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1.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 76(10): 783-792, Octubre 2023. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-226140

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos: Los inhibidores del cotransportador 2 de sodio-glucosa (iSGLT2) inducen cambios a corto plazo en la función renal y la hemoglobina y su fisiopatología se comprende de manera incompleta. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar la relación entre los cambios de la tasa de filtrago glomerular estimado (TFGre) y la hemoglobina tras el inicio de dapagliflozina en pacientes estables con insuficiencia cardiaca y fracción de eyección reducida (IC-FEr). Métodos: Este análisis post hoc de un ensayo clínico aleatorizado evaluó el efecto de la dapagliflozina sobre el consumo máximo de oxígeno a 1 y 3 meses en pacientes ambulatorios con IC-FEr estable (ensayo DAPA-VO2, NCT04197635). Se utilizó un análisis de regresión lineal mixta para evaluar la relación entre los cambios en la TFGe y la hemoglobina a 1 y 3 meses. Resultados: Se evaluó a 87 pacientes. La media de edad era 67,0±10,5 años, y 21 pacientes (24,1%) eran mujeres. Las medias basales de TFGe y hemoglobina fueron de 66,9±20,7ml/min/1,73 m2 y 14,3±1,7g/dl respectivamente. En comparación con el placebo, la TFGe no cambió significativamente en el grupo de dapagliflozina, pero la hemoglobina aumentó significativamente a 1 y 3 meses. A 1 mes, el aumento de la hemoglobina se relacionó con la disminución de la TFGe solo en el grupo de dapagliflozina (p <0,001). A los 3 meses no había asociación significativa (p=0,123). Los cambios de la TFGe a 1 y 3 meses no se asociaron con cambios en el consumo pico de oxígeno, la calidad de vida o los péptidos natriuréticos. Conclusiones: En pacientes con IC-FEr estable, los cambios en la TFGe a 1 mes inducidos por la dapagliflozina están en relación inversa con cambios en la hemoglobina. Esta asociación no se observa a los 3 meses. (AU)


Introduction and objectives: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) induce short-term changes in renal function and hemoglobin. Their pathophysiology is incompletely understood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between 1- and 3-month estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and hemoglobin changes following initiation of dapagliflozin in patients with stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial that evaluated the effect of dapagliflozin on 1- and 3-month peak oxygen consumption in outpatients with stable HFrEF (DAPA-VO2 trial, NCT04197635). We used linear mixed regression analysis to assess the relationship between eGFR and hemoglobin changes across treatment arms. Results: A total of 87 patients were evaluated in this substudy. The mean age was 67.0± 10.5 years, and 21 (24.1%) were women. The mean baseline eGFR and hemoglobin were 66.9±20.7mL/min/1.73m2 and 14.3±1.7g/dL, respectively. Compared with placebo, eGFR did not significantly change at either time points in the dapagliflozin group, but hemoglobin significantly increased at 1 and 3 months. At 1 month, the hemoglobin increase was related to decreases in eGFR only in the dapagliflozin arm (P <.001). At 3 months, there was no significant association in either treatment arms (P=.123). Changes in eGFR were not associated with changes in peak oxygen consumption, quality of life, or natriuretic peptides. Conclusions: In patients with stable HFrEF, 1-month changes in eGFR induced by dapagliflozin are inversely related to changes in hemoglobin. This association was no longer significant at 3 months. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Hemoglobins/administration & dosage , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/pharmacology , Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use
2.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 70(7): 381-386, Agos-Sept- 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-223995

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo: Cada vez hay más estudios que evidencian que las ecuaciones utilizadas para conocer la tasa de filtrado glomerular estimada (TFGe) no son adecuadas para los pacientes críticos en los que se producen continuas variaciones del filtrado glomerular (FG). El método más práctico para aproximarse al estudio del FG es el cálculo del aclaramiento de creatinina (ClCr) en periodos de recogida de orina variables. El objetivo del estudio fue observar el comportamiento de las ecuaciones empleadas para estimar el filtrado glomerular cuando se aplican a la subpoblación de pacientes críticos ingresados por trauma grave y comparar el ClCr en orina recogida en un periodo de 4horas (ClCr-4h). Material y métodos: Estudio observacional que incluye pacientes ingresados por trauma grave. Se calculó el ClCr-4h y se determinó la TFGe mediante las ecuaciones de Cockcroft-Gault, Jelliffe modificada, MDRD, t-MDRD y CKD-EPI. Los resultados se expresan referidos a superficie corporal (ml/min/1,73m2). Los análisis se realizaron con el software estadístico R versión 4.0.4. Resultados: Se incluyeron 85 pacientes. La edad mediana de los pacientes fue de 51años; 68 pacientes fueron varones (78,82%). El ClCr-4h ajustado a superficie corporal (ClCr-4h ml/min/1,73m2) medio fue de 84,5ml/min/1,73m2. Hallamos correlación estadísticamente significativa de ClCr-4h/1,73m2 con la TFGe por t-MDRD. Para ClCr-4h/1,73m2 mayores de 130ml/min/m2 la ecuación de Cockcroft-Gault identifica a los pacientes correctamente de una forma estadísticamente significativa. Conclusiones: El cálculo de ClCr en el entorno de UCI proporciona datos fiables del FG, no siendo adecuado el uso de ecuaciones estimativas.(AU)


Background and objective: There is a growing body of evidence that the equations used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are not suitable in critically ill patients, a population whose GFR fluctuates continuously. Glomerular filtration is usually estimated by measuring urine creatinine clearance (CrCl) at various time points. The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance of the most widely used GFR calculators in the subpopulation of critically ill patients admitted for severe trauma, and to compare the results against determinations of CrCl in urine collected over a 4-hour period (4h-CrCl). Material and methods: Observational study in patients hospitalized for severe trauma. We measured the 4h-CrCl and estimated GFR using the Cockcroft-Gault, modified Jelliffe, MDRD, t-MDRD, and CKD-EPI equations, adjusting the results for body surface area (BSA) (ml/min/1.73m2). Data were analysed using R version 4.0.4. Results: A total of 85 patients were included. Median age was 51years, and 68 were men (78.82%). The mean BSA-adjusted 4h-CrCl (4h-ClCr/1.73m2) was 84.5ml/min/1.73m2. We found that GFR estimated using the t-MDRD equation correlated significantly with 4h-CrCl/1.73m2. The Cockcroft-Gault equation correlated significantly with 4h-CrCl/1.73m2 when GFR was greater than 130ml/min/m2. Conclusions: In ICU patients, glomerular filtration can be reliably estimated by determining urine CrCl, but GFR calculators are not accurate in this population.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Creatinine/urine , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Urinalysis , Anesthesiology , Inpatients , Statistics as Topic , Spain/epidemiology
3.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37541328

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is a growing body of evidence that the equations used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are not suitable in critically ill patients, a population whose GFR fluctuates continuously. Glomerular filtration is usually estimated by measuring urine creatinine clearance (CrCl) at various time points. The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance of the most widely used GFR calculators in the subpopulation of critically ill patients admitted for severe trauma, and to compare the results against determinations of CrCl in urine collected over a 4-h period (4h-CrCl). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational study in patients hospitalized for severe trauma. We measured the 4h-CrCl and estimated GFR using the Cockcroft-Gault, modified Jelliffe, MDRD, t-MDRD, and CKD-EPI equations, adjusting the results for body surface area (BSA) (ml/min/1.73m2). Data were analysed using R version 4.0.4. RESULTS: A total of 85 patients were included. Median age was 51 years, and 68 were men (78.82%). The mean BSA-adjusted 4h-CrCl (4h-ClCr/1.73m2) was 84.5 ml/min/1.73m2. We found that GFR estimated using the t-MDRD equation correlated significantly with 4h-CrCl/1.73m2. The Cockcroft-Gault equation correlated significantly with 4h-CrCl/1.73m2 when GFR was greater than 130ml/min/m2. CONCLUSIONS: In ICU patients, glomerular filtration can be reliably estimated by determining urine CrCl, but GFR calculators are not accurate in this population.


Subject(s)
Critical Illness , Male , Humans , Middle Aged , Female , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Creatinine/urine
4.
Semergen ; 49 Suppl 1: 102017, 2023 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37355298

ABSTRACT

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem and affects approximately 15.1% of the general population in Spain (IBERICAN and ENRCA studies), although most of the literature agrees that there is an underdiagnosis that would further increase this prevalence. This article from the CKD monograph aims to summarize the main consensus guidelines for the management of CKD, highlighting the most important and novel aspects, as well as recently updated terminology and concepts. Sections addressing specific populations and prevention strategies are also included. As the family doctor (MAP) plays a fundamental role in the detection of CKD, recommendations on the multidisciplinary approach to CKD are collected.


Subject(s)
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Humans , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology , Spain , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Creatinine , Prevalence
5.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) ; 76(10): 783-792, 2023 Oct.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36958534

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) induce short-term changes in renal function and hemoglobin. Their pathophysiology is incompletely understood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between 1- and 3-month estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and hemoglobin changes following initiation of dapagliflozin in patients with stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). METHODS: This is a post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial that evaluated the effect of dapagliflozin on 1- and 3-month peak oxygen consumption in outpatients with stable HFrEF (DAPA-VO2 trial, NCT04197635). We used linear mixed regression analysis to assess the relationship between eGFR and hemoglobin changes across treatment arms. RESULTS: A total of 87 patients were evaluated in this substudy. The mean age was 67.0± 10.5 years, and 21 (24.1%) were women. The mean baseline eGFR and hemoglobin were 66.9±20.7mL/min/1.73m2 and 14.3±1.7g/dL, respectively. Compared with placebo, eGFR did not significantly change at either time points in the dapagliflozin group, but hemoglobin significantly increased at 1 and 3 months. At 1 month, the hemoglobin increase was related to decreases in eGFR only in the dapagliflozin arm (P <.001). At 3 months, there was no significant association in either treatment arms (P=.123). Changes in eGFR were not associated with changes in peak oxygen consumption, quality of life, or natriuretic peptides. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with stable HFrEF, 1-month changes in eGFR induced by dapagliflozin are inversely related to changes in hemoglobin. This association was no longer significant at 3 months.


Subject(s)
Heart Failure , Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Male , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Stroke Volume , Quality of Life , Benzhydryl Compounds/therapeutic use , Hemoglobins/therapeutic use
6.
An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) ; 55(3): 86-98, 20221115.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1401557

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus (DM) es una enfermedad inflamatoria sistémica de alta prevalencia e incidencia a nivel mundial. Dentro de las complicaciones crónicas, la enfermedad renal diabética es una de las más frecuentes y que marca el pronóstico. Objetivos: El objetivo de este artículo es hacer una revisión actualizada de la enfermedad renal diabética, a la luz de los cambios en los paradigmas que se han generado en los últimos años con respecto a sus nuevas definiciones, el papel de la inflamación en su desarrollo, la gestión del riesgo cardiovascular y los nuevos tratamientos. La enfermedad renal diabética puede presentarse en aproximadamente el 30-50% de la población con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 o 2 alrededor del mundo. En la patogénesis y progresión de esta condición se distinguen tres ejes fundamentales el hemodinámico, metabólico e inflamatorio. Es importante siempre hacer gestión del riesgo cardiovascular. El diagnóstico se debe hacer con el cálculo de la tasa de filtrado glomerular y la relación albuminuria / creatinuria en muestra ocasional. Los objetivos en el tratamiento deben ser: el control metabólico, reducir o enlentecer la progresión de la enfermedad renal y disminuir los desenlaces cardiovasculares. Conclusión: El tratamiento de la ERD debe ser holístico, desde intervenciones no farmacológicas, como la modificación de los estilos de vida, hasta los nuevos medicamentos como el uso de inhibidores SGLT-2, Agonistas del receptor GLP-1 y el uso antagonistas selectivos del receptor mineralocorticoide como finerenona. El futuro es promisorio.


Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic inflammatory disease of high prevalence and incidence worldwide. Among the chronic complications, diabetic kidney disease is one of the most frequent and determines the prognosis. Objectives: The objective of this article is to make an updated review of diabetic kidney disease, in light of the changes in the paradigms that have been generated in recent years concerning to the new definitions, the role of inflammation-causing disease, cardiovascular risk management, and the new treatments. Diabetic kidney disease can present in approximately 30-50% of the population with diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2 around the world. In the pathogenesis and progression of this condition, three fundamental axes are distinguished: the hemodynamic, the metabolic, and the inflammatory. It is important to manage cardiovascular risk. The diagnosis must be made by calculating the glomerular filtration rate and the albuminuria/creatinuria ratio in a random urine sample. The objectives of the treatment should be: metabolic control, reduce or slow the progression of kidney disease and improve cardiovascular outcomes. Conclusion: The treatment of diabetic kidney disease should be holistic, from non-pharmacological interventions, such as lifestyle changes, to new medications such as the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and the use of selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists such as finerenone. The future is promising.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Kidney Diseases
7.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) ; 42(3): 233-264, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36210616

ABSTRACT

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide that affects more than 10% of the Spanish population. CKD is associated with high comorbidity rates, poor prognosis and major consumption of health system resources. Since the publication of the last consensus document on CKD seven years ago, little evidence has emerged and few clinical trials on new diagnostic and treatment strategies in CKD have been conducted, apart from new trials in diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, CKD international guidelines have not been recently updated. The rigidity and conservative attitude of the guidelines should not prevent the publication of updates in knowledge about certain matters that may be key in detecting CKD and managing patients with this disease. This document, also prepared by 10 scientific associations, provides an update on concepts, clarifications, diagnostic criteria, remission strategies and new treatment options. The evidence and the main studies published on these aspects of CKD have been reviewed. This should be considered more as an information document on CKD. It includes an update on CKD detection, risk factors and screening; a definition of renal progression; an update of remission criteria with new suggestions in the older population; CKD monitoring and prevention strategies; management of associated comorbidities, particularly in diabetes mellitus; roles of the Primary Care physician in CKD management; and what not to do in Nephrology. The aim of the document is to serve as an aid in the multidisciplinary management of the patient with CKD based on current recommendations and knowledge.


Subject(s)
Diabetic Nephropathies , Nephrology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Consensus , Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis , Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology , Diabetic Nephropathies/therapy , Humans , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Risk Factors
8.
Int. j. med. surg. sci. (Print) ; 9(3): 1-12, sept. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1518696

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad renal crónica se encuentra en ascenso.Prevenir o retardar su progresión mediante la aplicación de estrategias dirigidas al diagnóstico precoz es esencial. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la utilidad de la fórmula HUGE para el diagnóstico de Enfermedad Renal Crónica en el anciano. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo y de corte longitudinal en 260 adultos mayores que ingresaron en los servicios de Geriatría y Medicina Interna del Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico "Hermanos Ameijeiras" en el período enero de 2019 y junio de 2020. RESULTADOS: El 58,5% de la muestra de estudio fueron mujeres. La edad promedio fue de 77,1 ± 7,3 años. La enfermedad renal crónica estuvo presente en el 64,2% de los pacientes. Se observó mayor frecuencia de pacientes con daño renal (32,7%) al emplear la formula CKD­ EPI en comparación con los identificados al emplear la fórmula HUGE (25,0%). Al estimar la concordancia entre ambas fórmulas se observó un estadístico kappa (k) de 0,814 (IC de 95%:0,7370 - 0,8909; p < 0,001). La sensibilidad de la fórmula de HUGE fue de un 76,5% (IC de 95%: 66,9% - 86,1%) y la especificidad de un 100% (99,7% - 100%). El valor predictivo positivo fue de 100 % (IC de 95%: 99,2% - 100%) y el negativo de 89,7% (85,2% - 94,2%). CONCLUSIONES: La fórmula CKD-EPI identifica daño renal en mayor porcentaje, en estadios precoces. Por el contrario, la fórmula de HUGE, detecta el daño renal en un porcentaje mayor en estadios más avanzados.La concordancia para diagnosticar daño renal entre la fórmula CKD-EPI y HUGE fue muy buena. La fórmula HUGE es útil, sensible y específica para evaluar la enfermedad renal crónica en los adultos mayores.


INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease is on the rise. Preventing or delaying its progression through the application of strategies aimed at early diagnosis is essential. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of the HUGE formula for the diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease in the elderly. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A prospective, descriptive and longitudinal observational study was carried out in 260 older adults who were admitted to the Geriatrics and Internal Medicine services of the "Hermanos Ameijeiras" Surgical Clinical Hospital between January 2019 and June 2020. RESULTS: 58.5% of the study sample was women. The mean age was 77.1 ± 7.3 years. CKD was present in 64.2% of the patients. A higher frequency of patients with kidney damage (32.7%) was observed when using the CKD ­ EPI formula compared to those identified when using the HUGE (25.0%). When estimating the concordance between both formulas, a kappa statistic (k) of 0.814 (95% CI: 0.7370 - 0.8909; p < 0.001) was observed. The sensitivity of the HUGE formula was 76.5% (95% CI: 66.9% - 86.1%) and the specificity was 100% (99.7% - 100%). The positive predictive value was 100% (95% CI: 99.2% - 100%) and the negative predictive value was 89.7% (85.2% - 94.2%). CONCLUSIONS: The CKD-EPI formula identifies kidney damage in a higher percentage, in early stages. On the contrary, the HUGE formula detects kidney damage in a higher percentage in more advanced stages. The concordance to diagnose kidney damage between the CKD-EPI and HUGE formula was very good. The HUGE formula is useful, sensitive, and specific for evaluating chronic kidney disease in older adults.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood , Urea/blood , Sex Factors , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Creatinine , Mathematical Concepts , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Hematocrit
9.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 42(5): 578-584, sept.-oct. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-211255

ABSTRACT

Introducción: No existe consenso sobre el tratamiento más adecuado para el rechazo humoral crónico activo (RHCa). Estudios recientes sugieren que el tratamiento con tocilizumab (TCZ) puede estabilizar la función del injerto, disminuir la intensidad de los anticuerpos anti-HLA donante-específicos (ADEs) y reducir la inflamación de la microcirculación. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional con pacientes trasplantados renales diagnosticados de RHCa (n = 5) que no habían presentado respuesta al tratamiento tradicional basado en la combinación de recambios plasmáticos, inmunoglobulinas y rituximab. A los pacientes se les indicó tratamiento con TCZ como uso compasivo en seis dosis mensuales (8 mg/kg/mes). Durante el seguimiento se monitorizó la función renal, proteinuria y la intensidad de los ADEs. Resultados: Cinco pacientes, de edad media 60 ± 13 años, tres de género masculino y dos retrasplantes (cPRA medio 55%) con ADEs preformados. El tratamiento con TCZ se inició a los 47 ± 52 días de la biopsia. En dos casos se suspendió el tratamiento tras la primera dosis, por bicitopenia severa con viremia por citomegalovirus y por fracaso del injerto, respectivamente. En los tres pacientes que completaron el tratamiento no se observó estabilidad de la función renal (creatinina sérica [Cr-s] de 1,73 ± 0,70 a 2,04 ± 0,52 mg/dL, filtrado glomerular estimado [FGRe] de 46 ± 15 a 36 ± 16 mL/min), presentaron aumento de la proteinuria (3,2 ± 4,0 a 6,9 ± 11,0 g/g) y la intensidad de los ADEs se mantuvo estable. No se observaron cambios en el grado de inflamación de la microcirculación (glomerulitis y capilaritis peritubular [g+cpt] 4,2 ± 0,8 vs. 4,3 ± 1,0), ni en el grado de glomerulopatía del trasplante (glomerulopatía crónica [cg] 1,2 ± 0,4 vs. 1,8 ± 1,0). (AU)


Introduction: There is no consensus on the most appropriate treatment for chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR). Recent studies suggest that treatment with tocilizumab (TCZ) may stabilize graft function, decrease the intensity of donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSAs) and reduce inflammation of microcirculation. Patients and methods: Observational study with renal allograft recipients diagnosed with cAMR (n = 5) who had not submitted a response to traditional treatment based on the combination of plasma replacements, immunoglobulins, and rituximab. Patients were told to be treated with TCZ as compassionate use in six doses per month (8 mg/kg/month). Renal function, proteinuria, and the intensity of DSAs were monitored during follow-up. Results: Five patients, average age 60 ± 13 years, three male and two retrasplants (cPRA average 55%) with preformed DSAs. Treatment with TCZ was initiated within 47 ± 52 days of biopsy. In two cases treatment was discontinued after the first dose, by severe bicitopenia with cytomegalovirus viremia and by graft failure, respectively. In the three patients who completed treatment, no stability of renal function (serum creatinine from 1.73 ± 0.70 to 2.04 ± 0.52 mg/dL, e-FGR 4 6 ± 15 to 36 ± 16 mL/min), showed increased proteinuria (3.2 ± 4.0 to 6.9 ± 11.0 g/g) and the intensity of DSAs maintain stable. No changes were observed in the degree of inflammation of microcirculation (g + pt 4.2 ± 0.8 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0) or in the degree of transplant glomerulopathy (cg 1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0). (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Microcirculation , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Rituximab , Proteinuria , Transplants , Kidney Transplantation
10.
Rev. Soc. Argent. Diabetes ; 56(suple. 2): 60-62, may. - ago. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1396869

ABSTRACT

Diagnosticar, clasificar y estadificar la enfermedad renal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus (DM) es un desafío tanto para los médicos de atención primaria como para los especialistas, porque no existe método en la práctica clínica que evalúe la tasa de filtrado glomerular (TFG) en forma precisa. Para evaluar la función renal en enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) con menos de 60 ml/min/1.73m2 , correspondiente a los estadios 3, 4 y 5 de la clasificación actual, los métodos disponibles en los laboratorios clínicos son de limitada exactitud. En este trabajo se desarrollarán las condiciones que debería cumplir un marcador ideal, las dificultades que ofrece la evaluación de la creatinina, la medición de la TFG, así como las ventajas y limitaciones de las recomendaciones del uso de fórmulas para su determinación, y el algoritmo actual para estimar función renal. Conclusiones: actualmente, a pesar de las limitaciones, se recomienda el empleo de fórmulas para la estimación de la TFG, sobre todo en TFG menor a 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Es un desafío, para un futuro mediato, desarrollar mejores recursos para su evaluación.


To diagnose,classify and stage diabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus is a challenge in clinical practice for both primary care physicians and specialists because there is no method in clinical practice that evaluates accurately the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This challenge is due to difficulties in evaluating kidney function in stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) below 60 ml/min/1.73m2 corresponding to stages 3, 4 and 5 of the classification, because the available tools in clinical laboratories are of limited accuracy. This work explores the conditions that an ideal marker should meet, the difficulties offered by the evaluation of serum creatinine, the measurement of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as well as the advantages and limitations of the recommendations of the use of formulas for its determination and the current algorithm to estimate renal function. Conclusions: currently, despite the limitations, the use of formulas for the diagnosis of renal function is recommended, especially in GFR below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. It is a challenge for the near future to develop better tools for the evaluation of TGF.


Subject(s)
Kidney Diseases , Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetic Nephropathies , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
11.
Rev. Soc. Argent. Diabetes ; 56(supl.1): 60-62, mayo 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431399

ABSTRACT

Resumen Diagnosticar, clasificar y estadificar la enfermedad renal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus (DM) es un desafío tanto para los médicos de atención primaria como para los especialistas, porque no existe método en la práctica clínica que evalúe la tasa de filtrado glomerular (TFG) en forma precisa. Para evaluar la función renal en enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) con menos de 60 ml/min/1.73m., correspondiente a los estadios 3, 4 y 5 de la clasificación actual, los métodos disponibles en los laboratorios clínicos son de limitada exactitud. En este trabajo se desarrollarán las condiciones que debería cumplir un marcador ideal, las dificultades que ofrece la evaluación de la creatinina, la medición de la TFG, así como las ventajas y limitaciones de las recomendaciones del uso de fórmulas para su determinación, y el algoritmo actual para estimar función renal. Conclusiones: actualmente, a pesar de las limitaciones, se recomienda el empleo de fórmulas para la estimación de la TFG, sobre todo en TFG menor a 60 ml/min/1.73 m.. Es un desafío, para un futuro mediato, desarrollar mejores recursos para su evaluación.


Abstract To diagnose,classify and stage diabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus is a challenge in clinical practice for both primary care physicians and specialists because there is no method in clinical practice that evaluates accurately the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This challenge is due to difficulties in evaluating kidney function in stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) below 60 ml/min/1.73m. corresponding to stages 3, 4 and 5 of the classification, because the available tools in clinical laboratories are of limited accuracy. This work explores the conditions that an ideal marker should meet, the difficulties offered by the evaluation of serum creatinine, the measurement of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as well as the advantages and limitations of the recommendations of the use of formulas for its determination and the current algorithm to estimate renal function. Conclusions: currently, despite the limitations, the use of formulas for the diagnosis of renal function is recommended, especially in GFR below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. It is a challenge for the near future to develop better tools for the evaluation of TGF. Key words: renal function; glomerular filtration rate; creatinine; creatinine clearance.

12.
Nefrología (Madrid) ; 42(3): 1-32, Mayo-Junio, 2022. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-205763

ABSTRACT

La enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un importante problema de salud pública a nivel mundial afectando a más del 10% de la población española. Se asocia a elevada comorbilidad, mal pronóstico, así como a un gran consumo de recursos en el sistema sanitario. Desde la publicación del último documento de consenso sobre ERC publicado hace siete años, han sido escasas las evidencias y los ensayos clínicos que hayan mostrado nuevas estrategias en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la ERC, con excepción de los nuevos ensayos en la enfermedad renal diabética. Esta situación ha condicionado que no se hayan actualizado las guías internacionales específicas de ERC. Esta rigidez y actitud conservadora de las guías no debe impedir la publicación de actualizaciones en el conocimiento en algunos aspectos, que pueden ser clave en la detección y manejo del paciente con ERC. En este documento, elaborado en conjunto por diez sociedades científicas, se muestra una actualización sobre conceptos, aclaraciones, criterios diagnósticos, estrategias de remisión y nuevas opciones terapéuticas.Se han revisado las evidencias y los principales estudios publicados en estos aspectos de la ERC, considerándose más bien un documento de información sobre esta patología. El documento incluye una actualización sobre la detección de la ERC, factores de riesgo, cribado, definición de progresión renal, actualización en los criterios de remisión con nuevas sugerencias en la población anciana, monitorización y estrategias de prevención de la ERC, manejo de comorbilidades asociadas, especialmente en diabetes mellitus, funciones del médico de Atención Primaria en el manejo de la ERC y qué no hacer en Nefrología.El objetivo del documento es que sirva de ayuda en el manejo multidisciplinar del paciente con ERC basado en las recomendaciones y conocimientos actuales. (AU)


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide that affects more than 10% of the Spanish population. CKD is associated with high comorbidity rates, poor prognosis and major consumption of health system resources. Since the publication of the last consensus document on CKD seven years ago, little evidence has emerged and few clinical trials on new diagnostic and treatment strategies in CKD have been conducted, apart from new trials in diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, CKD international guidelines have not been recently updated. The rigidity and conservative attitude of the guidelines should not prevent the publication of updates in knowledge about certain matters that may be key in detecting CKD and managing patients with this disease. This document, also prepared by 10 scientific societies, provides an update on concepts, clarifications, diagnostic criteria, remission strategies and new treatment options.The evidence and the main studies published on these aspects of CKD have been reviewed. This should be considered more as an information document on CKD. It includes an update on CKD detection, risk factors and screening; a definition of renal progression; an update of remission criteria with new suggestions in the older population; CKD monitoring and prevention strategies; management of associated comorbidities, particularly in diabetes mellitus; roles of the Primary Care physician in CKD management; and what not to do in Nephrology.The aim of the document is to serve as an aid in the multidisciplinary management of the patient with CKD based on current recommendations and knowledge. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Nephrology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/prevention & control , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Consensus , Albuminuria , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Proteinuria , Primary Health Care
13.
Rev. inf. cient ; 101(1)feb. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409512

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La disminución del filtrado glomerular en adultos mayores diabéticos e hipertensos es consecuencia de factores fisiológicos a los que se le añaden cambios vasculares dependientes de alteraciones que producen las enfermedades crónicas subyacentes. Objetivo: Caracterizar la función renal en adultos mayores diabéticos e hipertensos del Policlínico Docente "Ángel Alfonso Ortiz Vázquez", del municipio Manzanillo en la provincia Granma, durante el año 2020. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo para determinar la función renal en 249 adultos mayores diabéticos e hipertensos pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico de Familia No. 4 del Policlínico Docente "Ángel Alfonso Ortiz Vázquez", del municipio Manzanillo en la provincia Granma, durante el año 2020. Se empleó la fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault y se extrajeron de las historias clínicas las variables: diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus, diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial, edad, sexo, peso y creatinina. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino (52,2 %). El rango de edades, comprendido entre 60 y 87 años, tuvo una media de 68,9 ± 7,3. El valor mínimo de filtrado glomerular fue de 27,5 ml/min/1,73 m2, y el máximo fue de 143,7 ml/min/1,73 m2, la media en estos pacientes fue de 69,2 ± 18,7 ml/min/1,73 m2; para los varones fue 71,4 ± 19,0 ml/min/1,73 m2 y de 66,8 ± 18,2 ml/min/1,73 m2 para las mujeres. Predominó la hipertensión arterial (94,4 %) sobre la diabetes mellitus (41,8 %). El filtrado glomerular en los hipertensos (29,7 %) fue inferior a 60 ml/min/1,73 m2. Conclusiones: Un tercio de los pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos del estudio presenta disminución del filtrado glomerular, y esta disminución está asociada al incremento de la edad.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The decrease in glomerular filtration rate in older adults' patients with diabetic and hypertensive problems is a consequence of physiological factors to which are added some vascular changes associated with alterations produced by underlying chronic diseases. Objective: To characterize renal function in older adults' patients with diabetic and hypertensive problems, attended at the Family Doctor's Office No. 4, Policlínico Docente "Ángel Alfonso Ortiz Vázquez", Manzanillo, Granma, in 2020. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was carried out in 2020 to determine the renal function in 249 older adults with diabetic and hypertension problems, attended at the Family Doctor's Office No. 4, Policlínico Docente "Ángel Alfonso Ortiz Vázquez", Manzanillo, Granma. The Cockcroft-Gaulty formula was used. The following variables extracted from the medical records were used: diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, diagnosis of hypertension, age, sex, weight and creatinine text. Results: Male sex predominated (52.2 %). The mean age range, between 60 and 87 years, was 68.9 ± 7.3. The minimum glomerular filtration rate was 27.5 ml/min/1.73 m2, and the maximum was 143.7 ml/min/1.73 m2, the mean rate in these patients was 69.2 ± 18.7 ml/min/1.73 m2. For male was 71.4 ± 19.0 ml/min/1.73 m2 and 66.8 ± 18.2 ml/min/1.73 m2 for female. Hypertension predominated (94.4%) over diabetes mellitus (41.8%). The glomerular filtration rate in hypertensive patients (29.7 %) was less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Conclusions: A third of patients with diabetic and hypertension had decreased in glomerular filtration rate, and this decrease was associated with increasing age.


RESUMO Introdução: A diminuição da taxa de filtração glomerular em idosos diabéticos e hipertensos é consequência de fatores fisiológicos aos quais se somam alterações vasculares dependentes de alterações produzidas por doenças crônicas de base. Objetivo: Caracterizar a função renal em idosos diabéticos e hipertensos pertencentes ao Gabinete Médico de Família No. 4 da Policlínico Docente "Ángel Alfonso Ortiz Vázquez", no município de Manzanillo, província de Granma, durante o ano de 2020. Método: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, para determinar a função renal em 249 idosos diabéticos e hipertensos pertencentes ao Gabinete Médico de Família No. 4 da Policlínico Docente "Ángel Alfonso Ortiz Vázquez", no município de Manzanillo, província de Granma, durante o ano de 2020. Foi utilizada a fórmula de Cockcroft-Gault e extraídas dos prontuários as variáveis: diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus, diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial, idade, sexo, peso e creatinina. Resultados: Prevaleceu o sexo masculino (52,2%). A faixa etária, entre 60 e 87 anos, teve média de 68,9 ± 7,3. O valor mínimo de filtração glomerular foi 27,5 ml/min/1,73 m2 e o máximo foi 143,7 ml/min/1,73 m2, a média nesses pacientes foi 69,2 ± 18, 7ml/min/1,73 m2; para os homens foi de 71,4 ± 19,0 ml/min/1,73 m2 e 66,8 ± 18,2 ml/min/1,73 m2 para as mulheres. A hipertensão arterial (94,4%) prevaleceu sobre o diabetes mellitus (41,8%). A taxa de filtração glomerular em hipertensos (29,7%) foi inferior a 60 ml/min/1,73 m2. Conclusões: Um terço dos pacientes diabéticos e hipertensos do estudo apresentam diminuição da taxa de filtração glomerular, e essa diminuição está associada ao aumento da idade.

14.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 56(1): 43-74, ene. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1402946

ABSTRACT

Resumen El filtrado glomerular (FG) se considera el mejor índice para evaluar la función renal en la práctica clínica. Recientemente, ha ganado popularidad la utilización de ecuaciones que estiman el FG, en distintas poblaciones, a partir de los niveles séricos de algunos biomarcadores. Sin embargo, no todas las fórmulas han sido validadas en los diversos escenarios clínicos probables. Las sociedades participantes: Sociedad Argentina de Nefrología, Asociación Bioquímica Argentina, Fundación Bioquímica Argentina y Confederación Unificada Bioquímica de la República Argentina, integradas por nefrólogos y bioquímicos, realizaron un consenso actualizado sobre la utilización del FG como herramienta de detección de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en la Argentina. Se analizó la bibliografía existente y, teniendo en cuenta aspectos de nuestra realidad sanitaria, se establecieron sugerencias para su utilización. Se actualizaron las indicaciones del uso del FG medido. En sucesivos capítulos se puso foco en distintos estados del FG en diversas poblaciones y situaciones. En los estados de reducción del FG, se mencionaron tanto los fisiológicos propios del envejecimiento, como los determinados por situaciones patológicas, por ejemplo, el observado en la ERC avanzada o el determinado en aquellos pacientes que recibieron un trasplante renal. Se revisaron, por otro lado, las situaciones de incremento del FG, como las observadas en el embarazo o en la obesidad. Se refirieron, asimismo, las limitaciones de la estimación del FG, se reconoció su valor en situaciones de la práctica clínica habitual, o en contextos epidemiológicos definidos y se sugirieron las ecuaciones más adecuadas para su utilización en cada caso.


Abstract The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is considered the best index to assess the renal function in clinical practice. Recently, the use of equations to estimate GFR in different populations, based on the serum levels of some biomarkers, has gained popularity. However, not all the equations have been validated in the various likely clinical scenarios. Thus, the participating societies, i.e. the Argentine Society of Nephrology, the Argentine Association of Biochemistry, the Argentine Foundation of Biochemistry, and the Unified Confederation of Biochemistry of Argentina, composed of nephrologists and biochemists, have established an updated consensus on the use of the GFR as a tool for the detection of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Argentina. The consensus was established on the basis of the analysis of the existing literature and taking into account aspects of the health situation in Argentina. Suggestions for the use of the GFR were made, and the indications for its use were updated. The successive chapters of the consensus consider different values of the GFR in different populations and situations. The different situations considered and reviewed include cases of a decrease in the GFR, such as the physiological one related to aging and that related to pathological situations, as observed in advanced CKD or in patients who have received a kidney transplant, as well as cases of an increase in the GRF, such as that observed in pregnancy or obesity. The consensus also mentions the advantages and limitations of the estimation of the GFR in situations of usual clinical practice or in specific epidemiological contexts, and the most appropriate equations for its use in each case is suggested.


Resumo A filtração glomerular (FG) é considerada o melhor índice para avaliar a função renal na prática clínica. Recentemente, a utilização de equações que calculam a FG, em diferentes populações, ganhou popularidade a partir dos níveis séricos de alguns biomarcadores. Entretanto, nem todas as fórmulas têm sido validadas nos diversos cenários clínicos prováveis. As sociedades participantes: Sociedade Argentina de Nefrologia, Associação Bioquímica Argentina, Fundação Bioquímica Argentina e Confederação Unificada Bioquímica da República Argentina, integradas por nefrologistas e bioquímicos, realizaram um consenso atualizado sobre a utilização da FG, como ferramenta de detecção da doença renal crônica (DRC) na Argentina. Foi analisada a bibliografia existente e, considerando aspectos da nossa realidade sanitária, foram estabelecidas sugestões para sua utilização. Foram atualizadas as indicações do uso da FG medida. Em sucessivos capítulos se colocou o foco em diferentes estados da FG em populações e situações diversas. Nos estados de redução da FG, foram mencionados tanto os fisiológicos próprios do envelhecimento, quanto os determinados por situações patológicas, por exemplo, aquele observado na DRC avançada ou o determinado naqueles pacientes que receberam um transplante renal. Por outra parte, foram revistas as situações de aumento da FG como as observadas na gravidez ou na obesidade. Foram referidas, também, as limitações da estimativa da FG, foi reconhecido o seu valor em situações da prática clínica habitual, ou em contextos epidemiológicos definidos e se sugeriram equações mais adequadas para sua utilização em cada caso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers , Consensus , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Kidney Function Tests , Patients , Periodicals as Topic , Population , Preceptorship , World Health Organization , Biochemistry , Aging , Zona Glomerulosa , Kidney Transplantation , Aftercare , Transplants , Diagnosis , Filtration , Nephrologists , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Kidney , Nephrology , Obesity
15.
O.F.I.L ; 32(2): 179-181, enero 2022.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-205754

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Carboplatin dosage methods are often based on renal clearance. An accurate determination of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be obtained by measuring 51Cr-EDTA clearance; however, this method is laborious. For that matter, various formulae have been developed to estimate the GFR. The aim of this study is to compare carboplatin doses calculated by Mann/Pein formula with GFR measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance and GFR estimated with Schwartz formulae in children.Methods: All cancer paediatric patients whose GFR was measured by 51Cr-EDTA were included. GFR was also estimated with Schwartz formulae. To calculate carboplatin dose, Mann/Pein formula was used. A target Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 5 mg/ml/min was chosen. Carboplatin doses were calculated with two different values of GFR calculated previously.Results: A total of 33 patients were identified with a median age of 10 years old (range 1-17), 63.6% were males. The median weight, height and BSA were 28 kg (range 8-84.4 kg), 137 cm (range 64-182 cm) and 1.04 m2 (range 0,37-2,1 m2) respectively. The mean of carboplatin doses calculated with GFR measured by 51Cr-EDTA was 274.3±135.7 mg and with GFR estimated with Schwartz formulae was 364.9±156.6 mg. The mean difference between methods was 90.6 mg, P<0.001.Conclusion: Carboplatin doses calculated with GFR estimated by Schwartz were statistically higher than those measured with 51Cr-EDTA. This variability may be a risk factor leading to inadequate dosage of patients treated with carboplatin. (AU)


Introducción: Existen métodos de dosificación de carboplatino que emplean el aclaramiento renal. La tasa de filtrado glomerular (TFG) puede ser determinada de forma precisa mediante el aclaramiento de Cr51-EDTA, sin embargo, este método es laborioso. Por ello, diversas fórmulas se han desarrollado para estimar la TFG. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar las dosis de carboplatino calculadas empleando la TFG medida con Cr51-EDTA y la estimada con la fórmula de Schwartz en pediatría.Métodos: Todos los pacientes oncológicos pediátricos a los cuales se les midió la TFG mediante Cr51-EDTA fueron incluidos. Las TFG fueron también estimadas con la fórmula de Schwartz. Para calcular la dosis de carboplatino se empleó la fórmula de Mann/Pein. Se seleccionó un objetivo de Área Bajo la Curva (AUC) de 5 mg/ml/min. Las dosis de carboplatino fueron calculadas empleando los dos valores de TFG obtenidos previamente.Resultados: Se identificaron un total de 33 pacientes con una mediana de edad de 10 años (rango 1-17 años), el 63,6% eran hombres. La mediana de dosis de carboplatino calculadas con la TFG medida con Cr51-EDTA y la estimada con la fórmula de Schwartz fueron respectivamente 274,3±135,7 mg y 364,9 ±156,6 mg. La diferencia media entre métodos fue de 90,6 mg (p<0,001). Conclusión: Las dosis de carboplatino calculadas con la TFG estimada por la fórmula de Schwartz fueron significativamente superiores a las obtenidas con la TFG medida con Cr51-EDTA. Esta variabilidad puede ser un factor de riesgo pudiendo provocar una dosificación inadecuada en pacientes tratados con carboplatino. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Carboplatin , Area Under Curve , Medical Oncology , Patients
16.
Nefrologia (Engl Ed) ; 42(5): 578-584, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36717307

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: There is no consensus on the most appropriate treatment for chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR). Recent studies suggest that treatment with tocilizumab (TCZ) may stabilize graft function, decrease the intensity of donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSAs) and reduce inflammation of microcirculation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Observational study with renal allograft recipients diagnosed with cAMR (n = 5) who had not submitted a response to traditional treatment based on the combination of plasma replacements, immunoglobulins, and rituximab. Patients were told to be treated with TCZ as compassionate use in six doses per month (8 mg/kg/month). Renal function, proteinuria, and the intensity of DSAs were monitored during follow-up. RESULTS: Five patients, average age 60 ± 13 years, three male and two retrasplants (cPRA average 55%) with preformed DSAs. Treatment with TCZ was initiated within 47 ± 52 days of biopsy. In two cases treatment was discontinued after the first dose, by severe bicitopenia with cytomegalovirus viremia and by graft failure, respectively. In the three patients who completed treatment, no stability of renal function (serum creatinine from 1.73 ± 0.70 to 2.04 ± 0.52 mg/dL, e-FGR 4 6 ± 15 to 36 ± 16 mL/min), showed increased proteinuria (3.2 ± 4.0 to 6.9 ± 11.0 g/g) and the intensity of DSAs maintain stable. No changes were observed in the degree of inflammation of microcirculation (g+pt 4.2 ± 0.8 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0) or in the degree of transplant glomerulopathy (cg 1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0). CONCLUSIONS: TCZ therapy does not appear to be effective in modifying the natural history of chronic active antibody-mediated rejection, does not improve the degree of inflammation of microcirculation and does not reduces the intensity of DSAs.


Subject(s)
Kidney Transplantation , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Isoantibodies , Proteinuria/etiology , Inflammation/etiology , Graft Rejection/drug therapy , Graft Rejection/prevention & control
17.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 48(3)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1386685

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: en los últimos años se ha reportado un incremento en la prevalencia de obesidad infantil, siendo este un factor de riesgo para enfermedades crónico-degenerativas como la Enfermedad Renal Crónica; por ende, se requieren de biomarcadores endógenos para detectar las alteraciones en el filtrado glomerular, siendo la Cistatina C uno de ellos. Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de Cistatina C elevada en pacientes con sobrepeso y Obesidad del noroeste de México. Material y Métodos: se estudió un grupo de infantes de 6 a 12 años, a los cuales según antropometría se clasificó en normopeso, sobrepeso u obesidad. Se obtuvo la somatometria y los niveles de Cistatina C de cada uno de ellos para el cálculo del filtrado glomerular y clasificar la función renal y se buscó asociación entre estas dos condiciones mediante prueba de chi cuadrado. Resultados: de un grupo de 80 pacientes el 51.3% presentó sobrepeso/obesidad; de estos en el 46.3% se reportaron niveles altos de Cistatina C, de acuerdo con el rango de referencia propuesto por Filler 2003. La media para Tasa de Filtración Glomerular (TFG) en el grupo con sobrepeso/obesidad fue de 103.1 ml/min/1.73 m2, comparada con el grupo normopeso de 121.2 ml/min/1.73 m2. La frecuencia de niveles altos de Cistatina C en población con sobrepeso/obesidad fue de 62.9% comparado con un 26.6% en normopeso. Conclusiones: Los Niños de 6 a 12 años con exceso de peso presentan mayor frecuencia de nivel elevado de Cistatina C.


ABSTRACT Introduction: in recent years an increase has been reported in the prevalence of childhood obesity, which is a risk factor for chronic degenerative diseases such as Chronic Kidney Disease; therefore, endogenous biomarkers are needed to detect alterations in glomerular filtration, Cystatin C being one of them. Objective: To identify the frequency of elevated Cystatin C in overweight and obese patients in northwestern Mexico. Materials and Methods: a group of infants aged 6 to 12 years was studied, who according to anthropometry were classified as normal weight, overweight or obesity. Somatometry and Cystatin C levels were obtained from each of them to calculate glomerular filtration rate and classify renal function, and an association between these two conditions was sought using the chi-square test. Results: of a group of 80 patients, 51.3% were overweight / obese; Of these, 46.3% had high levels of Cystatin C, according to the reference range proposed by Filler 2003. The mean Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the overweight / obese group was 103.1 ml / min / 1.73 m2, compared to the normal weight group of 121.2 ml / min / 1.73 m2. The frequency of high levels of Cystatin C in the overweight / obese population was 62.9% compared to 26.6% in normal weight. Conclusions: Children from 6 to 12 years of age with excess weight have a higher frequency of high levels of Cystatin C.

18.
Vive (El Alto) ; 4(12)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1390545

ABSTRACT

Resumen La enfermedad renal crónica es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial y se define como una anormalidad patológica del riñón como hematuria o proteinuria, o una reducción de la tasa de filtrado glomerular menor a 60ml-min por más de tres meses. En todos los estudios la prevalencia a esta enfermedad va aumentando debido a que sus principales causas diabetes e hipertensión se han convertido en pandemias. Objetivo. Demostrar los factores de riesgo y complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes por alteraciones minerales y óseas. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en los pacientes del Instituto del riñón INRIDI San Martin de Enero a Nov del 2019, los métodos de investigación implementados fueron analítico y cualitativo- cuantitativo. El universo estuvo constituido por los 253 pacientes de la clínica de diálisis San Martin se obtuvo como muestra 70 pacientes basado en los criterios de exclusión. Resultados. Se halló que el 94.2 % de los pacientes estudiados estuvieron en el grupo de casos sin hipercalcemia, así mismo 58.55% sentaron en el grupo con hiperfosfatemia. Entre los factores de riesgo se demostró la prevalencia en el sexo masculino, la hipertensión, diabetes y la dislipidemia. Conclusiones . La frecuencia de cambios en el metabolismo mineral y óseo en pacientes con ERC es muy variable, y este estudio revela aspectos epidemiológicos que permiten reconocer los problemas actuales de la enfermedad que viabilizaran reducir el riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes.


Abstract Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem and is defined as a pathological abnormality of the kidney such as hematuria or proteinuria, or a reduction of the glomerular filtration rate to less than 60 ml-min for more than three months. In all studies the prevalence of this disease is increasing because its main causes diabetes and hypertension have become pandemics. Objective. To demonstrate the risk factors and cardiovascular complications in patients with mineral and bone alterations. Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in patients of the Instituto del riñón INRIDI San Martin from January to Nov 2019, the research methods implemented were analytical and qualitative-quantitative. The universe was constituted by the 253 patients of the San Martin dialysis clinic, 70 patients were obtained as a sample based on the exclusion criteria. Results: Results. It was found that 94.2% of the patients studied were in the group of cases without hypercalcemia, and 58.55% were in the group with hyperphosphatemia. Among the risk factors, the prevalence in the male sex, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was demonstrated. Conclusions . The frequency of changes in bone and mineral metabolism in patients with CKD is highly variable, and this study reveals epidemiological aspects that allow us to recognize the current problems of the disease that will make it feasible to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and improve the quality of life of patients.


Resumo A doença renal crónica (CKD) é um problema de saúde pública mundial e é definida como uma anomalia patológica do rim, como a hematúria ou proteinúria, ou uma redução da taxa de filtração glomerular para menos de 60ml-min durante mais de três meses. Em todos os estudos, a prevalência desta doença está a aumentar porque as suas principais causas de diabetes e hipertensão se tornaram pandemias. Objectivo. Demonstrar os factores de risco e as complicações cardiovasculares em doentes com doenças minerais e ósseas. Métodos. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal em pacientes do instituto renal San Martin INRIDI de Janeiro a Novembro de 2019, os métodos de investigação implementados foram analíticos e qualitativos-quantitativos. O universo consistia em 253 pacientes da clínica de diálise de San Martin, 70 pacientes foram obtidos como amostra com base nos critérios de exclusão. Resultados. Verificou-se que 94,2% dos doentes estudados se encontravam no grupo de casos sem hipercalcemia, e 58,55% estavam no grupo com hiperfosfatemia. Entre os factores de risco, foi demonstrada a prevalência de hipertensão, diabetes e dislipidemia no sexo masculino. Conclusões . A frequência das alterações do metabolismo ósseo e mineral em doentes com CKD é altamente variável, e este estudo revela aspectos epidemiológicos que nos permitem reconhecer os problemas actuais da doença que tornarão viável a redução do risco de eventos cardiovasculares e a melhoria da qualidade de vida dos doentes.

19.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 7(4): 265-270, oct.-dic. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1396061

ABSTRACT

Demostrar la correlación entre las ecuaciones MDRD, CKD-EPI con la depuración de creatinina de 24 horas en pacientes oncológicos. Estudio transversal realizado en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional Dr Juan Tanca Marengo durante el periodo de tiempo comprendido entre el mes de agosto 2019 a agosto de 2020. Al evaluar las distintas variable MDRD obtuvo un valor promedio de 44,81 ml/min/m2 con un intervalo de 41,07 ­ 48,55 ml/min/m2 , la variable CKD-EPI el valor promedio fue 43,59 + 18,09 ml/min/m2 con un intervalo de 40,01 ­ 47,18 ml/min/m2 , para el estándar de referencia depuración de creatinina de 24 horas el promedio fue de 54ml/min/m2 Al evaluar la relación entre los dos estimadores de TFG se encontró que ambos presentan una fiabilidad regular presentando una correlación intraclase de 0,43 (p<0,05) entre los estimadores CKD-EPI y MDRD en relación con la TFG de creatinina de 24horas. Cuando se evaluó pacientes con tumores sólidos y hematológicos, se encontró una mayor correlación intraclase con la escala MDRD-4 0,60 (0,25 ­ 0,82) < 0,05 en tumores hematológicos en comparación con CKD-EPI. En la población general, CKD-EPI es la fórmula recomendada, y se está recomendado con mayor frecuencia en pacientes oncológicos. Nuestro estudio demostró que la ecuación MDRD es la fórmula que mejor se correlaciona con la depuración de creatinina de 24 horas, siendo mejor en el grupo de tumores hematológicos, pero no existe diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre las dos ecuaciones.


To demonstrate the correlation between the MDRD, CKD-EPI equations with the 24-hour creatinine clearance in cancer patients. Cross-sectional study carried out at the National Oncological Institute Dr Juan Tanca Marengo during the period of time between the month of August 2019 to August 2020. When evaluating the different MDRD variables, an average value of 44.81 ml / min / m2 was obtained with an interval of 41.07 ­ 48.55 ml / min / m2, the CKD-EPI variable the average value was 43.59 + 18 , 09 ml / min / m2 with an interval of 40.01 ­ 47.18 ml / min / m2, for the reference standard creatinine clearance of 24 hours the average was 54 ml / min / m2 When evaluating the relationship between the two estimators of GFR, it was found that both present a regular reliability, presenting an intraclass correlation of 0.43 (p <0.05) between the CKD-EPI and MDRD estimators in relation to the 24-hour creatinine GFR. When patients with solid and hematological tumors were evaluated, a higher intraclass correlation was found with the MDRD-4 scale 0.60 (0.25 ­ 0.82) <0.05 in hematological tumors compared to CKD-EPI. In the general population, CKD-EPI is the recommended formulation, and it is more frequently recommended in cancer patients. Our study showed that the MDRD equation is the formula that best correlates with 24-hour creatinine clearance, being better in the group of hematological tumors, but there is no statistically significant difference between the two equations.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Creatinine/urine , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Kidney Diseases/diagnosis , Neoplasms/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Age Distribution , Kidney Diseases/physiopathology , Kidney Function Tests/methods
20.
Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 33(5): 224-234, Sep-Oct. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-221046

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Con frecuencia, los pacientes con cardiopatía tienen disfunción renal manifestada por el descenso del filtrado glomerular (FG) y/o aumento de la albuminuria. Objetivos: El objetivo fue estudiar el papel del aumento de la rigidez aórtica en la presencia y extensión de la enfermedad coronaria (EC) y en la disfunción renal en sujetos con EC. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal de 48 pacientes con sospecha de EC sometidos a coronariografía. Mediante tonometría de aplanamiento sobre la arterial radial y aplicando una función de transferencia, se calcularon los valores de presión arterial central. El estudio de la rigidez aórtica se hizo mediante la determinación de la velocidad de pulso carótida-femoral (Vpc-f). Resultados: De los 48 pacientes, 11 no tenían lesiones coronarias significativas, 24 evidenciaron lesiones significativas en una o dos arterias coronarias y 13 en ≥ tres arterias. El grupo con mayor grado de EC tenía valores de presión de pulso central (PPc) más altos que el grupo sin EC. La Vpc-f aumentaba de forma progresiva y significativa con el grado de EC. La regresión logística mostraba que la VPc-f predecía de forma independiente la presencia de EC. El FG se correlacionaba de forma negativa y significativa con la edad. La Vpc-f se asociaba a la albuminuria. Conclusiones: En pacientes con EC estable, la Vpc-f se relaciona de forma independiente con la existencia y extensión de la EC, así como con la disminución del FG y el aumento de la albuminuria.(AU)


Background: Patients with heart disease frequently have renal dysfunction manifested by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and / or increase of albuminuria. Objectives: The objective was to study the possible role of increased aortic stiffness in the presence and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) and kidney dysfunction in a group of patients with suspected CAD. Patients and methods: We studied forty-eight patients undergoing coronariography for suspected coronary disease (CAD). Using applanation tonometry on the radial artery and applying a transfer function, central blood pressure values were calculated. The study of aortic stiffness was done by determining the carotid-femoral pulse velocity (Pvc-f). Results: Of the 48 patients, 11 had no significant coronary lesions, 24 showed significant lesions in 1 or 2 coronary arteries and 13 in ≥ 3 arteries. The group with a higher degree of CD had significantly higher cPP values than the group without CD. The Pvc-f increased progressively and significantly with the degree of CD. The logistic regression showed that Pvc-f independently predicted the presence of CD. The relative risk of CD increased 2.5 times for each meter of increase in Pvc-f. The GFR was negatively and significantly correlated with age and Pvc-f was associated with albuminuria. Conclusions: In patients with stable CD, Pvc-f, expression of aortic stiffness, is independently associated with the existence of CD and its degree of extension. The increase in arterial stiffness also participates in the decrease in GFR and in the increase in albuminuria.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Chronic Disease , Vascular Stiffness , Heart Diseases , Coronary Disease , Renal Insufficiency , Cross-Sectional Studies , Manometry , Prevalence , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Coronary Vessels/surgery
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