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1.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 100(5): 325-332, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38644086

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Survival in paediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has increased over the last decades. However, these patients are at increased risk of developing late thyroid sequelae due to the treatment with irradiation and alkylating agents. METHODS: We conducted an observational and retrospective study in patients with a diagnosis of HL between 2007 and 2022, in a hospital that is a paediatric oncology reference centre, through the review of electronic health records. We collected data on demographic (age, sex), clinical, radiological and histopathological variables, the dosage of alkylating agents and radiotherapy (RT) and on thyroid disorders using Microsoft Excel. The data analysis was conducted with SPSS version 17, using the Fisher exact test for qualitative data, a nonparametric test for quantitative data and Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS: Sixty patients received a diagnosis of HL from 2007 to 2022. The median duration of follow-up was 78.5 months. There were 4 detected cases of hypothyroidism, 5 of thyroid nodules and 1 of subclinical hyperthyroidism. Treatment with RT was significantly associated with the development of hypothyroidism (P= .026), thyroid nodules (P= .01) and thyroid disease overall (P= .003). We estimated that the risk of thyroid disease increased 8-fold with each additional Grey received (hazard ratio, 1.081; 95% CI, 1.014-1.152; P= .017). CONCLUSION: Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with RT are at increased risk of late thyroid disorders, mainly hypothyroidism and malignancy. This risk is greater the higher the RT dosage and the longer the follow-up. We did not find evidence of an association between the use of alkylating agents and an increase in the risk of thyroid disease.


Subject(s)
Hodgkin Disease , Humans , Hodgkin Disease/epidemiology , Male , Female , Retrospective Studies , Adolescent , Child , Thyroid Diseases/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Hypothyroidism/epidemiology , Hypothyroidism/etiology , Child, Preschool
2.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 44(2): 83-90, Abr. 2024. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-VR-3

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre talla baja y erro-res de refracción ocular en escolares de Muquiyauyo. Metodología: El tamaño de la población estuvo constituidapor 250 escolares y el tamaño muestral (n) para el nivel deconfianza 99.99% fue de 215 escolares, el estudio fue analí-tico observacional transversal, y la técnica utilizada para la re-colección de datos fue de observación y encuesta medianteuna ficha con datos de medición antropométrica y refracciónocular (medida de vista con autokeratorefractometro). Resultados: De los 215 niños evaluados 158 presentanerrores de refracción ocular, a quienes se les realizó la medidade vista con autokeratorefractometro; presentando 17 niñosmiopía, 9 hipermetropía, 21 astigmatismo, 32 miopía y astig-matismo y 79 hipermetropía y astigmatismo. Con respecto al análisis bivariado de talla baja y miopía, astigmatismo, hiperme tropía se encontraron que los niños que tienen tallabaja se asociaron significativamente con el astigmatismo p = <0.0000965, la razón de prevalencia =2.33 IC (1.44,3.78); es decir, que los que presentan talla baja tienen dosveces más el riesgo de presentar astigmatismo. Los niños que presentaron talla baja se asocian significati-vamente con refracción ocular P=<0.01 razón de prevalencia6.81 IC (2.57,18.1). Conclusión: Los escolares de Muquiyauyo con talla bajatienen 6 veces más riesgo de presentar alteraciones en la re-fracción ocular.(AU)


Objective: To determine the association between shortstature and ocular refractive errors in schoolchildren inMuquiyauyo. Methodology: The population size consisted of 250 scho-olchildren and the sample size(n) for the 99.99% confidencelevel was 215 schoolchildren. The study was a cross-sectionalobservational analytical study, and the technique used fordata collection was observation and survey using an anthro-pometric measurement and ocular refraction data sheet (eyemeasurement with autokeratorefractometer). Results: Of the 215 children evaluated, 158 had ocular re-fractive errors, and their eyesight was measured with an au-tokeratorefractometer; 17 children had myopia, 9 had hypero-pia, 21 had astigmatism, 32 had myopia and astigmatism and79 had hyperopia and astigmatism. With respect to the biva-riate analysis of short stature and myopia, astigmatism andhyperopia, it was found that children with short stature weresignificantly associated with astigmatism p = <0.0000965,prevalence ratio =2.33 CI (1.44, 3.78); that is, those withshort stature have twice the risk of presenting astigmatism. Children with short stature are significantly associated withocular refraction P=<0.01 prevalence ratio 6.81 CI (2.57,18.1). Conclusion: Muquiyauyo school children with short statureare 6 times more likely to have ocular refractive disorders.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Refraction, Ocular , Body Height , Prevalence , Growth , Child Development , Peru , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 44(2): 224-232, Mar-Abr. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-231572

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Data regarding vascular calcification (VC) in contemporary peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is scarce. Bone–vascular axis has been demonstrated in hemodialysis (HD). However, studies showing the link between bone disease and VC in PD patients are lacking. The role of sclerostin, dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1), receptor activator for nuclear factor kB ligand and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in VC in PD remains to clarify. Materials and methods: Bone biopsy was performed in 47 prevalent PD patients with histomorphometric analysis. Patients were submitted to pelvis and hands X-ray to evaluate VC using the Adragão score (AS). Relevant clinical and biochemical data was collected. Results: Thirteen patients (27.7%) had positive AS (AS≥1). Patients with VC were significantly older (58.9 vs. 50.4 years, p=0.011), had a lower dialysis dose (KT/V 2.0 vs. 2.4, p=0.025) and a higher glycosylated hemoglobin (7.2 vs. 5.4%, p=0.001). There was not any laboratorial parameter of mineral and bone disease used in clinical practice different between patients with or without VC. All diabetic patients had VC but only 8.1% of non-diabetic had VC (p<0.001). Patients with VC showed significantly higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (91.1 vs. 60.0mm/h, p=0.001), sclerostin (2250.0 vs. 1745.8pg/mL, p=0.035), DKK-1 (1451.6 vs. 1042.9pg/mL, p=0.041) and OPG levels (2904.9 vs. 1518.2pg/mL, p=0.002). On multivariate analysis, only ESR remained statistically significant (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.01–1.14; p=0.022). Bone histomorphometric findings were not different in patients with VC. There was no correlation between bone formation rate and AS (r=−0.039; p=0.796). Conclusion: The presence of VC was not associated with bone turnover and volume evaluated by bone histomorphometry. Inflammation and diabetes seem to play a more relevant role in VC in PD. (AU)


Introducción Los datos sobre calcificación vascular (CV) en pacientes contemporáneos en diálisis peritoneal (DP) son escasos. En pacientes en hemodiálisis, se ha demostrado la existencia de una conexión entre hueso y sistema vascular; sin embargo, faltan estudios que muestren el vínculo entre la enfermedad ósea y la CV en pacientes en DP. Si la esclerostina, la proteína relacionada con Dickkopf 1 (DKK-1), el ligando del receptor activador para el factor nuclear κB (RANKL) y la osteoprotegerina (OPG) tienen un papel en la CV en pacientes en DP aún no está claro. Materiales y métodos Se realizó biopsia ósea en 47 pacientes prevalentes en DP y se analizó mediante histomorfometría. También se tomaron radiografías de pelvis y manos a los pacientes para evaluar la CV mediante el Índice de Adragão (IA). Además, se analizaron datos clínicos y bioquímicos relevantes. Resultados: Trece pacientes (27,7%) tuvieron IA positivo (IA ≥ 1). Los pacientes con CV eran significativamente mayores (58,9 vs 50,4 años, p=0,011) tenían menor dosis de diálisis (KT/V 2,0 vs 2,4, p=0,025) y niveles más elevados de hemoglobina glicosilada (7,2 vs 5,4%, p=0,001). No hubo ningún parámetro de laboratorio de enfermedad mineral y ósea utilizado en la práctica clínica diferente entre pacientes con o sin CV. Todos los pacientes diabéticos mostraron CV, sin embargo, solo el 8,1% de los no diabéticos tenían CV (p <0,001). Además, los pacientes con CV mostraron una velocidad de sedimentación globular más elevada (VSG) (91,1 vs. 60,0mm/h, p=0,001) y mayores concentraciones séricas de esclerostina (2.250,0 vs. 1.745,8 pg/ml, p=0,035), DKK-1 (1451,6 vs 1042,9 pg/ml, p=0,041) y OPG (2.904,9 vs. 1.518,2 pg/ml, p=0,002). En el análisis multivariante, solo la VSG fue estadísticamente significativa (OR 1,07; IC del 95%: 1,01-1,14; p=0,022)... (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Vascular Calcification/diagnosis , Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder , Peritoneal Dialysis , Biopsy , Bone and Bones , Osteoprotegerin
4.
San Salvador; MINSAL; abr. 2, 2024. 38 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1553568

ABSTRACT

El presente documento desarrolla las diferentes intervenciones en salud desde la promoción de la salud para las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas, prevención de las alteraciones hasta la atención que deberá ser diferenciada, según categorías funcionales en cualquiera de los niveles de atención, incluyendo las instituciones especializadas en habilitación y rehabilitación. Además, se desarrollan las consideraciones para la atención en habilitación y rehabilitación, que los profesionales de salud del SNIS deberán ejecutar, incluyendo los cuidados paliativos necesarios, las ayudas técnicas y tecnologías de asistencia


This document develops the different health interventions from health promotion for musculoskeletal disorders, prevention of disorders to care that must be differentiated, according to functional categories at any of the levels of care, including institutions specialized in habilitation and rehabilitation. In addition, considerations are developed for habilitation and rehabilitation care, which SNIS health professionals must execute, including the necessary palliative care, technical aids and assistive technologies


Subject(s)
Credentialing , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities , Occupational Diseases , El Salvador
5.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558162

ABSTRACT

Las alteraciones neurosensoriales son complicaciones que se pueden presentar posterior a la realización de ciertos procedimientos quirúrgicos orales. Múltiples reportes indican específicamente el territorio inervado por el nervio alveolar inferior y nervio lingual como las regiones mayormente afectadas. Dar a conocer las diferentes alternativas terapéuticas para estas complicaciones, sería de suma relevancia para el clínico, con el propósito de mejorar el pronóstico en cuanto a la recuperación neurosensorial de estos nervios. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el manejo terapéutico de las alteraciones neurosensoriales asociadas al daño del nervio alveolar inferior y nervio lingual, en procedimientos quirúrgicos mandibulares. La búsqueda de la literatura científica fue realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science. Se utilizaron los términos de búsqueda "Trigeminal nerve injuries", "lingual nerve", "mandibular nerve", "oral surgical procedures", "treatment" en conjunto al conector booleano "AND" y "OR". Fueron considerados artículos publicados entre los años 2012 y 2022. En la selección de los artículos primarios se eliminaron los duplicados y se aplicaron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Finalmente se realizó el análisis a texto completo con un total de 14 artículos seleccionados. Un total de 14 artículos fueron revisados. Del total de artículos, 6 corresponden a terapia láser de bajo nivel, 2 a medicación y bloqueo del ganglio estrellado, 1 a bloqueo de ganglio estrellado e irradiación con luz xenón y 5 artículos corresponden a tratamiento mediante reparación microquirúrgica. La terapia láser de bajo nivel, el bloqueo del ganglio estrellado, la administración de vitamina B12/ATP y la reparación microquirúrgica son tratamientos efectivos para las alteraciones neurosensoriales ocasionadas por lesiones del nervio alveolar inferior y nervio lingual.


SUMMARY: Neurosensory abnormalities are complications can occur after performing certain oral surgical procedures. Multiple reports specifically indicate the area innervated by the inferior alveolar nerve and the lingual nerve as the most affected regions. Presenting the different therapeutic alternatives for these complications would be extremely relevant for the clinician, in order to improve the prognosis in terms of neurosensory recovery of these nerves. The objective of this study was to describe the therapeutic management of neurosensory abnormalities associated with damage to the inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve, in mandibular surgical procedures. The search for scientific literature was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The search terms "Trigeminal nerve injuries", "lingual nerve", "mandibular nerve", "oral surgical procedures", "treatment" together with the boolean connector "AND" and "OR" were used. Articles published between the years 2012 and 2022 were considered. In the selection of primary articles, duplicates were eliminated and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. Finally, the full text analysis was carried out with a total of 14 selected articles. A total of 14 articles were reviewed. About the articles, 6 correspond to low-level laser therapy, 2 to medication and stellate ganglion block, 1 to stellate ganglion block and xenon light irradiation, and 5 articles correspond to treatment by microsurgical repair. Low-level laser therapy, stellate ganglion block, vitamin B12/ATP administration, and microsurgical repair are effective treatments for neurosensory abnormalities caused by inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve injuries.

6.
Gac Sanit ; 38: 102361, 2024 Feb 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38422946

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the recent trends in Parkinson's disease mortality in Mexico during 2000-2020. METHOD: The adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants was calculated using the direct method and the world standard population. Trend analysis was performed with the Joinpoint software. RESULTS: The average mortality rate was 1.26/100,000 inhabitants (SD: 0.09), and males showed higher mortality than females (M/F ratio=1.60). Older individuals ≥70 years old showed higher mortality rates than the rest of the age groups. During the period of study, a significant increase in mortality was observed from 2000 to 2005, while from 2005 to 2020 no significant trend was observed in all the studied groups. CONCLUSIONS: In Mexico, males and older individuals showed the highest mortality rates. The socioeconomic regions with high levels of wellness showed the highest mortality rates levels. Parkinson's mortality rate has remained constant since 2005 in Mexico.

7.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 78(2)16 - 31 de Enero 2024. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-229261

ABSTRACT

Introducción La miastenia gravis (MG) y la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) son dos de las enfermedades neurológicas en cuya fisiopatología interviene la acetilcolina en distintos niveles. En la primera, la alteración de este neurotransmisor se produce en la unión neuromuscular, y en la segunda, en el sistema nervioso central. Objetivo Analizar la posible relación entre dichas patologías estudiando la prevalencia y la odds ratio de la EA dentro de los pacientes diagnosticados de MG con respecto a la prevalencia de EA en la población general. Pacientes y métodos Se han examinado datos de las historias clínicas electrónicas del sistema de salud de Castilla-La Mancha utilizando el procesamiento de lenguaje natural a través de la plataforma clínica de inteligencia artificial Savana Manager?. Resultados Se ha identificado a 970.503 pacientes mayores de 60 años, de los que 1.028 tenían diagnóstico de MG. La proporción de pacientes con diagnóstico de EA dentro de este grupo (4,28%) es mayor que en el resto de la población (2,82%; p = 0,0047), con una odds ratio de 1,54 (intervalo de confianza al 95%: 1,13-2,08; p = 0,0051), sin que se encuentren diferencias significativas en el análisis bivariante del resto de los factores de riesgo para EA más importantes conocidos hasta ahora. Conclusiones Nuestros resultados sugieren que podría existir un aumento de la prevalencia de EA en pacientes con MG. (AU)


INTRODUCTION Myasthenia gravis (MG) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are two of the most important diseases where the dysregulation of acetylcholine activity plays a crucial role. In the first, this dysregulation happens at the level of the neu­romuscular junction and in the second, in the central nervous system (CNS). AIM To analyze the possible relationship between these two pathologies, analyzing the prevalence and the odds ratio of AD within patients previously diagnosed with MG. We will compare these data with respect to the prevalence of AD in the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined the data obtained by the electronic medical records of patients in the health care system of Castilla La Mancha using the Natural Language Process provided by a clinical platform of artificial intelligence known as the Savana Manager?. RESULTS We identified 970,503 patients over the age of 60 years, of which 1,028 were diagnosed with MG. The proportion of the patients diagnosed with AD within this group (4.28%) was greater than the rest of the population (2.82%) (p = 0,0047) with an odds ratio of 1.54 (confidence interval at 95% 1.13-2.08; p = 0.0051) without finding significant differences in the bivariate analysis for the rest of the most important actual known risk factors for AD. CONCLUSION. Our results suggest that there might be an increase in the prevalence of AD in patients previously diagnosed with MG. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Myasthenia Gravis , Alzheimer Disease , Acetylcholine , Memory , Cognitive Dysfunction , Medical Records , Artificial Intelligence , Retrospective Studies , Multicenter Studies as Topic
8.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 71(1): 54-57, Ene. 2024. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-230175

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Jarcho-Levin es un epónimo usado para describir un espectro de displasias esqueléticas de tórax pequeño con el compromiso variable de vertebras y costillas. Inicialmente considerado letal, actualmente es compatible con la vida en sus presentaciones más leves. Las alteraciones óseas que conllevan un patrón respiratorio restrictivo, las infecciones respiratorias de repetición y el fenotipo particular pueden dificultar el manejo anestésico perioperatorio. Es de especial interés la adecuada valoración de la vía aérea por presentar predictores de vía aérea difícil, así como la prevención, el diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento adecuado de la insuficiencia respiratoria. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con síndrome de Jarcho-Levin intervenido de distracción vertebral, con sus implicaciones más destacables en el manejo anestésico.(AU)


Jarcho-Levin syndrome is an eponym used to describe a spectrum of small thoracic skeletal dysplasias with variable involvement of vertebrae and ribs. Initially considered lethal, it is currently compatible with life in its mildest forms. Bone alterations that lead to a restrictive respiratory pattern, recurrent respiratory infections and particular phenotype can make perioperative anesthetic management difficult. The proper assessment of the airway is of special interest because it presents predictors of a difficult airway, as well as the prevention, early diagnosis and adequate treatment of respiratory failure. We present the case of a patient with Jarcho-Levin syndrome who underwent vertebral distraction surgery, with its most notable implications in anesthetic management.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Respiratory Insufficiency , Thorax/abnormalities , Radiography, Thoracic , Congenital Abnormalities , Anesthesia/methods , Perioperative Period , Anesthesiology , Inpatients , Physical Examination
9.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed) ; 71(1): 54-57, 2024 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37678455

ABSTRACT

Jarcho-Levin syndrome is an eponym used to describe a spectrum of small thoracic skeletal dysplasias with variable involvement of vertebrae and ribs. Initially considered lethal, it is currently compatible with life in its mildest forms. Bone alterations that lead to a restrictive respiratory pattern, recurrent respiratory infections and particular phenotype, can make perioperative anesthetic management difficult. The proper assessment of the airway is of special interest because it presents predictors of a difficult airway, as well as the prevention, early diagnosis and adequate treatment of respiratory failure. We present the case of a patient with Jarcho-Levin Syndrome who underwent vertebral distraction surgery, with its most notable implications in anesthetic management.


Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple , Anesthetics , Hernia, Diaphragmatic , Humans , Hernia, Diaphragmatic/surgery , Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis , Abnormalities, Multiple/surgery , Spine
10.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 38: [102361], 2024. tab, mapas, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-231286

ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe the recent trends in Parkinson's disease mortality in Mexico during 2000-2020. Method: The adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 inhabitants was calculated using the direct method and the world standard population. Trend analysis was performed with the Joinpoint software. Results: The average mortality rate was 1.26/100,000 inhabitants (SD: 0.09), and males showed higher mortality than females (M/F ratio = 1.60). Older individuals ≥ 70 years old showed higher mortality rates than the rest of the age groups. During the period of study, a significant increase in mortality was observed from 2000 to 2005, while from 2005 to 2020 no significant trend was observed in all the studied groups. Conclusions: In Mexico, males and older individuals showed the highest mortality rates. The socioeconomic regions with high levels of wellness showed the highest mortality rates levels. Parkinson's mortality rate has remained constant since 2005 in Mexico.(AU)


Objetivo: Describir las tendencias recientes de la mortalidad por enfermedad de Parkinson en México durante 2000-2020. Método: La tasa de mortalidad ajustada por 100.000 habitantes se calculó mediante el método directo y usando población estándar mundial. El análisis de tendencias se realizó con el programa Joinpoint. Resultados: La tasa de mortalidad promedio fue de 1,26/100.000 habitantes (DE: 0,09) y los hombres presentaron mayor mortalidad que las mujeres (relación H/M = 1,60). Los individuos ≥70 años presentaron las mayores tasas de mortalidad que el resto de los grupos de edad. Durante el periodo de estudio se observó un aumento significativo de la mortalidad de 2000 a 2005, mientras que de 2005 a 2020 no se observó una tendencia significativa. Conclusiones: Los hombres y de mayor edad mostraron las tasas más altas de mortalidad. Las regiones socioeconómicas con mayor nivel de bienestar presentaron las tasas más altas de mortalidad. La tasa de mortalidad por enfermedad de Parkinson se mantuvo constante desde 2005 en México.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Parkinson Disease/diagnosis , Parkinson Disease/mortality , Dementia , Nervous System Diseases , Movement Disorders , Mexico , Health of the Elderly , Mental Health , Neurology
11.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 77(2): 47-60, Juli-Dic. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-223473

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El 4 y el 5 de noviembre se celebró en Madrid la Reunión Post-ECTRIMS, en la que neurólogos expertos en esclerosis múltiple resumieron las principales novedades presentadas en el congreso de ECTRIMS 2022, celebrado entre el 26 y el 28 de octubre en Ámsterdam. Objetivo: Sintetizar las ponencias que tuvieron lugar en la Reunión Post-ECTRIMS, en un artículo desglosado en dos partes. Desarrollo: En esta segunda parte, se presentan las novedades sobre las estrategias terapéuticas de escalado y desescalado de los tratamientos modificadores de la enfermedad (TME), cuándo y a quién iniciar o cambiar a TME de alta eficacia, la definición de fracaso terapéutico, la posibilidad de tratar el síndrome radiológico asilado, el futuro del tratamiento personalizado y la medicina de precisión, la eficacia y seguridad del autotrasplante de células madre hematopoyéticas, diferentes aproximaciones en el diseño de ensayos clínicos y en las medidas de resultados para evaluar TME en fases progresivas, retos en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del deterioro cognitivo, y tratamiento en situaciones especiales (embarazo, comorbilidad y personas mayores). Además, se muestran los resultados de algunos de los últimos estudios realizados con cladribina oral y evobrutinib presentados en el ECTRIMS 2022.(AU)


Introduction: On 4 and 5 November 2022, Madrid hosted the 15th edition of the Post-ECTRIMS Meeting, where neurologists specialised in multiple sclerosis outlined the latest developments presented at the 2022 ECTRIMS Congress, held in Amsterdam from 26 to 28 October. Aim: To synthesise the content presented at the 15th edition of the Post-ECTRIMS Meeting, in an article broken down into two parts. Development: This second part describes the new developments in terms of therapeutic strategies for escalation and de-escalation of disease-modifying therapies (DMT), when and in whom to initiate or switch to highly effective DMT, the definition of therapeutic failure, the possibility of treating radiologically isolated syndrome and the future of personalised treatment and precision medicine. It also considers the efficacy and safety of autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, different approaches in clinical trial design and outcome measures to assess DMT in progressive stages, challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment, and treatment in special situations (pregnancy, comorbidity and the elderly). In addition, results from some of the latest studies with oral cladribine and evobrutinib presented at ECTRIMS 2022 are shown.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Congresses as Topic , Multiple Sclerosis , Therapeutics , Antirheumatic Agents , Neurology , Nervous System Diseases
12.
Rev. cuba. med ; 62(4)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1550883

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las manifestaciones gastrointestinales y en especial la disfunción esofágica son frecuentes en pacientes con diagnóstico de esclerosis sistémica. Objetivos: Determinar los hallazgos manométricos en el esófago de pacientes con esclerosis sistémica. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en 86 pacientes con diagnóstico de esclerosis sistémica que fueron atendidos en el Servicio de Reumatología del Hospital Hermanos Ameijeiras, en el período comprendido de enero de 2020 a diciembre de 2021. Resultados: La edad media fue de 49,5 ± 15,3 años, (94,3 por ciento) en el sexo femenino. El (90,7 por ciento) tenía trastornos de la motilidad esofágica, principalmente los trastornos mayores (58,1por ciento) y el esfínter esofágico corto (62,8 por ciento). La presencia de síntomas como la regurgitación, la pirosis y la disfagia se relacionaron de forma significativa en la mayoría de los parámetros manométricos. De igual forma, el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad (10,1 ± 9,1 frente a 5,9 ± 5,9 años), el fenómeno de Raynaud (93,9 por ciento frente a 25,0 por ciento) y la esclerosis sistémica difusa (96,2 por ciento frente a 82,4 por ciento) fueron significativamente mayores en pacientes con trastornos de la motilidad esofágica. La edad y el sexo no mostraron una asociación significativa con las alteraciones manométricas. Conclusiones: Se concluye que los pacientes con esclerosis sistémica difusa, fenómeno de Raynaud, a partir de la presencia de los síntomas y de la evolución de la enfermedad tienen una elevada probabilidad de padecer trastornos de la motilidad esofágica(AU)


Introduction: Gastrointestinal manifestations, and especially esophageal dysfunction, are common in patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis. Objectives: To determine the manometric findings in the esophagus of patients with systemic sclerosis. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 86 patients with a diagnosis of systemic sclerosis who were treated in the Rheumatology Service of Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. Results: The mean age was 49.5 ± 15.3 years, (94.3percent) in females. 90.7percent had esophageal motility disorders, mainly major disorders (58.1percent) and 62.8percent had short esophageal sphincter. The presence of symptoms such as regurgitation, heartburn and dysphagia were significantly related to most manometric parameters. Similarly, the duration of the disease (10.1 ± 9.1 versus 5.9 ± 5.9 years), Raynaud's phenomenon (93.9percent versus 25.0percent) and sclerosis diffuse systemic (96.2percent vs. 82.4percent) were significantly higher in patients with esophageal motility disorders. Age and sex did not show significant association with manometric alterations. Conclusions: It is concluded that patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, based on the presence of symptoms, and the evolution of the disease, have high probability of suffering from esophageal motility disorders(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Esophageal Diseases/epidemiology , Manometry/methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies
13.
Actas urol. esp ; 47(8): 494-502, oct. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-226116

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo La acidosis metabólica (AM) es una alteración conocida en pacientes con derivaciones ileales. Es más frecuente en etapas tempranas postoperatorias y disminuye con el tiempo. Nuestro objetivo es determinar su prevalencia tras más de un año de seguimiento, analizar sus factores de riesgo y evaluar su impacto en diferentes perfiles metabólicos. Materiales y métodos Realizamos un estudio observacional entre enero de 2018 y septiembre de 2022 siguiendo las normas STROBE. La AM fue definida con valores de bicarbonato venoso <22mEq/l. Analizamos 133 pacientes con una media de seguimiento de 55,24±42,36 meses. Resultados Se identificaron 16 (12%) pacientes con AM. Los pacientes con y sin AM fueron comparables en edad, sexo y tiempo de seguimiento. El grupo con AM presentó una mayor tasa de anemia (68,75 vs. 19,65%; p<0,001) e insuficiencia renal (100 vs. 45,29%; p<0,001) y niveles venosos estadísticamente significativos mayores de creatinina, cloro, potasio, hormona paratiroidea y fósforo, pero menores valores de hemoglobina, filtrado glomerular, colesterol total, vitamina D, calcio y albúmina (todos p<0,05). El filtrado glomerular fue el único factor de riesgo independiente relacionado con la AM (OR: 0,914; IC 95%: 0,878-0,95; p<0,0001), demostrando una estrecha correlación con los valores de bicarbonato venoso (r=0,387; p<0,001). Conclusiones La AM es una alteración poco prevalente en derivaciones urinarias ileales transcurrido más de un año de la cistectomía, pero tiene implicaciones en el metabolismo hematológico, renal, proteico, lipídico y óseo. Aconsejamos su monitorización en pacientes con insuficiencia renal para poder realizar un diagnóstico y tratamientos precoces (AU)


Introduction and objective Metabolic acidosis (MA) is a well-known complication in patients with ileal urinary diversions. It is common in the early postoperative stages and decreases over time. Our objective is to investigate the prevalence of MA after more than one year of follow-up, identify the associated risk factors, and analyze its secondary metabolic consequences. Materials and methods We conducted an observational study between January 2018 and September 2022 following the STROBE guidelines. MA was defined as a serum bicarbonate level <22mEq/L. Finally, we analyzed 133 patients with a mean follow-up of 55.24±42.36 months. Results MA was observed in 16 (12%) patients. Patients with and without MA were comparable in age, sex, and follow-up time. The group with MA presented a higher rate of anemia (68,75% vs 19.65%, P<.001) and renal failure (100% vs 45.29%, P<.001), statistically significant higher levels of serum creatinine, chloride, potassium, parathyroid hormone, and phosphorus but lower serum values of hemoglobin, renal glomerular filtration rate, total cholesterol, vitamin D, calcium, and albumin (all P<.05). Renal glomerular filtration rate was the only independent risk factor related to the development of MA (OR: 0.914; 95% CI: 0.878-0.95; P<.0001), proving a close correlation with venous bicarbonate values (r=.387, P<.001). Conclusions MA is a little prevalent disorder in ileal urinary diversions more than one year after radical cystectomy is performed but it has secondary consequences on hematologic, renal, protein, lipid, and bone metabolism. We recommend to a close follow-up in patients with renal failure for early diagnosis and treatment (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Ketosis/etiology , Urinary Diversion/adverse effects , Renal Insufficiency/etiology , Cystectomy/methods , Cystectomy/adverse effects
14.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 57(3): 273-280, set. 2023. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533347

ABSTRACT

Resumen Las alteraciones hematológicas son comunes durante la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV). El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir los perfiles hematológicos e inmunológicos de niños infectados, antes y después de 36 meses de implementado el tratamiento antirretroviral (TARV). Se revisaron historias clínicas de niños expuestos, atendidos en este hospital en el período 2008-2018, con edades entre 6 meses y 14 años. Fueron empleados un contador hematológico (ADVIA 2120), un citómetro de flujo (FACScalibur BD) y una PCR en tiempo real Nuclisens EasyQ (bioMérieux). En 486 historias clínicas se encontraron 58 pacientes sin TARV, 30 por diagnóstico reciente y 28 por adherencia incorrecta o abandono de tratamiento. En ambos grupos se observó disminución porcentual de hemoglobina (Hb) (53% y 43%), volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) (43% y 7%) y LTCD4+ (37% y 57%), respectivamente, sin alteraciones significativas en otros parámetros hematológicos. Veintidós niños con correcta adherencia al TARV incrementaron significativamente los niveles de LTCD4+ (t0:18,8±9%, t1:32,7±6%), Hb (t0:10,9±1,6 g/dL, t1:12,6±1,1g/dL) y VCM (t0:78,7±4,5 fL, t1:101,9±5,6 fL), con disminución simultánea de la carga viral (CV) (t0:4,4±0,75 log t1:<1,70 log) después del seguimiento. La disminución de Hb observada aproximadamente en el 50% de los pacientes sin TARV estaría asociada a la acción viral y al tiempo de evolución de la infección. El incremento en los niveles, asociados a macrocitosis, se relacionaría con el aumento de LTCD4+ y disminución de la CV.


Abstract Hematologic abnormalities are common during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Our aim was to describe hematological and immunological profiles present in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve infected children and the changes observed after 36 months of ART initiation. Medical records of exposed children attended at this hospital in the 2008-2018 period were reviewed. Children between 6 months and 14 years were included. An automated blood analyser ADVIA 2120, a FACScalibur BD flow cytometer, and a Nuclisens EasyQ bioMérieux real-time PCR were used to determine different parameters. In 486 medical records evaluated, 58 patients ART-naïve were found, 30 due to recent diagnosis and 28 for incorrect adherence or abandoned treatment. In both groups, a percentage decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) (53% and 43%), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (43% and 7%) and LTCD4+ (37% and 57%) levels respectively, was observed, without significant alterations in other hematological parameters. Twenty-two children with ART correct adherence increased significantly CD4+T cells (t0:18.8±9%, t1:32.7±6%), Hb (t0:10.9±1.6 g/dL, t1:12.6±1.1 g/dL) and MCV (t0:78.7±4.5 fL, t1:101.9±5.6 fL) levels, with simultaneous decrease of viral load (VL), (t0:4.4±0.75 log, t1:<1.70 log), after 36 months of follow-up. The reduction in Hb levels observed in 50% approximately of patients without ART would be associated with viral action and time of evolution of the infection. The increase in Hb levels and an associated macrocytosis would be related to the CD4+ T cells increase and VL decrease.


Resumo Alterações hematológicas são comuns durante a infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV). Nosso objetivo foi descrever os perfis hematológicos e imunológicos em crianças infectadas, antes e após 36 meses de implementar o tratamento antirretroviral (TARV). Foram revisados os prontuários das crianças expostas atendidas neste hospital no período 2008-2018, com idade entre 6 meses e 14 anos. Um contador hematológico (ADVIA 2120), um citômetro de fluxo (FACScalibur BD) e um PCR em tempo real Nuclisens EasyQ (bioMérieux), foram usados. Em 486 prontuários foram encontrados 58 pacientes livres de TARV, 30 por diagnóstico recente e 28 por adesão incorreta ou abandono do tratamento. Em ambos os grupos, observou-se diminuição percentual de hemoglobina (Hb) (53% e 43%), volume corpuscular médio (VCM) (43% e 7%) e LTCD4+ (37% e 57%), respectivamente, sem alterações significativas nos demais parâmetros hematológicos. Vinte e duas crianças com adesão correta ao TARV aumentaram significativamente os níveis de LTCD4+ (t0:18,8±9%, t1:32,7±6%), Hb (t0:10,9±1,6 g/dL, t1:12,6±1,1 g/dL) e VCM (t0:78,7±4,5 fL, t1:101,9±5,6 fL), com diminuição simultânea da carga viral (CV) (t0:4,4±0,75 log, t1:<1,70 log), depois do seguimento. A diminuição dos níveis de Hb observada em aproximadamente 50% dos pacientes sem TARV estaria associada à ação viral e ao tempo de evolução da infecção. O aumento nos níveis, associados a macrocitose, estaria relacionado com o aumento de LTCD4+ e diminuição da CV.

15.
Pediátr. Panamá ; 52(2): 89-96, 31 de agosto de 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1451486

ABSTRACT

Las alteraciones del neurodesarrollo en la primera infancia tienen una alta prevalencia a nivel mundial, representando un desafío para los especialistas porque deben lograr minimizar alteraciones en el niño desde la etapa prenatal. El objetivo de esta revisión es realizar un análisis narrativo de la evidencia disponible sobre el neurodesarrollo y el impacto positivo que tiene la estimulación temprana, particularmente durante los primeros mil días de vida, en la prevención de alteraciones del neurodesarrollo. Existen diversas pruebas estandarizadas de cribado del desarrollo infantil, para identificar posibles signos de alarma en el neurodesarrollo como la BINS, PRUNAPE, ASQ-3, Test de Denver, entre otras. Una de las alternativas de tratamientos no invasivos para tratar y prevenir alteraciones en el niño es la estimulación temprana. A través de la intervención integral en el niño se logra adquirir, compensar y/o potencializar las habilidades del neurodesarrollo; dando como resultado un ser adaptado al medio que lo rodea. Es importante diseñar y validar una guía integral para la vigilancia del neurodesarrollo infantil, desde la etapa prenatal para la prevención de alteraciones o evitar secuelas en el niño; así como diseñar políticas públicas que promuevan una adecuada infancia.  (provisto por Infomedic International)


Neurodevelopmental disorders in early childhood have a high prevalence worldwide, which represents a challenge for specialists because they must manage it to minimize alterations in children from the prenatal stage. The objective of this review is to carry out a narrative analysis of the available evidence on neurodevelopment and its positive impact that early stimulation, particularly during the first thousand days of life, has on the prevention of neurodevelopmental disorders. There are various child development standardized screening tests to identify possible neurodevelopmental alarm signs, such as the EDI, the Bayley, or the M-CHAT checklist. One of the non-invasive treatment alternatives to treat and prevent alterations in the child is early stimulation. Through comprehensive intervention in the child, it is possible to acquire, compensate and/or enhance neurodevelopmental skills, resulting in a being adapted to the environment that surrounds them. In conclusion, it is important to design and validate a comprehensive guide for monitoring child neurodevelopment, from the prenatal stage to prevent alterations or avoid sequelae in the child and public policies that promote an adequate childhood. (provided by Infomedic International)

16.
Actas esp. psiquiatr ; 51(3): 88-97, Mayo - Junio 2023. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-223399

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El virus SARS CoV-2 causante de la enfermedad COVID-19, reporta cientos de contagios diariamente, las alteraciones y secuelas de este nuevo patógeno han sido reportadas a nivel global, por la gravedad que implica ser adulto mayor y evolucionar de manera grave. Metodología. El presente trabajo tiene un enfoque cualitativo, con intenciones exploratorias y descriptivas de las alteraciones a nivel cognitivo, neuropsicológico, neuropsiquiátrico y neurológico. Resultados. En el análisis fueron incluidos 16 artículos que expresan alteraciones en áreas de funcionamiento que comprometen la calidad de vida en pacientes mayores de 18 años, la evidencia científica es fuerte sobre las alteraciones que provoca el nuevo virus SARS Cov-2, desde el deterioro de la cognición, habilidades visuoespaciales y cefaleas constantes entre otros síntomas, que son de atención desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar. Conclusiones. La transmisión del virus en la población adulta supone un riesgo a la salud, este estudio evidencia las alteraciones a nivel cognitivo, motor y neurológico siendo la edad un factor que predispone la aparición de secuelas. (AU)


Introduction. The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes theCOVID-19 disease, reports hundreds of infections daily,the alterations and sequelae of this new pathogen have been reported globally, due to the seriousness of being anolder adult and evolving seriously. Methodology. The present work has a qualitative approach, with exploratory and descriptive intentions of the alterations at a cognitive, neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric and neurological level. Results. In the analysis, 16 articles were included that express alterations in areas of functioning that compromise the quality of life in patients over 18 years of age, the scientific evidence is strong on the alterations caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, from the deterioration of cognition, visuospatial abilities and constant headachesamong other symptoms, which are of attention from amultidisciplinary perspective. Conclusions. The transmission of the virus in the adult population poses a risk to health, this study shows alterations at the cognitive, motor and neurological level, agebeing a factor that predisposes the appearance of sequelae. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Nervous System Diseases , Neuropsychological Tests , 25783 , Epidemiology, Descriptive
17.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(5): 159-165, Ene-Jun. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-216666

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los estudios disponibles ofrecen una guía limitada acerca del uso de la neuroimagen en pacientes con cefalea en el ámbito ambulatorio. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir y analizar la frecuencia y el porcentaje de alteraciones en neuroimagen en pacientes valorados por cefalea en una consulta de neurología, así como determinar qué datos de alarma clínicos (red flags) se asocian con mayor frecuencia a estas alteraciones. Pacientes y métodos: Realizamos un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de una serie de pacientes con cefalea de la consulta de neurología del Hospital Universitario de Móstoles a los que se les realizó una prueba de neuroimagen. ResultadosSe incluyó a 279 pacientes en el estudio (190 mujeres y 89 hombres). Ningún paciente sin datos de alarma clínicos presentó alteraciones graves en la neuroimagen y, de los que presentaban datos de alarma clínicos (219 pacientes), sólo el 2,3% (cinco pacientes) presentó alteraciones graves. Los dos datos de alarma clínicos que se asociaron de forma significativa a una mayor probabilidad de alteraciones graves en la neuroimagen fueron la cefalea que se desencadena o empeora significativamente con cambios posturales o maniobras de Valsalva y la cefalea crónica diaria desde su inicio. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de alteraciones significativas en neuroimagen en pacientes con cefalea en un ámbito ambulatorio fue baja, incluso en presencia de datos de alarma clínicos, por lo que la utilidad de estos datos de alarma parece ser menor en un contexto ambulatorio. Podría ser razonable intentar reducir el uso de la neuroimagen en pacientes con cefalea en el ámbito ambulatorio.(AU)


Introduction: Available studies provide limited guidance on the use of neuroimaging in patients with headache in the outpatient setting. The aim of this study was to describe and analyse the frequency and the percentage of neuroimaging abnormalities in patients evaluated for headache in a neurology clinic, as well as to determine which red flags are most commonly associated with these abnormalities. Patients and methods: We conducted an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of a series of patients with headache from the neurology department of the Hospital Universitario de Móstoles who underwent a neuroimaging test. Results: A total of 279 patients (190 women and 89 men) were included in the study. No patient without any red flags had severe abnormalities in the neuroimaging study and, of those with red flags (219 patients), only 2.3% (five patients) displayed severe abnormalities. The two red flags that were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of severe neuroimaging abnormalities were headache that is triggered or significantly worsened by postural changes or Valsalva manoeuvres and chronic daily headache since onset. Conclusions: The prevalence of significant neuroimaging abnormalities in headache patients in an outpatient setting was low, even in the presence of red flags, and so their utility appears to be lower in an outpatient setting. It may be reasonable to try to reduce the use of neuroimaging with headache patients in the outpatient setting.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Headache , Neuroimaging , Nervous System Diseases , Ambulatory Care , Pain , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Neurology , Cross-Sectional Studies
18.
Rev. argent. radiol ; 87(2): 45-53, jun. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449414

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Explorar si voluntarios sanos presentarían correlación entre su puntaje en un test psicológico emocional y las activaciones de áreas cerebrales relacionadas con las emociones medidas con resonancia magnética funcional (RMf). Material y métodos: Estudio exploratorio de prueba diagnóstica, prospectivo, con diseño del propio individuo como control, con muestra de 12 participantes. Se categorizó a cada participante con un puntaje de estabilidad emocional derivado de un test psicológico y se utilizaron estímulos emocionales audiovisuales durante las adquisiciones de RMf. Resultados: La sumatoria de clusters de activación medidos en cantidad total de vóxeles durante los estímulos negativos en áreas cerebrales relacionadas con las emociones mostró una correlación negativa estadísticamente significativa para nuestro tamaño de muestra respecto de los puntajes en el test emocional, con rho de Spearman de −0,623 y p = 0,0428. Conclusiones: Los paradigmas de RMf utilizados permitieron cuantificar las activaciones cerebrales ante estímulos emocionales de valencia positiva y negativa, y los resultados obtenidos abren una perspectiva hacia la posibilidad de utilizar test psicológicos y secuencias de RMf para predecir la posibilidad de aparición de síntomas de patologías psicológicas o psiquiátricas ante factores desencadenantes en población sana que presente en estos test valores cercanos al límite de la normalidad.


Abstract Objective: To explore if healthy volunteers would present a correlation between their score in emotional psychological test and the activations of brain areas related to emotions measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Material and methods: Exploratory study of a prospective diagnostic test, with the individual’s own design as a control, with a sample of 12 participants. Each participant was categorized with an emotional stability score derived from a psychological test and audiovisual emotional stimuli were used during fMRI acquisitions. Results: The sum of activation clusters measured in total number of voxels during negative stimuli in brain areas related to emotions showed a statistically significant negative correlation for our sample size with respect to the scores in the emotional test, with Spearman’s rho of −0.623 and p = 0.0428. Conclusions: The fMRI paradigms used made it possible to quantify brain activations in response to emotional stimuli of positive and negative valence, and the results obtained open a perspective towards the possibility of using psychological tests and fMRI sequences to predict the possibility of the appearance of symptoms of psychological or psychiatric pathologies in response to triggering factors in a healthy population that present values close to the normal limit in these tests.

19.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) ; 2023 May 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37179214

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Data regarding vascular calcification (VC) in contemporary peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is scarce. Bone-vascular axis has been demonstrated in hemodialysis (HD). However, studies showing the link between bone disease and VC in PD patients are lacking. The role of sclerostin, dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1), receptor activator for nuclear factor kB ligand and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in VC in PD remains to clarify. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bone biopsy was performed in 47 prevalent PD patients with histomorphometric analysis. Patients were submitted to pelvis and hands X-ray to evaluate VC using the Adragão score (AS). Relevant clinical and biochemical data was collected. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (27.7%) had positive AS (AS≥1). Patients with VC were significantly older (58.9 vs. 50.4 years, p=0.011), had a lower dialysis dose (KT/V 2.0 vs. 2.4, p=0.025) and a higher glycosylated hemoglobin (7.2 vs. 5.4%, p=0.001). There was not any laboratorial parameter of mineral and bone disease used in clinical practice different between patients with or without VC. All diabetic patients had VC but only 8.1% of non-diabetic had VC (p<0.001). Patients with VC showed significantly higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (91.1 vs. 60.0mm/h, p=0.001), sclerostin (2250.0 vs. 1745.8pg/mL, p=0.035), DKK-1 (1451.6 vs. 1042.9pg/mL, p=0.041) and OPG levels (2904.9 vs. 1518.2pg/mL, p=0.002). On multivariate analysis, only ESR remained statistically significant (OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.01-1.14; p=0.022). Bone histomorphometric findings were not different in patients with VC. There was no correlation between bone formation rate and AS (r=-0.039; p=0.796). CONCLUSION: The presence of VC was not associated with bone turnover and volume evaluated by bone histomorphometry. Inflammation and diabetes seem to play a more relevant role in VC in PD.

20.
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) ; 47(8): 494-502, 2023 10.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37086841

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Metabolic acidosis (MA) is a well-known complication in patients with ileal urinary diversions. It is common in the early postoperative stages and decreases over time. Our objective is to investigate the prevalence of MA after more than one year of follow-up, identify the associated risk factors, and analyze its secondary metabolic consequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted an observational study between January 2018 and September 2022 following the STROBE guidelines. MA was defined as a serum bicarbonate level ​​<22mEq/L. Finally, we analyzed 133 patients with a mean follow-up of 55.24 ± 42.36 months. RESULTS: MA was observed in 16 (12%) patients. Patients with and without MA were comparable in age, sex, and follow-up time. The group with MA presented a higher rate of anemia (68,75% vs 19,65%, p < 0.001) and renal failure (100% vs 45,29%, p < 0.001), statistically significant higher levels of serum creatinine, chloride, potassium, parathyroid hormone, and phosphorus but lower serum values ​​of hemoglobin, renal glomerular filtration rate, total cholesterol, vitamin D, calcium, and albumin (all p < 0.05). Renal glomerular filtration rate was the only independent risk factor related to the development of MA (OR 0.914; 95% CI 0.878-0.95; p < 0.0001), proving a close correlation with venous bicarbonate values ​​(r = 0.387, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: MA is a little prevalent disorder in ileal urinary diversions more than one year after radical cystectomy is performed but it has secondary consequences on hematologic, renal, protein, lipid, and bone metabolism. We recommend to a close follow-up in patients with renal failure for early diagnosis and treatment.


Subject(s)
Acidosis , Renal Insufficiency , Humans , Cystectomy/adverse effects , Bicarbonates , Prevalence , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Acidosis/epidemiology , Acidosis/etiology , Renal Insufficiency/complications
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