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1.
Theriogenology ; 202: 21-27, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36889048

ABSTRACT

The placenta is the main organ of pregnancy and is directly related to the proper development of the fetus. The correlation among some placental measurements and their respective neonates is widely studied in the human species. However, the studies regarding bitches are still limited. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate if there is a relationship between placental weight and volume and the weight of neonates at birth in the canine species, as well as its influence on their viability. In this work, 7 bitches, 18 neonates and their placentas were evaluated. The weight of the placentas was measured using an analytical balance and the volume was calculated by measuring the volume of water displaced after placing it in a container of water. The neonates were weighed and classified according to the Apgar score after birth. Samples from each placenta were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin, then placed on slides and stained in hematoxylin and eosin. From these samples, the microvascular density (MVD) was calculated, as well as the presence or absence of necrosis, calcification and haemorrhage, classified in scores from 0 to 2. Data were analyzed using Kendall's test. The mean weight of the placentas was 29.11 ± 11.06 g and the volume was 21.33 ± 10.65 cm³. The mean weight of the neonates was 282.94 ± 123.28 g and the Apgar score was 8.83 ± 2.06. The mean MVD of the placentas was 0.04 ± 0.01. A positive correlation was observed between birth weight and placental weight and volume. Placental weight also positively correlated with placental volume. Also, no significant correlation was found between MVD and alterations with placental weight and volume and with the weight and Apgar score of neonates. Among the microscopic changes, only necrosis showed a moderate correlation with placental weight and volume. It can be concluded that the placenta has an influence on the weight of neonates, which is essential for its development in intra and extrauterine life. However, more studies are required in the described species, to better elucidate these questions.


Subject(s)
Parturition , Placenta , Pregnancy , Animals , Dogs , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Apgar Score , Birth Weight , Fetus
2.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 921: 174869, 2022 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35247379

ABSTRACT

Metal coordination complexes are chemotherapeutic and anti-inflammatory agents. The ruthenium complex FOR811A ([Ru(bpy)2(2-MIM)Cl](PF6)3) FOR811A was evaluated in mice models of acute inflammation and behavioral tests. Animals received FOR811A (3, 10 or 30 mg/kg; i.p.), indomethacin (20 mg/kg; i.p.), L-NAME (20 mg/kg; i.v.) aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg; i.p.) or dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg; s.c.) 30 min before inflammatory stimulation. Paw edema was induced by carrageenan (400 µg/paw), TNF-α or L-arginine (15 nmol/paw) (5 ng/paw) and evaluated by hydropletismometry 4 h later. Peritonitis was induced by carrageenan (500 µg; i.p.) and evaluated 4 h later for hypernociception and quantification of total/differential leukocytes, total protein reduced glutathione (GSH) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). FOR811A inhibited the paw edema induced by carrageenan at 3 (64%; p < 0.0001), 10 (73%; p < 0.0001) and 30 mg/kg (66%; p < 0.0001), and at 10 mg/kg that induced with L-arginine by 75% or TNF-α by 55% (p = 0.0012). Paw tissues histological analysis showed reduction in mast cells (46%; p = 0.0027), leukocyte infiltrate (66%; p < 0.0001), edema and hemorrhagic areas. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed inhibition of iNOS (62%; p < 0.0001) and TNF-α (35%; p < 0.0001). In the peritonitis model FOR811A increased (2.8X; p < 0.0001) hypernociceptive threshold, reduced total leukocytes (29%; p < 0.0001), neutrophils (47%; p = 0.0003) and total proteins (36%; p = 0.0082). FOR811A also inhibited MPO (47%; p = 0.0296) and increased GSH (1.8X; p < 0.0001). In the behavioral tests, FOR811A reduced (30.6%) the number of crossings in the open field, and increased (16%) the number of falls in the Rota rod. Concluding, FOR811A presents anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, via nitric oxide pathway.


Subject(s)
Nitric Oxide , Organometallic Compounds , 2,2'-Dipyridyl/analogs & derivatives , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/adverse effects , Carrageenan/adverse effects , Edema/chemically induced , Edema/drug therapy , Edema/metabolism , Inflammation/chemically induced , Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/metabolism , Mice , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Organometallic Compounds/pharmacology , Organometallic Compounds/therapeutic use
3.
Microsc Res Tech ; 84(2): 313-325, 2021 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32959457

ABSTRACT

Populations of gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) are declining; yet, knowledge on the reproductive biology of this species remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to describe morphology, viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, morphometry, micromorphology, and ultrastructure of the gray brocket deer sperm. Three adult male gray brocket deer were used in the study. Semen collection was performed using electroejaculation. Semen were analyzed by evaluating pH, motilities, vigor, mass movement, volume, concentration, viability, membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, morphology, and morphometry. Micromorphology and ultrastructure of sperm were analyzed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), respectively. There was no significant difference among males regarding on pH, motilities, vigor, mass movement, volume, concentration, viability. High values for membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, and normal sperm were observed. The most frequent defects were simple bent tail and bowed midpiece. The head length, and width, midpiece, and tail length were 8.5, 4.4, 11.5, and 41.3 µm, respectively. SEM sperm showed paddle-shaped heads, with apical ridge and serrated band on the equatorial segment. TEM revealed the nucleus, acrosome, plasma membrane, mitochondria sheath, proximal centrioles, segmented columns, axoneme, outer dense fibers, and fibrous sheath. SEM and TEM showed the presence of some abnormalities. These results are expected to provide baseline values of diverse semen parameters, contributing toward the development of reproductive biotechnologies for gray brocket deer and, other deer species at risk of extinction.


Subject(s)
Deer , Semen Analysis/veterinary , Semen/cytology , Spermatozoa/cytology , Spermatozoa/ultrastructure , Animals , Endangered Species , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male
4.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 31(3): 155-171, 2021. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1369132

ABSTRACT

As miocardiopatias são as cardiopatias mais comumente diagnosticadas em felinos domésticos. A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) soma a maioria dos casos de cardiomiopatias em pacientes atendidos na rotina da medicina interna de felinos. Gatos com doenças cardíacas podem não apresentar manifestações clínicas evidentes podendo apresentar sinais sutis de insuficiência cardíaca (IC) ao longo do tempo de modo que em um dado momento descompensam e evidenciam sinais clínicos. O pimobendan é um fármaco denominado inodilatador devido a sua capacidade de promover inotropismo positivo e vasodilatação. Apesar de escassos, os estudos existentes com a utilização de pimobendan demonstram boa tolerância em gatos saudáveis e com cardiopatias diversas. Atualmente, o uso do pimobendan em gatos é extra bula e a dose baseia-se em estudos realizados com cães. No entanto, sabe-se que as concentrações plasmáticas diferem entre as espécies o que pode requerer possíveis ajustes. A terapia da IC em gatos é bastante discutida e evidências recentes demonstram que o pimobendan pode ser um aliado no tratamento de diversas doenças cardíacas que levem à disfunção sistólica sendo capaz de prover melhora dos sinais clínicos e até aumento da expectativa de vida desses pacientes. Contudo, pesquisas são necessárias para melhor entendimento dos efeitos hemodinâmicos do medicamento em gatos com disfunção diastólica.


Myocardiopathies are the most diagnosed heart disease in domestic cats. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) adds up to most cases of cardiomyopathies in patients seen in the routine of feline internal medicine. Cats with heart disease may not have evident clinical manifestations and may show subtle signs of heart failure (HF) over time so that at a given moment they decompensate and show clinical symptoms. Pimobendan is an inodilator drug due to its ability to promote positive inotropism and vasodilation. Although scarce, the existing studies with the use of pimobendan demonstrate good tolerance in healthy cats with various heart diseases. Currently, the use of pimobendan in cats is off-label and the dose is based on studies conducted in dogs. However, it is known that plasma concentrations differ between species, which may require possible adjustments. The therapy of HF in cats is widely discussed and recent evidence shows that pimobendan can be an ally in the treatment of various heart diseases that lead to systolic dysfunction, being able to provide improvement in clinical signs and even increase the life expectancy of these patients. However, research is necessary to better understand the hemodynamic effects of the drug in cats with diastolic dysfunction.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cardiotonic Agents/analysis , Cardiotonic Agents/therapeutic use , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Heart Failure/veterinary , Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy , Cardiomyopathies/veterinary
5.
Eur J Pharmacol ; 880: 173130, 2020 Aug 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32360975

ABSTRACT

Pinitol is a natural antidiabetic agent shown to prevent or ameliorate metabolic and overall vascular and neural function. In the present study we have evaluated the potential benefits of pinitol on renal function of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Both euglycemic or 8-week or 16-week diabetic rats were treated with either saline (1 ml/kg/12h; p.o) or pinitol (20 mg/kg/12h; p.o). The renal function was evaluated by using metabolic cages, renal hemodynamic and tubular parameters measurements. Histological examination and evaluation of the protein expression of renal markers such as nephrin, TGFß and pERK were also performed. Pinitol decreased by 50% the increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio in both 8-week and 16 week diabetic rats. In addition, the glomerular volume of 16-week rats increased by 55% and this increase was blunted by pinitol. Remarkably, pressure-natriuresis was completely blunted in both 8 and 16-week diabetic rats but this impairment was prevented by pinitol in both treatment regimens. Pinitol ameliorated renal lesions and also prevented the decrease in nephrin expression and the increase of pERK and TGFß expression in both diabetic groups. Natriuresis due to high renal perfusion pressure increased 7-fold in control animals but was blocked in 16-week diabetic rats and remarkably pinitol partially restored pressure natriuresis (3-fold increase in sodium excretion during pressure natriuresis). Pinitol prevents and ameliorates albuminuria, glomerular expansion, impairment of pressure-natriuresis, renal structural alterations and changes of renal markers and has the potential to be tested for the prevention of diabetic kidney disease.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Inositol/analogs & derivatives , Kidney/drug effects , Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Albuminuria/drug therapy , Albuminuria/metabolism , Albuminuria/pathology , Albuminuria/physiopathology , Animals , Creatinine/urine , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology , Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism , Hemodynamics , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Inositol/pharmacology , Inositol/therapeutic use , Kidney/pathology , Kidney/physiology , Male , Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
6.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 30(3): 36-47, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-29978

ABSTRACT

A obstrução uretral é uma condição urológica considerada comum e potencialmente fatal na doença do trato urinário inferior (DTUIF). Os principais sinais clínicos da obstrução uretral são: polaquiúria, disúria, hematúria, periúria, insucesso na micção, angústia, anorexia, hipotermia, ausência de libido ou ereção e durante o exame clínico observa-se a vesícula urinária repleta e firme, condições que conduzem à necessidade de intervenção imediata. Diante disso, o objetivo do trabalho foi descrever e comparar alterações clínicas e hematológicas de gatos com doença do trato urinário inferior obstrutiva e gatos saudáveis. No estudo, foram admitidos 30 gatos e distribuídos em dois grupos: o grupo controle composto por animais sem afecções clínicas notáveis e o grupo obstruído com animais diagnosticados clinicamente com quadro de obstrução urinária. Foi realizada anamnese detalhada dos animais, histórico, realização de exame físico geral com ênfase no trato urinário, ultrassonografia e exame hematológico completo. As principais alterações clínicas dos animais obstruídos foram desidratação, mucosas hipocoradas e hipotermia. O hemograma dos animais obstruídos revelou diferença significativa (p<0,05) para as médias encontradas quando comparados com o grupo controle para contagem de eritrócitos, concentração de hemoglobina e volume globular, tendo o grupo obstruído apresentado valores inferiores ao controle. Pode-se concluir que os exames hematológicos podem identificar alterações importantes do quadro inflamatório geral em animais obstruídos, apresentando neutrofilia, linfopenia e monocitose. Além disso, observou-se que o monitoramento longitudinal possibilita acompanhar a progressão da enfermidade e o risco de anemia bem como a melhora do quadro clínico.(AU)


Urethral obstruction is a urological condition considered to be common and potentially fatal in lower urinary tract disease (DTUIF). The main clinical signs of urethral obstruction are: pollakiuria, dysuria, hematuria, periuria, urination failure, anguish, anorexia, hypothermia, absence of libido or erection and during the clinical examination a full and firm urinary vesicle is observed, conditions that lead to the need for immediate intervention. Therefore, the objective of the study was to describe and compare clinical and hematological changes in cats with obstructive lower urinary tract disease and healthy cats. In the study, 30 cats were admitted and distributed in two groups: the control group composed of animals without clinical diseases and the obstructed group with animals clinically diagnosed with urinary obstruction. Detailed anamnesis of the animals, history, general physical examination with emphasis on urinary examination, ultrasound and complete hematological examination were performed. The main clinical changes in the obstructed animals were dehydration, bleached mucous membranes and hypothermia. The blood count of the obstructed animals showed a significant difference (p <0.05) to the average found when compared to the control group for erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and globular volume, and the obstructed group presented values lower than the control. It can be concluded that hematological tests can identify important changes in the general inflammatory condition in obstructed animals, presenting neutrophilia, lymphopenia and monocytosis. In addition, longitudinal monitoring allows the progress of the disease and the risk of anemia to be monitored, as well as improvements in the clinical condition.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cat Diseases , Urologic Diseases/blood , Urologic Diseases/diagnosis , Urologic Diseases/veterinary , Urethral Obstruction/veterinary
7.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 30(3): 36-47, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472647

ABSTRACT

A obstrução uretral é uma condição urológica considerada comum e potencialmente fatal na doença do trato urinário inferior (DTUIF). Os principais sinais clínicos da obstrução uretral são: polaquiúria, disúria, hematúria, periúria, insucesso na micção, angústia, anorexia, hipotermia, ausência de libido ou ereção e durante o exame clínico observa-se a vesícula urinária repleta e firme, condições que conduzem à necessidade de intervenção imediata. Diante disso, o objetivo do trabalho foi descrever e comparar alterações clínicas e hematológicas de gatos com doença do trato urinário inferior obstrutiva e gatos saudáveis. No estudo, foram admitidos 30 gatos e distribuídos em dois grupos: o grupo controle composto por animais sem afecções clínicas notáveis e o grupo obstruído com animais diagnosticados clinicamente com quadro de obstrução urinária. Foi realizada anamnese detalhada dos animais, histórico, realização de exame físico geral com ênfase no trato urinário, ultrassonografia e exame hematológico completo. As principais alterações clínicas dos animais obstruídos foram desidratação, mucosas hipocoradas e hipotermia. O hemograma dos animais obstruídos revelou diferença significativa (p<0,05) para as médias encontradas quando comparados com o grupo controle para contagem de eritrócitos, concentração de hemoglobina e volume globular, tendo o grupo obstruído apresentado valores inferiores ao controle. Pode-se concluir que os exames hematológicos podem identificar alterações importantes do quadro inflamatório geral em animais obstruídos, apresentando neutrofilia, linfopenia e monocitose. Além disso, observou-se que o monitoramento longitudinal possibilita acompanhar a progressão da enfermidade e o risco de anemia bem como a melhora do quadro clínico.


Urethral obstruction is a urological condition considered to be common and potentially fatal in lower urinary tract disease (DTUIF). The main clinical signs of urethral obstruction are: pollakiuria, dysuria, hematuria, periuria, urination failure, anguish, anorexia, hypothermia, absence of libido or erection and during the clinical examination a full and firm urinary vesicle is observed, conditions that lead to the need for immediate intervention. Therefore, the objective of the study was to describe and compare clinical and hematological changes in cats with obstructive lower urinary tract disease and healthy cats. In the study, 30 cats were admitted and distributed in two groups: the control group composed of animals without clinical diseases and the obstructed group with animals clinically diagnosed with urinary obstruction. Detailed anamnesis of the animals, history, general physical examination with emphasis on urinary examination, ultrasound and complete hematological examination were performed. The main clinical changes in the obstructed animals were dehydration, bleached mucous membranes and hypothermia. The blood count of the obstructed animals showed a significant difference (p <0.05) to the average found when compared to the control group for erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and globular volume, and the obstructed group presented values lower than the control. It can be concluded that hematological tests can identify important changes in the general inflammatory condition in obstructed animals, presenting neutrophilia, lymphopenia and monocytosis. In addition, longitudinal monitoring allows the progress of the disease and the risk of anemia to be monitored, as well as improvements in the clinical condition.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Urologic Diseases/diagnosis , Urologic Diseases/blood , Urologic Diseases/veterinary , Cat Diseases , Urethral Obstruction/veterinary
8.
Ci. Anim. bras. ; 20: e.55398, out. 24, 2019. ilus, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-24650

ABSTRACT

Canine endocrinopathies, such as hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocortism,induce typical dermatological alterations. Collagen fibers are significant for the maintenance of structural integrity,as well as in the determination of tissue function. This study aimed at assessing the coloration caused by Picrosirius Red staining under circular polarization and Masson Trichrome staining, as tools to quantify the total collagen in the skin of dogs exhibiting endocrine dermatopathies. Skin samples taken from dogs with hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Massons Trichrome (MT) and Picrosirius Red (PSR). The animals with hyperadrenocorticism revealed a higher percentage of collagen area than did the animals with hypothyroidism PSRp (hypothyroidism = 43.76 ± 0.8255 and hyperadrenocorticism = 47.08 ± 0.8584). The percentage of the collagen area using MT between the groups is given in parenthesis (hypothyroidism = 52.06 ± 0.9371, hyperadrenocorticism = 61 ± 0.7529 and control = 56.88 ± 0.64) (p <0.05). It is therefore, evident that the special stains employed are useful in estimating the percentage of collagen area in the skin, as they revealed that dogs with hypothyroidism had lower collagen deposition whereas those animals with hyperadrenocorticism showed higher quantity of collagen in the dermis.(AU)


Endocrinopatias caninas como hipotireoidismo e o hiperadrenocortismo causam alterações dermatológicas características. As fibras de colágeno desempenham um papel vital na manutenção da integridade estrutural e também na determinação da função dos tecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as colorações de picrosirius red sob polarização circular e coloração tricômio de Masson como ferramentas para quantificar o colágeno total da pele de cães com dermatopatias endócrinas. Amostras de pele obtidas de cães com hipotireoidismo e hiperadrenocorticismo foram coradas por Hematoxilina e Eosina (HE), Tricrômio de Masson (MT) e Picrosirius red (PSR). A porcentagem de área de colágeno foi maior nos animais com hiperadrenocorticismo e menor nos animais com hipotireoidismo PSRp (hipotireoidismo = 43,76 ± 0.8255 e hiperadrenocorticismo = 47,08 ± 0.8584). Já a porcentagem de área de colágeno no MT entre os grupos (hipotireoidismo = 52,06 ± 0.9371, hiperadrenocorticismo = 61 ± 0,7529 e controle = 56,88 ± 0.64) (p <0.05). Concluiu-se que as colorações especiais utilizadas são úteis para avaliar a porcentagem de área de colágeno na pele, pois demonstraram que cães com hipotireoidismo demonstraram uma diminuição na deposição de colágeno e os animais com hiperadrenocorticismo apresentaram maior quantidade de colágeno na derme.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Collagen/analysis , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/veterinary , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Hypothyroidism/veterinary , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/diagnosis , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/veterinary , Fibrosis/veterinary , Endocrine System Diseases/diagnosis , Endocrine System Diseases/veterinary
9.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 29(1): 121-128, 2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-21636

ABSTRACT

A doença renal é a enfermidade mais frequentemente diagnosticada em animais de companhia e a segunda causa de morte em gatos, sendo o distúrbio mais comum envolvendo os rins de gatos e cães. O diagnóstico é realizado com base no histórico do animal, sinais clínicos associados à exames séricos e de imagem. A complexidade em se realizar o diagnóstico precoce reside na ausência de sinais clínicos nos estágios iniciais da doença. Geralmente, o diagnóstico ocorre em fases mais avançadas da doença renal em que, devido à elevada perda da função renal, culmina no aparecimento dos sinais clínicos. Neste relato de caso, dois gatos sem raça definida foram atendidos em um hospital veterinário particular em Fortaleza/CE para realização da consulta de rotina e, por meio da dos achados observados através dos exames complementares - bioquímica sérica, urinálise e ultrassonografia - foi possível realizar precocemente o diagnóstico de doença renal crônica.(AU)


Kidney disease is the most frequently diagnosed disease in companion animals and the second leading cause of death in cats, being the most common disorder involving the kidneys of cats and dogs. The diagnosis is made based on the animal's history, clinical signs associated with serum and imaging tests. The complexity in performing the early diagnosis is in the absence of clinical signs at the initial stages of the disease. Generally, the diagnosis occurs in more advanced stages of renal disease in which, due to high loss of renal function, culminates in the appearance of clinical signs. In this case report, two undefined cats were treated at a private veterinary hospital in Fortaleza / CE for a routine visit and, through the findings observed through complementary tests - serum biochemistry, urinalysis and ultrasonography - it was possible early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/veterinary , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnostic imaging
10.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 29(1): 63-82, 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-21570

ABSTRACT

A cistite idiopática felina (CIF) é uma enfermidade que comumente afeta gatos domiciliados, sendo uma das principais causas da doença do trato urinário inferior (DTUIF). O objetivo dessa revisão de literatura é abordar os aspectos gerais sobre a CIF, dados atuais sobre a epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, formas de diagnóstico e terapia, indicados para essa patologia que tanto acomete os felinos. As causas da CIF são pouco conhecidas e sua fisiopatologia é incerta, envolvendo associação entre estímulos estressantes e a resposta do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal e sistema nervoso simpático em gatos susceptíveis. Durante o desenvolvimento do quadro clínico a CIF caracteriza-se pela presença de sinais clínicos recorrentes como periúria, hematúria, disúria, estrangúria, polaquiúria, anúria, anorexia, hiporexia, êmese, apatia, diarreia, isolamento, lambedura excessiva na região perineal e abdome caudal, bem como a remoção de pelos da cauda. O diagnóstico é realizado através de anamnese, sinais clínicos, investigação detalhada através de exames laboratoriais e de imagem que possibilitem a exclusão de outras causas de DTUIF. O tratamento tem como objetivo reduzir a gravidade dos sinais clínicos e aumentar o intervalo entre a ocorrência dos quadros clínicos e, devido à sua fisiopatologia multifatorial, torna-se interessante realizar um tratamento multimodal. Assim, a terapêutica torna-se variável conforme os sinais clínicos apresentados pelo paciente, visando principalmente, o restabelecimento do fluxo urinário e analgesia. Além disso, devem ser realizadas melhores adaptações ao manejo do animal, bem como a adoção de medidas que aumentem a ingestão hídrica e minimizar fatores estressantes que possam contribuir para recorrência do quadro clínico.(AU)


Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is a common disease found in domiciled cats, being one of the main causes of lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). The purpose of this review is to address the general aspects of CIF, current data on the indicated epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy indicated for this pathology that affects both felines. Its causes are poorly understood and its pathophysiology is uncertain, involving the association between stressful stimuli and the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system in susceptible cats. During the development of the disease, FIC is characterized by the presence of recurrent clinical signs - periuria, hematuria, dysuria, strangury, polaquiuria, anuria, anorexia, hyporexia, emesis, apathy, diarrhea, isolation, excessive licking in the perineal region and caudal abdomen , as well as the removal of tail hairs. The diagnosis is made through anamnesis, clinical signs and detailed investigation through laboratorial and imaging exams that allow the exclusion of other causes of LUTD. The treatment aims to reduce the severity of clinical signs and increase the interval between the occurrence of clinical conditions and, due to its multifactor pathophysiology, it is interesting to perform a multimodal treatment. Thus, the therapy is variable according to the clinical signs presented by the patient aiming, mainly, the reestablishment of the urinary flow and analgesia. In addition, better adaptations to animal management should be made such as the adoption of measures that increase water intake and minimize stressors that may contribute to recurrence of the clinical picture. Keywords: Cat, lower urinary tract disease, stress, multimodal treatment.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cystitis/veterinary , Cystitis/diagnosis , Cystitis/diagnostic imaging , Cystitis/pathology , Cystitis/therapy
11.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 29(1): 63-82, 2019. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472460

ABSTRACT

A cistite idiopática felina (CIF) é uma enfermidade que comumente afeta gatos domiciliados, sendo uma das principais causas da doença do trato urinário inferior (DTUIF). O objetivo dessa revisão de literatura é abordar os aspectos gerais sobre a CIF, dados atuais sobre a epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, formas de diagnóstico e terapia, indicados para essa patologia que tanto acomete os felinos. As causas da CIF são pouco conhecidas e sua fisiopatologia é incerta, envolvendo associação entre estímulos estressantes e a resposta do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal e sistema nervoso simpático em gatos susceptíveis. Durante o desenvolvimento do quadro clínico a CIF caracteriza-se pela presença de sinais clínicos recorrentes como periúria, hematúria, disúria, estrangúria, polaquiúria, anúria, anorexia, hiporexia, êmese, apatia, diarreia, isolamento, lambedura excessiva na região perineal e abdome caudal, bem como a remoção de pelos da cauda. O diagnóstico é realizado através de anamnese, sinais clínicos, investigação detalhada através de exames laboratoriais e de imagem que possibilitem a exclusão de outras causas de DTUIF. O tratamento tem como objetivo reduzir a gravidade dos sinais clínicos e aumentar o intervalo entre a ocorrência dos quadros clínicos e, devido à sua fisiopatologia multifatorial, torna-se interessante realizar um tratamento multimodal. Assim, a terapêutica torna-se variável conforme os sinais clínicos apresentados pelo paciente, visando principalmente, o restabelecimento do fluxo urinário e analgesia. Além disso, devem ser realizadas melhores adaptações ao manejo do animal, bem como a adoção de medidas que aumentem a ingestão hídrica e minimizar fatores estressantes que possam contribuir para recorrência do quadro clínico.


Feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) is a common disease found in domiciled cats, being one of the main causes of lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). The purpose of this review is to address the general aspects of CIF, current data on the indicated epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy indicated for this pathology that affects both felines. Its causes are poorly understood and its pathophysiology is uncertain, involving the association between stressful stimuli and the response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system in susceptible cats. During the development of the disease, FIC is characterized by the presence of recurrent clinical signs - periuria, hematuria, dysuria, strangury, polaquiuria, anuria, anorexia, hyporexia, emesis, apathy, diarrhea, isolation, excessive licking in the perineal region and caudal abdomen , as well as the removal of tail hairs. The diagnosis is made through anamnesis, clinical signs and detailed investigation through laboratorial and imaging exams that allow the exclusion of other causes of LUTD. The treatment aims to reduce the severity of clinical signs and increase the interval between the occurrence of clinical conditions and, due to its multifactor pathophysiology, it is interesting to perform a multimodal treatment. Thus, the therapy is variable according to the clinical signs presented by the patient aiming, mainly, the reestablishment of the urinary flow and analgesia. In addition, better adaptations to animal management should be made such as the adoption of measures that increase water intake and minimize stressors that may contribute to recurrence of the clinical picture. Keywords: Cat, lower urinary tract disease, stress, multimodal treatment.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cystitis/diagnosis , Cystitis/diagnostic imaging , Cystitis/pathology , Cystitis/therapy , Cystitis/veterinary
12.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 29(1): 121-128, 2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472464

ABSTRACT

A doença renal é a enfermidade mais frequentemente diagnosticada em animais de companhia e a segunda causa de morte em gatos, sendo o distúrbio mais comum envolvendo os rins de gatos e cães. O diagnóstico é realizado com base no histórico do animal, sinais clínicos associados à exames séricos e de imagem. A complexidade em se realizar o diagnóstico precoce reside na ausência de sinais clínicos nos estágios iniciais da doença. Geralmente, o diagnóstico ocorre em fases mais avançadas da doença renal em que, devido à elevada perda da função renal, culmina no aparecimento dos sinais clínicos. Neste relato de caso, dois gatos sem raça definida foram atendidos em um hospital veterinário particular em Fortaleza/CE para realização da consulta de rotina e, por meio da dos achados observados através dos exames complementares - bioquímica sérica, urinálise e ultrassonografia - foi possível realizar precocemente o diagnóstico de doença renal crônica.


Kidney disease is the most frequently diagnosed disease in companion animals and the second leading cause of death in cats, being the most common disorder involving the kidneys of cats and dogs. The diagnosis is made based on the animal's history, clinical signs associated with serum and imaging tests. The complexity in performing the early diagnosis is in the absence of clinical signs at the initial stages of the disease. Generally, the diagnosis occurs in more advanced stages of renal disease in which, due to high loss of renal function, culminates in the appearance of clinical signs. In this case report, two undefined cats were treated at a private veterinary hospital in Fortaleza / CE for a routine visit and, through the findings observed through complementary tests - serum biochemistry, urinalysis and ultrasonography - it was possible early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnostic imaging , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/veterinary
13.
Ciênc. anim. bras. (Impr.) ; 20: e.55398, 2019. ilus, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1473707

ABSTRACT

Canine endocrinopathies, such as hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocortism,induce typical dermatological alterations. Collagen fibers are significant for the maintenance of structural integrity,as well as in the determination of tissue function. This study aimed at assessing the coloration caused by Picrosirius Red staining under circular polarization and Masson Trichrome staining, as tools to quantify the total collagen in the skin of dogs exhibiting endocrine dermatopathies. Skin samples taken from dogs with hypothyroidism and hyperadrenocorticism were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Masson’s Trichrome (MT) and Picrosirius Red (PSR). The animals with hyperadrenocorticism revealed a higher percentage of collagen area than did the animals with hypothyroidism PSRp (hypothyroidism = 43.76 ± 0.8255 and hyperadrenocorticism = 47.08 ± 0.8584). The percentage of the collagen area using MT between the groups is given in parenthesis (hypothyroidism = 52.06 ± 0.9371, hyperadrenocorticism = 61 ± 0.7529 and control = 56.88 ± 0.64) (p <0.05). It is therefore, evident that the special stains employed are useful in estimating the percentage of collagen area in the skin, as they revealed that dogs with hypothyroidism had lower collagen deposition whereas those animals with hyperadrenocorticism showed higher quantity of collagen in the dermis.


Endocrinopatias caninas como hipotireoidismo e o hiperadrenocortismo causam alterações dermatológicas características. As fibras de colágeno desempenham um papel vital na manutenção da integridade estrutural e também na determinação da função dos tecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as colorações de picrosirius red sob polarização circular e coloração tricômio de Masson como ferramentas para quantificar o colágeno total da pele de cães com dermatopatias endócrinas. Amostras de pele obtidas de cães com hipotireoidismo e hiperadrenocorticismo foram coradas por Hematoxilina e Eosina (HE), Tricrômio de Masson (MT) e Picrosirius red (PSR). A porcentagem de área de colágeno foi maior nos animais com hiperadrenocorticismo e menor nos animais com hipotireoidismo PSRp (hipotireoidismo = 43,76 ± 0.8255 e hiperadrenocorticismo = 47,08 ± 0.8584). Já a porcentagem de área de colágeno no MT entre os grupos (hipotireoidismo = 52,06 ± 0.9371, hiperadrenocorticismo = 61 ± 0,7529 e controle = 56,88 ± 0.64) (p <0.05). Concluiu-se que as colorações especiais utilizadas são úteis para avaliar a porcentagem de área de colágeno na pele, pois demonstraram que cães com hipotireoidismo demonstraram uma diminuição na deposição de colágeno e os animais com hiperadrenocorticismo apresentaram maior quantidade de colágeno na derme.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Collagen/analysis , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/veterinary , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/diagnosis , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/veterinary , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Hypothyroidism/veterinary , Endocrine System Diseases/diagnosis , Endocrine System Diseases/veterinary , Fibrosis/veterinary
14.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(3): 106-115, 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-19430

ABSTRACT

O hipotireoidismo canino é uma endocrinopatia comumente diagnosticada em cães. Os principais sinais clínicos presentes são os metabólicos (letargia, ganho de peso e intolerância a exercícios) e dermatológicos (pelagem seca e quebradiça, alopecia endócrina e mixedema). No entanto, alterações neuromusculares, cardíacas e reprodutivas também podem estar presentes. O diagnóstico é realizado através de informações do histórico do animal, sinais clínicos, exames de triagem e testes hormonais. O tratamento de escolha é a suplementação com levotiroxina sódica e a resposta do tratamento é satisfatória com remissão dos sinais clínicos, em até 6 meses de suplementação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de hipotireoidismo em um cão. Uma paciente canina, SRD, fêmea, castrada, quatro anos e pesando 44,5kg foi encaminhada para a consulta endocrinológica apresentando letargia, ganho de peso, termofilia e discreta rarefação pilosa na cauda. No hemograma e nas dosagens bioquímicas (ALT, GGT, FA, triglicerídeos e colesterol) não foram observadas alterações significativas. As dosagens hormonais de TSH e T4 livre foram realizadas e os resultados mostraram um TSH acima dos valores de referência para a normalidade (3,58 ng/mL) e um T4 livre abaixo dos valores de referência para a normalidade (0,41 ng/mL), assim o diagnóstico foi de hipotireoidismo. O tratamento instituído foi com levotiroxina sódica na dose de 20 mcg/ kg uma vez ao dia. Após 60 dias foi realizado o teste de reposição com levotiroxina e a reavaliação da paciente. Houve resposta satisfatória ao tratamento, com remissão dos sinais clínicos de letargia, intolerância a exercícios e ganho de peso.(AU)


Canine hypothyroidism is an endocrinopathy usually diagnosed in dogs. The main clinical signs present are metabolic (lethargy, weight gain and exercise intolerance) and dermatologic (dry, brittle hair coat, endocrine alopecia and myxedema). However, neuromuscular, cardiac, and reproductive changes may also be present. The diagnosis is accomplished by history, physical examination findings, clinicopathologic and measurement of hormones. The treatment of choice is levothyroxine sodium supplementation and treatment response is satisfactory with remission of clinical signs within 6 months of supplementation. This study aimed to report a case of hypothyroidism in a dog. A canine, mixed-breed, female, neutered, 4 years and weight 44.5 kg was forwarded to endocrinology assignment showing lethargy, weight gain, cold intolerance and discrete hair rarefaction on the tail. At the complete blood count and serum biochemistry (ALT, GGT, AP, triglycerides and cholesterol) no significant changes were observed. Baseline serum TSH and free T4 concentration were performed and the diagnosis of hypothyroidism was achieved by results of high TSH (3.58 ng / mL) and low free T4 (0.41 ng / mL). The treatment instituted was levothyroxine sodium dose of 20 mcg/ kg SID, after 60 days the replacement assay with levothyroxine and patient's evaluation was applied. There was a satisfactory response to the treatment by remission of clinical signs of lethargy, exercise intolerance and weight gain.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Hypothyroidism/drug therapy , Hypothyroidism/veterinary , Obesity/veterinary , Thyroxine/therapeutic use , Nutrition Therapy/veterinary , Endocrine System Diseases/drug therapy , Endocrine System Diseases/veterinary
15.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 28(3): 106-115, 2018. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1472404

ABSTRACT

O hipotireoidismo canino é uma endocrinopatia comumente diagnosticada em cães. Os principais sinais clínicos presentes são os metabólicos (letargia, ganho de peso e intolerância a exercícios) e dermatológicos (pelagem seca e quebradiça, alopecia endócrina e mixedema). No entanto, alterações neuromusculares, cardíacas e reprodutivas também podem estar presentes. O diagnóstico é realizado através de informações do histórico do animal, sinais clínicos, exames de triagem e testes hormonais. O tratamento de escolha é a suplementação com levotiroxina sódica e a resposta do tratamento é satisfatória com remissão dos sinais clínicos, em até 6 meses de suplementação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de hipotireoidismo em um cão. Uma paciente canina, SRD, fêmea, castrada, quatro anos e pesando 44,5kg foi encaminhada para a consulta endocrinológica apresentando letargia, ganho de peso, termofilia e discreta rarefação pilosa na cauda. No hemograma e nas dosagens bioquímicas (ALT, GGT, FA, triglicerídeos e colesterol) não foram observadas alterações significativas. As dosagens hormonais de TSH e T4 livre foram realizadas e os resultados mostraram um TSH acima dos valores de referência para a normalidade (3,58 ng/mL) e um T4 livre abaixo dos valores de referência para a normalidade (0,41 ng/mL), assim o diagnóstico foi de hipotireoidismo. O tratamento instituído foi com levotiroxina sódica na dose de 20 mcg/ kg uma vez ao dia. Após 60 dias foi realizado o teste de reposição com levotiroxina e a reavaliação da paciente. Houve resposta satisfatória ao tratamento, com remissão dos sinais clínicos de letargia, intolerância a exercícios e ganho de peso.


Canine hypothyroidism is an endocrinopathy usually diagnosed in dogs. The main clinical signs present are metabolic (lethargy, weight gain and exercise intolerance) and dermatologic (dry, brittle hair coat, endocrine alopecia and myxedema). However, neuromuscular, cardiac, and reproductive changes may also be present. The diagnosis is accomplished by history, physical examination findings, clinicopathologic and measurement of hormones. The treatment of choice is levothyroxine sodium supplementation and treatment response is satisfactory with remission of clinical signs within 6 months of supplementation. This study aimed to report a case of hypothyroidism in a dog. A canine, mixed-breed, female, neutered, 4 years and weight 44.5 kg was forwarded to endocrinology assignment showing lethargy, weight gain, cold intolerance and discrete hair rarefaction on the tail. At the complete blood count and serum biochemistry (ALT, GGT, AP, triglycerides and cholesterol) no significant changes were observed. Baseline serum TSH and free T4 concentration were performed and the diagnosis of hypothyroidism was achieved by results of high TSH (3.58 ng / mL) and low free T4 (0.41 ng / mL). The treatment instituted was levothyroxine sodium dose of 20 mcg/ kg SID, after 60 days the replacement assay with levothyroxine and patient's evaluation was applied. There was a satisfactory response to the treatment by remission of clinical signs of lethargy, exercise intolerance and weight gain.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Hypothyroidism/drug therapy , Hypothyroidism/veterinary , Obesity/veterinary , Nutrition Therapy/veterinary , Thyroxine/therapeutic use , Endocrine System Diseases/drug therapy , Endocrine System Diseases/veterinary
16.
Vet. Zoot. ; 24(2): 323-335, jun. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-16345

ABSTRACT

Venenos de serpentes são compostos por substâncias ativas complexas, sendo a maioria delas de natureza proteica, causando diversos efeitos no ser humano e animais domésticos podendo levar ao óbito. Philodryas nattereri é uma serpente nativa da região do Ceará, sendo encontrada em todo o estado. Esse estudo teve por objetivo conhecer as alterações morfofisiológicas de pele de camundongos após inoculação com o veneno total desta serpente. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos que receberam concentrações de 40µg/mL e 20 µg/mL respectivamente, inoculados via subcutânea, além de um terceiro grupo que recebeu via intradérmica 40µg/mL do veneno. Os resultados macroscópicos apresentaram a presença de uma crosta na região inoculada, bem como a presença de hemorragia, tal atividade foi confirmada por achado histopatológico. Microscopicamente, todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram infiltrado inflamatório linfoblástico e de polimorfonucleares, hemorragia, edema, e presença de fibrose. O veneno da serpente Philodryas nattereri alterou a arquitetura normal do tegumento. Nossos resultados corroboraram em demonstrar tais alterações, uma vez que esta substância tóxica de origem animal, presente na nossa biodiversidade nordestina apresenta poucos dados na literatura, sendo desta forma, uma importante ferramenta para estudos das alterações morfofisiológicas de pele.(AU)


Snake venoms are composed of complex active substances, most of them of protein nature, causing various effects on humans and domestic animals and can lead to death. Philodryas nattereri is a native snake Ceara region, found throughout the state. This study aimed to know the morphological and physiological changes in mouse skin after inoculation with the total venom this serpente. The animals were divided into two groups that received concentrations of 40µg/mL and 20µg/mL respectively, inoculated subcutaneously, and a third group that received intradermal 40µg/mL of the venom. The macroscopic results showed the presence of a crust in the inoculated area, and the presence of bleeding, this activity was confirmed by histopathological analysis. Microscopically, all experimental groups had lymphoblastic and polymorphonuclear inflammatory infiltration, hemorrhage, edema, and fibrosis. The venom of the snake Philodryas nattereri altered the normal integument architecture. Our results corroborate to demonstrate such changes, since this toxic substance of animal origin present in our Northeast biodiversity presents few literature data, thereby being an important tool for the study of morphological and physiological changes in the skin.(AU)


Los venenos de serpientes se componen de sustancias activas complejas, la mayoría de ellos de naturaleza proteica, provocando diversos efectos sobre los seres humanos y en los animales domésticos pueden llevar a la muerte. Philodryas nattereri es una serpiente nativa de la región de Ceará, que se encuentra en todo el estado. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer los cambios morfológicos y fisiológicos en la piel de ratones después de la inoculación con todo el veneno de esta serpiente. Los animales fueron divididos en dos grupos que recibieron las concentraciones de 40µg/mL y 20µg /mL, respectivamente, por vía subcutánea inoculado, y un tercer grupo recibieron intradérmica 40µg/mL veneno. Los resultados macroscópicos mostraron la presencia de una costra en el área inoculada, y la presencia de sangrado, esta actividad se confirmó por análisis histopatológica. Microscópicamente, todos los grupos experimentales tuvieron infiltración linfoblástica y polimorfonucleares inflamatoria, hemorragia, edema y fibrosis. El veneno de la serpiente Philodryas nattereri altera la arquitectura normal del tegumento. Nuestros resultados corroboran para demostrar tales cambios, ya que esta sustancia tóxica de origen animal presente en nuestra biodiversidad Northeast presenta pocos datos de la literatura, siendo por lo tanto una herramienta importante para el estudio de los cambios morfológicos y fisiológicos en la piel.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Snake Venoms/analysis , Skin/physiopathology , Integumentary System Physiological Phenomena
17.
Vet. zootec ; 24(2): 323-335, 017. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1503428

ABSTRACT

Venenos de serpentes são compostos por substâncias ativas complexas, sendo a maioria delas de natureza proteica, causando diversos efeitos no ser humano e animais domésticos podendo levar ao óbito. Philodryas nattereri é uma serpente nativa da região do Ceará, sendo encontrada em todo o estado. Esse estudo teve por objetivo conhecer as alterações morfofisiológicas de pele de camundongos após inoculação com o veneno total desta serpente. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos que receberam concentrações de 40µg/mL e 20 µg/mL respectivamente, inoculados via subcutânea, além de um terceiro grupo que recebeu via intradérmica 40µg/mL do veneno. Os resultados macroscópicos apresentaram a presença de uma crosta na região inoculada, bem como a presença de hemorragia, tal atividade foi confirmada por achado histopatológico. Microscopicamente, todos os grupos experimentais apresentaram infiltrado inflamatório linfoblástico e de polimorfonucleares, hemorragia, edema, e presença de fibrose. O veneno da serpente Philodryas nattereri alterou a arquitetura normal do tegumento. Nossos resultados corroboraram em demonstrar tais alterações, uma vez que esta substância tóxica de origem animal, presente na nossa biodiversidade nordestina apresenta poucos dados na literatura, sendo desta forma, uma importante ferramenta para estudos das alterações morfofisiológicas de pele.


Snake venoms are composed of complex active substances, most of them of protein nature, causing various effects on humans and domestic animals and can lead to death. Philodryas nattereri is a native snake Ceara region, found throughout the state. This study aimed to know the morphological and physiological changes in mouse skin after inoculation with the total venom this serpente. The animals were divided into two groups that received concentrations of 40µg/mL and 20µg/mL respectively, inoculated subcutaneously, and a third group that received intradermal 40µg/mL of the venom. The macroscopic results showed the presence of a crust in the inoculated area, and the presence of bleeding, this activity was confirmed by histopathological analysis. Microscopically, all experimental groups had lymphoblastic and polymorphonuclear inflammatory infiltration, hemorrhage, edema, and fibrosis. The venom of the snake Philodryas nattereri altered the normal integument architecture. Our results corroborate to demonstrate such changes, since this toxic substance of animal origin present in our Northeast biodiversity presents few literature data, thereby being an important tool for the study of morphological and physiological changes in the skin.


Los venenos de serpientes se componen de sustancias activas complejas, la mayoría de ellos de naturaleza proteica, provocando diversos efectos sobre los seres humanos y en los animales domésticos pueden llevar a la muerte. Philodryas nattereri es una serpiente nativa de la región de Ceará, que se encuentra en todo el estado. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer los cambios morfológicos y fisiológicos en la piel de ratones después de la inoculación con todo el veneno de esta serpiente. Los animales fueron divididos en dos grupos que recibieron las concentraciones de 40µg/mL y 20µg /mL, respectivamente, por vía subcutánea inoculado, y un tercer grupo recibieron intradérmica 40µg/mL veneno. Los resultados macroscópicos mostraron la presencia de una costra en el área inoculada, y la presencia de sangrado, esta actividad se confirmó por análisis histopatológica. Microscópicamente, todos los grupos experimentales tuvieron infiltración linfoblástica y polimorfonucleares inflamatoria, hemorragia, edema y fibrosis. El veneno de la serpiente Philodryas nattereri altera la arquitectura normal del tegumento. Nuestros resultados corroboran para demostrar tales cambios, ya que esta sustancia tóxica de origen animal presente en nuestra biodiversidad Northeast presenta pocos datos de la literatura, siendo por lo tanto una herramienta importante para el estudio de los cambios morfológicos y fisiológicos en la piel.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Skin/physiopathology , Snake Venoms/analysis , Integumentary System Physiological Phenomena
18.
Acta Vet. bras. ; 11(1): 68-72, mar. 2017. ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: vti-687021

ABSTRACT

The incidence of accidents with cats and its consequences on the health of these animals have been reported frequently in the literature. The abdominal hernia is an example of a condition developed as a result of trauma. Abdominal hernia is a defect of the inner wall of the abdomen that can allow part of the abdominal contents to protrude. In this case report, a pregnant cat has developed an abdominal hernia after disappearing for a week. The animal was clinically well, but the abdominal volume was considerable. Surgical intervention was necessary as soon as possible, because it was an irreducible hernia. A significant amount of devitalized muscle tissue and fragile tissue were observed. Because of the abdominal necrosis, there was no possibility to perform conventional suturing technique in the abdominal wall to correct the hernia. It was necessary to apply a polypropylene mesh implant, which is anchored by means of simple interrupted stitches. Besides hernioplasty, a lumpectomy and ovariohysterectomy were performed due to the presence of a suppurative inflammation of the mammary glands and fetal maceration in the uterus. The review of the patient, after 10 days, revealed no signs of infection of the surgical wound and the implant remained stable. The patient continued feeding and drinking water normally. The goal of this study is to describe the surgical technique of hernia repair using polypropylene implant in a cat that has lost approximately 50% of the abdominal muscle tissue caused by an abdominal trauma.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Cats , Hernia, Abdominal/surgery , Hernia, Abdominal/veterinary , Polypropylenes/analysis , Surgical Mesh/veterinary , Prostheses and Implants/veterinary , Herniorrhaphy/veterinary
19.
Acta Vet. Brasilica ; 11(1): 68-72, mar. 2017. ilus
Article in English | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1453080

ABSTRACT

The incidence of accidents with cats and its consequences on the health of these animals have been reported frequently in the literature. The abdominal hernia is an example of a condition developed as a result of trauma. Abdominal hernia is a defect of the inner wall of the abdomen that can allow part of the abdominal contents to protrude. In this case report, a pregnant cat has developed an abdominal hernia after disappearing for a week. The animal was clinically well, but the abdominal volume was considerable. Surgical intervention was necessary as soon as possible, because it was an irreducible hernia. A significant amount of devitalized muscle tissue and fragile tissue were observed. Because of the abdominal necrosis, there was no possibility to perform conventional suturing technique in the abdominal wall to correct the hernia. It was necessary to apply a polypropylene mesh implant, which is anchored by means of simple interrupted stitches. Besides hernioplasty, a lumpectomy and ovariohysterectomy were performed due to the presence of a suppurative inflammation of the mammary glands and fetal maceration in the uterus. The review of the patient, after 10 days, revealed no signs of infection of the surgical wound and the implant remained stable. The patient continued feeding and drinking water normally. The goal of this study is to describe the surgical technique of hernia repair using polypropylene implant in a cat that has lost approximately 50% of the abdominal muscle tissue caused by an abdominal trauma.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Pregnancy , Cats , Hernia, Abdominal/surgery , Hernia, Abdominal/veterinary , Polypropylenes/analysis , Surgical Mesh/veterinary , Herniorrhaphy/veterinary , Prostheses and Implants/veterinary
20.
Ciênc. Anim. (Impr.) ; 27(1): 118-126, 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: vti-18363

ABSTRACT

As fraturas de mandíbula são bastante frequentes na clínica de pequenos animais, sendo importante para o Médico Veterinário saber diagnosticar e tratar adequadamente os pacientes que chegam ao hospital; muitas vezes, em estado crítico. O método de diagnóstico utilizado amplamente, ainda hoje, é a radiografia, por ser de baixo custo e, consequentemente, acessível para a maior parte da população, além de proporcionar diagnósticos confiáveis. A escolha do tipo de tratamento (conservativo ou cirúrgico) vai depender basicamente do tipo de fratura e de como o cirurgião vai proceder, analisando o escore de avaliação da fratura. É imprescindível, portanto, que as técnicas conservadoras e cirúrgicas, disponíveis para a realização do procedimento terapêutico, devam ser conhecidas pelo Médico Veterinário, para a correta execução durante o procedimento. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar um caso de redução de fratura no corpo da mandíbula de um cão, utilizando a técnica de fixação com fio metálico, associado ao uso de resina acrílica. A técnica associada, utilizada nesse trabalho, apresentou-se adequada, demonstrando resultados positivos para o tipo de paciente que estava sendo tratado, animal jovem, agitado e que a tutora não tinha tempo disponível para, regularmente, oferecer a atenção necessária aos cuidados da fratura do animal.(AU)


Mandibular fractures are quite common in small animals. Therefore, it is important for the veterinarian how to diagnose and treat, with an adequate approach, the patients that arrive at the hospital often in a critical condition, requiring a proper stabilization and then undergo with the necessary procedures to increase the chances of animal survival and reduce the possibility of sequel. Even today, the method of diagnosis widely used is the x-ray, since it is considered to have a low cost and then affordable for the majority of the people. The type of treatment (conservative or surgical) depends largely on fracture and how a surgeon wants to proceed, analyzing the factors related to the evaluation fracture score. It is imperative that the Veterinarian has total dominion over the cranial anatomy. Moreover, the surgeon has to know all the techniques available to carry out the therapeutic procedures with conservative or surgical techniques. The goal of this study was to report a case of fracture reduction in the mandibular body of a dog using the fixation technique with wire, associated with the use of acrylic resin. The associated technique used in this study can be considered as satisfactory, for showing positive results for the type of patient who was being treated, taking into account the mechanical, biological and clinical factors.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Jaw Fixation Techniques/veterinary , Bone Wires/veterinary , Acrylic Resins , Mandibular Fractures/surgery , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Fracture Fixation, Internal/veterinary
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