ABSTRACT
It is important to investigate fast and accurate equine colic syndrome diagnostic forms. Lactate results from anaerobic glycolysis; high levels of it may indicate intestinal disorders with tissue hypoperfusion and hypoxia. The current study aims at investigating whether blood and peritoneal lactate values observed when horses with colic syndrome were hospitalized, were associated with condition type, therapeutic referral, and survival rates. Retrospective analysis was applied to 498 medical records of animals with colic syndrome, at EQUIVET Hospital -SP; 89 cases were herein selected. Based on logistic regression, peritoneal lactate played a more significant part than blood in variables like obstruction type and survival rates. Surgical cases comprised 52.8% of analyzed animals; strangulation changes, 26%; and overall survival, 62.9%. Mean blood and peritoneal lactate level in animals showing strangulation changes reached 5.11 and 7.33mmol/L, whereas non-strangulation cases recorded 3.54 and 3.06mmol/L, respectively. On the other hand, mean blood and peritoneal lactate level recorded for survivors reached 3.43 and 2.42mmol/L, whereas non-survivors recorded 4.84 and 7.13mmol/L, respectively. We concluded that peritoneal lactate measured when horses with colic syndrome were hospitalized was a predictor of condition type, and of animal survival and prognosis. However, blood and peritoneal lactate measurements did not contribute to therapeutic referral.
O estudo de formas diagnósticas rápidas e precisas é importante na síndrome cólica equina. O lactato, produto da glicólise anaeróbica, quando elevado, pode indicar afecções intestinais com hipoperfusão e hipóxia. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se os valores de lactato sanguíneo e peritoneal, na admissão de equinos com síndrome cólica, estão relacionados com o tipo de afecção, com o encaminhamento terapêutico e a sobrevida. Uma análise retrospectiva foi realizada em 498 atendimentos em síndrome cólica, no Hospital EQUIVET-SP, quando 89 casos foram selecionados. A regressão logística indicou que o lactato peritoneal obteve maior significância comparado ao sanguíneo, nas variáveis tipo de obstrução e sobrevida. Casos cirúrgicos foram 52,8%; alterações estrangulativas, 26%; e sobrevivência geral, 62,9%. Em alterações estrangulativas, a média do lactato sanguíneo e peritoneal foi de 5,11 e 7,33mmol/L; em não estrangulativos, 3,54 e 3,06mmol/L. Já os sobreviventes obtiveram 3,43 e 2,42mmol/L, e os não sobreviventes 4,84 e 7,13mmol/L, respectivamente. Conclui-se que a mensuração do lactato peritoneal na admissão de cavalos com cólica foi considerada um preditor do tipo de afecção, bem como da sobrevida e do prognóstico. Porém, as mensurações de lactato sanguíneo e peritoneal não auxiliaram no encaminhamento terapêutico.
Subject(s)
Animals , Prognosis , Colic/veterinary , Lactic Acid , Horse DiseasesABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature for laboratory and clinical studies to evaluate the effect of ferrule in restored endodontically treated teeth. The search was conducted in 2 databases (PubMed, Scopus) with no publication year/language limits. From 1,872 potentially eligible studies, 124 studies were selected for full-text analysis, and 37 were included for review, with 32 of those considered in the meta-analysis and 5 considered in the survival analysis. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. For laboratory studies, a meta-analysis was performed for the comparison of the fracture resistance of teeth with and without ferrule, and 3 subgroup analyses were conducted for ferrule height, post type, and type of tooth. For clinical studies, the Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the survival of restorations, with log-rank test used to identify differences between groups ( α = 5%). Teeth without ferrule had a lower fracture resistance ( P < 0.00001), and the higher the height of ferrule, the greater the fracture resistance was, irrespective of the type of post ( P < .000001). Teeth with ferrule had higher clinical longevity ( P = 0.002); however, the presence of a ferrule was related to higher survival only for premolars ( P = 0.05). In conclusion, the presence of a ferrule is responsible for an improvement in the fracture resistance of the restoration in laboratory studies. Yet, other clinical factors besides the ferrule may be associated with survival in molars and anterior teeth and need to be further investigated. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be used by clinicians when deciding which approach to use when planning the restoration of endodontically treated teeth with and without ferrule. Ferrule may lead to higher tooth/restoration survival, while tooth location may influence therapeutic decisions.
ABSTRACT
AIM: This was to investigate the nanoleakage of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC) and composite resin (CR) restorations in sound and caries-affected primary dentine, submitted to load cycling and cariogenic challenge in vitro. METHOD: Occlusal cavities were prepared in 60 sound exfoliated primary second molars and 30 specimens were subjected to chemical induction of artificial caries lesions and the others were restored without caries induction. All prepared teeth were divided into 2 groups according to restorative materials. From each dentine condition 5 restored teeth and restorative material were subjected to microtensile bond strength and nanoleakage tests immediately or after load-cycling or submitted to the pH-cycling procedure before testing. RESULTS: The adhesive presented bigger areas of silver leakage at the interfaces on caries-affected dentine (2.46±0.47)mm2 than sound dentine (0.90±0.19)mm2. RMGIC nanoleakage was not influenced by the sound (1.75±0.11)mm2 or caries-affected (2.08±0.39) condition of the substrate. A significant moderate inverse correlation was revealed between the bond strength and silver leakage area at the interface, (r= -0.55, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Nanoleakage is greater in caries-affected primary teeth dentine than sound dentine in adhesive restorations although at the interfaces of RMGIC does not differ. As nanoleakage increases, bond strength decreases significantly.