Risk factors of early liver dysfunction after liver transplantation using grafts from donation after citizen death donors.

BACKGROUND: As an early complication after liver transplantation, early allograft dysfunction (EAD) indicates a poor prognosis. This study analyzes the risk factors related to early allograft dysfunction (EAD) after liver transplantation using grafts from donation after citizen death (DCD) to provide a reference for the prevention of EAD after DCD liver transplantation. METHODS: A total of 32 patients who underwent DCD liver transplantation in the organ transplantation center of our hospital from September 2013 to January 2021 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into the EAD group and non-EAD group according to whether they developed EAD after transplantation. The general data of the donors and recipients before transplantation, intraoperative conditions, and clinical data within one week after transplantation were compared between the two groups, and related complications were statistically analyzed. The follow-up time was one week postoperatively or, if they died within the first week postoperatively, until the patient died. RESULTS: The subjects included 10 females and 22 males, and the incidence of postoperative EAD was 25% (8/32). Four patients (12%) had primary malignant tumors (primary liver cancer and cholangiocarcinoma), and five donors (15%) had fatty liver. The univariate analysis revealed that the donor BMI (P = 0.005), degree of fatty liver (P = 0.025), aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.001), and total bilirubin (P = 0.009) were related to the occurrence of EAD after DCD liver transplantation. By analyzing the correlation between the incidence EAD and postoperative complications after liver transplantation using grafts from DCD donors, it was shown that the incidence of primary nonfunction (PNF) is related to EAD (P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: Donor BMI, the degree of fatty liver, and preoperative liver function are risk factors for EAD after DCD liver transplantation, and the occurrence of EAD after DCD liver transplantation significantly increases the probability of PNF.

[Factors affecting the survival of transplants from donors after prehospital cardiac death]. / Factores que influyen en la evolución de los injertos de donantes tras muerte cardiaca extrahospitalaria.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate factors that influence the survival of transplanted organs from donors after prehospital cardiac death. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational study of data collected from hospital emergency service records. Information included prehospital cardiac deaths evaluated as donors as well as patients who received transplants. RESULTS: Two hundred cases from 2008 through 2011 were studied. Sixty-nine potential donors (34.5%) were rejected. Three hundred organs were extracted from the remaining 131 donor cases, to yield a mean (SD) of 2.32 (0.83) transplanted organs/donor or 1.52 (1.29) organs/potential donor. One hundred fifty-two potential donors (76%) were treated with mechanical cardiopumps during transport. We detected no significant differences between cases transported with manual chest compressions and cases treated with cardiopumps regarding age (40.1 vs 43.5 years, P=.06), responder arrival times (13 min 54 s vs 12 min 54 s, P=.45), or transport times (1 h 27 min vs 1 h 32 min). However, case transported with manual chest compressions yielded significantly more kidneys (mean, 1.96/potential donor) than those transported with cardiopump compressions (mean, 1.38/potential donor) (P=.008). Eleven of the 229 kidneys harvested (4%) were not transplanted. The median (interquartile range) serum creatinine concentrations after kidney transplants at 6 and 12 months, respectively, were 1.37 (1.10-1.58) mg/dL and 1.43 (1.11-1.80) mg/dL. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the use of a cardiopump reduces donor recruitment. Long-term creatinine levels are similar after transplantation of kidneys from donors transported with a cardiopump or with manual compressions.

OBJETIVO: Valorar los factores extrahospitalarios que pueden influir en la viabilidad de los injertos en los receptores. METODO: Estudio observacional retrospectivo que recoge datos de los registros del sistema de emergencias (pacientes con muerte cardiaca extrahospitalaria que fueron trasladados al hospital para valorar) y del hospital (pacientes trasplantados) de aquellos pacientes con muerte cardiaca extrahospitalaria que fueron trasladados al hospital para valorar. RESULTADOS: Se recogen 200 casos entre los años 2008 y 2011, de los que 69 (34,5%) no fueron donantes. De los 131 donantes utilizados se extrajeron 300 órganos [media de 2,32 (DE 0,83) órganos/donante utilizado y 1,52 (DE 1,29) órganos/donante potencial]. De los 200 pacientes, 152 fueron trasladados bajo cardiocompresión mecánica (76%). No hay diferencia significativa en edad (40,1 frente a 43,5 años, p = 0,06) y tiempo de llegada (13' 54' ' frente a 12' 54' ' , p = 0,45) y tiempo de trasferencia (1 h y 27' frente a 1 h y 32') entre el grupo de pacientes trasladados con cardiocompresión manual y con cardiocompresión mecánica, pero si en la media de órganos por donante potencial en favor de la cardiocompresión manual (1,96 frente a 1,38, p = 0,008). De los 229 riñones extraídos, no se trasplantaron 11 (4%). La mediana de la creatinina a los 6 meses de los riñones fue de 1,37 mg/dl (RIC: 1,10-1,58) y a los 12 meses de 1,43 mg/dl (RIC: 1,11-1,80), sin diferencias entre ambos grupos. CONCLUSIONES: Nuestros datos sugieren que el uso de compresores mecánicos disminuye el reclutamiento de donantes. A largo plazo la concentración de creatinina en los riñones trasplantados es similar independientemente del tipo de compresión usada durante el traslado y ninguna variable extrahospitalaria predice la evolución de los injertos.

Kidney transplantation from a donor following cardiac death supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

To expand the donor pool, organ donation after cardiac death (DCD) has emerged. However, kidneys from DCD donors have a period of long warm ischemia between cardiac arrest and the harvesting of the organs. Recently, we used extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to minimize ischemic injury during 'no touch' periods in a Maastricht category II DCD donor and performed two successful kidney transplantations. The kidneys were procured from a 49-yr-old male donor. The warm ischemia time was 31 min, and the time of maintained circulation using ECMO was 7 hr 55 min. The cold ischemia time was 9 hr 15 min. The kidneys were transplanted into two recipients and functioned immediately after reperfusion. The grafts showed excellent function at one and three months post-transplantation; serum creatinine (SCr) levels were 1.0 mg/dL and 0.8 mg/dL and the estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were 63 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and 78 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in the first recipient, and SCr levels were 1.1 mg/dL and 1.0 mg/dL and eGFR were 56 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and 64 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in the second recipient. In conclusion, it is suggested that kidney transplantation from a category II DCD donor assisted by ECMO is a reasonable modality for expanding donor pool.

Kidney Transplantation from a Donor Following Cardiac Death Supported with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

To expand the donor pool, organ donation after cardiac death (DCD) has emerged. However, kidneys from DCD donors have a period of long warm ischemia between cardiac arrest and the harvesting of the organs. Recently, we used extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to minimize ischemic injury during 'no touch' periods in a Maastricht category II DCD donor and performed two successful kidney transplantations. The kidneys were procured from a 49-yr-old male donor. The warm ischemia time was 31 min, and the time of maintained circulation using ECMO was 7 hr 55 min. The cold ischemia time was 9 hr 15 min. The kidneys were transplanted into two recipients and functioned immediately after reperfusion. The grafts showed excellent function at one and three months post-transplantation; serum creatinine (SCr) levels were 1.0 mg/dL and 0.8 mg/dL and the estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were 63 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 78 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the first recipient, and SCr levels were 1.1 mg/dL and 1.0 mg/dL and eGFR were 56 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 64 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the second recipient. In conclusion, it is suggested that kidney transplantation from a category II DCD donor assisted by ECMO is a reasonable modality for expanding donor pool.