica por desdiferenciación del tumor y por disminución de la masa tumoral tras intervención quirúrgica.Conclusiones: La rhTSH eleva eficazmente la TSH, permitiendo el rastreo y/o el tratamiento con I131. Es bien tolerada y no presenta efectos adversos significativos. Evita las molestias de la situación de hipotiroidismo en pacientes de riesgo, manteniendo su calidad de vida (AU)

[Brain scanning in children (author's transl)]. / Valoración de la gammagrafía en los tumores cerebrales de la infancia

This report is concerned with evaluation of brain scintigraphy in the detection of brain tumors in children. Brain scans have been reviewed in 309 cases and were evaluated in 182 patients; brain tumor suspicious was present in 41 childrens. True positive results were obtained in 73% of brains tumors and true negative results in 5% with other diseases. There were either false positive or false negative results in 21% of scans. Results are compared to other series reported, showing similar findings. Finally the importance of this type of investigation is stressed.