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1.
Rev Med Chil ; 151(12): 1636-1639, 2023 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39270086

ABSTRACT

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are a ubiquitous species of bacteria that can produce chronic pulmonary infectious disease in humans. The clinical manifestations are diverse, from an indolent solitary pulmonary nodule up to fibrocavitary disease which carries a poor prognosis. The presentation as a solitary pulmonary nodule has been described in slowly growing mycobacteria, mainly Mycobacterium avium complex and Mycobacterium kansasii. In the following clinical case, we report an infection by a nontuberculous mycobacteria presenting as a solitary pulmonary nodule caused by Mycobacterium abscessus and its outcomes after surgical resection.


Subject(s)
Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous , Mycobacterium abscessus , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule , Humans , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnosis , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/microbiology , Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous/diagnostic imaging , Mycobacterium abscessus/isolation & purification , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/microbiology , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/diagnostic imaging , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/pathology , Male , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Middle Aged , Female
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 72(2): 107-112, abr. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092900

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción Las cárceles constituyen un foco de violencia inherente y un ambiente propicio de lesiones traumáticas. Objetivo Describir el perfil de ingreso y evolución de personas privadas de libertad hospitalizadas en nivel terciario por trauma acontecido en 2 complejos penitenciarios, que ingresan a nuestro Servicio. Materiales y Método Estudio descriptivo, incluyó la revisión de fichas clínicas en nuestro hospital (HUAP), durante el periodo entre agosto de 2009 y diciembre de 2016. Resultados 88 consultas de personas privadas de libertad, donde se obtuvieron 46 consultas por lesiones traumáticas. Se observó una distribución simétrica para las variables edad, presión arterial media, frecuencia cardíaca, hematocrito, hemoglobina y recuento de leucocitos. El sitio del trauma más frecuente fue el tórax y el abdomen (incluyendo cara anterior y posterior completa), cada uno con 18 pacientes (39,13% cada uno). El diagnóstico de ingreso más frecuente fue neumotórax en doce sujetos. Los principales tratamientos efectuados fueron 16 laparotomías exploradoras (34,78; IC 95%: 22,68 a 49,23) y 12 pleurostomías (26,09; IC 95%: 15,60 a 40,26). La duración de la hospitalización distribuyó en forma asimétrica, con mediana de 3 días. Tuvimos 6 reingresos (13,04%) en los primeros 30 días posteriores al alta y una mortalidad. Conclusiones Los hechos de violencia en estos 2 centros penitenciarios en Santiago, son un diagnóstico que se presenta en la urgencia de nuestro hospital, con lesiones de distinta gravedad y tratamiento. Resulta necesario adelantarse a estos escenarios, donde ahora sabemos que gran parte de ellos necesitará algún procedimiento o intervención.


Background Prisons are a source of inherent violence and an environment conducive to traumatic injuries. Aim The objective of this paper is to describe the income and evolution profile of hospitalized people deprived of liberty at the tertiary level due to trauma that occurred in two prison detention centers in Santiago, that enters our service. Materials and Method Descriptive study, included the review of clinical records in our hospital, during the period between August 2009 and December 2016. Results 88 consultations of people deprived of liberty, where 46 consultations for traumatic injuries were obtained. A symmetric distribution was observed for the variables age, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, hematocrit, hemoglobin and leukocyte count. The most frequent trauma site was the thorax and abdomen (including front face and full back), each with 18 patients (39.13% each). The most frequent diagnosis of admission was pneumothorax in twelve subjects. The main treatments were 16 exploratory laparotomies (34.78, 95% CI: 22.68 to 49.23) and 12 pleurostomies (26.09, 95% CI: 15.60 to 40.26). The duration of hospitalization distributed asymmetrically, with a median of 3 days. We had 6 readmissions (13.04%) in the first 30 days after discharge and one mortality. Conclusions The violence in this two prison detention centers, in Santiago, is a diagnosis that appears in the urgency of our hospital, with lesions of different severity and treatment. It is necessary to anticipate these scenarios, where we now know that a large part of them will need some procedure or intervention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Wounds and Injuries/surgery , Wounds and Injuries/etiology , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Prisons , Thoracic Injuries/epidemiology , Chile , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Abdominal Injuries/epidemiology
3.
Rev. MVZ Córdoba ; 22(3): 6191-6203, Sep.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-957324

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective. Description of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolates from calves <30 days of age from southern Chile. Material and methods. Necropsy and microbiology reports of 107 calves <30 days of age received at the Animal Pathology Institute between 2002 and 2015 were considered. Additionally, an antimicrobial resistance score was generated to allow comparisons among isolates with different antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. Results. There was no clear trend in antimicrobial resistance during the study period, with similar levels of resistance for E. coli, β-hemolytic E. coli and Salmonella spp. Approximately 50% of isolates were sensitive to antimicrobials, and between 19 and 36% of samples showed possible extended- or pan- drug resistance. Multiple different antimicrobial resistance patterns were found, including 32 for E. coli, 17 for β-hemolytic E. coli and 10 for Salmonella spp. Conclusions. Overall, E. coli samples were most sensitive to ceftriaxone; β-hemolytic E. coli to florfenicol; and Salmonella spp. to gentamicin. In contrast, these agents were resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin and oxytetracycline respectively. This study is unique in its approach and provides useful information for veterinarians and producers on the antibiotic resistance patterns of bacteria posing a serious threat to calves. These results can help field veterinarians to control and treat bacterial diarrhea in calves.


RESUMEN Objetivo. Describir los hallazgos de resistencia a antimicrobianos en aislados de Salmonella spp. y E. coli obtenidos de terneros de menos de 30 días de edad en el sur de Chile. Materiales y métodos. Se obtuvieron reportes de necropsia y microbiología de 107 terneros en el período comprendido entre 2002 y 2015. Adicionalmente se generó un Score de Resistencia a antimicrobianos para permitir la comparación entre aislados que fueron evaluados contra un set de distintos antimicrobianos. Resultados. No se observa una clara tendencia en la resistencia en el período en estudio, con similares niveles de resistencia observados para E. coli, E. coli β-hemolítica y Salmonella spp. Aproximadamente 50% de los aislados mostraron amplia sensibilidad a antimicrobianos, y entre 19 y 36% de los aislados demostraron potencial de resistencia extendida y pan resistencia respectivamente. Se encontraron múltiples patrones de resistencia, incluyendo 32 para E. coli, 17 para E. coli β-hemolítica y 10 para Salmonella spp. Conclusiones. En general, E. coli se mostró más sensible a ceftriaxona, E. coli β-hemolítica a Florfenicol y Salmonella spp. a gentamicina. En contraste, estos agentes fueron resistentes a amoxicilina, ampicilina y oxitetraciclina respectivamente. Este estudio es único en su aproximación y provee de información útil para médicos veterinarios y productores sobre los patrones de resistencia que amenazan la salud de los terneros. Estos resultados pueden ayudar a médicos veterinarios de campo a enfrentar y controlar efectivamente las diarreas en terneros.

4.
Rev Med Chil ; 143(1): 39-46, 2015 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25860267

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Preventive Health Examination of older people in Chile incorporates the timed up and go (TUG) and right and left unipodal stance test (RUPS and LUPS) as functional assessment methods. AIM: To assess if TUG and LUPS discriminate older people with different degrees of disability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: TUG, RUPS and LUPS were assessed in 860 participants aged 71.3 ± 6.9 years (591 females) attending a primary health care clinic. The results of the three tests were expressed in seconds. Participants were classified as non-disabled without any risk, non-disabled with risk and in risk of dependence, using the Functional Assessment of Older People of EFAM (the Spanish acronym), previously validated for Chilean older people. RESULTS: In all participants TUG, LUPS and RUPS values were 8.9 ± 3.6, 10 ± 10.6 and 9.7 ± 10.3 seconds (sec) respectively. Among non-disabled participants without risk, the values for TUG, RUPS and LUPS were: 7.9 ± 2.3, 12.7 ± 11.1 and 12.2 ± 10.9 sec respectively. The figures for non-disabled participants with risk were 8.4 ± 2.6, 8.8 ± 9.8 and 8.9 ± 9.8 sec respectively. The figures for participants in risk of dependence were 11.7 ± 5.3, 5.1 ± 7.8 and 4.5 ± 7.1 sec, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this group of older participants there is an association between the degree of disability and the results of TUG, RUPS and LUPS.


Subject(s)
Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disabled Persons , Female , Frail Elderly , Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Health Services for the Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Sex Factors
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(1): 39-46, ene. 2015. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-742549

ABSTRACT

Background: The Preventive Health Examination of older people in Chile incorporates the timed up and go (TUG) and right and left unipodal stance test (RUPS and LUPS) as functional assessment methods. Aim: To assess if TUG and LUPS discriminate older people with different degrees of disability. Material and Methods: TUG, RUPS and LUPS were assessed in 860 participants aged 71.3 ± 6.9 years (591 females) attending a primary health care clinic. The results of the three tests were expressed in seconds. Participants were classified as non-disabled without any risk, non-disabled with risk and in risk of dependence, using the Functional Assessment of Older People of EFAM (the Spanish acronym), previously validated for Chilean older people. Results: In all participants TUG, LUPS and RUPS values were 8.9 ± 3.6, 10 ± 10.6 and 9.7 ± 10.3 seconds (sec) respectively. Among non-disabled participants without risk, the values for TUG, RUPS and LUPS were: 7.9 ± 2.3, 12.7 ± 11.1 and 12.2 ± 10.9 sec respectively. The figures for non-disabled participants with risk were 8.4 ± 2.6, 8.8 ± 9.8 and 8.9 ± 9.8 sec respectively. The figures for participants in risk of dependence were 11.7 ± 5.3, 5.1 ± 7.8 and 4.5 ± 7.1 sec, respectively. Conclusions: In this group of older participants there is an association between the degree of disability and the results of TUG, RUPS and LUPS.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Body Mass Index , Interpersonal Relations , Obesity/psychology , Stress, Psychological/complications , Waist Circumference , Weight Gain , Cohort Studies
6.
Vet Microbiol ; 160(3-4): 319-26, 2012 Dec 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22776511

ABSTRACT

Equine coital exanthema (ECE), caused by equid herpesvirus 3 (EHV-3), has been recognized as an economically significant venereal disease for years. However, no infection models on the natural host have been established. In order to set up an experimental infection protocol, seronegative and seropositive mares were topically inoculated in the perineal region with 4 × 10(6)TCID(50)/ml of EHV-3. Clinical signs were then evaluated by means of a designed scoring system, and body temperature was recorded daily. Virological, and serological studies were also performed. Typical ECE lesions, with clinical scores of 90, 92, 160 and 172, were observed in the four seronegative animals. Only mild ECE lesions were observed in the two seropositive mares, being the clinical scores 53 and 41. Both groups of mares shed the virus, but the duration of virus shedding was shorter and its intensity was lower in seropositive mares than in seronegative ones. Moreover, EHV-3 antibody response was detected in both seronegative and seropositive mares after experimental infection and re-infection, being more moderate in seropositive ones. As a conclusion, EHV-3 infection of mares was experimentally achieved in a reproducible manner. The typical lesions of ECE were observed after topical EHV-3 infection in seronegative mares, in association with virus excretion and neutralizing antibody kinetics.


Subject(s)
Herpesviridae Infections/veterinary , Herpesvirus 3, Equid/physiology , Horse Diseases/immunology , Horse Diseases/pathology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Antibody Formation , Base Sequence , Female , Genotype , Herpesviridae Infections/immunology , Herpesviridae Infections/pathology , Herpesviridae Infections/virology , Horse Diseases/virology , Horses , Molecular Sequence Data , Sequence Alignment , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/immunology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/pathology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/virology , Time Factors , Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics , Virus Shedding
8.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 65(1): 43-53, 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-511222

ABSTRACT

Se realizó una revisión de los 1166 casos de lesiones conjuntivales recibidos por el Laboratorio de Patología Ocular del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile entre los años 1968-2005. En base a ella se describen los distintos diagnósticos histopatológicos según su frecuencia, distribución por sexo, edad, localización y tiempo de evolución. La edad promedio para los casos fue de 36 años con un 51,5 por ciento de hombres afectados y un tiempo de evolución promedio de 68 meses. Las lesiones más frecuentes fueron las pigmentarias (44,2 por ciento), seguidas de las epiteliales (22,7 por ciento) y los cuadros infecciosos (10,9 por ciento). La localización más frecuente para todas las lesiones fue bulbar. Se estableció, además, una correlación entre los diagnósticos clínicos e histopatológicos, la cual resultó ser positiva en un 60,9 por ciento, siendo marcadamente superior para las lesiones pigmentarias e inferior para lesiones degenerativas, cuadros infecciosos y tumores clasificados como pre-malignos o malignos.


We made a retrospective review of 1166 cases of conjuntival lesions, accepted for its study at the Laboratory of Ocular Pathology, University of Chile, from 1968 to 2005. Based on this survey, different histopathologic diagnosis were described, characterized by its frequency, gender distribution, age, location and time of evolution. The average age was 36 years, with a 51,5 percent being male, and an average time of evolution of 68 months. Most frequent lesions were pigmented (44,2 percent), followed by epithelial (22, 7 percent), and infectious diseases (10,9 percent). The most frequent location was bulbar. A clinical - pathologic correlation was established, being positive in 60,9 percent of cases. It was noticeable superior for pigmented lesions, and inferior for degenerative lesions, infectious disease and tumors classified as pre malignants or malignants.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Middle Aged , Conjunctival Diseases/epidemiology , Conjunctival Diseases/pathology , Age and Sex Distribution , Clinical Evolution , Chile/epidemiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Conjunctival Diseases/diagnosis , Incidence , Conjunctival Neoplasms/epidemiology , Recurrence , Retrospective Studies
9.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 65(1): 17-28, 2008. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-511224
11.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 63(2): 307-310, nov. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-729254

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar las características clínicas y resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de las Exotropias (XT) Consecutivas (secundarias a cirugía de endotropias). Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de 61 casos tratados quirúrgicamente con retroceso bilateral de Rectos Laterales (RcRLs) cuando no existía aducción comprometida, o con Avanzamiento de Recto (s) Medio (s) (AvRM) en presencia de aducción deficitaria. Resultados: El rango de desviación preoperatorio fue de – 12 dioptrías prismáticas (dp) a – 70 dp (promedio: - 29 dp). Diecinueve casos tenían aducción pobre y compromiso de convergencia y se les practicó AvRM; a los restantes 42 se les practicó RcRLs. Lograron alineamiento (+/- 10 dp de la ortoposición) 12/19 (63.2 por ciento) en el primer grupo y 27/42 (64.3 por ciento) en el segundo. El porcentaje de sobre y subcorrecciones fue similar en ambos grupos. La insuficiencia de convergencia fue marcador de mal pronóstico en los casos sometidos a RcRLs. El ajuste postoperatorio se asoció a buen resultado en los casos con AvRM. Conclusiones: El manejo quirúrgico de las XT Consecutivas arroja resultados similares a los comunicados para XT primarias. En la evaluación preoperatoria es fundamental considerar el estado de las ducciones musculares, lo que determinará la técnica quirúrgica a emplear.


Objective: To evaluate clinical characteristics of a group of patients with Consecutive XT and results of their surgical treatment. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on a group of 61 patients surgically managed with bilateral lateral rectus recession when they had no adduction deficit, or with medial rectus advancement in cases with poor adduction. Results: Patients had deviations between – 12 to – 70 pd (mean: - 29 pd). Nineteen cases had a V pattern and 18 an A pattern. Nineteen patients demonstrated poor adduction and convergence, and a medial rectus advancement was done on them. The other 42 patients were operated with bilateral lateral rectus recession. Succesful alignement (+/- 10 pd of orthoposition) was obtained in 12/19 (63,2 percent) patients of the first group and in 27/42 (64,3 percent) of the second one. Under and overcorrections were similar in both groups. Convergence insufficiency was associated to a bad prognosis in the bilateral lateral rectus recession group, and surgical adjustement to good prognosis in the medial rectus advancement group. Conclusions: The surgical management of Consecutive XT in this group of patients showed similar results to those published for Primary XT. A careful consideration of the adduction quality in the preoperative evaluation is very important to decide the best technique to employ in each case.


Subject(s)
Humans , Exotropia/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Strabismus/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
13.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 70(2): 87-90, 2005. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-437533

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso clínico de sífilis congénita diagnosticada antenatalmente mediante el uso de la reacción de la polimerasa en cadena (PCR) en líquido amniótico. La PCR permitiría identificar la espiroqueta en diferentes medios, como en sangre, líquido amniótico y líquido céfalo-raquídeo. Deberán desarrollarse nuevos protocolos para poder probar la efectividad de los tratamientos en base a esta técnica diagnóstica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Rabbits , Amniotic Fluid/microbiology , Amniotic Fluid/parasitology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Syphilis, Congenital/diagnosis , Syphilis, Congenital/blood , Chile/epidemiology , Prenatal Diagnosis/methods , Prenatal Diagnosis/trends , Prenatal Diagnosis , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Treponemal Infections/diagnosis , Treponemal Infections/blood , Treponemal Infections/transmission
14.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 61(1): 55-58, 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-416743

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar las características clínicas y resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de las Exotropías). Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de 53 casos tratados quirúrgicamente con retroceso bilateral de Rectos Laterales (RcRLs) cunado no existía aducción comprometida, o con Avanzamiento de Rectos(s) Medios(s) (AvRM) en presencia de aducción deficitaria. Resultados: El rango de desviación preoperatorio fue de -12 dioptrías prismáticas (dp) a -70 dp (promedio: -29). Dieciocho casos tenían aducción pobre y compromiso de convergencia y se les practicó AvRM; a los restantes 39 se les practicó RcRLs. Lograron alineamiento (± 10 dp de la ortoposición) 10/14 (76,9 por ciento) en el primer grupo y 26/39 (66,7 por ciento) en el segundo. El porcentaje de sobre y subcorrecciones fue similar en ambos grupos. La insuficiencia de convergencia fue marcador de mal pronóstico en los casos sometidos a RcRLs. El ajuste postoperatorio se asoció a un buen resultado en los casos con AvRM. Conclusiones: El manejo quirúrgico de las XT Consecutivas arroja resultados similares a los comunicados para XT primarias. En las evaluación preoperatoria es fundamental considerar el estado de las ducciones musculares, lo que determinará la técnica quirúrgica a emplear.


Subject(s)
Humans , Exotropia/surgery , Exotropia/therapy , Ocular Motility Disorders , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Retrospective Studies
15.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 61(1): 59-65, 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-416744

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Analizar los resultados quirúrgicos de las paresias unilaterales del oblicuo superior utilizando un esquema terapéutico basado en dos parámetros principales: desviación en posición primaria de mirada (ppm) y posición de máxima desviación, modificado según torsión, test de ducción forzada perioperatorio y test de tracción del oblicuo superior. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de 68 paresia unilaterales de un grupo total de 108 pacientes con paresias de oblicuo superior operados entre 1980 y 2002. 63,2 por ciento eran hombres, con edad promedio al momento de la cirugía de 15,7 ± 16,5 años. 53 por ciento eran congénitos, 22 por ciento adquiridos de origen traumático o postquirúrgico y 25 por ciento adquiridos de origen no precisado. La desviación promedio en posición primaria de mirada (ppm) fue 12,7 A (0-40 A). El seguimiento promedio fue 33,5 meses. Resultados: 54 casos fueron sometidos a cirugía de 1 solo músculo, logrando una desviación en ppm promedio de 1,7 ± 2,7 A. El porcentaje de corrección fue 81,9 por ciento. 14 pacientes recibieron cirugía sobre dos músculos obteniendo una desviación promedio en ppm de 5,0 ± 8,2 A, Con un 79 por ciento de corrección. El éxito global fue 83.6 por ciento definido como la desaparición de las molestias que generaron la consulta. El tortícolis preoperatorio disminuyó de 60,3 a 17 por ciento en el postoperatorio, siendo leve en todos los casos. Hubo necesidad de una reoperación en 5 casos (7,5 por ciento). Los tipos de paresias más frecuentes de acuerdo a la clasificación de Knpp fueron los tipo I (22,3 por ciento), III (32,8 por ciento) y IV (26,8 por ciento), por lo cual los procedimientos más frecuentes fueron: debilitamiento del oblicuo inferior ( n = 42), pliegue del oblicuo superior (n = 9) y retroceso del recto inferior contralateral (n = 2). En las desviaciones > 16 A el procedimiento más utilizado fue el debilitamiento de oblicuo inferior ipsilateral combinado con retroceso del recto inferior contralateral (n = 10). Conclusiones: El uso de un esquema terapéutico basado en los parámetros anteriormente mencionados permite una corrección satisfactoria en la gran mayoría de los casos de paresias de oblicuo superior y define el número y los músculos que deben ser intervenidos. Los resultados son comparables a otras series publicadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ophthalmoplegia/surgery , Ophthalmoplegia/complications , Ophthalmoplegia/diagnosis , Ophthalmoplegia/etiology , Trochlear Nerve , Trochlear Nerve Diseases , Eye Movements , Strabismus/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies
19.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; Rev. chil. enferm. respir;16(2): 78-84, abr.-jun. 2000. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-296158

ABSTRACT

El análisis de las pruebas de tipificación y de la resistencia a fármacos antituberculosos de micobacterias aisladas de pacientes seropositivos al VIH, en la década de los noventas, mostró una proporción de micobacterias no tuberculosas de 23,6 por ciento y una resistencia primaria y adquirida a los fármacos antituberculosos de primera línea de 17,5 por ciento y 43,9 por ciento respectivamente; estas cifras son significativamente más elevadas que las observadas en enfermos tuberculosos VIH(-). Estos hallazgos confirman la conveniencia de continuar la práctica sistemática de las pruebas mencionadas en todo aislamiento de micobacterias proveniente de pacientes VIH+, para adecuar oportunamente y de acuerdo a sus resultados, los esquemas terapéuticos a emplear


Subject(s)
Humans , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Mycobacterium avium Complex/classification , Mycobacterium avium Complex/drug effects , Mycobacterium avium Complex/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/classification , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Disease Notification/statistics & numerical data
20.
Rev Med Chil ; 128(11): 1205-14, 2000 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11347507

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Scleritis and episcleritis may extend to adjacent ocular tissues with blinding consequences and may be associated with potentially lethal systemic disorders. AIM: To evaluate the ocular complications and systemic disease associations of the different types of scleritis and episcleritis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty six patients with refractory scleritis and episcleritis were studied and treated during the period 1991 to 1998. RESULTS: Necrotizing type was the most common and severe category in the scleritis group of patients. A decrease in vision occurred in 58.3% of patients with scleritis v/s a 23.5% of patients with epiescleritis (p < 0.05). Uveitis was present in 35.4% of patients with scleritis and scleromalacia was present in 33.3% (p < 0.05). A specific disease association was uncovered in 51% of scleritis and in 38% of episcleritis patients. Rheumatoid arthritis, primary systemic vasculitic disease and Sjögren syndrome with vasculitis were the most common associated systemic diseases. Three patients with scleritis had tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS: Scleritis is more severe than episcleritis, and necrotizing scleritis is the most severe type of scleritis. Classification of scleritis and episcleritis provides valuable prognostic information. A meticulous approach for the detection of a specific associated disease must be undertaken. Scleritis associated with vasculitis has a worse ocular prognosis than other non infectious diseases. Cyclophosphamide is the most effective immunosuppressive treatment to control severe ocular involvement.


Subject(s)
Scleritis/drug therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Radiography , Recurrence , Scleritis/complications , Scleritis/diagnostic imaging , Treatment Outcome
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