ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Athletic Injuries/rehabilitation , Soccer , Return to WorkABSTRACT
La osteoporosis constituye un importante problema de salud pública que en los últimos años se ha visto acentuado debido, posiblemente, al cambio de hábitos que la sociedad mundial viene experimentando en las últimas décadas. El lograr disminuirle riesgo de fracturas, es la principal preocupación entre los profesionales y es a este fin, al que se dedican los mayores esfuerzos. Son muchos los factores determinantes del pico de masa ósea entre ellos, el ejercicio físico que es uno de los aspectos que podrían prevenir e incluso paliar los efectos de la osteoporosis, ya sea por aumento de la densidad mineral ósea, o por la disminución de sus pérdidas. A pesar de esto, no todos los ejercicios son igualmente válidos y su efectividad estará también condicionada por la edad de comienzo de la práctica así como, la continuidad en la misma y otros muchos factores que procederemos a analizar. Por todo ello, el objetivo de este trabajo fue el de revisar y analizar el estado actual de conocimiento sobre esta materia (AU)
Osteoporosis represents a serious problem forthe public health the last years and it has increased mainly due to the world wide change of habits during the last decades. Most efforts have aimed to reduce the risk of fractures as it has become the main concern among professionals. Many factors determine the bone peak mass, among them physical exercise which is an aspect that could not only prevent but also palliate the osteoporosis effects either by increasing the bone mineral density or by the decrease of the loss of it. In spite of it not all exercises are equally valid or effective as it depends on the age at which it is practiced, the continuity and many other factors that will be analyzed. The aim of this work is to study and to analyze the present day knowledge on this theme (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Bone Density/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Osteoporosis/physiopathology , Bone Resorption/physiopathology , Bone Demineralization, Pathologic/physiopathology , Fractures, Bone/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the influence of a physical exercise programme of strength/stamina on cardiovascular risk factors in low-risk post-menopausal women. DESIGN: Six-month randomised clinical trial with post-menopausal women. SETTING: Three health centres in the autonomous community of Murcia, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-three post-menopausal women aged 45 to 59 at low cardiovascular risk. INTERVENTIONS AND MAIN MEASUREMENTS: They were split into 2 groups: a) control: 23 people with no specific intervention, and b) 40 people with an intervention of strength/stamina exercise with protocol for in water and on land. At their initial and final visits, everyone in the 2 groups had anamnesis, physical examination, and general analyses, including Apo A, Apo B, insulin, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, creatinine in urine, albuminuria, ultrasensitive PCR, and HOMA index. RESULTS: The insulin levels increased in the control group by 2.02 mU/L and dropped in the experimental group by 0.13 mU/L (P=.021). At the start of the study, creatinine in the control group was 0.83+/-0.12 mg/dL; and at the end, 0.91+/-0.02 mg/dL. In the intervention group it was 0.84+/-0.12 mg/dL at the start and 0.90+/-0.13 mg/dL at the end (NS). Systolic blood pressure dropped in both groups, with a bigger drop in the exercise group (11.81 vs 0.17 mm Hg) (P=.0001). HDL-C values increased in the control group by 4.97 mg/dL; and in the experimental group, by 3.46 mg/dL (NS). CONCLUSIONS: A controlled programme of strength/stamina physical exercise reduces the cardiovascular risk of post-menopausal women.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Exercise , Postmenopause , Resistance Training , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Program Evaluation , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objetivo. Analizar la influencia de un programa de ejercicio físico de fuerza/resistencia sobre los factores de riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres posmenopáusicas de bajo riesgo. Diseño. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado de 6 meses de duración. Emplazamiento. El estudio se realizó en 3 centros de salud de la Comunidad Autónoma de Murcia. Participantes. Participaron en el estudio 63 mujeres posmenopáusicas de 45-59 años con riesgo cardiovascular bajo. Intervenciones y mediciones principales. Las mujeres participantes fueron divididas en 2 grupos: a) control, sin intervención específica (n = 23), y b) intervención mediante ejercicio de fuerza/resistencia con protocolo en medio acuático y terrestre (n = 40). A todos los grupos en la visita inicial y final se les realizaron anamnesis, exploración física y analítica general incluyendo Apo A, Apo B, insulina, creatinina sérica, aclaramiento de creatinina, creatinina en orina, albuminuria, proteína C reactiva ultrasensible e índice HOMA. Resultados. Los valores de insulina aumentan en el grupo control 2,02 mU/l y descienden en el grupo experimental 0,13 mU/l (p = 0,021). Al inicio del estudio la creatinina en el grupo control es de 0,83 ± 0,12 mg/dl, y de 0,91 ± 0,02 mg/dl al final del estudio. En el grupo de intervención es de 0,84 ± 0,12 mg/dl al inicio del estudio, y de 0,90 ± 0,13 mg/dl al final (NS). La presión arterial sistólica disminuye en ambos grupos, y es mayor el descenso en el grupo de ejercicio (11,81 frente a 0,17 mmHg); (p = 0,0001). Los valores de colesterol unido a lipoproteínas de alta densidad aumentan en el grupo control (4,97 mg/dl) y en el grupo experimental (3,46 mg/dl) (NS). Conclusiones. Un programa controlado de ejercicio físico de fuerza/resistencia en la mujer posmenopáusica disminuye su riesgo cardiovascular
Objective. To analyse the influence of a physical exercise programme of strength/stamina on cardiovascular risk factors in low-risk post-menopausal women. Design. Six-month randomised clinical trial with post-menopausal women. Setting. Three health centres in the autonomous community of Murcia, Spain. Participants. Sixty-three post-menopausal women aged 45 to 59 at low cardiovascular risk. Interventions and main measurements. They were split into 2 groups: a) control: 23 people with no specific intervention, and b) 40 people with an intervention of strength/stamina exercise with protocol for in water and on land. At their initial and final visits, everyone in the 2 groups had anamnesis, physical examination, and general analyses, including Apo A, Apo B, insulin, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, creatinine in urine, albuminuria, ultrasensitive PCR, and HOMA index. Results. The insulin levels increased in the control group by 2.02 mU/L and dropped in the experimental group by 0.13 mU/L (P=.021). At the start of the study, creatinine in the control group was 0.83±0.12 mg/dL; and at the end, 0.91±0.02 mg/dL. In the intervention group it was 0.84±0.12 mg/dL at the start and 0.90±0.13 mg/dL at the end (NS). Systolic blood pressure dropped in both groups, with a bigger drop in the exercise group (11.81 vs 0.17 mm Hg) (P=.0001). HDL-C values increased in the control group by 4.97 mg/dL; and in the experimental group, by 3.46 mg/dL (NS). Conclusions. A controlled programme of strength/stamina physical exercise reduces the cardiovascular risk of post-menopausal women
