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1.
Clin Ter ; 175(2): 118-124, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38571469

ABSTRACT

Background: In literature there is a lack of specific evaluation tools for behavior in intellectual disabilities in general and during an activity, this is one of the most important field of the Occupational Therapy intervention. Objective: Authors developed an Italian version of the Occupational Therapy Task Observation Scale (OTTOS) and an Italian version of the Comprehensive Occupational Therapy Evaluation Scale (COTES) and examined their reliability and validity. Methods: The original scales were translated from English to Italian using the "Translation and Cultural Adaptation of Patient Reported Outcomes Measures-Principles of Good Practice" guidelines. Both scales were administered to adults with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities. People under eighteen years, with severe and profound intellectual disabilities and deaf people were excluded from the study. Their reliability and validity have been examined. Relia-bility was analyzed via internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and stability (intra/inter-rater coefficient), while validity was investigated via construct validity (p-value) and criterion validity using Pearson's correlation coefficients between them and with the Mini Mental State Examination and the Barthel Index Scale. Results: The OTTOS and the COTES were administered to 30 subjects. Cronbach's α for the COTES was 0,91 and Cronbach's α for the OTTOS was 0,92. Regarding the criterion of validity, the two scales have numerous statistically positive correlations, particularly with the Mini Mental State Examination in the Orientation and total part. Furthermore, the correlation with the Barthel scale is present in the total scores, the COTES's third subscale, and the OTTOS's first. Conclusions: The OTTOS and the COTES were reliable and valid outcome measures for assessing behavior in the Italian population.


Subject(s)
Intellectual Disability , Occupational Therapy , Adult , Humans , Reproducibility of Results , Psychometrics , Italy , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Semergen ; 47(2): 99-105, 2021 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33129667

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the diagnostic management of patients with atherogenic dyslipidaemia (AD) by primary care physicians (PC). METHODOLOGY: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted based on a structured questionnaire. The content of the questionnaire was based on a review of the literature, and was validated by 3 AD experts. It included 23 questions, and was addressed to primary care physicians (PC). This sub-study will analyse questions related to the detection and diagnosis of AD. RESULTS: A total of 1,029 PC participated in the study. Almost all (96.99%) said that DA is a determining factor for cardiovascular risk (CVR), even with LDL-C targets. Residual CVR was evaluated by 88.43% in their clinical practice, but only 27.89% in secondary prevention. Most of the PCs used LDL-c-non-HDL-c (55.49% vs 20.02%) in AD as a control objective, and 15.35% used TG, and 9.14% HDL-C. For the diagnosis of AD, 82.22% used TC, TG, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C. PC physicians used the TC / HDL-C atherogenic ratio (53.06%) and LDL-C / HDL-C ratio (49.56%), considering them useful / very useful (86.30% and 85.04%, respectively), with only 28.08% using the TG / HDL-C index, with 69.29% considering it useful / very useful. CONCLUSIONS: The PCs have a high level of knowledge of the guidelines. Underdiagnosis continues, with heterogeneity in determining objectives, and low use of the TG / HDL-C index to evaluate these patients. Greater awareness is needed for the detection and diagnosis of AD.


Subject(s)
Dyslipidemias , Physicians, Primary Care , Cardiovascular Diseases , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Risk Factors , Spain
3.
Int J Surg ; 63: 98-106, 2019 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30738200

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)-associated invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) is present in a large number of patients with breast cancer. However, the association between these two entities has not been studied in detail. The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and histopathological factors associated to recurrence of IDC with those of DCIS-associated IDC (IDC + DCIS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational longitudinal study of 464 patients was performed between 2010 and 2015. Patients with IDC and DCIS + IDC were included and analyzed. RESULTS: IDC + DCIS was present in 243 patients (52.4%). No difference on histopathological characteristics were found, only Grade I and II of invasive component were more frequent in patients with IDC + DCIS than those with IDC (p  =  0.038). No differences on recurrence were found between the main groups (p = 0.256). For patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, those with IDC + DCIS had lower response than those with IDC alone (p  =  0.014). No differences between the main groups were found on recurrence (p = 0.256). For patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, recurrence was present in 19 patients (30.6%) in the IDC group in contrast to 5 (12.2%) in the IDC + DCIS group (p = 0.030). Mortality was present in 15 patients (24.2%) in the IDC group in contrast to 3 (7.3%) in the IDC + DCIS group (p = 0.027). At 7 years, 80.8% patients were alive: 71.9% from the IDC group and 92.7% from the IDC + DCIS group. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of DCIS seems to be indicative of a benign behavior in patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Longer DFS and higher overall survival were found in the IDC + DCIS group despite presenting with a lower response to chemotherapy. These findings help us identify patients with better prognosis in breast cancer.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/pathology , Adult , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/mortality , Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating/therapy , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Middle Aged , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Prospective Studies
6.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 32(5): 208-216, sept.-oct. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-85703

ABSTRACT

ObjetivoDemostrar el efecto beneficioso a largo plazo de la fisioterapia en pacientes de Parkinson.DiseñoEstudio prospectivo, controlado, doble ciego.LugarAsociación Enfermos de Parkinson, Astorga (España).Participantes26 pacientes (69,50±10,34 años) fueron evaluados aplicando la escala Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS).IntervenciónGrupo control (n=9, terapia farmacológica), grupo experimental (n=17, fisioterapia y tratamiento farmacológico).Medidas realizadasAnálisis de los resultados obtenidos del examen motor en la escala UPDRS.Resultados y discusiónSon presentados usando el software SPSS® 16.0. Las medidas de tendencia central en la puntuación global registradas en la estadios pre y postintervención fueron: fase on, la media pasó de 64,22±16,383 antes de la intervención fisioterapéutica a 50,89±19,499 después de la intervención; fase off, el valor de la media pasó de 85,78±12,549 a 75,78±17,745, respectivamente. Si incrementamos el rango a 7–12 sesiones los resultados en el examen motor son más altos, lo cual indica que la rigidez, postura, equilibrio y marcha mejoran y que esta mejoría es más prolongada en el tiempo.ConclusiónLa relevancia clínica de los programas de rehabilitación para paciente con enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es estimada como suficiente si los siguientes criterios están presentes: efectividad, importancia en la vida diaria, efecto a largo plazo, frecuencia y seguimiento de la terapia, duración de las sesiones, cambios en la calidad de vida, intervalo entre el cuestionario y la medicación; lo relevante nuestro trabajo es haber demostrado la eficiencia a largo plazo de un programa de fisioterapia en EP (AU)


ObjectiveTo demonstrate the long-term beneficial effect of physiotherapy in patients with Parkinson's Disease.DesignA prospective, controlled, double-blind study.SettingAssociation of Parkinson disease Patients. Astorga (Spain).Participants26 patients (69.50±10.34 years of age) were evaluated applying the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS).InterventionControl group (n=9, drug treatment), experimental group (n=18, physiotherapy and drug treatment).Main outcome measuresAnalysis of the results obtained from the motor examination on the UPDRS scale.ResultsThey are presented by means of the SPSS® 16.0 software. The central trend measurements in the global score recorded for the pre- and post-intervention stages were: phase on, the mean went from 64.22±16.383 before physiotherapy intervention to 50.89±19.499 after intervention; phase off, the value of the mean changed from 85.78±12.549 to 75.78±17,745, respectively. If we increase the range to 7–12 sessions, the scores for the motor examination are higher. This indicates that the rigidity, posture, postural stability and gait improve, and that such improvement is longer lasting.ConclusionThe clinical relevance of rehabilitation programs for PD patients is estimated to be sufficient if the following criteria are present: efficacy, everyday life relevance, long-term effect, therapy frequency and follow-up, duration of therapy sessions, quality of life, intervals between the questionnaire and medication. The relevance of our work is that it has demonstrated the long-term efficacy of a physiotherapy program in PD patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Parkinson Disease/rehabilitation , Exercise Therapy/methods , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Physical Therapy Modalities , Prospective Studies
7.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 32(4): 190-194, jul.-ago. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-87582

ABSTRACT

ObjetivoEl objetivo de este estudio es valorar la diversidad en el fenotipo clínico de la ataxia de Friedreich y la interferencia de esta enfermedad en las actividades de la vida diaria y en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los sujetos que la padecen.Material y métodosEstudio longitudinal prospectivo realizado con 4 sujetos afectados de ataxia de Friedreich.ResultadosDisminución en la puntuación global de los 4 sujetos durante la duración del estudio en la medida de la independencia funcional y en el cuestionario de salud SF-36.ConclusionesEl fenotipo clínico de la ataxia de Friedreich está caracterizado por una amplia heterogeneidad; entendiendo la patogénesis de esta enfermedad y su implicación multisistémica, se puede evaluar el impacto sobre la calidad de vida de estos enfermos (AU)


ObjectiveThe objective of this study has been to evaluate diversity of the clinical phenotype of Friedreich's Ataxia and the interference that disease has in the Activities of Daily Life and in the Health Related Quality of Life of the subjects who suffer it.Material and methodsA prospective, longitudinal study conducted with four subjects affected by Friedreich's Ataxia.ResultsDecrease in the global score of the 4 subjects during the study in the Functional Independence Measure and in the Questionnaire of Health SF-36.ConclusionsThe clinical phenotype of Friedreich's Ataxia is characterized by wide heterogeneity. When the pathogenesis of this disease and its multisystem involvement is understood, it becomes possible to evaluate its impact on the quality of life of these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Friedreich Ataxia/genetics , Friedreich Ataxia/psychology , Quality of Life , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Phenotype
8.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 32(1): 41-45, ene.-feb. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-80273

ABSTRACT

La calidad de vida de las personas con movilidad reducida se incrementa con la utilización de las diversas adaptaciones. Nuestro caso es una paciente tetrapléjica espástica que tras la intervención fisioterapéutica logra una independencia funcional en sus desplazamientos al conseguir manejar una silla de ruedas eléctrica que ha sido personalizada específicamente para sus necesidades.ResumenLa exploración física y el tratamiento fisioterapéutico son muy importantes para la obtención de esa independencia funcional en los desplazamientos de la paciente.ResumenEl periodo de intervención fue desde mayo de 2008 hasta diciembre de 2008(AU)


The quality of life of persons with limited mobility increases with the utilization of the diverse adjustments. We are presenting the case of a female patient with spastic tetraplegia who has achieved functional independence in moving after the physiotherapeutic intervention as she has been successful in handling an electrical wheelchair that has been adapted for her specific case.AbstractThe physical examination and the physiotherapy are very important to obtain this functional independence in the moving of the patient.AbstractThe intervention period was from May 2008 to December 2008(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Physical Therapy Modalities , Quadriplegia/rehabilitation , Wheelchairs
9.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 30(6): 293-298, nov.-dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-61219

ABSTRACT

La labor del fisioterapeuta en la atención integral de personas dependientes constituye un pilar fundamental dentro del trabajo realizado por un equipo interdisciplinar, ya que como profesional sanitario, el fisioterapeuta aporta los conocimientos adquiridos tanto para el establecimiento de medidas de prevención y promoción de la salud de estos pacientes, como para su tratamiento. El caso que proponemos (E.R.) supone un claro ejemplo de lo expuesto. Se trata de una paciente con artritis reumatoide que ingresa en un centro de atención para minusválidos físicos por la situación de discapacidad que le produce esta enfermedad. El equipo del centro, formado por un médico general, una fisioterapeuta, un psicólogo y una enfermera, acuerda como objetivo general conseguir una mejora de la calidad de vida de esta residente. La duración del estudio fue desde febrero de 2005 hasta febrero de 2006(AU)


The work of the physiotherapists in the integral care of dependent persons is afundamental cornerstone within the work performed by an interdisciplinary team. Thisis because as a health care professional, the physiotherapist contributes to the knowledgeacquired both for the establishment of preventive measures as well as promotion of thehealth of these patients and in their treatment.The case presented herein (ER) is a clear example of the above. This deals with a femalepatient suffering rheumatoid arthritis who was admitted to a care center for physicallyhandicapped due to the situation of incapacity caused by her disease.The center’s team was formed by a general physician, physiotherapist, psychologist andnurse who established the general objective as that of achieving improvement in thequality of life of this resident.The duration of the study was from February 2005 to February 2006(AUing


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/rehabilitation , Physical Therapy Modalities/trends , Physical Therapy Modalities , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Quality of Life , Disability Evaluation , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/nursing , Pain/rehabilitation , Pain/therapy
10.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 30(5): 251-257, sept.-oct. 2008. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-61212

ABSTRACT

El síndrome metabólico es hoy un problema de salud pública. Incluye diferentes grados de hipertensión, intolerancia a la glucosa, resistencia a la insulina, dislipemia aterogénica, obesidad central, a los que se asocian estados proinflamatorios y protrombóticos. Presenta una prevalencia muy alta y creciente; se asocia a estilos de vida poco saludables. Su diagnóstico implica aumentar en 5 veces el riesgo de tener diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y en 2-3 veces el de enfermedad cardiovascular. El diagnóstico clínico es simple y su tratamiento no farmacológico debiera indicarse en todos los pacientes. Falta información sobre el impacto en el riesgo cardiovascular, del uso de fármacos que reducen la resistencia a la insulina (glitazonas) y del efecto de los tratamientos combinados para las dislipemias aterogénicas. La morbilidad y la mortalidad prematuras que acarrea son extraordinariamente costosas. Es necesario prevenir, con el fomento de hábitos saludables de vida (dieta adecuada al gasto calórico y la práctica regular de ejercicio físico)(AU)


The metabolic syndrome is turning into one of the principal problems of public health ofthe 21st century. This term is used to indicate that clinical situation that includes differentdegrees of hypertension, intolerance to the glucose, resistance to the insulin, dislipidemiaaterogenic, central obesity with that conditions are associated proinflamatory andprotrombotics. The metabolic syndrome is presented by a very high and increasingprevalencia, which is associated with slightly healthy ways of life. The diagnosis implies increasing in 5 times the risk of suffering diabetes type 2 and in 2 or 3 times that ofcardiovascular disease. The clinical diagnosis is simple and his treatment not pharmacologistmust be indicated in all the patients. The constitutive patology of the syndrome musttreat integrally. Nevertheless, still lacking information about the impact in thecardiovascular risk, of the use of medicaments that reduce the resistance to the insulinand of the effect of the therapies combined for the own dislipidemias aterogenics of theSyndrome. The premature morbidity and mortality that it transports might unbalance thesanitary budget of many developed countries or in routes of development. A prevention isnecessary orientated to fomenting healthy habits of life, such as a diet adapted to thecaloric expense, and the regular practice of physical exercise(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Metabolic Syndrome/rehabilitation , Cardiovascular Diseases/embryology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Exercise/physiology , Risk Factors , Life Style , Lipoproteins, LDL/analysis , Physical Exertion/physiology
11.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 30(2): 96-104, mar.-abr. 2008. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63670

ABSTRACT

El virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es causante del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, o sida, una afección del sistema inmunológico que, por ahora, aún no siendo mortal, es crónica y afecta a la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Sin duda el tratamiento fisioterapéutico es una manera de mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. En este sentido y dado que uno de los factores importantes en el seguimiento de la evolución de la enfermedad es la fatiga, todos aquellos mecanismos que podamos establecer como fisioterapeutas para disminuir esta sintomatología ayudarán al bienestar del paciente. Para minimizar y prevenir los efectos de la fatiga en el organismo, se vienen empleando distintos agentes físicos y procedimientos fisioterapéuticos: crioterapia, electroestimulación, masoterapia e incluso otras técnicas llamadas “alternativas”. Se ha sugerido que el ejercicio físico (aeróbico y de resistencia muscular) puede ser beneficioso y mejorar la calidad de vida de sujetos con sida, pero es necesario llevar a cabo más investigaciones para determinar los parámetros óptimos de trabajo; así, en función del estado vital del paciente, se podrán establecer los protocolos de ejercicio físico adecuados, dirigidos por profesionales de la fisioterapia


The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a causal factor of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), an immune system disease that is presently not mortal but is a chronic disease that affects that patient’s quality of life. Undoubtedly, physical therapy can improve the patient’s quality of life. In this regards and given that one of the important factors in the follow-up of the disease course is fatigue, all those mechanisms that we can establish such as physical therapy to diminish this symptom, will help to improve the patient. In order to minimize and to prevent the effects of fatigue on the body, different physical agents and physical therapy procedures have been used: cryotherapy, electrical nerve stimulation, massage, and even other so-called “alternative” techniques. It has been suggested that physical exercise (aerobic and muscular resistance) can be beneficial and improve the AID patient’s quality of life. However, more research is needed to determine the ideal work parameters. Thus, based on the vital state of the patient, the best exercise protocols, directed by physical therapy professionals, is to establish adequate physical exercise protocols (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , /methods , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/therapy , Quality of Life , Fatigue/therapy , Exercise Therapy/methods , Immune System/physiopathology
12.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 30(1): 40-48, ene.-feb. 2008. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63664

ABSTRACT

La epidemiología de las lesiones deportivas es el estudio de la distribución y las variables que intervienen en la aparición de lesiones en grupos de población, con el propósito de establecer medidas de prevención. Este artículo pretende revisar de un modo general y fácil de entender la distribución y los factores lesionales publicados en la literatura, completados con nuestra propia experiencia. En nuestro medio, la mayoría de las lesiones ocurren en la práctica del fútbol, seguido del baloncesto y fútbol sala y afectan a las extremidades inferiores, especialmente a la rodilla. Se presentan, sobre todo, entre los 15 y los 25 años y afectan más a los hombres. Las lesiones ligamentosas y las musculares son las más frecuentes


Sport injury epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of varying rates of injuries in human populations for the purpose of stablishing procedures to prevent their occurrence. This article review integratively and comprehensively the distribution and determinants of injury rates as reported in the literature in addition our experiencie. The largest injury rates is in soccer, followed the basketball and indoor soccer, injuried lower extremities, knee highest. Sports injuries are more frequent in young people, 15-25 years of age. Sprains and straints are the most common injuries (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Athletic Injuries/epidemiology , Sports/statistics & numerical data , Leg Injuries/epidemiology , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution
13.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(5): 207-213, sept. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-058892

ABSTRACT

Los jugadores de baloncesto son deportistas de élite, expuestos a un ejercicio con un gran componente excéntrico y anaeróbico y, por consiguiente, la intensa competición deriva en estrés, y puede condicionar la forma física y, consecuentemente, el rendimiento deportivo. Sin embargo, es poco conocido lo concerniente a los posibles métodos para detectar y prevenir el estrés, lo cual está directamente relacionado con los cambios hormonales que se producen a lo largo de la fase regular de la temporada deportiva. El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar los datos referentes al comportamiento de las hormonas, cortisol, ACTH y testosterona en relación con el rendimiento deportivo medido a través de la estadística oficial, esto es, medido en términos de eficacia. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que los métodos de recuperación (procedimiento fisioterapéutico), así como los períodos de recuperación, dentro de la planificación, podrían reducir el impacto del estrés sobre el organismo del deportista, facilitando los procesos regenerativos, y contribuyendo con ello a mejorar el rendimiento deportivo


Professional basketball players are elite sportmen exposed to a high degree of eccentric and anaerobic exercise, and display an intense competition-derived psychophysiological stress that can conditionate their physical performance. However, little is known concerning the possible methods to prevent and detect psychophysiological stress and its correlated hormonal changes in professional basketball players throughout the season and during competition. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to describe the possible variations in blood circulating levels of ACTH, cortisol and testosterone, as well as testosterone/cortisol ratio. Taken together, these results suggest that regenerative methods, as well as the planification of resting periods, reduced muscle damage, prevented muscle fatigue and improved muscle regeneration, thus leading to optimal results reached in competition


Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Humans , Basketball/psychology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Sports/physiology , Physical Therapy Modalities/methods , Hydrocortisone , Testosterone , Stress, Psychological/prevention & control
14.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(5): 234-239, sept. 2007.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-058895

ABSTRACT

Practicar ejercicio físico disminuye el riesgo de padecer cáncer de mama, tanto si se realiza de forma moderada como si se llevan a cabo actividades de mayor intensidad, siempre de manera regular en el tiempo. Esto es así en mujeres premenopáusicas y, en mayor medida, en las posmenopáusicas, incluso las pertenecientes a los denominados "grupos de riesgo" (nulíparas, obesas, usuarias de TH, etc.). Este efecto protector del ejercicio se aprecia en todas las etnias estudiadas (razas blanca, negra y asiática), con prevalencia semejante. Los elevados niveles de estrógenos son factor de riesgo en el cáncer de mama. La obesidad es la principal causante del aumento de estrógenos en sangre. La actividad física continua, además de otros factores como el descenso en la resistencia a la insulina y la estimulación del sistema inmunitario, se han mostrado eficaces para reducir dicho riesgo. Además, se ha observado que realizar algún tipo de ejercicio físico mejora la calidad de vida, la funcionalidad y el bienestar de las mujeres que ya padecen este tipo de cáncer y están sometidas al protocolo de tratamiento oncológico. De otra parte, se han registrado una disminución en el número de recidivas y una mejora del pronóstico, medido en índice de supervivencia al tumor


Physical activity reduces the risk of breast cancer, not only in moderate activities but also in intensive ones as well, on condition that they are practised regularly. This is for pre-menopausal women and specially, for post-menopausal ones, even if they are included in risk groups such as nulliparous, obese ones and HRT users. Physical exercise has also a protective effect on every studied ethnics (white, afroamerican and assiatic ones) with similar prevalence. High levels of estrogens are risk factors in breast cancer. Obesity is the main cause of the increase of circulating estrogens. Regular physical activity, apart from other factors, such as reduction in insulin resistance and immune system stimulation, are considered to be effective in reducing such a risk. In addition, it has been observed that practising any other type of physical activity improves quality of life, functionality and well-being in women that already suffer this type of cancer and in those who are put under the protocol of cancer treatment. Besides, a big reduction in recurrence and an improvement in prognosis have been registered, in rates of tumor survival


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Exercise/physiology , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Postmenopause/physiology , Disease-Free Survival , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology
15.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 29(5): 248-254, sept. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-058897

ABSTRACT

El presente trabajo realiza un estudio sobre la posible mejora del equilibrio en un sujeto parapléjico (síndrome de lesión medular completa a nivel de D5), que juega al baloncesto, por medio del entrenamiento en una plataforma de equilibrio. Entre los objetivos de trabajo se propone mejorar el equilibrio del sujeto en silla de ruedas para la mejora de la práctica del baloncesto; mejorar el control del tronco, tanto en el eje lateral como en el anteroposterior, y la estabilidad de la cintura escapular. Los resultados demuestran una mejora en equilibrio, tras realización del tratamiento, aunque sólo con los ojos abiertos. Se concluye que el uso de estabilometría refuerza las aferencias visuales, compensando la pérdida de aferencias propioceptivas que ha sufrido el sujeto. Se propone la utilización de un sistema de trabajo que, además de mejorar el equilibrio, nos aporte datos objetivos y cuantificables en la mejora del mismo


This study evaluates the possible improvement on the balance of a paraplegic patient (D5 complete traumatic injury of spinal cord), who plays basketball, through training on a balance platform. One of the main purposes of this study is the improvement of balance of the patient on the wheelchair to get a better performance on his game, improve control of torso, in both lateral and anterior posterior axis and also stability of the scapular girdle. Results shows improvement of balance after treatment, though, with open eyes only. This data could lead us to the following conclussion: stabilometry does improve visual inputs, stepping up lost of propioceptive inputs. We propose the usage of a working system that allows balance improvement and also provides objective and quantifiable data of such improvement


Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Humans , Postural Balance/physiology , Basketball/physiology , Disabled Persons , Wheelchairs , Paraplegia/physiopathology , Physical Therapy Modalities/methods
16.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 28(6): 298-307, nov. 2006. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050097

ABSTRACT

La evaluación isocinética del hombro de la manera más funcional posible, es mediante la reproducción de patrones diagonales semejantes a los aplicados durante procedimientos de facilitación neuro-muscular propioceptiva. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es el estudio comparativo de la valoración isocinética del hombro, según género, mediante el patrón diagonal D2, en jóvenes nadadores promesas. 18 nadadores (9 mujeres y 9 varones), diestros, y entrenados por el mismo entrenador fueron valorados mediante el dispositivo dinamómetro Biodex System 3® según modo concéntrico a 180°/s y a 60°/s de velocidad, de acuerdo al patrón diagonal D2. Se utilizaron los accesorios específicos para evaluación de diagonales, y el eje de rotación orientado a través de la articulación glenohumeral. En el análisis estadístico de los grupos de datos se aplicó el programa informático Statgraphics Plus 4.0®. La magnitud de todas las variables isocinéticas estudiadas (peak torque, peak torque/peso corporal, trabajo y potencia) fue mayor durante el movimiento de E/AD/RI, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas con el movimiento de F/AB/RE. Esto se observó en el lado dominante y no dominante, en las dos velocidades estudiadas y en ambos géneros. La natación se presenta como un deporte que logra un desarrollo armónico de ambos segmentos y en ambos géneros, a diferencia de otros deportes asimétricos


Reproduction of diagonal patterns, similar to those applied during procedures of propioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, represent the most functional approach for isokinetic evaluation of the shoulder. The objective of our work is the comparative study of the isokinetic evaluation of the shoulder according to gender in young swimmers promises, by means of the diagonal pattern D2. 18 swimmers (9 women and 9 men), skillful, and trained by the same coach were evaluated by means of a Biodex System 3 Isokinetic Dynamometer® device, according to concentric way, at 180°/s and 60°/s of speed and following the diagonal pattern D2. Specific accessories were used for evaluation of diagonals, and the rotation axis guided through the glenohumeral joint. Statistical analysis of the groups of data was performed using Statgraphics Plus 4.0®. The magnitude of all the isokinetic variable studied (peak torque, peak torque/body weight, work and power) was significantly higher for the E/AD/IR, in comparison with the F/AB/ER movement. This was observed in the dominant and not dominant side, in the two studied speeds and in both gender. Swimming represents a sport in which, contrary to other asymmetric sports, a harmonic development of both segments and in both gender is achieved


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Humans , Kinesics , Shoulder/physiology , Swimming/physiology , Biomechanical Phenomena/methods
17.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 28(6): 315-325, nov. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-050099

ABSTRACT

En el presente trabajo se expone el estudio realizado en un equipo femenino de jugadoras de baloncesto de alta competición, en el que tratamos de probar la eficacia de una técnica de fisioterapia, la Vibroterapia, sobre el músculo fatigado. La Vibroterapia se ha aplicado por medio de un sistema mecánico denominado máquina de relajación muscular (MRM®). También se ha valorado la actividad eléctrica de los músculos vasto interno y bíceps femoral, antes y después de la aplicación de dicha técnica, a través de electromiografía de superficie. Se realiza además la valoración de la sensación subjetiva de la relajación producida por la misma, mediante la administración de un cuestionario


This study was carried out on a professional team basketball women players. It deals with the efficiency of a pysiotherapy tecnique, a vibratory sistem, on fatigue muscles.This vibratory sistem was applied through a mecanical sistem called MRM (Muscular Relaxation Mecanism). This study also evaluates electrical muscle activity of vastus internus and biceps femori, before and after de aplication of the tecnique. Finally, it evaluates the subjetive relaxation, though a physcological test


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Humans , Vibration/therapeutic use , Muscle Fatigue , Isometric Contraction , Electromyography , Electric Capacitance , Physical Therapy Modalities
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