Methotrexate delayed wound healing of a pyogenic granuloma in a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis / Metotrexato atrasou a cicatrização de um granuloma piogênico em criança com artrite idiopática juvenil

A nine-year-old girl with of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in use of methotrexate complained of a self-bleeding ulcerated lesion exhibiting a red surface in the lower lip. Pyogenic granuloma was confirmed by histopathological analysis. After the 7th and 15th days, the lip where biopsy had been done exhibited a deficient healing. The case was discussed with the physician for temporary suspension of methotrexate. Complete wound healing of the biopsied site occurred after temporary interruption of the medication. Wound healing after methotrexate temporary suspension allowed concluding that the drug delayed surgical wound healing was a consequence of drug cytotoxicity. (AU)

Uma menina de nove anos de idade com artrite idiopática juvenil (AIJ) em uso de metotrexato queixou-se de lesão ulcerada com sangramento espontâneo que exibia superfície avermelhada em lábio inferior. O granuloma piogênico foi confirmado pelo exame histopatológico. Após o 7º e 15º dias, a região do lábio onde a biópsia foi realizada exibiu cicatrização deficiente. O caso foi discutido com o médico e foi realizada a suspensão temporária do metotrexato que resultou em cicatrização completa. A cicatrização da ferida após a suspensão temporária do metotrexato permitiu concluir que o medicamento retardou a cicatrização da ferida cirúrgica como consequência da citotoxicidade da droga. (AU)

Expression pattern of claudins 1 and 3-an auxiliary tool in predicting behavior of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

Claudins (CLDNs) are a family of membrane proteins important for permeability of tight junctions. They have also been implicated in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. We analyzed patterns of distribution and intensity of expression of CLDNs 1, 3, 4, and 7 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of salivary gland in 39 patients. Correlations between the expression of CLDNs, tumor grade, and survival were explored. In immunohistochemical analysis, high expression of CLDN 1 was seen in low-grade MEC, and it appeared to be a suitable auxiliary marker of good prognosis. It classified MEC similarly to histological grading in 89.7% of cases (p = 0.001). High CLDN 3 expression was seen in intermediate- and high-grade MEC, while it was low in low-grade MEC. CLDN 3 intensity correctly categorized tumors into grades in 71.8% of cases (p = 0.017). However, in multivariate analysis CLDN 1 and CLDN 3 did not achieve significance over tumor grade in predicting patient behavior. We conclude that analysis of staining intensities of CLDN 1 and 3 is useful as an auxiliary diagnostic and prognostic tool in patients with salivary gland MEC.

Oral lichen planus versus epithelial dysplasia: difficulties in diagnosis.

UNLABELLED: Histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus is not easy since some cases of epithelial dysplasia may present traits which are very similar to those from lichen planus. AIM: to compare cell alterations which suggest malignancy present in oral lichen planus with those from epithelial dysplasia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: histological cross-sections of oral lichen planus and dysplasia, dyed by hematoxylin-eosin, were analyzed by means of light microscopy. RESULTS: variance analysis (alpha=5%) revealed a statistically significant difference between the average number of cell alterations in the lichen planus (5.83 + or - 1.61) and epithelial dysplasia (4.46 + or - 1.26). The chi-squared test did not show statistically significant differences between oral lichen planus and epithelial dysplasia in relation to the following cell alterations: increase in nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, nuclear hyperchromatism, irregular chromatin distribution and enlarged nuclei (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Some cell alterations which suggest malignancy present in the oral lichen planus may also be found in epithelial dysplasia, impairing its diagnosis and, consequently, stressing the importance of following these patients in the long run.

Comparative analysis of cell proliferation ratio in oral lichen planus, epithelialdysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma

Background: Although oral lichen planus has been classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a potentiallymalignant disorder, such classification is still the target of much controversy. Aim: To evaluate the cellproliferation rate in oral lichen planus, comparing it to the rate observed in epithelial dysplasia and oral squamouscell carcinoma, aiming at indications which might indicate the potential for malignant transformation . Materialand Methods: Twenty-four cases of each lesion were submitted to the streptoavidin-biotin and AgNOR techniqueto evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PCNA and the mean NORs/nucleus, respectively. Results:Positivity for PCNA was observed in 58.33% of oral lichen planus cases, 83.33% of epithelial dysplasia casesand 91.67% of oral squamous cell carcinoma cases. Chi-squared test showed that the number of positive cases forPCNA was significantly lower in oral lichen planus than in oral squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.05). No significantstatistical difference between oral lichen planus and epithelial dysplasia (p>0.05) and between the epithelial dysplasiaand oral squamous cell carcinoma (p>0.05) was observed. The mean NORs/nucleus in oral lichen planus,epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma were 1.74±0.32, 2.42±0.62 e 2.41±0.61, respectively. Varianceanalysis (ANOVA) revealed significant statistical difference between oral lichen planus and the other studiedlesions (p<0.05). Conclusion: Oral lichen planus cell proliferation rate was less than in oral epithelial dysplasia andoral squamous cell carcinoma which might explain the lower malignant transformation rate (AU)

Oral lichen planus versus epithelial dysplasia: difficulties in diagnosis / Líquen plano bucal versus displasia epitelial: dificuldades diagnósticas

Histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus is not easy since some cases of epithelial dysplasia may present traits which are very similar to those from lichen planus. AIM: to compare cell alterations which suggest malignancy present in oral lichen planus with those from epithelial dysplasia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: histological cross-sections of oral lichen planus and dysplasia, dyed by hematoxylin-eosin, were analyzed by means of light microscopy. RESULTS: variance analysis (alpha=5 percent) revealed a statistically significant difference between the average number of cell alterations in the lichen planus (5.83±1.61) and epithelial dysplasia (4.46±1.26). The chi-squared test did not show statistically significant differences between oral lichen planus and epithelial dysplasia in relation to the following cell alterations: increase in nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, nuclear hyperchromatism, irregular chromatin distribution and enlarged nuclei (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Some cell alterations which suggest malignancy present in the oral lichen planus may also be found in epithelial dysplasia, impairing its diagnosis and, consequently, stressing the importance of following these patients in the long run.

O diagnóstico histopatológico do líquen plano bucal não é fácil, pois alguns casos de displasia epitelial podem apresentar características bastante semelhantes às do líquen plano. OBJETIVO: Comparar as alterações celulares sugestivas de malignidade presentes no líquen plano bucal com as da displasia epitelial. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Cortes histológicos de líquen plano bucal e displasia, corados com hematoxilina-eosina, foram analisados por meio da microscopia de luz. RESULTADOS: A análise de variância (alfa=5 por cento) revelou haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre o número médio de alterações celulares no líquen plano bucal (5,83±1,61) e na displasia epitelial (4,46±1,26). O teste de qui-quadrado não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre o líquen plano bucal e a displasia epitelial em relação às seguintes alterações celulares: aumento da relação núcleo/citoplasma, hipercromatismo nuclear, distribuição irregular da cromatina e núcleos aumentados (p>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Algumas alterações celulares sugestivas de malignidade presentes no líquen plano bucal também podem ser encontradas na displasia epitelial, dificultando o seu diagnóstico e, consequentemente enfatizando a importância do acompanhamento a longo prazo dos pacientes com a doença.

Comparative analysis of the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p53, bax, and bcl-2 in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Several epidemiologic studies have shown the malignant transformation potential of oral lichen planus; however, this potential is subject of much controversy. To evaluate the expression of proteins related to the cell proliferation and apoptosis processes in oral lichen planus, we compared oral lichen planus with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Twenty-four cases of each lesion were submitted according to streptavidin-biotin technique to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p53, bax, and bcl-2 proteins. chi(2) test showed no statistically significant differences between the expression of p53, bax, and bcl-2 in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma (P > .05). However, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was significantly lower in oral lichen planus than in oral squamous cell carcinoma (P < .05). No statistically significant differences between the expression of p53, bax, and bcl-2 in oral lichen planus and oral squamous cell carcinoma were observed, which may be an evidence of the potential of malignant transformation of oral lichen planus.

Comparative analysis of cell proliferation ratio in oral lichen planus, epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Although oral lichen planus has been classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a potentially malignant disorder, such classification is still the target of much controversy. AIM: To evaluate the cell proliferation rate in oral lichen planus, comparing it to the rate observed in epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma, aiming at indications which might indicate the potential for malignant transformation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four cases of each lesion were submitted to the streptoavidin-biotin and AgNOR technique to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PCNA and the mean NORs/nucleus, respectively. RESULTS: Positivity for PCNA was observed in 58.33% of oral lichen planus cases, 83.33% of epithelial dysplasia cases and 91.67% of oral squamous cell carcinoma cases. Chi-squared test showed that the number of positive cases for PCNA was significantly lower in oral lichen planus than in oral squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.05). No significant statistical difference between oral lichen planus and epithelial dysplasia (p>0.05) and between the epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (p>0.05) was observed. The mean NORs/nucleus in oral lichen planus, epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma were 1.74+/-0.32, 2.42+/-0.62 e 2.41+/-0.61, respectively. Variance analysis (ANOVA) revealed significant statistical difference between oral lichen planus and the other studied lesions (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Oral lichen planus cell proliferation rate was less than in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma which might explain the lower malignant transformation rate.

Prescrição medicamentosa em odontopediatria / Drugs prescription in pediatric dentistry

A inadequada prescrição de medicamentos na clínica odontológica pediátrica deve-se, principalmente, ao escasso conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas a respeito da farmacologia e da terapêutica. A falta de informação adequada do cirurgião-dentista acerca de indicação, formas de administração, posologia e efeitos adversos dos medicamentos em crianças pode, muitas vezes, excluí-las dos benefícios de certos fármacos que são reconhecidamente úteis em pacientes adultos. Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar a literatura, abordando de maneira simples, a farmacodinâmica e a farmacocinética dos principais medicamentos utilizados na Odontopediatria, além de orientar o cirurgião-dentista acerca de como obter sucesso no tratamento farmacológico. Concluiu-se que, para se obter tal sucesso, a responsabilidade com o esquema terapêutico deve envolver cirurgião-dentista, pais e criança.

The inadequate drugs prescription in the daily pediatric dentistry clinic is normally close related to the dentists deficiency concerning to the pharmacological and therapeutical basic mechanisms. The lack of a correct information about drugs indications, ways of administrations, dosages and side effects in pediatric group leads to exclude them of the real benefits of those medicines admittedly useful in adults patients. The aim of this paper was to review the literature, elucidating, in a simple manner, the pharmacodynamical and the pharmacokinetic basis of the main pediatric medicines, besides of guiding the dentist to achieved a safely pharmacological success during the routine treatments. It was concluded that, in order to obtain high-quality results, not only the dentist, but also parents and children must be involved in the treatment.

Comparative study of cell alterations in oral lichen planus and epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth mucosa.

UNLABELLED: Currently, much is discussed regarding the pre-malignant nature of mouth mucosa lichen planus. AIM: The present study aims at analyzing the alterations found in the epithelial cells present in the oral cavity lichen planus, comparing them to those found in epidermoid carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Histological cross-sections of oral lichen planus and epidermoid carcinoma, dyed by hematoxylineosin, were analyzed through light microscopy. RESULT: The most frequently found alterations in oral lichen planus were: an increase in the nucleus/cytoplasm relation (93.33%), nucleus membrane thickness (86.67%) and bi-nucleus or multinucleous (86.67%). The Student t test (alpha=5%) revealed a statistically significant difference between the average number of cell alterations in oral lichen planus (5.87+/-1.57) and in epidermoid carcinoma (7.60+/-1.81). As to the types of alterations, the chi-squared test also revealed statistically significant differences among the lesions assessed in relation to the following cell alterations: nuclear excess chromatism, atypical mitoses, cellular pleomorphism and abnormal cell differentiation (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Despite the fact that in some cases, some pathologists may make mistakes in the histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus, the results obtained in this study show that the alterations present in oral lichen planus differ considerably from those seen in epidermoid carcinoma, thus showing how distinct these two diseases are.

Congenital ranula: a case report.

The purpose of this study was to report a case of bilateral swelling on the floor of the mouth of a 7-month-old patient. The lesion was congenital and had started to cause feeding problems. After the clinical diagnosis of ranula was made, the lesion was marsupialized. The obtained specimen was submitted for histopathological examination, which revealed an epithelial-lined cystic lesion. These results led to the final diagnosis of mucus retention cyst. After an 8-year follow-up period, the patient is in good general health with no recurrences.

Estudo comparativo das alterações celulares no líquen plano e no carcinoma epidermóide bucal / Comparative study of cell alterations in oral lichen planus and epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth mucosa

Atualmente, muito se discute a respeito da natureza pré-maligna do líquen plano bucal. OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as alterações das células epiteliais presentes no líquen plano bucal, comparando-as com aquelas observadas no carcinoma epidermóide. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Cortes histológicos de líquen plano bucal e carcinoma epidermóide, corados com hematoxilina-eosina, foram analisados por meio da microscopia de luz. RESULTADO: As alterações mais frequentemente observadas no líquen plano bucal foram aumento da relação núcleo/citoplasma (93,33 por cento), espessamento da membrana nuclear (86,67 por cento) e bi-ou multinucleação (86,67 por cento). O teste t de Student (alfa=5 por cento) revelou haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre o número médio de alterações celulares no líquen plano bucal (5,87±1,57) e no carcinoma epidermóide (7,60±1,81). Quanto aos tipos de alterações, o teste de qui-quadrado também revelou haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre as lesões avaliadas em relação às seguintes alterações celulares: hipercromatismo nuclear, mitoses atípicas, pleomorfismo celular e diferenciação celular anormal (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de que, em alguns casos, alguns patologistas possam fazer confusão no diagnóstico histopatológico do líquen plano bucal, os resultados obtidos neste estudo mostram que as alterações presentes no líquen plano bucal diferem consideravelmente daquelas observadas no carcinoma epidermóide, evidenciando o quão distintas são estas duas doenças.

Currently, much is discussed regarding the pre-malignant nature of mouth mucosa lichen planus. AIM: The present study aims at analyzing the alterations found in the epithelial cells present in the oral cavity lichen planus, comparing them to those found in epidermoid carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Histological cross-sections of oral lichen planus and epidermoid carcinoma, dyed by hematoxylineosin, were analyzed through light microscopy. RESULT: the most frequently found alterations in oral lichen planus were: an increase in the nucleus/cytoplasm relation (93.33 percent), nucleus membrane thickness (86.67 percent) and bi-nucleus or multinucleous (86.67 percent). The Student t test (alpha=5 percent) revealed a statistically significant difference between the average number of cell alterations in oral lichen planus (5.87±1.57) and in epidermoid carcinoma (7.60±1.81). As to the types of alterations, the chi-squared test also revealed statistically significant differences among the lesions assessed in relation to the following cell alterations: nuclear excess chromatism, atypical mitoses, cellular pleomorphism and abnormal cell differentiation (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Despite the fact that in some cases, some pathologists may make mistakes in the histopathological diagnosis of oral lichen planus, the results obtained in this study show that the alterations present in oral lichen planus differ considerably from those seen in epidermoid carcinoma, thus showing how distinct these two diseases are.

Oral lichen planus: clinical and histopathological considerations.

UNLABELLED: Oral lichen planus is one of the most common dermatological diseases presenting in the oral cavity; the prevalence in the general population is 1% to 2%. Although relatively frequent, oral lichen planus is the target of much controversy, especially in relation to its potential for malignancy. AIM: This study aimed to make clinical and histopathological considerations regarding oral lichen planus to increase the level of knowledge about this condition among health professionals, underlining the importance of long-term follow-up of these patients. CONCLUSION: The possibility of this lesion to turn malignant justifies the importance of long term follow up for patients with such disease.

Chemical carcinogenesis in rat (Rattus norvegicus) submandibularGland using DMBA

Objective: This paper aims to investigate the neoplasms produced after the injection of 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzantracene (DMBA) in rat submandibular glands. Material and Methods: Twenty eight 3-month old male rats (Rattus norvegicus), approximate weight of 300g, were used. The animals were divided into four groups of seven subjects each. After anesthesia and proper preparation, all animals were injected with 0.1ml of 2% DMBA in the left submandibular gland. By the end of the fifth, tenth, fifteenth and twentieth weeks, the animals were sacrificed by lethal doses of anesthetics. Results: The results in the fifth week presented seven cases of chronic sialadenitis. After ten weeks, one case of ductal cell atypia was evident, along with two cases of squamous cell carcinoma and four cases of chronic sialadenitis. Between the fifteenth and twentieth weeks, the cases were diagnosed as follows: three cases of hyperemia; three cases of squamous cell carcinoma; one case of sarcoma and seven cases of carcinosarcomas. Conclusions: This study allowed the investigation of glandular carcinogenesis after DMBA injection, from the beginning of inflammatory changes to the neoplastic manifestation of tumors. Salivary carcinogenesis can provide beneficial material for the study of rare human salivary gland neoplasms like sarcomas, carcinomas and carcinosarcomas.

Líquen plano bucal: considerações clínicas e histopatológicas: [revisão] / Oral lichen planus: clinical and histopathological considerations: [review]

O líquen plano é uma das doenças dermatológicas mais comuns que acometem a cavidade bucal, com prevalência de 1 por cento a 2 por cento na população geral. Contudo, apesar de relativamente freqüente, o líquen plano bucal é alvo de muita controvérsia, especialmente em relação ao seu potencial de malignização. OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo tecer considerações clínicas e histopatológicas a respeito do líquen plano bucal, favorecendo seu entendimento por parte dos profissionais da saúde e, conseqüentemente, reforçando a importância do acompanhamento a longo prazo dos pacientes acometidos pela doença. CONCLUSÃO: A possibilidade da lesão sofrer transformação maligna justifica a importância do acompanhamento a longo prazo dos pacientes com a doença.

Oral lichen planus is one of the most common dermatological diseases presenting in the oral cavity; the prevalence in the general population is 1 percent to 2 percent. Although relatively frequent, oral lichen planus is the target of much controversy, especially in relation to its potential for malignancy. AIM: This study aimed to make clinical and histopathological considerations regarding oral lichen planus to increase the level of knowledge about this condition among health professionals, underlining the importance of long-term follow-up of these patients. CONCLUSION: The possibility of this lesion to turn malignant justifies the importance of long term follow up for patients with such disease.

Carcinoma epidermoide em mucosa bucal: um breve levantamento / Squamous cell carcinoma in mouth mucosa: a short survey

O câncer bucal é um problema de saúde pública em muitos países, inclusive no Brasil. Todavia, a prevenção e o diagnóstico precoce continuam sendo as formas mais eficazes de combate ao câncer. Traçar um perfil dos casos de carcinoma epidermoide na cidade de São José dos Campos, SP. Foram levantados todos os laudos emitidos no período de 1972 a 2004, sendo que desses, apenas 224 continham o diagnóstico de interesse. A seguir, foram coletados os dados referentes ao sexo, à raça, à idade e à localização da lesão primária. Estes foram, então, tabulados e analisados, utilizando-se da estatística descritiva. Quanto ao sexo, observou-se uma forte predileção pelo masculino (80,4%), o mesmo acontecendo em relação à raça branca (74,6%). Já a respeito da idade dos pacientes no momento do diagnóstico, 86,2% estavam entre a quinta e a oitava década de vida. Neste estudo, também se pode notar que a língua foi a região mais acometida, com 22,8% dos casos, seguida do lábio inferior, 19,7%, e do soalho bucal, 14,3%. O padrão epidemiológico apresentado pelo câncer bucal na cidade de São José dos Campos, SP e região não difere daquele observado no restante do Brasil.

Oral cancer is a public health issue in many countries, including Brazil. Thus, prevention and early diagnosis still remain as the most effective ways to combat cancer. The present study aimed to obtain a profile of squamous cell carcinoma cases in the city of São José dos Campos. All case files from 1972 to 2004 were analyzed and only 224 had the diagnosis of interest. Data regarding gender, race, age and location of the primary lesion were tabled and analyzed, using descriptive statistics. Regarding gender, a strong occurrence in males (80.4% of the cases) was observed, the same regarding white race (74.6%). In regards to age, 86.2% of the patients were between the fifth and eighth decade of life at the moment of the diagnosis. In this study, is was also noticeable that tongue was the most affected region, with 22.8% of the cases, followed by inferior lip (19.7%) and mouth floor (14.3%). The epidemiological pattern presented by oral cancer in the city of São José dos Campos does not differ from the one observed in the other parts of Brazil.

Recurrent ameloblastoma after 33 years of hemimandibulectomy: case report

Ameloblastomas are benign odontogenic tumors that exhibit a local malign behavior. Case report: A recurrence of an ameloblastoma occurring after 33 years of emimandibulectomy in a 69-year-old woman is reported. The tumor arose as a painless mass. Clinical exam showed a lesion placed in the right third molar region. The right mandible was absent from the bicuspid area to the condyle in radiography and computed tomography. After excision, microscopic features diagnosed an ameloblastoma. The patient is under close follow-up and shows no recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: Despite the radical initial treatment, the tumor showed an uncommon behavior and recurred.

Radiação ultravioleta e carcinogênese / Ultraviolet radiation and carcinogenesis

A radiação solar é inegavelmente o principal fator de risco para o aparecimento de câncer de pele, e os indivíduos de pele branca são mais predispostos ao desenvolvimento destas neoplasias. Exposição solar persistente é o fator ambiental que mais contribui para a ocorrência de alterações clínicas e histológicas na epiderme. A pele, quando exposta cronicamente à irradiação solar, sofre transformações que levam ao surgimento de rugas, aspereza, ressecamento, teleangectasias, pigmentação irregular e uma variedade de lesões que podem ser benignas, pré-malignas ou malignas. O processo da carcinogênese é composto por múltiplos fatores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi revisar estes fatores e reforçar a importância da prevenção do câncer de pele com o usode bloqueadores solares e a não exposição prolongada aos raios ultravioleta

The basic causative factor of skin cancer is sunlight and fair-skinned people are more prone to develop this neoplasm. Repeated solar exposure is the major environmental insult that contributes to clinical and histological epidermal changes. Chronic exposure to sunlight results in skin damages with the onset of wrinkles, harshness, dryness, telangiectases, irregular pigmentation and a variety of lesions that can be benign, precancerous or malignant. The carcinogenic process consists of multiple factors. The purpose of this paper was to review these factors and reinforce the importance of preventing skin cancer by using sunscreens and avoiding prolonged exposure to ultraviolet light

Queratocisto odontogênico: um estudo restrospectivo / Odontogenic keratocysts: retrospective study

O presente estudo tem como objetivo levantar os casos de queratocisto odontogêncio diagnosticado pelo Serviço de Patologia Cirúrgica da Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), no período de 1977 a 2004. Neste período foram avaliados 61 casos, média de 2,18 caso/ano. Não se observou predileção por gênero. Quanto à raça, notou-se uma maior predileção por indivíduos da raça branca (77,05%). Dos casos diagnosticados, 85,25% ocorreram entre a segunda e quinta décadas de vida, com média de 26,28 anos para os homens e 34,06 anos para as mulheres. A mandíbula foi acometida em 77,05% dos casos, sendo quatro localizados na região anterior, 14 na região de premolares e molares, e 23 na região posterior. Na maxila foram diagnosticadas 14 lesões, quatro na região anterior e quatro na região de premolares e molares e um na região do túber. Houve correlação positiva entre o diagnóstico clínico e o histopatológico em 54,10% dos casos, mostrando que as características clínicas e radiográficas são bastante sugestivas. Conclui-se que as lesões avaliadas apresentaram características de localização e incidência semelhantes às descritas na literatura. Contudo, foi verificada, em nossa amostra, uma maior predileção pela raça branca.

O papel das MMP-2 no desenvolvimento do carcinoma epidermóide / The role of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the development of squamous cells carcinoma

No carcinoma epidermóide, os processos de invasão e metástase são regulados por um complexo sistema dependente da interação entre as células neoplásicas e as células estromais hospedeiras. Esses processos ocorrem como consequência à degradação da membrana basal e da matriz extracelular por diversas enzimas, dentre as quais as metaloproteinases da matriz (MMP) apresentam destaque. Essas são enzimas zinco-dependentes, pouco expressas em tecidos normais e substancialmente aumentadas na maioria das neoplasias malignas. Dentre todas as MMP conhecidas, as MMP-2 e -9 (gelatinases) têm sido consistentemente associadas com a agressividade, o potencial metastático e o prognóstico desfavorável das neoplasias malignas. As gelatinases desempenham um papel fundamental no processo da carcinogênese, pois degradam principalmente colágeno tipo IV, componente fundamental da membrana basal, participando do processo de invasão do estroma e invasão dos vasos sanguíneos, processo fundamental para a metástase. Portanto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão dos aspectos gerais das MMP, abordando principalmente as MMP-2 e -9, bem como suas relações com o desenvolvimento do carcinoma epidermóide, buscando as possibilidades de prevenção e tratamento.

Perfil epidemiológico dos casos de líquen plano oral pertencentes aos arquivos da disciplina de patologia bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos û UNESP / Oral lichen planus cases epidemic profile from Oral Pathology Discipline from FOSJC û UNESP

O líquen plano é a mais comum das doenças dermatológicas com manifestações bucais, acometendo de 0,02 a 1,2% da população. Devido a essa elevada prevalência, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo traçar um perfil dos pacientes acometidos pelo líquen plano oral, a partir dos casos pertencentes aos arquivos da Patologia Cirúrgica da FOSJC û UNESP no período de 1974 a 2003.