Secondary metabolites of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.Dq-25 from barnacle / 中国药科大学学报

@#The chemical constituents of solid rice culture of the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp.Dq-25 from barnacle were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, C18 reversed silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization.Their structures were identified by the physical and chemical properties, and by various spectroscopic methods.Six compounds were isolated and identified as: demethyldihydropenicillic acid (1), dihydropenicillic acid (2), penicillic acid (3), fortisterol (4), 22E, 24R-3P, 5a-dihydroxyerogosta-7, 22-diene-6-one (5), and (22E, 24R)-ergosterol-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α, 9α-triol-6-one (6).Compound 1 was a new butyrolactone.MTT method was used to analyze cytotoxicity, and the result showed that compound 3 exhibited inhibitory activity on five cell lines, including K562, HeLa, SGC-7901, A542 and BEL-7402, with IC50 values of 38.0 ~ 105.0 μmol/L.

Isolation and Identification of the Coumarins from the Seeds of Clausena lansium and Study on Their Inhibitory Activity of α-glucosidase and Nematicidal Activity against Panagrellus redivivus / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To isolate and identify the coumarins from the seeds of Clausena lansium， and to study their inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase and nematicidal activity against Panagrellus redivivus. METHODS： Column chromatography， reversed phase silica gel column chromatography and HPLC method were used to separate and purify the coumarins from the seeds of C. lansium. The structures of compounds were identified according to physicochemical properties， 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. Using acarbose and avermectin as positive control， PNPG and Berman funnel methods were used to investigate the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and nematicidal activity against P. redivivus， respectively. RESULTS： Seven coumarins compounds were isolated from the seeds of C. lansium， and were identified as 7-hydroxy-1-benzopiran-2-one （Ⅰ）， Wampetin （Ⅱ）， Lansiumarin-C （Ⅲ）， Claucoumarin A （Ⅳ）， Clausenalansimin A （Ⅴ）， （E，E）-8-（7-hydroxy-3，7-dimethylocta-2，5-dienyloxy） psoralen （Ⅵ）， Dihydroindicolactone （Ⅶ）. Under 0.25 mg/mL， the α-glucosidase inhibitory rates of compounds Ⅰ， Ⅲ， Ⅴ were （32.4±1.9）％，（37.1±6.0）％， （39.5±1.1）％， respectively. Under 2.5 mg/mL， corrected mortality of compounds Ⅰ， Ⅳwere 50.5％ and 47.9％. CONCLUSIONS： Compounds Ⅰ， Ⅲ， Ⅴ show α-glucosidase inhibitory activity， and compounds Ⅰ，Ⅳ display nematicidal activity against P. redivivus.  α-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of compounds Ⅲ， Ⅴ， and nematicidal activity of compound Ⅳ are found for the first time.

Analysis of the Difference of Volatile Oil Components from the Leaves of Clausena lansium and Clausena excavata by GC-MS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To analyze the difference of volatile oil components from the leaves of Clausena lansium and Clausena excavata. METHODS： The volatile oil was extracted from the leaves of C. lansium and C. excavata by steam distillation. GC-MS method was adopted to analyze volatile oil to obtain TIC. After mass spectra scanning of the chromatographic peaks in the TIC diagram by HPMSD chemical workstation， chemical components of volatile oil in 2 kinds of samples were identified by retrieving and comparing mass spectrum database NIST Version 1.7. The peak area normalization method was used to calculate the relative mass fraction of each component. RESULTS： A total of 43 and 31 kinds of components were identified in volatile oil from the leaves of C. lansium and C. excavata； total relative mass fractions were 97.59％ and 98.57％. Relative mass fractions of 19 and 18 components in volatile oil from the leaves of C. lansium and C. excavata were more than 1％， mainly being sesquiterpenoids. Relative mass fractions of 7 and 5 components in volatile oil from the leaves of C. lansium and C. excavata were more than 5％； the volatile components in volatile oil from the leaves of C. lansium were mainly （-）-spatol （12.35％） and （E）-5-{（1R，3R，6S）-2，3-dimethyltricyclic [2.2.1.02，6] heptane-3-yl}-2-methyl pentane-2-enol （14.70％）； those from the leaves of C. excavata were mainly （E）-sesquihydrated betuline （24.94％） and 1-（1， 5-dimethy-4-hexenyl）-4-methyl-benzene （16.15％）. A total of 4 components were found in volatile oil from the leaves of C. lansium and C. excavata， mainly being α-humulene， （E）-5-{（1R，3R，6S）-2，3-dimethyltricyclic [2.2.1.02，6] heptane-3-yl}-2-methylpentaeryl-2-enol， caryophyllene oxide and （-）-spatol； the content differences of them were not significant. CONCLUSIONS： The components of volatile oils from the leaves of C. lansium and C. excavata are basically similar However， the composition and comtent of specific components are quiet different and can not substituted for each other.

Clinical research of cerebral microbleeds in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate the frequency and location of cerebral microbleeds in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarct and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) to understand the imaging and clinical features of the disease.Methods Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and susceptibility-weighted imaging were assessed in seven symptomatic CADASIL patients in People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from 2014 to 2017.Imaging features and clinical significance of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results The seven patients were diagnosed by Notch3 gene detection.Mutations were found in exon 11 in four cases,and in exon 4 in three cases.All the seven patients with CADASIL had cerebral microbleeds,the number of which was 108 (4-36).The number of cerebral microbleeds was found to be higher in cortico-subcortical region than in any other regions.One of CADASIL patients with cerebral microbleeds had intracerebral hemorrhage located in external capsule.The patient with intracerebral hemorrhage had hypertension and multiple cerebral microbleeds.Conclusions Cerebral microbleeds are common imaging characteristics in symptomatic CADASIL,most of which locate in cortico-subcortical region.Cerebral hemorrhage is one of the clinical manifestations of CADASIL patients.

The association between asymmetrically hypointense veins on susceptibility-weighted imaging and collateral circulation / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between asymmetrically hypointense veins (AHVs) on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and collateral circulation.Methods We retrospectively enrolled acute ischemic stroke patients with severe stenosis or occlusion of M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery ± intracranial internal carotid artery.All the patients underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI),SWI,and computed tomography angiography (CTA) of intracranial and cervical arteries within 72 hours from symptom onset.We explored the association of the level of AHVs with the degree of the regional leptomeningeal score (rLMC) on baseline CTA and other clinical and image data.The factors that might influence the prognosis of stroke were also analyzed.Results Fifteen patients with mild AHVs and 15 with extensive AHVs were enrolled in our study.The level of AHVs was positively correlated with CTA rLMC (r =0.481,P =0.007) and the degree of collateral circulation (r =0.402,P =0.028).Patients with extensive AHVs had better collateral status,smaller DWI infarction lesion ((11.62 ± 9.07) ml vs (95.77 ± 91.12) ml,t =3.559,P =0.001),and lower NIHSS scores on admission (6.47 ± 4.34 vs 12.33 ± 7.60,t =2.595,P =0.015)and at discharge (4.80 ± 4.69 vs 9.60 ± 7.03,t =2.200,P =0.036).The high degree of rLMC,small DWI lesion,young age and lower NIHSS scores,but not extensive AHVs were related with favorable outcome at 3 months after stroke.Conclusion Extensive AHVs can reflect good collateral circulation to some extent,but cannot be equivalent to or replace the collateral status.

Presenilin 1 gene mutation p.L226R in a Chinese early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease pedigree / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical presentation , the mutation of the pathogenic genes and imaging features in a Chinese Han early-onset Alzheimer's disease pedigree.Methods A pedigree of Alzheimer's disease was collected.The DNA sequence of presenilin 1 (PSEN1), presenilin 2, micro-tubule associated protein tau ,β-amyloid precursor protein gene was analyzed , the clinical presentation , results of accessory examination , neuropsychological evaluation of the proband were investigated and the point mutations of some members of the family , 50 sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients , 50 normal controls were verified.Results The proband of the family appeared as language impairment , memory loss, personality change, repeated language, visuospatial impairment, mental and behavior disorder.The gene detection showed p.L226R mutation in the condon 226 in the exon 7 of PSEN1 gene of the proband and five other family members (Ⅲ1 ,Ⅲ2 ,Ⅲ4 ,Ⅲ6 ,Ⅲ7 ).The mother of the proband had the suspicious symptoms , and the sister and the brother of the proband had the similiar symptoms with the proband , all of whom died.Fifty sporadic Alzheimer'disease patients and 50 unrelated normal subjects did not have the mutation .The computed tomographic angiography showed that the brain blood vessels were normal and 18 F-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET) showed brain atrophy and hypometabolism in frontotemporal regions, parietal regions, hippocampal areas, however, the MRI, MRA and 18F-FDG-PET of the two mutation carriers (Ⅲ6 ,Ⅲ7 ) were all normal.Conclusion We reported a novel mutation in an early-onset Alzheimer's disease family presented as language impairment in the early stage of the disease , the p.L226R mutation of PSEN1, which may be a pathogenic mutation to cause the family's dementia.

Metabolites from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. FJ-1 of Ceriops tagal / 药学学报

To investigate the chemical constituents of the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. FJ-1 of Ceriops tagal, the chemical constituents were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Their antibacterial activity was tested by paper disco diffusion method. Two compounds were isolated and identified as 7-hydroxy-deoxytalaroflavone (1), and deoxytalaroflavone (2). Compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 1 and 2 showed weak activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Isolation and identification of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus from a laboratory-breeding mouse

OBJECTIVE@#To analysis and identify a bacterium strain isolated from laboratory breeding mouse far away from a hospital.@*METHODS@#Phenotype of the isolate was investigated by conventional microbiological methods, including Gram-staining, colony morphology, tests for haemolysis, catalase, coagulase, and antimicrobial susceptibility test. The mecA and 16S rRNA genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. The base sequence of the PCR product was compared with known 16S rRNA gene sequences in the GenBank database by phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignment.@*RESULTS@#The isolate in this study was a gram positive, coagulase negative, and catalase positive coccus. The isolate was resistant to oxacillin, methicillin, penicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin erythromycin, et al. PCR results indicated that the isolate was mecA gene positive and its 16S rRNA was 1 465 bp. Phylogenetic analysis of the resultant 16S rRNA indicated the isolate belonged to genus Saphylococcus, and multiple sequence alignment showed that the isolate was Saphylococcus haemolyticus with only one base difference from the corresponding 16S rRNA deposited in the GenBank.@*CONCLUSIONS@#16S rRNA gene sequencing is a suitable technique for non-specialist researchers. Laboratory animals are possible sources of lethal pathogens, and researchers must adapt protective measures when they manipulate animals.

Composition and cytotoxic activity of the organic acids from Gracilaria lemaneiformis / 中国海洋药物

Objective To investigate the composition and cytotoxic activity of the organic acids extracted from a red alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis.Methods Growth inhibition rate of the extract on HeLa cell was determined by MTT assay.The composition and contents of the organic acids were analysed by GC-MS after methylied.Results The organic acids from Gracilaria lemaneiformis showed potent cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell,IC_(50)=6.5?g? mL~(-1).Thirteen compounds were characterized from methylied organic acids.The major constituent was palmitic acid methyl ester (61.34%).Their relative acids were mainly C_(16)or C_(18)fatty acids and phthalates.Of them,palmitic acid,stearic acid,palmitoleic acid,oleic acid and linoleic acid have been reported to show antitumor activity.Conclusion The fatty acids mentioned above maybe a part of antitumor components of Gracilaria lemaneiformis.