Desempeño de competencia matemática en contextos de la Educación Física en primaria / Performance of Mathematical Competence in Primary Physical Education Contexts

El objetivo de la investigación fue valorar en qué grado el recurso didáctico diseñado en el marco de la Educación Física de 4º de Primaria impulsaba el desempeño de la Competencia Matemática. La intervención didáctica estaba conformada por situaciones-problema contextualizadas en entornos de Educación Física. 68 estudiantes, a través del trabajo cooperativo tenían el reto de elaborar e implementar un plan en el que utilizando sus conocimientos matemáticos resolvieran las situaciones planteadas. Se diseñó un estudio de casos cuyos resultados fueron de naturaleza cuantitativa-cualitativa. Se recogieron datos mediante la observación participante, notas de campo, cuestionarios y entrevistas. Los resultados mostraron que el alumnado ejecutó habilidades matemáticas competenciales en niveles de desempeño medio-alto. Refuerzan estas evidencias de aprendizaje que el alumnado reconociera los contenidos matemáticos aprendidos y el papel de las matemáticas en la Educación Física. Además, el profesorado de matemáticas observó un dominio de contenidos no trabajados en el aula. (AU)

The aim of the present research was to determine to what extent the teaching resource designed in the context of Physical Education in 4th grade fostered mathematical competence development in the students. For the didactic intervention, a program was designed that presented the students with contextualized problem situations in Physical Education environments. Sixty-eight students were asked to design and implement a plan to solve the proposed situations using their mathematical knowledge and working cooperatively. A case study was designed, yielding quantitative-qualitative results. Data were collected through participant observation, field notes, questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that the students applied competence mathematical skills at medium-to-high performance levels. This learning evidence was supported by the fact that the students recognised the mathematical contents learnt and the role of mathematics in Physical Education. In addition, the mathematics teachers observed good command of content that had not been addressed in class. (AU)

Using a stated preference discrete choice experiment to assess societal value from the perspective of decision-makers in Europe. Does it work for rare diseases?

OBJECTIVES: To pilot the feasibility of using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) design to investigate individual preferences from the decision-maker perspective regarding the use of public funding for orphan drugs and generate prior information for future experimental designs. METHODS: A DCE was used on a convenience sample of participants from five European countries (England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain), exploring their preferences in distinct healthcare scenarios involving orphan drugs. A preliminary review of the empirical literature on distributive preferences informed the selection of attributes and their levels in the design. An online questionnaire was used to conduct the DCE survey. RESULTS: A total of 199 questionnaires were completed. The five country model showed relative preference for some attributes over others: cost of treatment, improvement in health, value for money and availability of treatment alternatives received the greatest attention. However, disease severity, beginning of life, waiting times and side effects were also shown to be important social values that should not be ignored. CONCLUSIONS: The findings presented in this study provide insight about the preferences that can influence decisions on orphan drugs in different countries. This study also provides valuable prior information that could inform future DCE designs in this area.

Mental disorder prevalence and associated risk factors in three prisons of Spain.

AIMS: To determine the lifetime and monthly prevalence of people with mental disorders and its association with sociodemographic factors and criminal risk in three Spanish prisons (Ocaña, Madrid I, II and VI). METHOD: Cross-sectional epidemiological study of a sample of 184 inmates. Socio-demographic and criminal data were collected by an ad hoc interview. Mental disorders were assessed with the clinical version of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). RESULTS: Life prevalence of mental disorders was 90.2%. The most common mental disorders and substance abuse or dependence was 72.3%, followed by mood disorder (38.5%) and psychotic disorders (34.2%). Moreover, the prevalence of any mental disorder in the last month was 52.2%. The main psychotic disorder (20.7%) was followed by substance abuse or dependence (18.5%), and mood disorder state (13%). A socio-demographic profile as a risk for each disorder was found. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of people with mental disorders is very high in Spanish prisons, and is associated with a distinct demographic profile. It is essential to continue researching this reality, translating the results into therapeutic and preventive action adapted to the status of inmates to reduce social inequalities in this high priority public health situation.

Breast cancer patients' narrative experiences about communication during the oncology care process: a qualitative study.

To analyse the perception about the information and communication received to evaluate oncologic care of breast cancer patients in Spain. Qualitative study based on conducting in-depth interviews. An inductive thematic analysis of the illness narratives was performed. Intentional theoretical sampling of 41 people diagnosed with breast cancer. The information provided during care process is assessed as appropriate, as it includes personalised skills focused on communication and considers organisational and contextual issues. In some cases, the information was considered partial, heterogeneous and at times contradictory, which revealed a lack of continuity. To provide and adequately cover information needs from the patient perspective, it is necessary to ensure access, both in its physical (material) and intellectual (comprehension) dimension, keeping in mind elements of social capital (social networks) and cultural capital (values, beliefs, non-verbal language) that facilitate or hinder access. The current state of transition to a horizontal model in the doctor-patient relationship, could account for the difficulties, deficits and contradictions in communication and information that breast cancer patients perceive in many contexts.

Prevalencia de trastorno mental y factores de riesgo asociados en tres prisiones de España / Mental disorder prevalence and associated risk factors in three prison of Spain

Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia vida y prevalencia mes de personas con trastorno mental y su asociación con factores de riesgo sociodemográficos y penales en tres centros penitenciarios de España (Ocaña I y II y Madrid VI). Material y Método: Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo transversal con una muestra de 184 internos. Los datos sociodemográficos y penales se recogieron mediante una entrevista ad hoc. Los trastornos mentales se evaluaron con la versión clínica de la Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Resultados: La prevalencia vida de trastorno mental fue del 90,2%, siendo los trastornos mentales más frecuentes el abuso o dependencia de sustancias (72,3%), seguidos de los trastornos del estado de ánimo (38,5%) y los trastornos psicóticos (34,2%). La prevalencia de cualquier trastorno mental en el último mes fue del 52,2%, siendo el principal trastorno el psicótico (20,7%) seguido del abuso o dependencia de sustancias (18,5%), y del trastorno del estado de ánimo (13%). Para cada uno de los trastornos se encontró un perfil sociodemográfico como factor de riesgo. Discusión: La prevalencia de las personas con trastorno mental es muy elevada en las prisiones españolas, estando asociada a un perfil sociodemográfico característico. Es esencial continuar investigando esta realidad, traduciendo los resultados en acciones de tipo terapéutico y preventivo, adaptadas al estatus de los internos para reducir las desigualdades sociales en esta situación prioritaria de Salud Pública (AU)

Aims: To determine the lifetime and monthly prevalence of people with mental disorders and its association with socio-demographic factors and criminal risk in three Spanish prisons (Ocaña, Madrid I, II and VI). Method: Cross-sectional epidemiological study of a sample of 184 inmates. Socio-demographic and criminal data were collected by an ad hoc interview. Mental disorders were assessed with the clinical version of the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Results: Life prevalence of mental disorders was 90.2%. The most common mental disorders and substance abuse or dependence was 72.3%, followed by mood disorder (38.5%) and psychotic disorders (34.2%). Moreover, the prevalence of any mental disorder in the last month was 52.2%. The main psychotic disorder (20.7%) was followed by substance abuse or dependence (18.5%), and mood disorder state (13%). A socio-demographic profile as a risk for each disorder was found. Discussion: The prevalence of people with mental disorders is very high in Spanish prisons, and is associated with a distinct demographic profile. It is essential to continue researching this reality, translating the results into therapeutic and preventive action adapted to the status of inmates to reduce social inequalities in this high priority public health situation (AU)

Respuesta a la carta del director. Sobre el artículo «Prevalencia de trastorno mental y factores de riesgo asociados en tres prisiones de España» / Response to the letter to the editor. About the «Prevalence of mental disorders and associated risk factors in three correctional facilities in Spain»

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Angiosarcoma radioinducido de mama. Dos casos de una patología infrecuente / Radiotherapy-induced breast agiosarcoma. Two cases of a rare disease

El angiosarcoma radioinducido de mama es una patología poco frecuente que se da en pacientes sometidas a radioterapia después de un proceso tumoral maligno tratado con cirugía, ya sea radical con mastectomía o conservadora. Presentamos 2 casos con diferentes características. El primero corresponde a una paciente joven sometida a cirugía conservadora, radioterapia y reconstrucción, y el segundo una paciente de edad avanzada con desarrollo de angiosarcoma sobre lecho de radioterapia preoperatoria y mastectomía. En ambos casos detallamos la actitud quirúrgica llevada a cabo de forma conjunta por los Servicios de Cirugía Plástica y Cirugía General y el tratamiento adyuvante por parte del Servicio de Oncología (AU)

Radiation-induced breast angiosarcoma is a rare disease which occurs in patients submitted to radiotherapy after a malignant tumour treated with conservative surgery or mastectomy. We report 2 cases with different characteristics. The first one is a young patient with conservative surgery, radiotherapy and reconstruction. The second case is an old patient who developed an angiosarcoma after preoperatory radiotherapy and mastectomy. In both cases, the surgical attitude by the Plastic Surgery and General Surgery is detailed, and the adjuvant treatment by Oncology (AU)

Conjunctival Melanoma: A New Clinical and Therapeutical Approach.

Melanoma involving the conjunctiva is extremely rare. Graver prognosis has been reported with primary conjunctival melanoma than with their cutaneous counterparts [Collin et al.: Aust N Z J Ophthalmol 1986;14:29-34]. Among conjunctival melanomas, two significant risk factors for tumour-related death have been identified: (i) age older than 55 years and (ii) unfavourable tumour location (caruncle, cornea, fornix, palpebral conjunctiva) [Werschnik and Lommatzsch: Am J Clin Oncol 2002;25:248-255]. Here we present a rare case of lentigo maligna involving the palpebral, bulbar conjunctiva and the caruncle. We describe dermoscopic patterns observed and the use of a novel ocular melanoma therapy with topical imiquimod.

Experiencia multidisciplinar en un Aula de Mayores en un pueblo de Toledo / Multidisciplinary experience in an Elderly Ocupational Room in a village of Toledo

El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer si existe mejoría en las capacidades cognitivas de la población de ancianos, con la asistencia a un Aula de Mayores, actividad promovida por la junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha. Esta investigación ha sido realizada en un pueblo de Toledo (Mejorada).Al hacer una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre este tema, con sorpresa hemos descubierto la mínima existencia de material científico para la elaboración de mismo, por lo que nos hemos visto en la necesidad de trasladarnos a dicha zona rural y hacer un trabajo de campo con las experiencias de esta actividad y los resultados obtenidos en el mismo. La información ha sido obtenida a través de entrevista abierta a los portavoces de los alumnos del grupo de los treinta asistentes a dicha aula. El contenido teórico y práctico del curso ha sido impartido por miembros del Equipo Multidisciplinar de Salud, entre los que destacamos la labor de nuestro colectivo, la enfermería. Concluido el trabajo, confirmamos nuestra hipótesis inicial, consistente en que los mayores aseguran tener más memoria, haber aprendido muchos hábitos saludables y la forma de cómo conocerse mejor uno mismo, entre otras cosas (AU)