ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Evidence on the efficacy of smartphone applications (apps) for reducing body weight and other measurements of adiposity sustainably is not conclusive. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of adding an app for 3 months to traditional counselling on physical activity (PA) and a heart-healthy diet for the modification of measurements of adiposity at 3 and 12 months after intervention. METHODS: This randomised clinical trial included 833 subjects. The counselling and app group (IG) had 415 subjects, while 418 were included in the counselling only group (CG). The primary outcome was adiposity measurements at 3 and 12 months after intervention. The secondary outcome was the effect of the intervention by sex. INTERVENTION: Counselling on a heart-healthy diet and PA was given to both groups. The IG also received training in the use of a smartphone app designed to promote a heart-healthy diet and PA, and this group was given access to this application for 3 months. Outcome measurements included waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and Clínica Universidad de Navarra - body adiposity estimator (CUN-BAE). RESULTS: In the IG at 12 months, the following decreased: WC -0.72 cm (95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.35 to -0.02) and CUN-BAE -0.35 (95% CI: -0.63 to -0.06). These decreases were only observed in women. After baseline adjustment, the beneficial effect was maintained in the IG compared to the CG at 12 months in terms of WC (-0.67; 95% CI: -0.29 to -0.02) and CUN-BAE (-0.57; 95% CI: -1.10 to -0.04), but only in women. CONCLUSIONS: An intervention of nutritional counselling and PA plus the smartphone app with personalised recommendations compared to CG showed beneficial results in terms of reduction of abdominal obesity and the percentage of body fat in women, but not in men.
Subject(s)
Adiposity/physiology , Counseling/methods , Obesity, Abdominal/prevention & control , Patient Education as Topic/methods , Smartphone , Telemedicine/methods , Weight Loss/physiology , Adult , Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We conducted a study to explore the relationship between television viewing time and central hemodynamic parameters and the radial augmentation index (AIx) in adults. METHODS: Random sampling was used to select 732 individuals who attended primary-care centers as subjects for the study. The self-reported time that these individuals spent in viewing television was elicited with a questionnaire and included the number of hours that they spent watching television while sitting or lying down. The subjects' physical activity was estimated through accelerometers attached to their waists. Central hemodynamic parameters and the peripheral augmentation index adjusted for a heart rate of 75 bpm (PAIx75) were measured with pulse-wave application software (A-Pulse CASP). RESULTS: The subjects' systolic blood pressure (SBP) (central and peripheral), pulse pressure, and radial AIx showed significant differences between tertiles of television viewing time, with the lowest values in the first tertile (P < 0.01). After adjustment for age and sex, a multiple linear regression analysis showed an association of television viewing time with office SBP. Although the association of television viewing time with central SBP followed the same trend as for office BP, it did not reach statistical significance. After adjustment for age, sex, waist-to-height ratio, physical activity reflected by accelerometer data (counts/min), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, antihypertensive and antidiabetic medication, and the use of lipid-lowering drugs, an increase in PAIx75 of 0.22 was estimated for each hour of increase in television viewing time (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Television viewing time was directly correlated with PAIx75 in an adult population. This correlation was maintained even after adjustment for physical activity, age, sex, and other cardiovascular risk factors.
Subject(s)
Hemodynamics/physiology , Radial Artery/physiology , Sedentary Behavior , Television , Vascular Stiffness , Adult , Aged , Blood Pressure , Cholesterol, HDL , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exercise/physiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , RecreationABSTRACT
Objetivo: El Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool (BPAAT) y General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) son instrumentos breves y válidos para identificar pacientes «físicamente inactivos» en consulta. Este estudio evalúa la fiabilidad y validez de su versión catalana (CBPAAT-CGPPAQ) y española (CBPAAT-EGPPAQ) ante la inexistencia de instrumentos similares validados en nuestro medio. Diseño: Evaluación psicométrica de la adaptación cultural y lingüística al catalán/español de 2 instrumentos de medida. Emplazamiento: centros de atención primaria. Participantes: La carga de administración de los cuestionarios se evaluó en 7 profesionales sanitarios y 44 pacientes. Su validez de constructo y fiabilidad test-retest se evaluó en 105 pacientes (58 años±20; 37% hombres) sin contraindicaciones para hacer actividad física (AF). Mediciones principales: Después de efectuar la traducción directa e inversa, la validez de constructo midió el grado de acuerdo de dichas versiones con el Cuestionario Internacional de AF (IPAQ) versión corta. La fiabilidad test-retest se evaluó repitiendo el cuestionario en un intervalo de 14-28 días. Resultados: El CBPAAT-EBPAAT mostró un grado de acuerdo moderado con el IPAQ coincidiendo en un 80 y 83% de los casos «inactivos». Presentaron una buena fiabilidad test-retest, coincidiendo en un 86 y un 88% de la clasificación. El CGPPAQ-EGPPAQ mostró un grado de acuerdo moderado con el IPAQ, coincidiendo en un 70 y 60% de los casos «inactivos». Presentaron una buena fiabilidad test-retest, coincidiendo en la clasificación de un 82 y 72% de los casos. Conclusiones: El CBPAAT-CGPPAQ y EBPAAT-EGPPAQ presentan una validez aceptable para identificar en consulta a pacientes físicamente inactivos(AU)
Objective: The Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool (BPAAT) and the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) are valid and reliable assessment tools to identify "inactive" patients in primary care. No similar tools exist for the Spanish population. The study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Catalan and Spanish versions (CBPAAT-CGPPAQ; CBPAAT-EGPPAQ) of such tools. Design: Validation study of the linguistic and cultural adaptation of two questionnaires into Catalan/Spanish. Setting: Centres of Primary Care. Participants: The load for administering the questionnaires was evaluated by 7 general practitioners and 44 patients. Construct validity and reliability was assessed in 105 patients (58 years old±20; 37% men) without any contraindication for physical activity (PA). Main variables: After carrying out the translation and back-translation, construct validity was assessed against the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ short form). Reliability was assessed administering the questionnaires again within 14 to 28 days. Results: The validity of the CBPAAT-EBPAAT showed a moderate percentage agreement, correctly classifying over 80% and 83% of the "inactive" cases. Reliability was also good, correctly classifying over 86% and 88% of the cases. The validity of the CGPPAQ-EGPPAQ showed a moderate percentage agreement, correctly classifying over 70% and 60% of the "inactive" cases. Reliability was good, correctly classifying over 82% and 72% of the cases. Conclusions: The CBPAAT-CGPPAQ and EBPAAT-EGPPAQ are valid instruments to identify "inactive" patients that should receive advice on PA(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Reproducibility of Results , Motor Activity , Primary Health Care , Psychometrics/methods , Psychometrics/trends , Motor Activity/physiology , Reproducibility of Results/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires , Psychomotor Performance/physiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool (BPAAT) and the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) are valid and reliable assessment tools to identify "inactive" patients in primary care. No similar tools exist for the Spanish population. The study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Catalan and Spanish versions (CBPAAT-CGPPAQ; CBPAAT-EGPPAQ) of such tools. DESIGN: Validation study of the linguistic and cultural adaptation of two questionnaires into Catalan/Spanish. SETTING: Centres of Primary Care. PARTICIPANTS: The load for administering the questionnaires was evaluated by 7 general practitioners and 44 patients. Construct validity and reliability was assessed in 105 patients (58 years old±20; 37% men) without any contraindication for physical activity (PA). MAIN VARIABLES: After carrying out the translation and back-translation, construct validity was assessed against the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ short form). Reliability was assessed administering the questionnaires again within 14 to 28 days. RESULTS: The validity of the CBPAAT-EBPAAT showed a moderate percentage agreement, correctly classifying over 80% and 83% of the "inactive" cases. Reliability was also good, correctly classifying over 86% and 88% of the cases. The validity of the CGPPAQ-EGPPAQ showed a moderate percentage agreement, correctly classifying over 70% and 60% of the "inactive" cases. Reliability was good, correctly classifying over 82% and 72% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: The CBPAAT-CGPPAQ and EBPAAT-EGPPAQ are valid instruments to identify "inactive" patients that should receive advice on PA.
Subject(s)
Motor Activity , Primary Health Care , Sedentary Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cultural Characteristics , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , TranslationsABSTRACT
Although being sedentary is recognized as the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor in industrialized societies, health measures tend to concentrate on secondary and tertiary prevention methods, using pharmacological curative measures instead of favoring methods of primary prevention by means of promoting healthy lifestyles. This article hits on the essentials to promote physical exercise by our patients.
Subject(s)
Exercise , Health Promotion , Humans , Primary Health CareABSTRACT
Aunque el sedentarismo se reconoce como el factor de riesgo cardiovascular más prevalente en las sociedades industrializadas, los recursos sanitarios suelen centrarse en aspectos de prevención secundaria y terciaria, con abordajes farmacológicos, en lugar de favorecer las intervenciones en prevención primaria mediante la promoción de estilos de vida saludables. El artículo aborda lo esencial para promover la práctica de ejercicio entre nuestros pacientes
Although being sedentary is recognized as the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor in industrialized societies, health measures tend to concentrate on secondary and tertiary prevention methods, using pharmacological curative measures instead of favoring methods of primary prevention by means of promoting healthy lifestyles. This article hits on the essentials to promote physical exercise by our patients
