Identifying post-traumatic stress symptom typologies in clinical and non-clinical healthcare staff: a latent profile analysis.

Background: There has been growing concern regarding increasing levels of post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms experienced by healthcare workers (HCW) in the UK, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic.Objectives: PTS symptom typologies have been investigated in other adult populations using person-centred latent variable approaches, revealing profiles showing differing symptom levels and patterns. We aimed to explore typologies among clinical and non-clinical healthcare staff to elucidate heterogeneity of presentation.  Methods: This was a retrospective study using referral data from treatment-seeking healthcare staff in the North of England (N = 1600). We employed latent profile analysis using the PTSD International Trauma Questionnaire domains as profile indicators. We included covariates relating to role-type, depression, anxiety and mental health concerns before March of 2020.   Results: A model with six profiles fit the data best. Profile names were given as follows: 'No symptom'; 'Low symptom'; 'Low symptom (moderate Sense of current threat (Th_dx) and Functional impairment (FI))'; 'Moderate symptom (low Th_dx and high Avoidance (Av_dx))'; 'Moderate symptom'; and 'High symptom'. Covariates were shown to have differential predictive power on profile membership. Conclusions: The finding of profiles with pattern differences suggests a need for both differential and specifically targeted treatments, as well as a consideration of early intervention for those individuals with subclinical PTS symptoms. As expected, anxiety and depression were both predictors of several of the symptomatic profiles, with anxiety producing a larger effect. Further research is required to fully understand the link between role-type and PTS symptom typologies among HCW. .

Six distinct profiles of post-traumatic stress symptoms were found in treatment-seeking healthcare staff.Four of the profiles differed only in terms of severity of symptoms. Two of the profiles revealed pattern differences relating to differing severity across avoidance, sense of current threat and functional impairment.Working in a non-clinical role (e.g. hospital porter or admin staff) predicted membership of two of the moderate symptom profiles.Other mental health difficulties, anxiety and depression, predicted membership of several symptomatic profiles.

Internações na infância por doenças do aparelho respiratório no Brasil de 2013 a 2022 / Hospitalizaciones infantiles por enfermedades del sistema respiratorio en Brasil de 2013 a 2022 / Hospitalizations during childhood due to respiratory system diseases in Brazil from 2013 to 2022

Introdução: As doenças do sistema respiratório se mostram como uma das causas mais preocupantes de internações hospitalares no país. Nessa perspectiva, o perfil das internações por doenças respiratórias em crianças permite observar os parâmetros desta problemática, fornecendo um conhecimento amplo acerca do processo saúde e doença nessa população. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico das internações hospitalares por causas do aparelho respiratório em crianças de 0 a 9 anos no Brasil e regiões, entre os anos de 2013 e 2022. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, realizado no Brasil, a partir de dados secundários do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares. A população escolhida para este estudo foram crianças de 0 a 9 anos deidade. Os dados foram coletados em 26 de novembro de 2022. As variáveis dependentes do estudo são as internações de crianças de 0 a 9 anos por doenças do aparelho respiratório no Brasil e suas regiões. Já, como variáveis independentes, tem-se o tempo, do período de janeiro de 2013 a setembro de 2022, regiões e faixa etária. Resultados: Há uma tendência de queda das internações por causa respiratória até o ano de 2016, seguido de um crescimento gradativo até 2019. Entretanto, em 2020, a taxa de hospitalização reduziu drasticamente em todas as localidades. As regiões Sul, Norte e Centro-Oeste permaneceram com taxas maiores que o Brasil em todo o período estudado. A internação em menores de 1 ano representa o maior quantitativo de internações sendo a pneumonia a causa mais prevalente. Conclusões: As taxas de internação infantil por doenças respiratórias representam importante preocupação para saúde pública. Assim, destaca-se a relevância da efetividade da Atenção Primária à Saúde, que possui grande impacto no desfecho dos adoecimentos em crianças, especialmente das doenças respiratórias (AU).

Introduction: Respiratory system diseases are one of the most worrying causes of hospital admissions in the country. From this perspective, the profile of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in children allows us to notice the parameters of this problem, providing a broad understanding of the health and disease process in this population.Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile of hospital admissions due to respiratory causes in children aged 0 to 9 in Brazil and its regions between 2013 and 2022. Methodology: This is an ecological study held in Brazil using secondary data from the Hospital Information System. The population chosen for this study consisted of children aged 0 to 9. Data were collected on November 26, 2022. The dependent variables of this study are hospitalizations of children aged 0 to 9 due to respiratory diseases in Brazil and its regions. The independent variables are time, from January 2013 to September 2022, regions, and age group.Results: There was a downward trend in hospitalizations due to respiratory causes until 2016, followed by a gradual increase until 2019. Nonetheless, in 2020, the hospitalization rate fell dramatically in all locations. The South, North and Mid-West regions remained with higher rates than Brazil throughout the studied period. Hospitalization of children under 1 year old represents the largest number of admissions, with pneumonia being Revista Ciência Plural. 2024; 10(1): e31414 3the most prevalent cause.Conclusions: Hospitalization rates during childhood due to respiratory diseases represent a major public health concern. Thus, one can highlight the importance of the effectiveness of Primary Health Care, which has a major impact on the outcome of illnesses in children, especially respiratory diseases (AU).

Introducción: Las enfermedades del sistema respiratorio son una de lascausas más preocupantes de hospitalizaciones en el país. Desde esta perspectiva, el perfil de hospitalizaciones por enfermedades respiratorias en niños permite observar los parámetros de este problema, proporcionando una amplia comprensión del proceso de salud y enfermedad en esta población.Objetivo: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico de las internaciones por causas respiratorias en niños de 0 a 9 años en Brasil y sus regiones entre 2013 y 2022. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio ecológico conducido en Brasil a partir de datos secundarios del Sistema de Información Hospitalaria. La población elegida para este estudio fueron los niños de 0 a 9 años. Los datos se recogieron el 26 de noviembre de 2022. Las variables dependientes del estudio son las hospitalizaciones de niños de 0 a 9 años por enfermedades respiratorias en Brasil y sus regiones. Las variables independientes son el tiempo, de enero de 2013 a septiembre de 2022, las regiones y la franja etaria.Resultados: Se nota una tendencia a la baja de las hospitalizaciones por causas respiratorias hasta 2016, seguida de un aumento gradual hasta 2019. Sin embargo, en 2020, la tasa de hospitalización cayó drásticamente en todas las localidades. Las regiones Sur, Norte y Medio Oeste se mantuvieron con tasas másaltas que Brasil durante todo el período estudiado. Las hospitalizaciones en niños menores de 1 año representan el mayor número de internaciones, siendo la neumonía la causa más prevalente.Conclusiones: Las tasas de hospitalización infantil por enfermedades respiratorias representan un importante problema de salud pública. Así, se subraya la importancia de la eficacia de la Atención Primaria de Salud, que tiene un gran impacto en el resultado de las enfermedades en los niños, especialmente las respiratorias (AU).

Situación del ejercicio profesional del licenciado en instrumentación y área quirúrgica en Paraguay

Introducción: en Paraguay en 1996 se crea la Escuela de Instrumentación y Área Quirúrgica, vinculada a una universidad pública, a partir del 2008 se crean otras ofertas en el sector privado. El instrumentador quirúrgico puede desempeñarse como instrumentador, circulante, coordinador general de quirófanos y coordinador de la central de esterilización. Objetivo: conocer la situación del ejercicio profesional del licenciado instrumentador quirúrgico en Paraguay. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo y trasversal. La muestra es de 167 licenciados, egresados de instituciones pública y privadas. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, el instrumento de recolección de datos es un cuestionario electrónico. Resultados: el 74 % son mujeres, el 50 % presenta un rango de edad de 21 a 30 años, 79,6 % egresados de una institución pública, 40 % dice tener dificultad moderada para el primer empleo. El acceso al empleo, 71 % fue por contactos personales, el 72 % se dedica a instrumentar, el 60 % tiene una antigüedad laboral de 1 a 5 años. Entre los posgrados, el 30 % posee didáctica universitaria. Discusión: instrumentador quirúrgico, reúne las exigencias para ocupar otras funciones además de instrumentar y circular en el quirófano. Igualmente, en otros estudios se evidencia menor participación en el área administrativa, docencia, mercadeo y ventas. Han trascurrido 20 años del egreso de las primeras promociones, siendo una profesión novel, poco visualizado. Es de subrayar que el estado puede ahorrar recursos económicos al contratar a instrumentadores, puesto que son expertos en los cuidados asépticos y competentes en optimizar los tiempos quirúrgicos al que se expone el paciente.

Introduction: In Paraguay the school of Instrumentation and Surgical Area was created in 1996 linked to the National University, and in 2008 onwards other offers were created in the private sector. The Surgical Instrument Technician can work as instrumentalist, circulating nurse, general coordinator of operating rooms, and coordinator of the central sterilization unit. Objective: to know the work environment of the professional and licensed Surgical Instrument Technician in Paraguay. Methodology: descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study. The sample is 167 graduates, graduates of public and private institutions. Non-probability sampling for convenience, the data collection instrument is an electronic questionnaire. Results: 74% are women, 50% have an age range between 21 and 30 years old, 79.6% graduated from a public institution, 40% say they have moderate difficulty finding their first job in the field. Access to employment, 71% was through personal contacts, 72% is dedicated to work as Instrument Technicians, 60% have a job seniority of 1 to 5 years. Among the postgraduates, 30% are university didactics certified. Discussion: Surgical Instrument Technicians meet the requirements to perform other functions in addition to instrumentation and circulating nurses in the operating room. Similarly, other studies show less participation in the administrative area, teaching, marketing and sales. 20 years have elapsed since the first Technicians graduated, being a new profession, not given the importance it deserves. It is noteworthy that the state can save economic resources by hiring Surgical Instrument Technicians, since they are experts in aseptic care and competent in minimizing the amount of time the patient spends in surgery.

Marcos de Competência para a formação de enfermeiros no Brasil: revisão de escopo / Competency milestones for the training of nurses in Brazil: a scoping review / Hitos de competencia para la formación de enfermeros en Brasil: una revisión del alcance

O ensino superior em Enfermagem está em constante transformação, ensejando o uso de metodologias ativas que colaborem para o desenvolvimento de competências. Objetivou-se apresentar o panorama dos marcos de competência para formação de enfermeiros no Brasil. Trata-se de uma Revisão de Escopo, realizada nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed, Portal da Capes e Biblioteca Eletrônica Científica Online (SciELO), no período de 2012 a 2022. Foram utilizados os descritores "Educação Baseada em Competências", "Perfil de Competências de Enfermeiros"; "Educação do Enfermeiro" e "Competência" nos idiomas inglês e espanhol, com o booleano "AND". Os 11 estudos selecionados evidenciaram a mudança de paradigma de formação baseada em competências, a partir das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, clareamento do conceito de competência e marco de competências. Na realidade brasileira o tema é incipiente, com iniciativas baseadas em perfis de competências de gestão, liderança, promoção e educação em saúde.

Higher education in Nursing is constantly changing, stimulating the use of active methodologies that contribute to the development of competencies. The objective was to present an overview of the competency milestones for nurse training in Brazil. This is a Scoping Review, carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed, Capes, Portal and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases, from 2012 to 2022. The descriptors "Based Education Skills", "Profile of Nurses' Skills"; "Nurse Education" and "Competency" were used in English and Spanish, with the Boolean "AND". The 11 selected studies showed a change in the paradigm of competency-based training, using the National Curriculum Guidelines, clarifying the concept of competency and the competency milestones. In the Brazilian reality, the theme is incipient, with initiatives inscribed in records of management skills, leadership, promotion and health education.

La educación superior en Enfermería está en constante cambio, promovendo el uso de metodologías activas que contribuyan al desarrollo de competencias. El objetivo fue presentar un panorama de los hitos competenciales para la formación de enfermeros en Brasil. Se trata de una Revisión de Alcance, realizada en las bases de datos Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS), PubMed, Portal Capes y Biblioteca Electrónica Científica en Línea (SciELO), de 2012 a 2022. Se utilizaron los descriptores "Educación Basada en Habilidades", "Perfil de Competencias del Enfermero"; "Educación de enfermería" y "Competencia" en inglés y español, con el booleano "AND". Los 11 estudios seleccionados evidenciaron un cambio en el paradigma de la formación por competencias, tomando como base los Lineamientos Curriculares Nacionales, aclarando el concepto de competencia y el marco de competencias. En la realidad brasileña, el tema es incipiente, con iniciativas inscritas en registros de habilidades de gestión, liderazgo, promoción y educación en salud.

Ensino, pesquisa e extensão em ginástica na região sul do Brasil: desenvolvimento e potencial crescimento / Teaching, research and extension in gymnastics at southern region of Brazil: development and potential growth / Enseñanza, investigación y extensión in gimnasia em la región sur de Brasil: desenvolvimiento y potencial crecimiento

Essa pesquisa estudou o perfil e a atuação acadêmica de 31 docentes que atuam com o ensino da Ginástica em 20 Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas da região Sul do Brasil, por meio de pesquisa documental. Foi constatada atuação majoritária de não-especialistas, que tematizam principalmente as ginásticas competitivas em suas disciplinas. As ações extensionistas e as publicações e orientações de pesquisas específicas sobre a Ginástica são incipientes e concentradas nos docentes especialistas. Destaca-se uma IES, com resultado do esforço pessoal de uma docente. O estudo sugere uma contraditória fragilidade dessa área na região que deu origem ao desenvolvimento desses saberes e práticas no Brasil, em comparação com outras regiões do Brasil (AU).

This research studied the profile and academic performance of 31 professors who work with Gymnastics teaching in 20 public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the South region of Brazil through documentary research. Most non-specialists were found to be working, who mainly focused on competitive gymnastics in their disciplines. Extensionist actions and publications and specific research guidelines on Gymnastics are incipient and concentrated on specialist teachers. One HEI stands out because of the personal effort of a professor. The study suggests a contradictory fragility of this area in the region that gave rise to the development of this knowledge and practices in Brazil compared to other areas of Brazil (AU).

Esta investigación estudió el perfil y el desempeño académico de 31 profesores que actúan en la enseñanza de la Gimnasia en 20 Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) públicas de la región Sur de Brasil a través de una investigación documental. Se encontró que la mayoría de los profesores son no especialistas y enfocaban principalmente en la gimnasia competitiva en sus disciplinas. Las acciones y publicaciones extensionistas y lineamientos de investigación específicos sobre Gimnasia soni ncipientes y concentrados en docentes especialistas. Una IES destaca como resultado del esfuerzo personal de una docente. El estudio sugiere una fragilidad contradictoria de esta área en la región que dio lugar al desarrollo de estas prácticas en Brasil (AU).

Dislipemia y circunferencia de cuello en pacientes de un hospital privado peruano / Dyslipidemia and neck circumference in patients from a Peruvian private hospital

Introducción: Las dislipidemias son alteraciones que están asociadas al riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares, infarto agudo de miocardio, evento cerebrovascular (ECV) o la artropatía periférica.Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la circunferencia de cuello y el perfil lipídico de pacientes adultos atendidos en la clínica privada Rebagliatti.Materiales y métodos: Investigación de enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental, transversal de nivel correlacional – causal. La muestra del estudio estuvo conformada por 120 pacientes ambulatorios de 18 a 59 años que asistieron a clínica privada Rebagliatti, durante el periodo octubre a noviembre del 2023. La medición de la circunferencia de cuello se realizó con una cinta métrica de la marca Lufkin y los valores del perfil lipídico se obtuvieron de la revisión de la historia clínica del paciente. Para evaluar la relación de las variables se utilizó la prueba no paramétrica coeficiente de correlación de Spearman.Resultados: el promedio de la circunferencia de cuello fue 36,21 ± 2,34 cm, del colesterol total fue 237,55 ± 67,47 mg/dL, del colesterol LDL fue 126,55 ± 34,97 mg/dL, del colesterol HDL fue 37,10 ± 4,35 mg/dL y de los triglicéridos fue 219,72 ± 88,65 mg/dL. Al analizar la relación entre la circunferencia de cuello y el nivel de perfil lipídico se encontró (p<0,05).Conclusiones: La circunferencia de cuello tiene relación directa con el nivel de colesterol total, triglicéridos y colesterol LDL; no obstante, se encontró una relación inversa con el nivel de colesterol HDL en pacientes.(AU)

Introduction: Dyslipidemias are alterations that are asso-ciated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, acute myocar-dial infarction, and cerebral vascular disease (CVD).Objective: To analyze the relationship between dyslipide-mia and neck circumference in patients treated in a privatehospital in Peru.Materials and methods: Quantitative research with anon-experimental, cross-sectional design at a correlational –causal level, carried out on 120 patients aged 18-59 who at-tended the Los Andes private clinic in November 2023; loca-ted in the city of Huancayo – Peru. The measurement of neckcircumference was performed with a Lufkin brand measuringtape and the lipid profile through low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TotalChol) and triglycerides (TG), was obtained from the patient’smedical history. A descriptive analysis was performed (mean,standard deviation, minimum, maximum); To evaluate the re-lationship of the variables, the non-parametric Spearman co-rrelation coefficient test was used.Results: the average neck circumference was 36.21 ± 2.34 cm, total cholesterol was 237.55 ± 67.47 mg/dL,LDL cholesterol was 126.55 ± 34.97 mg/dL, HDL choleste-rol was 37.10 ± 4.35 mg/dL and triglycerides was 219.72 ± 88.65 mg/dL. When analyzing the relationship betweenneck circumference with total cholesterol, triglycerides andLDL, a direct and significant relationship was obtained(p<0.05). However, when evaluating the relationship withHDL cholesterol, an inverse and significant relationship wasobtained (p<0.05).Conclusions: Patients with a larger neck circumferencehave a higher risk of dyslipidemia. Likewise, a direct and sig-nificant relationship was found with the level of total choles-terol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol; however, inverse rela-tionship with the level of HDL cholesterol. Therefore, neckcircumference measurement represents a useful and practicalmethod in predicting dyslipidemia.(AU)

Fatty acid composition and metabolic pathways in Arbacia dufresnii (Arbaciidae: Arbacioida) gametes: implications of shrimp byproducts in aquaculture feeds / Composición de ácidos grasos y vías metabólicas en los gametos de Arbacia dufresnii (Arbaciidae: Arbacioida) implicaciones de los subproductos de langostinos en los alimentos de acuicultura

Abstract Introduction: Care towards nutrition is essential for the quality of a sustainable aquaculture product. Since the balance in food affects the growth and production of gametes. The circular economy is made possible through the use of discarded materials. Objective: The aim of this research was to study the fatty acid composition and metabolic pathways in the gametes of Arbacia dufresnii, with a focus on the implications of incorporating shrimp byproducts into aquaculture feeds. Methods: Four different treatments were designed to maintain optimal nutritional quality, particularly in lipids and proteins, based on previous studies. The fatty acid profiles of the feeds and gametes were analyzed by using gas-chromatography, and statistical analyses were conducted to determine significant differences. Results: Significant differences were observed in the abundance (%) of omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) fatty acids. The (ω-3) metabolic pathway was more pronounced in the gametes of wild animals and those fed with the experimental feeds. In contrast, the (ω-6) metabolic pathway was less relevant in these groups. The (ω-3) /(ω-6) ratio was highest in the gametes of wild animals. Feeds enriched in fatty acids enhanced their bioaccumulation in the gametes reaching higher concentrations than wild animals. The availability of fatty acids in foods allowed their bioaccumulation in gametes, with concentrations equal to or higher than those observed in animals in their natural environment for certain fatty acids. Conclusions: Incorporating shrimp byproducts in aquaculture feeds demonstrated a promising strategy for resource utilization and organic input generation. The fatty acid composition in the gametes of A. dufresnii was influenced by the diet, highlighting the potential of balanced feeds to enhance the bioaccumulation of essential fatty acids. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable aquaculture practices and the production of nutritionally enriched seafood products.

Resumen Introducción: El cuidado hacia la nutrición es fundamental para la calidad de un producto acuícola sostenible. Ya que el balance en los alimentos afecta el crecimiento y producción de los gametos. A partir del aprovechamiento de materias de descarte se posibilita la economía circular. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la composición de ácidos grasos y las vías metabólicas en los gametos de Arbacia dufresnii, centrándose en las implicaciones de la incorporación de subproductos de camarones en los alimentos de acuicultura. Métodos: Se diseñaron cuatro tratamientos diferentes para mantener una calidad nutricional óptima, especialmente en lípidos y proteínas, basándose en estudios previos. Se analizaron los perfiles de ácidos grasos de los alimentos y los gametos mediante cromatografía de gases, y se realizaron análisis estadísticos para determinar diferencias significativas. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias significativas en la abundancia (%) de ácidos grasos omega-3 (ω-3) y omega-6 (ω-6). La vía metabólica de (ω-3) fue más pronunciada en los gametos de los animales en su entorno natural y aquellos alimentados con los piensos experimentales. Por el contrario, la vía metabólica de (ω-6) tuvo menos relevancia en estos grupos. La relación (ω-3) /(ω-6) fue más alta en los gametos de los animales en su entorno natural. La disponibilidad de ácidos grasos en los alimentos permitió su bioacumulación en los gametos, con concentraciones iguales o superiores a las observadas en los animales en su entorno natural para ciertos ácidos grasos. Conclusiones: La incorporación de subproductos de camarones en los alimentos de acuicultura demostró ser una estrategia prometedora para la utilización de recursos y la generación de insumos orgánicos. La composición de ácidos grasos en los gametos de A. dufresnii fue influenciada por la dieta, destacando el potencial de los alimentos balanceados para mejorar la bioacumulación de ácidos grasos esenciales. Estos hallazgos brindan información valiosa para el desarrollo de prácticas sostenibles en acuicultura y la producción de productos marinos enriquecidos nutricionalmente.

XEN® 45 en el manejo quirúrgico del glaucoma en fases tempranas: estudio nacional de consenso según metodología Delphi / XEN-45 in the management of Early Glaucoma Surgery: A National Delphi Consensus Study

Antecedentes y objetivo: Las recomendaciones sobre el manejo general del glaucoma y el uso de cirugías mínimamente-invasivas y microincisionales en fases tempranas son limitadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer un consenso sobre el manejo del glaucoma, centrándose en el implante XEN 45 (AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, EE. UU.). Métodos: Se utilizó un método Delphi. El comité científico dirigió el estudio, identificó el panel de expertos y participó en la elaboración del cuestionario. Se invitó a 51 expertos a completar, en una escala Likert de 9 puntos, un cuestionario de 89 ítems que cubría 3 bloques temáticos. Se realizaron 2 rondas Delphi. Se logró consenso si≥66,6% de los expertos llegaron a un acuerdo o desacuerdo. Resultados: Los panelistas acordaron 84 ítems relacionados con la calidad de vida, el algoritmo terapéutico y el perfil del paciente, y el manejo quirúrgico pre y postoperatorio. Los panelistas consideraron el implante XEN idóneo para tratar el glaucoma en diferentes etapas y para diferentes perfiles de pacientes: pacientes jóvenes/ancianos/con comorbilidades-significativas, glaucoma-miópico, pacientes con fracaso quirúrgico previo y con postoperatorio complejo. El implante XEN se consideró un paso terapéutico previo a la cirugía filtrante clásica y una posible primera opción quirúrgica en pacientes ancianos con comorbilidades y presión intraocular descontrolada. El implante XEN permite al paciente retomar sus actividades diarias más rápidamente que las cirugías filtrantes convencionales y reducir y/o eliminar los tratamientos tópicos. Conclusiones: Este consenso según la metodología Delphi proporcionó una serie de recomendaciones generales para el tratamiento del glaucoma, incluidas aquellas relacionadas con la calidad de vida del paciente, el algoritmo terapéutico y el perfil del paciente, y específicas con respecto al uso del implante XEN.(AU)

Background and objective: Recommendations on general glaucoma management and the use of early minimally invasive and microincisional surgeries are limited. This study aimed to establish consensus regarding glaucoma management, focusing on the XEN-45 gel stent implant. Methods: A Delphi consensus-driven process was used. The scientific committee led the study, identified the expert panel, and participated in elaborating the questionnaire. Fifty-one panelists were invited to complete, on a nine-point Likert scale, an 89-item questionnaire covering three topic blocks. Two Delphi rounds were performed. Consensus was achieved if ≥66.6% of panelists reached agreement or disagreement. Results: Panelists agreed on 84 items related to the patients’ quality of life, the therapeutic algorithm and patient profile, and surgical and pre- and post-operative management. Panelists agreed on the suitability of XEN stent implants to treat glaucoma at different stages and for different patient profiles: young patients, elderly or with significant comorbidities, and with myopic glaucoma, patients who failed previous surgeries, and with previous poor post-operative experience. XEN surgery was considered a therapeutic step prior to classic filtering surgery and a possible first surgical option in elderly patients with comorbidities and uncontrolled intraocular pressure. XEN surgery allows the patient to return to routine daily activities faster than conventional filtering surgeries and to reduce and/or eliminate topical treatments. Conclusions: This Delphi-driven consensus resulted in a series of general recommendations for glaucoma management, including those related to patient quality of life, therapeutic algorithm, and patient profile, and specific ones regarding the use of XEN stent gel surgery.(AU)

Biological Identification of Skulls in Indonesian and Thai Populations: Ancestry Estimation, Sex Determination, Stature Estimation, and Age Estimation / Identificación Biológica de Cráneos en Poblaciones de Indonesia y Tailandia: Estimación de Ascendencia, Determinación del Sexo, Estimación de Estatura y Estimación de Edad

SUMMARY: This review article will present an overview of biological profiles in forensic utilities. The biological profile of the skull in the existing literature can help to identify humans, especially if the condition of the victim found is a result of mutilation or a bomb explosion. When it comes to the precision of identifying skeletal remains, the human skull is frequently cited as being first in the estimation of age and ancestry and second in terms of sex and stature. It can be an alternative to assessing the following biological parameters: sex, age, stature, and ancestry. The implementation of biological profiles in the identification process is very important considering that some cases require the assistance of forensic anthropology. This review article shows the importance of the value of skulls. The method that can be applied is craniometry which can be used to determine sex, age, stature, and estimated ancestry. Different results will occur depending on the completeness of the skull. Therefore, estimation formulas have different accurate results. Discriminant function analysis has been performed on various measurement sets and its discriminant power has been validated by many researchers. Geometric morphometric analysis has become the main tool for shape analysis and many attempts have been made to use it in analyzing skulls. Several methods supported by technology have also been developed. It is hoped that the review article will show significant differences in results between studies in Thailand and Indonesia, even though they are in the same racial group.

Este artículo presenta una descripción general de los perfiles biológicos en las utilidades forenses. El perfil biológico del cráneo en la literatura existente puede ayudar a identificar a los humanos, especialmente si la condición en la que se encuentra la víctima es el resultado de una mutilación o la explosión de una bomba. Cuando se trata de la precisión en la identificación de restos óseos, el cráneo humano se cita con frecuencia como el primero en la estimación de edad y ascendencia y el segundo en términos de sexo y estatura. Puede ser una alternativa para evaluar los siguientes parámetros biológicos: sexo, edad, estatura y ascendencia. La implementación de perfiles biológicos en el proceso de identificación es importante considerando que algunos casos requieren la asistencia de la antropología forense. Este artículo de revisión muestra la importancia del valor de las cnezas óseas. El método que se puede aplicar es la craneometría para determinar el sexo, la edad, la estatura y la ascendencia estimada. Se pueden obtener diferentes resultados dependiendo de la integridad del cráneo. Por lo tanto, las fórmulas de estimación tienen resultados precisos diferentes. Se ha realizado un análisis de función discriminante en varios conjuntos de medidas y muchos investigadores han validado su poder discriminante. El análisis a través de la morfometría geométrica se ha convertido en la principal herramienta para el análisis de formas y se ha utilizado frecuentemente en el análisis de cráneos. También se han desarrollado varios métodos apoyados en la tecnología. Se espera que este trabajo muestre diferencias significativas en los resultados entre los estudios realizados en Tailandia e Indonesia, aunque pertenezcan al mismo grupo racial.

Profiles of posttraumatic stress disorder and negative world assumptions in treatment-seeking refugees.

Background: Refugees often suffer from trauma-related psychopathology, specifically posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Negative world assumptions are strongly correlated with the development, course, and severity of PTSD.Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether there are distinct profiles of PTSD and negative world assumptions (NWA) and examine whether trauma load, torture, and gender differentially predict such symptom profiles.Method: In a sample of 225 treatment-seeking refugees who had resettled in the Netherlands, latent profile analysis was used to identify subgroups of patients sharing the same profile of PTSD and NWA symptoms. Predictors of profile membership were analyzed via multinomial logistic regression.Results: A three-profile solution yielded the best model fit: a low PTSD/low NWA profile (23.6%), a high PTSD/high NWA profile (41.8%), and a high PTSD/low NWA profile (34.7%). Participants who reported a higher trauma load, were more likely to be part of the high PTSD/high NWA profile or the high PTSD/low NWA profile in comparison to low PTSD/low NWA profile. Participants who reported having experienced torture were more likely to be part of the high PTSD/high NWA profile in comparison to low PTSD/low NWA profile. Gender did not differentiate between the profiles.Conclusions: This study reveals that among treatment-seeking refugees resettled in the Netherlands, there are distinct profiles of PTSD and NWA. These profiles indicate that PTSD and NWA are not uniformly experienced among refugees, emphasizing the diversity in their psychological responses to trauma. Among individuals experiencing severe PTSD symptoms, a subgroup was identified of individuals who additionally exhibited negative assumptions about themselves, others, and the world. Recognizing this heterogeneity is crucial in both research and clinical practice, particularly in the context of refugee mental health. Directions for future research are discussed.

Three profiles of PTSD and negative world assumptions were identified in a group of treatment-seeking refugees.Directions for future research and the importance of recognizing heterogeneity in psychological responses to traumatic experiences in refugees are discussed.

Perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de mujeres con cáncer de mama en hospital de tercer nivel / Sociodemographic and clinical profile of women with breast cancer at a tertiary hospital

Objetivo: describir el perfil clínico y sociodemográfico de mujeres con cáncer de mama (CM) en un hospital de tercer nivel del Bajío, México. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal con recogida de datos retrospectivos. Se revisaron 262 expedientes clínicos de mujeres con CM, seleccionados mediante muestreo probabilístico. Variables de estudio: edad, lugar de residencia, nivel de estudios, antecedentes familiares y personales de cáncer, comorbilidades, tabaquismo, alcoholismo, tiempo transcurrido desde el diagnóstico, variables clínicas y de tratamiento del CM. Resultados: la media de edad fue de 58,07 años. El 45,8% no tenía antecedentes de cáncer, pero en quienes sí lo tenían, madre y hermana eran los más frecuentes (10,7% y 10,3% respectivamente). El 42,4% de las pacientes presentaba obesidad y el 23,3% tenía más de dos enfermedades crónico-degenerativas. El 87% de las mujeres no presentó metástasis. Un 19,8% se detectó en la etapa IIA. El grado G0 de invasión a ganglios linfáticos fue el más frecuente (35%). La combinación de dos o más tratamientos fue la forma de abordaje terapéutico más común (95,8%). La mayoría de los pacientes fueron dadas de alta por presentar mejoría (71%). Conclusiones: conocer las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de las pacientes con CM puede ayudar a establecer estrategias específicas para la prevención y el manejo en este grupo de pacientes, brindando una atención holística.(AU)

Objective: to describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile of women with breast cancer (BC) in a tertiary hospital from the Bajío area, Mexico. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. There was a review of 262 clinical records of women with BC, selected through probability sample. The study variables were age, place of residence, level of studies, family and personal history of cancer, comorbidities, smoking, use of alcohol, time since diagnosis, clinical and BC treatment variables. Results: the mean age was 58.07 years; 45.8% had no history of cancer, but in those who had it, the most frequent were mother and sister (10.7% and 10.3% respectively). 42.4% of the patients presented obesity, and 23.3% had over two chronic degenerative conditions. 87% of women did not present metastasis; 19.8% were detected in the IIA stage; G0 was the most frequent level of invasion of lymph nodes (35%). The most common treatment approach was the combination of two or more treatments (95.8%). The majority of patients were discharged due to improvement (71%). Conclusions: knowing the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of BC patients can help to establish specific strategies for prevention and management in this group, thus offering holistic care.(AU)

XEN-45 in the management of early glaucoma surgery: A national Delphi consensus study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Recommendations on general glaucoma management and the use of early minimally invasive and microincisional surgeries are limited. This study aimed to establish consensus regarding glaucoma management, focusing on the XEN-45 gel stent implant. METHODS: A Delphi consensus-driven process was used. The scientific committee led the study, identified the expert panel, and participated in elaborating the questionnaire. Fifty-one panelists were invited to complete, on a nine-point Likert scale, an 89-item questionnaire covering three topic blocks. Two Delphi rounds were performed. Consensus was achieved if ≥66.6% of panelists reached agreement or disagreement. RESULTS: Panelists agreed on 84 items related to the patients' quality of life, the therapeutic algorithm and patient profile, and surgical and pre- and post-operative management. Panelists agreed on the suitability of XEN stent implants to treat glaucoma at different stages and for different patient profiles: young patients, elderly or with significant comorbidities, and with myopic glaucoma, patients who failed previous surgeries, and with previous poor post-operative experience. XEN surgery was considered a therapeutic step prior to classic filtering surgery and a possible first surgical option in elderly patients with comorbidities and uncontrolled intraocular pressure. XEN surgery allows the patient to return to routine daily activities faster than conventional filtering surgeries and to reduce and/or eliminate topical treatments. CONCLUSIONS: This Delphi-driven consensus resulted in a series of general recommendations for glaucoma management, including those related to patient quality of life, therapeutic algorithm, and patient profile, and specific ones regarding the use of XEN stent gel surgery.

Characteristics and clinical outcomes of adolescents infected by SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review / Características e desfechos clínicos de adolescentes infectados por SARS-CoV-2: uma revisão sistemática

ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the COVID-19 clinical characteristics, associated comorbidities, and outcomes in adolescents. Data source: This is a systematic review study based on articles published between 2020 and 2022 in the United States National Library of Medicine - PubMed (MedLine), Virtual Health Library - VHL (LILACS), Science Direct, Web of Science, and Scopus (Elsevier) databases. The study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, under No. CRD42022309108. Data synthesis: A total of 1188 studies were identified. After applying the selection criteria, 13 articles were included. Prevalence was 25%; mild cases were predominant; and fever, cough, headache, anosmia, nasal congestion, and ageusia were frequent. Fever and cough were proportionally higher in hospitalized cases: 81 and 68%, respectively. Dyspnea (odds ratio [OR] 6.3; confidence interval 95%[CI] 2.8-14.3), fever (OR 3.8; 95%CI 2.0-7.4), and cough (OR 3.4; 95%CI 2.0-6.0) were associated with severe cases. Up to 28% required intensive care and 38% required mechanical ventilation. Pre-existing comorbidities increased the risk of hospitalization and death. Severe cases were associated with the risk of death (relative risk [RR] 4.6; 95%CI 2.8-7.5). The black, mixed, and indigenous races/skin colors represented risk groups, as well as residents of poorer regions. Conclusions: The review provided a better understanding of the disease profile and may favor the development of public policies, in addition to contributing to the current literature in the field of adolescent health.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar as características clínicas, as comorbidades associadas e os desfechos da COVID-19 em adolescentes. Fontes de dados: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática elaborada com base em artigos publicados entre 2020 e 2022 nas bases de dados United States National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Science Direct, Web of Science e Scopus. O estudo foi registrado no International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, n° CRD42022309108. Síntese dos dados: Foram identificados 1.188 estudos. Após a aplicação dos critérios de seleção, 13 artigos foram incluídos. A prevalência foi de 25%; os casos leves foram predominantes; e febre, tosse, cefaleia, anosmia, congestão nasal e ageusia foram frequentes. Febre e tosse foram proporcionalmente maiores em casos hospitalizados, com 81 e 68%, respectivamente. Dispneia (OR 6,3; IC95% 2,8-14,3), febre (OR 3,8; IC95% 2,0-7,4) e tosse (OR 3,4; IC95% 2,0-6,0) foram associados a casos graves. Até 28% necessitaram de cuidados intensivos e 38% de ventilação mecânica. A preexistência de comorbidade aumentou o risco de internação e óbito. Os casos graves estão associados ao risco de óbito (risco relativo — RR 4,6; IC95% 2,8-7,5). As raças/cores preta, parda e indígena e os moradores de regiões mais pobres foram grupo de risco. Conclusões: A revisão permitiu conhecer o perfil da doença e poderá favorecer a elaboração de políticas públicas, além de contribuir para a literatura atual no campo da saúde do adolescente.

Análise das ocorrências realizadas pelo Serviço de Atendimento Médico de Urgência - SAMU/DF / Analysis of occurrences carried out by the Emergency Medical Care Service - SAMU/DF / Análisis de ocurrencias realizado por el Servicio de Atención Médica de Urgencia - SAMU/DF

Objetivo: Descrever os atendimentos prestados pelo Serviço de Atendimento Médico de Urgência do Distrito Federal. Materiais e Método: Foi realizado um estudo de natureza quan-titativa de caráter comparativo e retrospectivo em 03 anos distintos: 2009, 2012 e 2014, as amostras foram coletadas através de informações colhidas do Banco de Dados da Central de Regulação Médica do SAMU-DF. Resultados: Verificou-se que os tipos de atendimentos mais frequentes nos 3 anos estudados foram as causas clínicas, a faixa etária com maior número de atendimentos foi a de 20 a 29 anos. Conclusão: O estudo demostra a importância do monit-oramento e caracterização dos atendimentos para fornecer conhecimento das necessidades de saúde da população do Distrito Federal e assim realizar um melhor planejamento e elaboração de políticas públicas

Objective: To describe the care provided by the Emergency Medical Care Service of the Fed-eral District. Materials and Method: A comparative and retrospective quantitative study was carried out in 03 different years: 2009, 2012 and 2014, samples were collected through infor-mation collected from the Database of the Medical Regulation Center of SAMU-DF. Results: It was found that the most frequent type of consultations in the 3 years studied were clinical causes, the age group with the highest number of consultations was between 20 and 29 years old. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the importance of monitoring and characterizing care to provide knowledge of the health needs of the population of the Federal District and thus carry out better planning and elaboration of public policies

Objetivo: Describir la atención que brinda el Servicio de Atención Médica de Emergencia del Distrito Federal. Materiales y Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo comparativo y retro-spectivo en 03 años diferentes: 2009, 2012 y 2014, las muestras fueron recolectadas a través de información recopilada de la Base de Datos del Centro de Regulación Médica del SAMU-DF. Resultados: Se encontró que el tipo de consulta más frecuente en los 3 años estudiados fueron las causas clínicas, el grupo de edad con mayor número de consultas fue entre 20 y 29 años. Con-clusión: El estudio demuestra la importancia del seguimiento y caracterización de la atención para brindar conocimiento de las necesidades de salud de la población del Distrito Federal y así realizar una mejor planeación y elaboración de políticas públicas

Recognize the epidemiological and geospatial profile of the Mobile Emergency Care Service: a strategy to optimize response time

Epidemiological, cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective study of a quantitative nature, to trace the epidemiological and geospatial profile of the occurrences assisted by the Mobile Emergency Care Service. For that purpose, secondary data from the documents of the Mobile Emergency Care Service of a city in the interior of Rio Grande do Norte were used, considering the frequency of the variables: sex, age group, nature of occurrences, days of the week, ambulance sent, removal inter-hospital care and patient destination. Of the 363 occurrences, most were due to clinical causes, followed by traumatic, psychiatric, and gynecological/obstetric causes, with an emphasis on cardiovascular diseases and transport accidents. aged 19 to 59 years and over 60 years, with the Basic Support Unit providing the majority of care. Among the calls for clinical causes, women stood out, while for traumatic and psychiatric causes, men. The information contributes to the organization and planning of the service and the understanding of the morbidity profile. The geographic distribution highlights the need for integration between health agencies, for the institution of preventive actions, and the redirection of human and financial resources.

Estudio epidemiológico, transversal, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de carácter cuantitativo que tiene como objetivo trazar el perfil epidemiológico y geoespacial de los incidentes atendidos por el Servicio Móvil de Atención de Urgencias. Para ello se utilizan datos secundarios de dos documentos del Servicio Móvil de Atención de Emergencias de un municipio del interior de Rio Grande do Norte; considera la frecuencia de las variables: sexo, edad, naturaleza de los eventos, días de la semana, ambulancia enviada, retiro interhospitalario y destino del paciente. De los 363 sucesos, la mayoría se debió a causas clínicas, seguidas de causas traumáticas, psiquiátricas y ginecológicas/obstétricas, incluidas las enfermedades cardiovasculares y los accidentes de transporte. La frecuencia de ocurrencia fue ligeramente mayor en individuos masculinos con predominio de mujeres y edades entre los 19 y 59 años y mayores de 60 años; la Unidad Básica de Apoyo fue la responsable de la mayoría de los servicios. Entre los lesionados por causas clínicas destacan las mujeres, mientras que los hombres tienen causas traumáticas y psiquiátricas. Esta información contribuye a la organización y planificación de los servicios y a la comprensión del perfil de morbilidad. La distribución geográfica resalta la necesidad de integración entre las organizaciones de salud para implementar acciones preventivas y redireccionar recursos humanos y financieros.

Phytochemical profile and biological activities of Bromelia antiacantha extracts / Perfil fitoquímico e atividades biológicas de extratos de Bromelia antiacantha

Reports from popular medicine usually act as a basis for the development of new drugs from natural compounds with therapeutic actions for serious diseases and prevalence such as cancer. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. is a species of the Bromeliaceae family, considered an unconventional food plant, found in the south and midwest regions of Brazil. Despite the high nutritional content and pharmacological potential of its fruits, few scientific studies report its biological actions. Thus, this study evaluates the phytochemical profile of aqueous and ethanol extracts obtained from B. antiacantha fruits, as well as their possible antioxidant, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. The aqueous extract exhibited phenolic compounds and flavonoids, while ethanol extracts indicated the presence of flavonoids and coumarin in their composition, regardless of the region of collection. The ethanolic extract demonstrated a more promising antioxidant effect than the aqueous extract and also induced a significant inhibition in the viability of human cervical cancer cells of the SiHa strain. In addition, treatment with both extracts did not alter the viability of non-tumor cells of the immortalized human keratinocyte lineage (HaCaT). These results bring new data about extracts obtained from a native plant, edible and traditionally used in popular medicine, opening new perspectives for its possible therapeutic application.

Relatos da medicina popular costumam atuar como referencial para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos a partir de moléculas naturais com ações terapêuticas para doenças de alta gravidade e prevalência como o câncer. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. é uma espécie da família Bromeliaceae, considerada uma planta alimentícia não convencional (PANC), encontrada nas regiões sul e centro-oeste do Brasil. Apesar do alto teor nutritivo e potencial farmacológico de seus frutos, poucos estudos científicos relatam suas ações biológicas. Desta forma, este estudo avalia o perfil fitoquímico de extratos aquoso e etanólico obtidos de frutos de B. antiacantha, bem como a sua possível ação antioxidante, antitumoral e citotóxica. O extrato aquoso apresentou compostos fenólicos e flavonoides, enquanto os extratos etanólicos apontam a presença de flavonóides e cumarina em sua composição, independente da região de coleta. O extrato etanólico demonstrou efeito antioxidante mais promissor do que o extrato aquoso e também induziu uma inibição significativa na viabilidade de células humanas de câncer cervical da linhagem SiHa. Além disso, o tratamento com ambos extratos não alterou a viabilidade de células não tumorais da linhagem de queratinócitos humanos imortalizados (HaCaT). Estes dados trazem novas informações sobre extratos obtidos de uma espécie vegetal nativa, comestível e já utilizada tradicionalmente, mas abrindo novas perspectivas quanto a possíveis aplicações terapêuticas.

Efectividad del procedimiento para la formación del proyecto de vida profesional en estudiantes de Medicina

Fundamento: el proyecto de vida profesional constituye una formación psicológica compleja que debe ser desarrollada y evaluada durante las acciones que se realizan en los procesos sustantivos universitarios: formación, investigación y extensión universitaria. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad del procedimiento para la formación del proyecto de vida profesional en estudiantes de Medicina. Métodos: se realizó una investigación cualitativa de tipo prexperimental en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Holguín, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Mariana Grajales Coello", desde enero 2021 hasta diciembre 2022. Se utilizaron como métodos teóricos el análisis-síntesis, la inducción-deducción y la modelación. Los métodos empíricos aplicados fueron la observación y el instrumento Exploración del proyecto de vida profesional; así como el prexperimento para evaluar su efectividad. Resultados: se aportó un procedimiento para la formación del proyecto de vida profesional en estudiantes de la carrera Medicina a implementarse durante los procesos sustantivos universitarios. El prexperimento mostró su efectividad para alcanzar el objetivo. Conclusiones: el procedimiento presentado incrementa la calidad de la formación inicial de estudiantes de la carrera Medicina. A través de su evaluación se constató que perfecciona el proceso pedagógico y favorece el proyecto de vida profesional.

Background: the professional life project constitutes a complex psychological training that must be developed and evaluated during the actions carried out through core university processes: training, research and university extension. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the procedure for the formation of the professional life project in medical students. Methods: a pre-experimental quantitative research was carried out at "Mariana Grajales Coello" University of Medical Sciences from Holguín, Faculty of Medical Sciences, from January 2021 to December 2022. Analysis-synthesis, induction-deduction were used as theoretical methods. The empirical methods applied were observation, the Exploration of the professional life project instrument; as well as the pre-test, post test and modeling to evaluate its effectiveness. Results: a procedure was provided for the formation of the professional life project in Medicine students to be implemented trough core university processes. The pre-test and post test showed its effectiveness in achieving the objective. Conclusions: the procedure presented increases the quality of the initial training of medical students. Through its evaluation, it was found that it improves the pedagogical process and favors the professional life project.

Relação entre a Ficha de Observação do Desenvolvimento Mental da Criança de Helena Antipoff e a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) / Relationship between Helena Antipoff's Mental Development of a Child Observation Form and The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)

RESUMO: No início do século XX, intensificaram-se as pesquisas relacionadas ao desenvolvimento infantil. Helena Antipoff (1892-1974) foi uma pesquisadora e professora que dedicou seus estudos a esse tema, principalmente no que se refere ao desenvolvimento das crianças nomeadas na época como "anormais". Um dos instrumentos elaborados por ela foi a Ficha de Observação do Desenvolvimento Mental da Criança, em 1939. A Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), proposta pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), sugere uma avaliação da condição do sujeito baseada nos aspectos biológicos, psíquicos e sociais, em contraposição a uma avaliação baseada somente no critério da doença ou da incapacidade. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste estudo foi resgatar a Ficha de Observação proposta por Helena Antipoff e compará-la à CIF, utilizando os guias recomendados por Alarcos Cieza e colaboradores. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos itens da ficha puderam ser codificados e relacionados à CIF, pois os itens da ficha de Antipoff buscam também avaliar, de forma associada, funções do corpo, atividade e participação, podendo ser utilizados como instrumento de avaliação prévia da criança, devendo, ainda, serem atualizados com uma nomenclatura mais atual, baseada na nomenclatura empregada na CIF.

ABSTRACT: At the beginning of the 20th century, research related to child development were intensified. Helena Antipoff (1892-1974) was one of the researchers and professors who dedicated her studies to this topic, especially with regard to the development of children known at the time as "abnormal". One of the instruments that she developed was the Mental Development of a Child Observation Form, in 1939. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO), proposes an assessment of the subject's condition based on in biological, psychological and social aspects, as opposed to an evaluation based only on the criterion of illness or disability. Thus, the objective of this study was to retrieve the Observation Form proposed by Helena Antipoff and compare it to the ICF, using the guides proposed by Alarcos Cieza e collaborators. The results show that most of the items on the form could be coded and related to the ICF, as the items on Antipoff's form also seek to evaluate, in an associated way, body functions, activity and participation, which can be used as a tool for prior assessment of the child and should also be updated with a most current nomenclature based on the nomenclature used in the ICF.

The bioprotective role of irradiated hibiscus against harmful effects of using repeatedly frying edible oil

Abstract Repeatedly frying process of dietary edible oil has a potential role in the generation of free radicals. Therefore, questions have always been raised as to whether, there is an efficient and economical method to reduce the harmful effects of repeated use of frying edible oil. Since hibiscus has been stated to have a wide variety of therapeutic effects, it was important to investigate its properties against harmful effects of free radicals. The current study aspires to find out whether irradiated powder of hibiscus has a protective role against adverse effects of repeated use of frying edible oil. Thirty-five adult male albino rats were equally assigned into five groups. First groupG1 was fed with normal diet as control group, meanwhile, groupG2 the diet mixed with fresh oil, G3 diet mixed with repeatedly frying oil only, G4 diet mixed with frying oil treated with hibiscus and G5 diet mixed with frying oil treated with irradiated hibiscus. Feeding duration was six weeks. Fatty acid analyses of oil as well as peroxide values were determined. Blood and liver samples were collected for biochemical analyses as well as histological study. Repeatedly heated cooked oil has significant increases in peroxide value, acid value, free fatty acid and both conjugated diene and triene compared with repeatedly frying oil treated with hibiscus. Also there are significant increases in cholesterol and triglyceride and impaired in liver functions in G3compared with others. In addition, relative to the hibiscus groups, there is a substantial reduction in oxygen consumption in G3. Both hibiscus as well as irradiated hibiscus attract attention in order to play a vital and economical role against harmful effects of frequent use of frying edible oil on some biological functions but, irradiated hibiscus was more effective.

Resumo O processo de fritura repetida de óleo comestível da dieta tem papel potencial na geração de radicais livres que podem ter efeitos prejudiciais em algumas funções biológicas. Portanto, sempre se questionou se existe uma maneira eficiente e econômica de prevenir ou pelo menos reduzir os efeitos nocivos do uso repetido de óleo comestível para fritar. Como o hibisco tem ampla variedade de efeitos terapêuticos, foi importante investigar suas propriedades como agente antioxidante contra os efeitos nocivos dos radicais livres. O presente estudo pretende descobrir se o pó irradiado de hibisco tem papel protetor contra os efeitos adversos do uso repetido de óleo comestível para fritar. Trinta e cinco ratos albinos machos adultos foram divididos igualmente em cinco grupos. O primeiro grupo G1 foi alimentado com dieta normal como grupo controle, enquanto o grupo G2 dieta misturada com óleo fresco, dieta G3 misturada com óleo de fritura repetida, dieta G4 misturada com óleo de fritura tratada com hibisco e dieta G5 misturada com óleo de fritura tratada com hibisco irradiado. A duração da alimentação foi de seis semanas. Foram determinadas as análises de ácidos graxos de óleo, bem como os valores de peróxidos. Amostras de sangue e fígado foram coletadas para análises bioquímicas e estudo histológico. O óleo cozido repetidamente aquecido tem aumentos significativos no valor de peróxido, valor de ácido, ácido graxo livre e dieno e trieno conjugados em comparação com óleo de fritura repetidamente tratado com hibisco. Também há aumentos significativos no colesterol e triglicérides e comprometimento das funções hepáticas no G3 em comparação com outros. Além disso, em relação aos grupos de hibiscos, há uma redução substancial no consumo de oxigênio no G3. Tanto o hibisco como o hibisco irradiado chamam atenção por desempenhar papel vital e econômico contra os efeitos nocivos do uso frequente de óleo comestível para fritar em algumas funções biológicas, mas o hibisco irradiado foi mais eficaz.