Application of Real-Time Ultrasound ElastographyCombined with Prostate Calcification in Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

Objective: This study aimed to explore the clinical and differential diagnostic value of real-time ultrasound elastography combinedwith transabdominal prostate calcification in prostate cancer (PCa).Methods: This study retrospectively analysed the clinical pathological data of 97 patients with PCa and 105 patients with benignprostatic hyperplasia (BPH) diagnosed by postoperative pathology in our hospital from May 2020 to May 2021; Comparativelyanalysed the clinical data of the two groups, including the elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of prostatecalcification and calcification diameter; And used logistic regression analysis to screen out the independent risk factors for identifyingPCa and BPH.Results: No significant difference in age, body weight, body mass index, location of calcification and calcification diameter wasobserved between the two groups (p > 0.05), and overt differences in elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, typesof calcification, and testosterone were found between the PCa group and BPH group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysisshowed that the elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index and types of calcification were independent risk factors foridentifying PCa (p < 0.05). The area under curve value of combined diagnosis under receiver operating characteristic curve wasas high as 0.756 (95% CI: 0.691–0.813), with a sensitivity of 67.60% and a specificity of 76.30%.Conclusions: A certain correlation is observed amongst elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of prostatecalcification and the occurrence and development of PCa. The application of real-time ultrasound elastography combined withthe detection of transabdominal prostate calcification in clinical diagnosis can improve the detection rate of PCa, which has animportant clinical application value. (AU)

Application of Real-Time Ultrasound Elastography Combined with Prostate Calcification in Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the clinical and differential diagnostic value of real-time ultrasound elastography combined with transabdominal prostate calcification in prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS: This study retrospectively analysed the clinical pathological data of 97 patients with PCa and 105 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) diagnosed by postoperative pathology in our hospital from May 2020 to May 2021; Comparatively analysed the clinical data of the two groups, including the elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of prostate calcification and calcification diameter; And used logistic regression analysis to screen out the independent risk factors for identifying PCa and BPH. RESULTS: No significant difference in age, body weight, body mass index, location of calcification and calcification diameter was observed between the two groups (p > 0.05), and overt differences in elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of calcification, and testosterone were found between the PCa group and BPH group (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index and types of calcification were independent risk factors for identifying PCa (p < 0.05). The area under curve value of combined diagnosis under receiver operating characteristic curve was as high as 0.756 (95% CI: 0.691-0.813), with a sensitivity of 67.60% and a specificity of 76.30%. CONCLUSIONS: A certain correlation is observed amongst elastic strain ratio, elastic image compression index, types of prostate calcification and the occurrence and development of PCa. The application of real-time ultrasound elastography combined with the detection of transabdominal prostate calcification in clinical diagnosis can improve the detection rate of PCa, which has an important clinical application value.

[Performance and Influencing Factors of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Process by the Strain Desulfovibrio sp. CMX].

The process of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) plays an important role in the presence and conversion of ammonium ions in nature. However, the influencing factors and mechanisms of DNRA process in sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) have not yet been identified. The ability, influencing factors and mechanisms of DNRA was investigated in Desulfovibrio sp. CMX isolated previously in our laboratory. The results showed that the production rate of ammonium reached 85.8% and 97.3% respectively with NO3- and NO2- (10 mmol·L-1) as the sole electron donor and nitrogen source. Meanwhile, there was no by-products such as N2 and N2O. Then the effects of different extra nitrogen sources and initial concentrations of sulfate and sulfide on DNRA process were also investigated. As a result, extra nitrogen, yeast extract, could promote DNRA process by improving both growth and metabolism of the strain. In another study, sulfate promoted the nitrate reduction stage while inhibited the nitrite reduction. Overall, the DNRA process by Desulfovibrio sp. CMX was inhibited by sulfate. In addition, both the growth and two stages of the DNRA process were inhibited in the presence of sulfide. Dose effect of sulfide was observed. Inhibition was enhanced with the increase of sulfide concentration. It's noticeable that the inhibition on nitrate reduction was stronger than the inhibition on nitrite reduction with 6 mmol·L-1 of sulfide, leading to the lower reduction rate of nitrate than that of nitrite. In this condition, no accumulation of nitrite was observed in the system.