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3.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 69(4): 377-383, abr. 2016. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-152028

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: El papel de la estimulación auriculoventricular secuencial en pacientes con miocardiopatía hipertrófica obstructiva y síntomas incapacitantes sigue siendo controvertido. El objetivo de este trabajo es valorar su efecto en los síntomas, el gradiente dinámico y la función del ventrículo izquierdo. Métodos: Desde 1991 a 2009, se implantó un marcapasos bicameral a 82 pacientes con miocardiopatía hipertrófica obstructiva y síntomas incapacitantes a pesar de tratamiento médico óptimo. Se programó una estimulación secuencial con un intervalo auriculoventricular corto. Se analizaron parámetros clínicos y ecocardiográficos antes, inmediatamente tras el implante y al final de un largo seguimiento (mediana, 8,5 [1-18] años). Resultados: La clase funcional de la New York Heart Association se redujo inmediatamente tras el implante en el 95% de los pacientes (p < 0,0001), y esta mejoría se mantenía al final del seguimiento en el 89% (p = 0,016). Se observó una reducción significativa del gradiente tras el implante (94,5 ± 36,5 frente a 46,4 ± 26,7 mmHg; p < 0,0001) y al final del seguimiento (94,5 ± 36,5 frente a 35,9 ± 24,0 mmHg; p < 0,0001). La insuficiencia mitral mejoró de manera constante en el 52% de los casos (p < 0,0001). No hubo diferencias en el grosor o los diámetros ventriculares, la fracción de eyección o la función diastólica. Conclusiones: La estimulación secuencial en pacientes seleccionados con miocardiopatía hipertrófica obstructiva mejora la clase funcional y reduce el gradiente dinámico y la insuficiencia mitral inmediatamente tras el implante y al final de un largo seguimiento. La estimulación ventricular prolongada no produce efectos deletéreos en la función ventricular sistólica o diastólica en estos pacientes (AU)


Introduction and objectives: Controversy persists regarding the role of sequential atrioventricular pacing in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and disabling symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pacing on symptoms, dynamic gradient, and left ventricular function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Methods: From 1991 to 2009, dual-chamber pacemakers were implanted in 82 patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and disabling symptoms despite optimal medical therapy. Sequential pacing was performed with a short atrioventricular delay. Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were measured before and immediately after implantation and after a long follow-up (median, 8.5 years [range, 1-18 years]). Results: The New York Heart Association functional class was immediately reduced after pacemaker implantation in 95% of patients (P < .0001), and this improvement was maintained until the final follow-up in 89% (P = .016). The gradient was significantly reduced after implantation (94.5 ± 36.5 vs 46.4 ± 26.7 mmHg; P < .0001) and at final follow-up (94.5 ± 36.5 vs 35.9 ± 24.0 mmHg; P < .0001). Mitral regurgitation permanently improved in 52% of the patients (P < .0001). There were no differences in ventricular thickness or diameters, ejection fraction, or diastolic function. Conclusions: Sequential pacing in selected patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy improves functional class and reduces dynamic gradient and mitral regurgitation immediately after pacemaker implantation and at final follow-up. Prolonged ventricular pacing has no negative effects on systolic or diastolic function in these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/therapy , Pacemaker, Artificial , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/physiopathology , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/prevention & control , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/physiopathology , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial
4.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) ; 69(4): 377-83, 2016 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26719031

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Controversy persists regarding the role of sequential atrioventricular pacing in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and disabling symptoms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pacing on symptoms, dynamic gradient, and left ventricular function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. METHODS: From 1991 to 2009, dual-chamber pacemakers were implanted in 82 patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and disabling symptoms despite optimal medical therapy. Sequential pacing was performed with a short atrioventricular delay. Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were measured before and immediately after implantation and after a long follow-up (median, 8.5 years [range, 1-18 years]). RESULTS: The New York Heart Association functional class was immediately reduced after pacemaker implantation in 95% of patients (P < .0001), and this improvement was maintained until the final follow-up in 89% (P = .016). The gradient was significantly reduced after implantation (94.5 ± 36.5 vs 46.4 ± 26.7mmHg; P < .0001) and at final follow-up (94.5 ± 36.5 vs 35.9 ± 24.0mmHg; P < .0001). Mitral regurgitation permanently improved in 52% of the patients (P < .0001). There were no differences in ventricular thickness or diameters, ejection fraction, or diastolic function. CONCLUSIONS: Sequential pacing in selected patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy improves functional class and reduces dynamic gradient and mitral regurgitation immediately after pacemaker implantation and at final follow-up. Prolonged ventricular pacing has no negative effects on systolic or diastolic function in these patients.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Pacing, Artificial , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/therapy , Forecasting , Ventricular Function, Left/physiology , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/therapy , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/complications , Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnosis , Echocardiography , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/etiology , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/physiopathology , Young Adult
5.
Heart Vessels ; 31(7): 1022-9, 2016 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26113458

ABSTRACT

No consensus exists about which coronary artery should be firstly catheterized in primary PCIs. Initial catheterization of the "culprit artery" could reduce reperfusion time. However, complete knowledge of coronary anatomy could modify revascularization strategy. The objective of the study was to analyze this issue in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary PCI. PCIs were performed in 384 consecutive patients. Choice of ipsilateral approach (IA): starting with a guiding catheter for the angiography and PCI of the "culprit artery", or contralateral approach (CA): starting with a diagnostic catheter for the "non-culprit artery" and completing the angiography and PCI of the culprit with a guiding catheter was left to the operator. Differences between two approaches regarding reperfusion time, acute events or revascularization strategies were analyzed. There were no differences between two approaches regarding reperfusion time or clinical events. When the left coronary artery was responsible, IA was more frequent (76.4 vs 22.6 %), but when it was the right coronary artery, CA was preferred (20 vs 80 %); p < 0.0001. With CA, bare metal stents (BMS) were more used than drug eluting (DES) (60.8 vs 39.2 %) inversely than with IA (BMS 41.3 vs DES 59.7 %; p < 0.0001). With CA there were more patients with left main or multivessel disease in which revascularization was completed with non-urgent surgery (4.13 vs 2.4 %, p < 0.0001). Initial CA does not involve higher reperfusion time. Furthermore, overall knowledge of coronary anatomy offers more options in revascularization strategy and may imply a change in management. Despite the need to individualize each case, contralateral approach may be the first option with the exception of unstable patients.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Coronary Vessels , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Time-to-Treatment , Aged , Cardiac Catheterization/instrumentation , Cardiac Catheters , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Drug-Eluting Stents , Female , Hospitals, High-Volume , Humans , Male , Metals , Middle Aged , Patient Selection , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/adverse effects , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/instrumentation , Predictive Value of Tests , Prosthesis Design , Retrospective Studies , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Spain , Stents , Tertiary Care Centers , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
6.
Rev Port Cardiol ; 34(10): 623.e1-3, 2015 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26437891

ABSTRACT

Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of percutaneous coronary intervention. Polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stents prevent blood leakage between struts with a high rate of success. However, they lack elasticity and rapid and correct deployment is difficult. They have also a higher rate of stent restenosis and thrombosis. For these reasons, optimal deployment is essential. Although severe CAP needs an emergent solution, after stabilizing the patient, intracoronary imaging techniques may be useful to ensure correct expansion and reduce further adverse events. We present a case that shows the potential role of intravascular ultrasound in the resolution of a CAP.


Subject(s)
Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Vessels/injuries , Ultrasonography, Interventional , Aged , Humans , Male
15.
Rev. esp. cardiol. Supl. (Ed. impresa) ; 7(supl.G): 82g-101g, 2007. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-166332

ABSTRACT

La estimulación cardiaca es un procedimiento terapéutico ampliamente conocido. En la actualidad su utilización óptima depende fundamentalmente de la valoración individualizada de la afección del paciente que precisa un marcapasos y de conocer las múltiples posibilidades de los dispositivos disponibles en el mercado. Existen algunas situaciones especiales que, por su relevancia clínica y las dudas que pueden generar en cuanto a estimulación, merece la pena tratar de forma individualizada. En este trabajo se exponen los conocimientos actuales en cinco de esas situaciones (AU)


Cardiac pacing is a well-known therapeutic approach. In practice, making the best use of the technique depends fundamentally both on accurate disease assessment in the individual patient who requires a pacemaker and on understanding the range of options offered by the devices available on the market. There are a number of specific situations that, because of their clinical significance and the uncertainties associated with the use of pacing in them, are worthwhile treating on an individual basis. This article summarizes current understanding of five of these situations (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/trends , Biological Clocks/physiology , Pacemaker, Artificial/trends , Pacemaker, Artificial , Neuromuscular Diseases/complications , Neuromuscular Diseases/epidemiology , Defibrillators, Implantable , Defibrillators/trends
16.
Rev Esp Cardiol ; 56(11): 1141-4, 2003 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14622547

ABSTRACT

Primary cardiac lymphoma, defined as a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving only the heart and pericardium, is an extremely rare malignancy. It should be suspected in patients with a heart mass and heart failure, unexplained refractory pericardial effusion or rhythm disturbances. Transvenous intracardiac tumor biopsy under fluoroscopic or transesophageal echocardiographic guidance, is a minimally invasive technique which makes definite diagnosis possible. We describe a patient in whom primary cardiac lymphoma was diagnosed by this technique. He also underwent percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy because of severe refractory pericardial effusion. Seven months after diagnosis and treatment with standard chemotherapy, the patient remained free of disease.


Subject(s)
Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lymphoma/diagnosis , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Biopsy, Needle , Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use , Doxorubicin/therapeutic use , Echocardiography, Doppler , Fluoroscopy , Heart Neoplasms/complications , Heart Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Jugular Veins/diagnostic imaging , Jugular Veins/pathology , Lymphoma/complications , Lymphoma/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Pericardial Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Pericardiectomy , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome , Vincristine/therapeutic use
17.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 56(11): 1141-1144, nov. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-27976

ABSTRACT

El linfoma cardíaco primario, definido como linfoma no hodgkiniano con afección exclusiva del corazón y pericardio, es un tumor maligno extremadamente raro. Debe sospecharse en pacientes con masas cardíacas y fallo cardíaco, derrame pericárdico refractario o trastornos del ritmo. La biopsia transvenosa, bajo control fluoroscópico o por ecocardiografía transesofágica, es un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo que permite el diagnóstico definitivo. Presentamos un caso de linforma cardíaco primario diagnosticado mediante esta técnica y al que se practicó una pericardiotomía percutánea con balón por derrame pericárdico severo recidivante. El paciente está libre de enfermedad tras tratamiento quimioterápico 7 meses después del diagnóstico (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Male , Humans , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Vincristine , Echocardiography, Doppler , Treatment Outcome , Pericardial Effusion , Prednisone , Pericardiectomy , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Biopsy, Needle , Cyclophosphamide , Jugular Veins , Lymphoma , Fluoroscopy , Doxorubicin , Heart Neoplasms
18.
Rev Esp Cardiol ; 56(3): 230-5, 2003 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12622952

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Primary pulmonary hypertension and its associated forms is a progressive and often fatal disease, the course of which has been favourably modified by prostacyclin therapy in the last decade. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analize retrospectively the efficacy of continuous intravenous epoprostenol (synthetic prostacyclin) therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension, and to compare it with conventional therapy (anticoagulants, digoxin and diuretics). METHODS: Between 1990-2000, 31 patients with severe precapillary pulmonary hypertension in functional class III or IV went on continuous intravenous epoprostenol therapy, administered by a portable infusion pump through a Hickman catheter. We compared their survival with a group of 16 patients treated with conventional therapy alone. RESULTS: Time of follow-up was 33.25 months in the prostacyclin group and 20 months in the conventional group. The one- three- and five- year survival rates were 86%, 50% and 38% respectively for patients treated with epoprostenol compared with 40%, 40% and 8% survival rates at idetical periods for patients treated conventionally (p = 0,02). Functional class and the mean distance walked in the 6 minutes test were improved in patients treated with prostacyclin (p < 0,01). Serious complications attributable to the delivery system included 3 deaths, mainly due to infection. CONCLUSION: Continuous intravenous epoprostenol therapy improves survival and exercise capacity in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension despite potentially serious complications attributable to the delivery system.


Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Epoprostenol/therapeutic use , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Adult , Female , Humans , Hypertension, Pulmonary/mortality , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Prostaglandins A/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies
19.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 56(3): 230-235, mar. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-19632

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La hipertensión pulmonar (HTP) primaria y sus formas asociadas tienen un curso habitualmente progresivo y fatal, modificado en la última década por el tratamiento con prostaciclina. Objetivo. Analizar retrospectivamente la eficacia del tratamiento con epoprostenol (prostaciclina sintética) en perfusión intravenosa continua en HTP primaria y sus formas asociadas, comparándola con tratamiento convencional (anticoagulación, digoxina y diuréticos).Métodos. Entre 1990 y 2000, 31 pacientes con HTP arterial grave en clase funcional (CF) III/IV de la NYHA recibieron tratamiento con epoprostenol en perfusión intravenosa continua a través de catéter tipo Hickman y bomba de perfusión portátil. Se compara su supervivencia con un grupo de 16 pacientes tratados convencionalmente. Resultados. El tiempo de seguimiento en el grupo de prostaciclina fue de 33,25 meses y en el de tratamiento convencional 20 meses. La supervivencia a 1,3 y 5 años fue del 86, 50 y 38 por ciento, respectivamente, en los pacientes tratados con epoprostenol, del 40 por ciento al año y 3 años y del 8 por ciento a los 5 años en los pacientes tratados convencionalmente (p = 0,02). Se observó una mejora en la CF y en la distancia recorrida en el test de 6 min en los pacientes tratados con epoprostenol (p < 0,01). El sistema de infusión fue un problema grave y causó 3 muertes fundamentalmente por infección. Conclusión. El epoprostenol en perfusión intravenosa continua mejora la supervivencia y la capacidad funcional en los pacientes con HTP arterial, a pesar de las complicaciones graves relacionadas con el sistema de infusión (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Male , Female , Humans , Prostaglandins A , Epoprostenol , Retrospective Studies , Antihypertensive Agents , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Infusions, Intravenous
20.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 54(9): 1048-1054, sept. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2154

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La presencia de shock cardiogénico es la principal causa de muerte intrahospitalaria en pacientes con un infarto agudo de miocardio. No se ha demostrado que los tratamientos convencionales mejoren la supervivencia de estos pacientes, y estudios previos de revascularización urgente con angioplastia coronaria parecen ofrecer resultados prometedores. Pacientes y método. Se describen de forma retrospectiva los resultados clínicos y angiográficos de la angioplastia primaria electiva en 48 pacientes con shock cardiogénico secundario a un infarto agudo de miocardio de menos de 12 h de evolución. Se utilizó contrapulsación intraaórtica en el 79 por ciento de los pacientes. Se excluyeron los enfermos con shock cardiogénico secundario a complicaciones mecánicas. Resultados. Se obtuvo éxito angiográfico (estenosis final < 50 por ciento y TIMI 2) en el 85 por ciento de las lesiones causantes, y se implantó al menos un stent en el 76 por ciento de las lesiones. Se realizó angioplastia multivaso en el 25 por ciento de los pacientes y se utilizó abciximab en el 35 por ciento de los casos. El tiempo medio desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta la angioplastia fue de 7,4 ñ 3,1 h. La supervivencia intrahospitalaria fue del 58 por ciento, y a los 6 meses del 54 por ciento. Conclusiones. La revascularización coronaria urgente mediante angioplastia primaria e implante de stent intracoronario en pacientes con shock cardiogénico como complicación de un infarto agudo de miocardio es efectiva, consigue restablecer un flujo TIMI 2 en una alta proporción de pacientes y disminuye la mortalidad respecto a los resultados del tratamiento conservador en series históricas (AU)


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Stents , Shock, Cardiogenic , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Hospital Mortality , Myocardial Infarction , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors , Retrospective Studies , Analysis of Variance , Follow-Up Studies , Heart-Assist Devices
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