ABSTRACT
La tenosinovitis tuberculosa es una forma infrecuente de presentación de la tuberculosis extrapulmonar, de comportamiento crónico y usualmente confundida con otras enfermedades como la artritis reumatoide o el síndrome del túnel del carpo, entre otras. Es importante tener en cuenta el diagnóstico de tuberculosis en las tenosinovitis crónicas y no se debe descartar aunque no haya presencia de cuerpos de arroz. Describimos el proceso diagnóstico en una paciente que consultó por síntomas crónicos de dolor, edema y limitación funcional en la cara palmar de la mano derecha, sin cambios patológicos en la radiografía, pero con signos ecografícos de tenosinovitis. Describimos la evolucion clínica tras recibir tratamiento antituberculoso y realizar tenosinovectomia de los tendones flexores del 1°, 3° y 5° dedos. (AU)
Tuberculous tenosynovitis is an infrequent form of presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, of chronic behavior and usually confused with other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or carpal tunnel syndrome, among others. It is important to take into account the diagnosis of tuberculosis in chronic tenosynovitis and it should not be ruled out in the absence of rice bodies. We describe the diagnostic process in a patient who consulted for chronic symptoms of pain, edema and functional limitation in the palmar aspect of the right hand without pathological changes on the radiograph, but with ultrasound signs of tenosynovitis. We describe the clinical evolution after receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment and performing tenosynovectomy of flexor tendons of the 1st, 3rd and 5th fingers. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Tenosynovitis/diagnosis , Tenosynovitis/surgery , Tuberculosis , Tendons , Hand , Tenosynovitis/drug therapyABSTRACT
Background Chronic tenosynovitis of the upper extremities caused by Mycobacterium kansasii ( M. kansasii ) is uncommon, but symptoms may overlap with other more common diseases. Late diagnosis and treatment can lead to disfiguration of structures and rupture of tendons, resulting in worse cosmetic outcomes after reconstruction. Methods We present a clinical case and literature review of M. kansasii in patients with chronic tenosynovitis of upper extremities. PubMed was queried for cases of upper extremities tenosynovitis caused by M. kansasii . The keywords " M. kansasii ," "tenosynovitis" and synonyms were used for search in different combinations. Manuscripts, with no specific data or another condition, where the infection was not located in the upper extremities, were reviews, or not in English, were excluded from the study. Results We described 23 reported cases of tenosynovitis of the upper extremity caused by M. kansasii . An immunosuppressed state was present in eight (34.8%) cases, and 12 (52.2%) patients received immunosuppressive treatment. A long-time period between the first appearance of symptoms and the definitive diagnosis was identified (median: 7â¯months, interquartile range: 9). The most frequent symptoms were local swelling (65.2%), pain (56.5%), mass effect (26%), and stiffness (13%). Tendon rupture was found in three (13%) patients as a complication of the disease. Moreover, seven (30.4%) patients underwent previous surgeries to try to relieve the symptoms before definitive diagnosis was achieved. Conclusion M. kansasii is an important differential causal pathogen for tenosynovitis of the upper extremities. Although rare, raising awareness about this infectious disease is imperative to avoid inadequate management and hazardous aesthetic sequelae.
