ABSTRACT
Fundamento y objetivo: Evaluar los factores predictivos de éxito del tratamiento telefónico del tabaquismo. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional realizado en el contexto de la práctica clínica en una Unidad de Tabaquismo. Programa de tratamiento por teléfono durante 3 meses y seguimiento hasta los seis meses. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, de dependencia y comorbilidad, y como variable principal la abstinencia continua a las 24 semanas. Resultados: Se incluyeron 743 sujetos (43% varones y 57% mujeres), con edad media (DE) de 41,9 (9,8) años. La abstinencia continua fue del 37,3% (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%] 34,9-40,0). El modelo multivariable mostró tres variables con valor predictivo: no padecer trastorno psiquiátrico, vivir en pareja y el primer ítem del test de Fagerström. Conclusiones: El resultado del programa de tratamiento estuvo condicionado por las siguientes variables del fumador: la dependencia a la nicotina, la patología psiquiátrica y el soporte social (AU)
Background and objective: To identify the predictors of successful outcome in a telephone smoking cessation program. Patients and methods: Observational study in the context of clinical practice in a smoking cessation clinic. The smoking cessation program was carried out by phone over a period of 3 months and follow-up for 6 months. Sociodemographic variables were analyzed, dependence, and comorbidity and the main variable was continuous abstinence at 24 weeks. Results: 743 smokers, 43% male and 57% female, mean (SD) age: 41.9 (9.8) years. The continuous abstinence rate at 24 weeks was 37.3% (IC 95% 34.9-40.0).The multivariable model showed three variables with predictive value: no current psychiatric diagnosis, social support and the first item of Fagerström test (time to first cigarette in the morning). Conclusions: Treatment outcomes of this smoking cessation program was influenced by the following variables: nicotine dependence, psychiatric disorders and social support (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Smoking/therapy , Tobacco Use Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Social Support , Telephone , Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control , Follow-Up Studies , Comorbidity , Behavior, Addictive/therapyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To identify the predictors of successful outcome in a telephone smoking cessation program. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational study in the context of clinical practice in a smoking cessation clinic. The smoking cessation program was carried out by phone over a period of 3 months and follow-up for 6 months. Sociodemographic variables were analyzed, dependence, and comorbidity and the main variable was continuous abstinence at 24 weeks. RESULTS: 743 smokers, 43% male and 57% female, mean (SD) age: 41.9 (9.8) years. The continuous abstinence rate at 24 weeks was 37.3% (IC 95% 34.9-40.0).The multivariable model showed three variables with predictive value: no current psychiatric diagnosis, social support and the first item of Fagerström test (time to first cigarette in the morning). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment outcomes of this smoking cessation program was influenced by the following variables: nicotine dependence, psychiatric disorders and social support.
Subject(s)
Remote Consultation/methods , Smoking Cessation/methods , Telephone , Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy , Adult , Bupropion/therapeutic use , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Social Support , Tobacco Use Cessation Devices , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To assess an intensive proactive telephone smoking cessation program and compare it with a similar group in face to face treatment. DESIGN: A prospective, controlled, observational study performed during daily clinical practice. PARTICIPANTS: 383 smokers, 176 in telephone treatment and 207 in face to face group treatment, aged greater than 18 years old. They smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and both groups were recruited between April and November 2003. The study was performed between April 2003 and May 2004. Treatment technique: 11 congnitive-behavioral interventions for six months plus 24 hour nicotine patches in standard doses and 2 mg nicotine gum on demand. Main variable: Prolonged abstinence self-professed at 24 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 12, weeks, 16 weeks, 20 weeks and 24 weeks. RESULTS: In the first and second week, abstinence was significantly higher in the face to face group than in telephone treatment (1st. week 80.2% vs. 65.9% p = .001; 2nd. week 77.3% vs 65.3% p = .007). Subsequently, the difference was not significant, and at 24 weeks abstinence remained similar for the two treatment methods, 54.6% in the face to face group treatment and 54.5% in telephone treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive smoking cessation treatment programs, with nicotine replacement therapy, are equally effective if performed by proactive telephone or in face to face treatment sessions.
Subject(s)
Behavior Therapy , Nicotine/administration & dosage , Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage , Smoking Cessation/methods , Adult , Age Factors , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Sex Factors , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Telephone , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Fundamento y objetivo: Evaluar un tratamiento intensivo del tabaquismo realizado por teléfono de forma proactiva, comparándolo con un tratamiento similar realizado cara a cara en grupo. Diseño: Estudio prospectivo, controlado y observacional llevado a cabo en la práctica clínica diaria. Pacientes y método: Participantes: 383 fumadores de más de 10 cigarrillos al día, 176 para tratamiento telefónico y 207 para tratamiento cara a cara en grupo, mayores de 18 años, captados entre abril y noviembre de 2003. El estudio se llevó a cabo entre abril de 2003 y mayo de 2004. Técnica de tratamiento: 11 intervenciones cognitivo-conductuales durante 6 meses, más parches de nicotina de 24 h en dosis estándar y chicle de nicotina de 2 mg a demanda. Variable principal: abstinencia prolongada autodeclarada a las 24 h y 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20 y 24 semanas después. Resultados: La abstinencia 1 y 2 semanas después era significativamente mayor en el grupo de tratamiento cara a cara en grupo que en el telefónico (primera semana, el 80,2 frente al 65,9%; p = 0,001; segunda semana, el 77,3 frente al 65,3%; p = 0,007). Posteriormente, la diferencia deja de ser significativa, y a las 24 semanas es prácticamente igual, el 54,6% en el tratamiento cara a cara en grupo y el 54,5% en el telefónico. Conclusiones: El programa de tratamiento intensivo del tabaquismo con terapia sustitutiva con nicotina es, a los 6 meses, igual de eficaz si se realiza en el marco telefónico de forma proactiva que si se realiza cara a cara en grupo
Background and objective: To assess an intensive proactive telephone smoking cessation program and compare it with a similar group in face to face treatment. Desing: A prospective, controlled, observational study performed during daily clinical practice. Patients and method: Participants: 383 smokers, 176 in telephone treatment and 207 in face to face group treatment, aged greater than 18 years old. They smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and both groups were recruited between April and November 2003. The study was performed between April 2003 and May 2004. Treatment technique: 11 congnitive-behavioral interventions for six months plus 24 hour nicotine patches in standard doses and 2 mg nicotine gum on demand. Main variable: Prolonged abstinence self-professed at 24 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 8 weeks, 12, weeks, 16 weeks, 20 weeks and 24 weeks. Results: In the first and second week, abstinence was significantly higher in the face to face group than in telephone treatment (1st. week 80.2% vs. 65.9% p = .001; 2nd. week 77.3% vs 65.3% p = .007). Subsequently, the difference was not significant, and at 24 weeks abstinence remained similar for the two treatment methods, 54.6% in the face to face group treatment and 54.5% in telephone treatment. Conclusions: Intensive smoking cessation treatment programs, with nicotine replacement therapy, are equally effective if performed by proactive telephone or in face to face treatment sessions
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Behavior Therapy , Nicotine/administration & dosage , Nicotinic Agonists/administration & dosage , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Age Factors , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Prospective Studies , Sex Factors , Tobacco Use Cessation/psychology , Telephone , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Internet , Self-Help Groups/organization & administration , Smoking Cessation , Global Health , Hotlines , Humans , Internet/statistics & numerical data , Self-Help Groups/statistics & numerical data , Smoking Cessation/methods , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Smoking Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Disorder/mortalityABSTRACT
No disponible
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Subject(s)
Humans , Internet , Tobacco Use Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy , Health Promotion/methodsSubject(s)
Behavior, Addictive/prevention & control , Behavior, Addictive/psychology , Health Services/economics , Health Services/standards , Smoking Cessation/methods , Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy , Capital Financing/economics , Humans , Smoking Cessation/economics , Spain , Tobacco Use Disorder/economicsABSTRACT
No disponible
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Behavior, Addictive/prevention & control , Behavior, Addictive/psychology , Health Services/economics , Health Services/standards , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Tobacco Use Disorder/therapy , Tobacco Use Cessation/economics , Spain , Tobacco Use Disorder/economics , Capital Financing/economicsABSTRACT
El humo de tabaco ambiental (HTA) está compuesto por el humo exhalado por el fumador, el emitido por la combustión espontánea del cigarrillo, los contaminantes emitidos en el momento de fumar y los contaminantes que difunden a través del papel del cigarrillo entre fumadas e incluye una elevada cantidad de sustancias nocivas absorbibles por el sistema respiratorio, como evidencia la concentración de cotinina (derivado del metabolismo de la nicotina) en lactantes y no fumadores. La exposición al HTA ocasiona, molestias al no fumador, reducción de peso al recién nacido de madre fumadora con aumento de las complicaciones perinatales, aumenta la incidencia de bronquitis y neumonía en hijos de padres fumadores y sobre todo induce mayor riesgo de síntomas e infecciones respiratorias, asma y otitis en el niño. El adulto fumador pasivo tiene mayor riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular y cáncer y empeora las consecuencias de enfermedad coronaria, asma y Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica. La absorción de nicotina por la placenta o lactancia podría condicionar la aparición de dependencia en hijos de embarazadas fumadoras (AU)
The environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is composed by the smoke exhaled by the smoker, the one produced by the spontaneous combustion of the cigarette, the contamination produced at the moment of smoking and those diffused through the cigarette paper between the smoking acts. It includes a high amount of dangerous substances that can be absorbed by the respiratory system. An evidence of this is the concentration of cotinine (a product of the metabolism of nicotine) in lactants and non smokers. The exposition to the ETS disturbs the non-smoker, provokes a reduction of weight in the new-born of a smoker mother and increases perinatal complications, as well as it increases the incidence of bronchitis and pneumonia in smokers children and most of all induces a greater risk of symptoms and respiratory infections, asthma and otitis. The adult passive smoker has more risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer and worse coronary diseases, asthma and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. The absorption of nicotine by the placenta or lactancy, could lead to future dependent at children born from smoker mothers (AU)
