Organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout in the administrative staff at the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University / Clima organizacional, satisfacción laboral y burnout en el personal administrativo en la universidad nacional daniel alcides carrión

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ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the correlation between the organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout in the administrative staff of the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University. Methodology: The research was designed as a quantitative study applied with a correlational approach. A cross-sectional non-experimental design was used, since the measurements of the variables were made at a single time. The study population corresponded to a total of430 employees of the Daniel Alcides Carrión National University, which is why a simple random sampling was applied, with a confidence level of 95 % and a margin of error of 5 %, which allowed to determine a sample of 157 employees. For data collection, the survey technique was applied, therefore, three questionnaires were designed as instruments, one for each variable, with a Likert-type response scale. In the case of the Organizational Climate variable, this was based on three dimensions, namely: a) Recognition, b) Teamwork and c) Innovation, which helped to configure a total of 15 items to be evaluated. For the Job Satisfaction variable, it was based on three dimensions, which were: a) Job satisfaction, b) Satisfaction with remuneration and c) Satisfaction with the physical environment, constituting in turn 15 items to be evaluated, while for the Burnout variable, three dimensions were considered: a) Personal exhaustion, b) Depersonalization and c) Demotivation, for a total of 15 items to be evaluated. The questionnaires were subjected to a validity process according to the opinion of experts, who considered that they were suitable in their construction for application, in addition a pilot test was applied with a sample of 85participants, who were not part of the one included in the study, which allowed to determine that these instruments had an internal consistency of Cronbachs Alpha of0.97, 0.95 and 0.89 for the organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout variables respectively. The data were systematized in an Excel spreadsheet to perform the descriptive statistical analysis, using measures of central tendency to check the frequency and behavior of the variables. Then, the SPSS version 22 program was used to perform inferential statistical calculations. the distribution of the normality of the data was statistically verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, since the number of the sample was greater than fifty. For the determination of the correlation between the variables, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used, because the sample presented a non-normal distribution. The significance of the correlation was established by a level of p<0.05 for hypothesis testing. Results: The results showed that between the Organizational climate variable and the Recognition dimension there is an average level of satisfaction (61.14 %), 35.67 % showed a high level of satisfaction and 3.19 % a very high level of satisfaction. Between the Organizational climate and the Teamwork dimension, a result of 2.23 was obtained, which indicates a perception that there is good teamwork. Regarding the Organizational climate and Innovation, it was found that 52.23 % of employees almost alwaysfeel stimulated to innovate, 33.12 % always feel motivated to innovate and 14.6 5 % sometimes feel that motivation. With respect to the variable Job Satisfaction and the dimension satisfaction with work, it was obtained that 60.5 % feel indifferent with respect to job satisfaction and 39.5 % are satisfied. For the Satisfaction with Remuneration dimension, 36.4 % of employees feel indifferent about their remuneration, 39.8 % feel satisfied and 13.1 % feel very satisfied with their remuneration. Regarding the dimension Satisfaction with the physical environment, 38.8 % declared themselves indifferent with respect to this dimension, 23.2 %o feel satisfied and 0.8 % of the samplefeel very satisfied with the physical environment. With respect to the Burnout variable and the Personal exhaustion dimension, 47.13 % of the employees presented a high level of personal burnout, 33.12 % revealed to have an average level of burnout and 19.75% showed a very high level of burnout. As for the aspect of Depersonalization, the results showed that the majority represented by 85.35% has a very high level of depersonalization, only 0.64 % presented a high level of depersonalization and 14.01 % presented an average level of depersonalization. As for the Demotivation dimension, it was obtained that 30.57 % of employees showed an average level of demotivation, while 69.43 % of workers showed a high level. Finally, the results revealed a positive and significant correlation (Spearman's Rho = 0.299) between organizational climate and job satisfaction. Likewise, a weak negative correlation (-0.153) was observed between organizational climate and burnout. In relation to the organizational climate and burnout variables, a weak negative correlation was observed with a coefficient of-0.153. While for the variables job satisfaction and burnout, a correlation coefficient of-0.024 was observed very close to zero. Conclusion: There is a positive and significant correlation between organizational climate and job satisfaction, and a negative and significant correlation between organizational climate and burnout, suggesting that a better organizational climate is associated with higher satisfaction and lower burnout in workers. This relationship highlights the importance of promoting a positive and conducive work environment to improve the job satisfaction of administrative staff. The need to focus on recognition as an essential component to promote greater job satisfaction is highlighted, it is also observed that teamwork and innovation are key aspects that contribute to the favorable organizational climate at the university. These conclusions emphasize the importance of implementing policies and practices that promote recognition, teamwork and the promotion of innovation as strategies to improve job satisfaction and prevent burnout in administrative staff. It is also highlighted that at higher levels of organizational climate, lower levels of administrative staff are observed, which is why it is important to create a healthy work environment and support the emotional well-being of employees to prevent job burnout. Ultimately, the relationship between organizational climate, job satisfaction and burnout are a multidimensional dynamic that requires a holistic approach. By continuing to research and apply effective approaches to improving the work climate, organizations can cultivate an environment where employees feel valued, motivated, and able to contribute meaningfully. Doingso will not only benefit the workers and the organization, but also set a higher standardfor well-being in the overall work environment.

Factores de riesgo de trombosis venosa profunda en el personal administrativo de una universidad ecuatoriana / Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in the administrative staff of an ecuadorian university / Fatores de risco para trombose venosa profunda no pessoal administrativo de uma universidade equatoriana

Objetivo: describir los factores de riesgo de trombosis venosa profunda en el personal administrativo de una universidad ecuatoriana. Método: investigación cuantitativa, transversal y descriptiva, con una muestra censal de 71 trabajadores del área administrativa, en Ambato, Ecuador. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el test que evalúa el manejo de la insuficiencia venosa crónica entre los niveles de atención a la salud. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva y el método multivariante de análisis de componentes principales para definir nuevos factores asociados. Resultados: los factores a la TVP son la bipedestación, consumo de tabaco y alcohol, sedestación, coagulación sanguínea, várices congénitas, enfermedades catastróficas, edema, algia, cirugía, anticonceptivos y uso de corticoesteroides. Conclusión: el riesgo de estos pacientes para desarrollar TVP está relacionado con el lugar de trabajo, la movilidad, signos y síntomas que la enfermedad puede causar. En el caso del personal administrativo los factores más asociados a la TVP se relacionan con la posición por largas jornadas de trabajo, no obstante factores de coagulación, patologías previas, signos notorios de la patología, consumo de alcohol y tabaco y el uso de corticoesteroides también aportan en un menor porcentaje al desarrollo.

Objective: to describe the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in the administrative staff of an ecuadorian university. Method: quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive research, with a census sample of 71 workers in the administrative area, in Ambato, Ecuador. For data collection, the test that evaluates the management of chronic venous insufficiency between levels of health care was used. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and the multivariate method of principal component analysis to define new associated factors. Results: risk factors for DVT are standing, smoking and drinking alcohol, sitting, blood clotting, congenital varicose veins, catastrophic disease, edema, pain, surgery, contraceptives, and use of corticosteroids. Conclusion: the risk of these patients to develop DVT is related to the workplace, mobility, signs and symptoms that the disease can cause. In the case of administrative staff, the factors most associated with DVT are related to the position due to long working hours, however coagulation factors, previous pathologies, notorious signs of the pathology, alcohol and tobacco consumption, and the use of corticosteroids also contribute to development in a lower percentage.

Conocimientos sobre la perspectiva Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad del personal administrativo docente para la gestión de procesos universitarios

Introducción: El personal administrativo con una visión de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad puede influir en las funciones universitarias con un enfoque social de la formación, investigación y extensión. Objetivo: Diagnosticar el nivel de conocimientos sobre la perspectiva Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad del personal administrativo docente de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo durante el año 2022 en dicha universidad donde la población estuvo conformada por 52 administrativos en funciones docentes (N=52). Se seleccionó una muestra de 34 por muestreo simple aleatorio (n=34). Se aplicó un cuestionario validado como método empírico para la recolección de la información. Se establecieron escalas de medición para variables cuantitativas. Resultados: El diagnóstico reveló un bajo nivel de conocimientos sobre las definiciones de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (85 %, 69 % y 44 %, respectivamente). La mayoría del personal administrativo docente no reconoció los modelos que designan las relaciones Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad y consideró que no se posiciona la universidad médica como actor relevante para el desarrollo local (53 %). El 41 % refirió que casi siempre aparece la perspectiva Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad en los documentos normativos de los ministerios de Educación Superior y Salud Pública. Conclusiones: Se aportan evidencias sobre insuficiencias en los conocimientos por el personal administrativo docente sobre Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad y su uso en la gestión de los procesos universitarios. Se recomienda diseñar acciones de superación sobre la temática.

Introduction: Administrative personnel with a vision on Science, Technology and Society can influence universities functions through a social approach, the training, research and, extension process. Objective: To diagnose the level of knowledge on the Science, Technology and Society perspective of the administrative teaching personnel of the Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Avila, Cuba. Method: A descriptive observational study was carried out in 2022 at the aforementioned university, where the population study consisted of 52 administrative personnel in teaching functions (N=52). A sample of 34 was selected by simple random sampling (n=34). A validated questionnaire was applied as an empirical method for data collection. Measurement scales were established for quantitative variables. Results: The diagnosis revealed a low level of knowledge on Science, Technology and Innovation definitions (85%, 69% and 44%, respectively). Most of the teaching and administrative personnel (53%) did not recognize the models that revealed the relationships between Science, Technology and Society and have in consideration that the University of Medicine is not positioned as a relevant actor in the local development. Forty-one percent reported that the Science, Technology and Society perspective almost always appears in the normative documents of the Ministerios de Educación Superior y de Salud Pública. Conclusions: There is evidence of insufficient knowledge on Science, Technology and Society and its use in the process management at universities. It is recommended to design related improvement actions on the subject.

Introdução: O pessoal administrativo com visão de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade pode influenciar as funções universitárias com enfoque social na formação, pesquisa e extensão. Objetivo: Diagnosticar o nível de conhecimento sobre a perspectiva de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade do pessoal docente administrativo da Universidade de Ciências Médicas de Ciego de Ávila, Cuba. Método: Estudo observacional descritivo realizado durante o ano de 2022 na referida universidade onde a população foi constituída por 52 funcionários administrativos em funções docentes (N=52). Uma amostra de 34 foi selecionada por amostragem aleatória simples (n=34). Um questionário validado foi aplicado como método empírico para a coleta de informações. Escalas de medida foram estabelecidas para variáveis quantitativas. Resultados: O diagnóstico revelou baixo nível de conhecimento sobre as definições de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (85%, 69% e 44%, respectivamente). A maioria dos docentes administrativos não reconheceu os modelos que designam as relações Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade e considerou que a universidade médica não se posiciona como ator relevante para o desenvolvimento local (53%). 41% relataram que a perspectiva de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade quase sempre aparece nos documentos normativos dos Ministérios da Educação Superior e da Saúde Pública. Conclusões: Evidenciam-se as insuficiências de conhecimento do pessoal administrativo docente sobre Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade e a sua utilização na gestão dos processos universitários. Recomenda-se projetar ações de melhoria sobre o assunto.

Avaliação do conhecimento sobre a asma em servidores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade pública / Evaluación del conocimiento sobre el asma en servidores técnico-administrativos de una universidad pública / Evaluation of knowledge about asthma in technical-administrative public workers of a public university

Objetivo: estimar o nível de conhecimento sobre asma de servidores técnico-administrativos do curso de graduação e pós-graduação em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública em Salvador, Bahia. Método: estudo transversal, realizado com 18 servidores técnico-administrativos de uma universidade pública. A coleta de dados foi realizada mediante envio de e-mail com links do formulário no Google Forms, entre janeiro e maio de 2021. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva com uso do software SPSS, 28.0. Resultados: encontrou-se predominância do sexo feminino 77,8% (n=14), média de idade 42,11±10,98 anos. Verificou-se que 55,6% (n=10) da amostra apresentou conhecimento insatisfatório sobre asma na análise por domínio e pela média de acertos (X±DP=22,6±7,5 acertos). O tratamento da asma foi a temática mais desconhecida pela amostra (X±DP=2,77±1,73 acertos). Conclusão: o nível de conhecimento sobre asma dos servidores técnico-administrativos foi insatisfatório na maioria da amostra investigada.

Objetivo: estimar el nivel de conocimiento sobre asma de servidores técnico-administrativos del curso de graduación y posgrado en Enfermería de una universidad pública en Salvador, Bahía. Método: estudio transversal, realizado con 18 servidores técnico-administrativos de una universidad pública. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante el envío de correos electrónicos con links del formulario en Google Forms, entre enero y mayo de 2021. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de la estadística descriptiva con uso del software SPSS, 28.0. Resultados: se encontró predominancia del sexo femenino 77,8% (n=14), media de edad 42,11±10,98 años. Se verificó que 55,6% (n=10) de la muestra presentó conocimiento insatisfactorio sobre asma en el análisis por dominio y por la media de aciertos (X±DE=22,6±7,5 aciertos). El tratamiento del asma fue la temática más desconocida por la muestra (X±DE=2,77±1,73 aciertos). Consideraciones finales: el nivel de conocimiento sobre asma de los servidores técnico-administrativos fue insatisfactorio en la mayoría de la muestra investigada.

Objective: to estimate the level of knowledge about asthma of technical-administrative public workers of graduate and postgraduate nursing courses of a public university in Salvador, Bahia. Method: cross-sectional study, conducted with 18 technical-administrative public workers of a public university. Data collection was performed by sending an email with links to the form in Google Forms, between January and May 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics using SPSS software, 28.0. Results: predominance of women, 77.8% (n=14), mean age 42.11±10.98 years. 55.6% (n=10) of the sample presented unsatisfactory knowledge about asthma in the analysis by domain and by the average of correct answers (X±SD=22.6±7.5 correct answers). Asthma treatment was the most unknown theme in the sample (X±SD=2.77±1.73 correct answers). Final considerations: the level of knowledge about asthma of technical-administrative workers was unsatisfactory in the majority of the sample investigated.

Comparación del índice de masa corporal por género en personal administrativo de una universidad ecuatoriana

Introducción: En el análisis del entorno laboral existen evidencias que relacionan la obesidad con la disminución en la productividad y el ausentismo laboral, siendo un tema de interés dentro de la salud ocupacional. Objetivo: Comparar el índice de masa corporal (IMC) por género en el personal administrativo de la matriz de la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), en la ciudad de Ambato, Ecuador, en el periodo noviembre-diciembre de 2018. Método: Estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo, enmarcado en un diseño epidemiológico, correspondiente al nivel relacional, en 130 sujetos de dicha institución. Se empleó como procedimiento estadístico paramétrico la t de Student para muestras independientes. Se utilizó un impedanciómetro de alta precisión, marca Inbody 770. Se usó la prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov con la corrección de significación de Lilliefors para analizar la normalidad de los datos y la prueba de Levene para la homocedasticidad. Resultados: Predominó el género masculino en edad, peso, y talla, con superioridad del género femenino en los valores correspondientes al IMC y el porcentaje de masa grasa, según la bioimpedancia. La prueba de normalidad de Kolmogorov-Smirnov del IMC arrojó una significación asintónica (bilateral) de 0,170 y 0,200 para varones y hembras, respectivamente, con una p≤0,05. Conclusiones: Luego de comparase el IMC por género en el personal administrativo de UNIANDES, se evidencia que no existen diferencias entre géneros en la población analizada.

Introduction: In the current analysis of the workplace environment, there are evidences linked with obesity and its influence on productivity and absenteeism decrease, representing a topic of interest on occupational health. Objective: Comparison of body mass index (BMI) by gender in administrative personnel at the matrix institution, Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), in the city of Ambato, Ecuador, in the period November-December 2018. Method: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out in 130 subjects of this institution. It was framed in an epidemiological design, related to the relational level. As a parametric statistical procedure an independent samples t-test (or Student´s t-test) was used. An impedance meter of high-precision, model Inbody 770, was used. It was applied the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test including the Lilliefors significance correction for analyzing the data normality and also it was used the Levene test for homoscedasticity. Results: Male gender predominated in age, weight, and height, whereas, female gender was superiority in values related to BMI and percentage of fat mass, according to the bioimpedance analysis. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test of BMI yielded an asymptotic significance (bilateral) of 0.170 and 0.200 for males and females, respectively, with a p≤0.05. Conclusions: After compared the BMI by gender of administrative personnel at the UNIANDES, it was evident that there are no genders differences in the population analyzed.

Introdução: Na análise do ambiente de trabalho, há evidências que relacionam a obesidade com diminuição da produtividade e absenteísmo, sendo um tema de interesse dentro da saúde ocupacional. Objetivo: Comparar o índice de massa corporal (IMC) por sexo no pessoal administrativo da sede da Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes (UNIANDES), na cidade de Ambato, Equador, no período de novembro a dezembro de 2018. Método: Estudo observacional, descritivo, transversal e prospectivo, enquadrado num desenho epidemiológico, correspondente ao nível relacional, em 130 sujeitos da referida instituição. O teste t de Student para amostras independentes foi utilizado como procedimento estatístico paramétrico. Foi utilizado impedância de alta precisão Inbody 770. O teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov com correção de significância de Lilliefors foi utilizado para analisar a normalidade dos dados e o teste de Levene para homocedasticidade. Resultados: O gênero masculino predominou em idade, peso e altura, com superioridade do gênero feminino nos valores correspondentes ao IMC e percentual de massa gorda, segundo a bioimpedância. O teste de normalidade do IMC de Kolmogorov-Smirnov apresentou significância assintomática (bilateral) de 0,170 e 0,200 para homens e mulheres, respectivamente, com p≤0,05. Conclusões: Ao comparar o IMC por gênero nos servidores administrativos da UNIANDES, fica evidente que não há diferenças entre os gêneros na população analisada.

Relación del estrés laboral con la satisfacción del personal administrativo del Hospital General Riobamba / Relationship between job stress and job satisfaction of the administrative staff of the General Hospital Riobamba

RESUMEN Introducción: el estrés laboral es considerado la enfermedad del siglo XXI. Incide en la satisfacción laboral, que es importante en el desempeño del trabajador. La COVID-19 afecta el ámbito laboral de los trabajadores de la salud -incluido el personal administrativo-, por lo que resulta meritorio estudiar esta población. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre el estrés y la satisfacción laboral del personal administrativo del Hospital General Riobamba, de Ecuador, durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal, correlacional y descriptivo en el personal administrativo que trabajó durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios: el "Cuestionario sobre estrés laboral de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo y la Organización Mundial de la Salud", y el "Cuestionario de satisfacción laboral S20/23". Resultados: el 76 % de la población estudiada presentó un bajo nivel de estrés, pero se encontró una relación representativa entre los diferentes estresores y la variable nominal del área de trabajo. No hubo relación en el análisis de configuración entre el estrés y la satisfacción laboral; lo que se encontró fueron inferencias entre los diferentes factores de ambos cuestionarios. No existió una relación estadísticamente significativa entre el estrés y la satisfacción laboral. Conclusiones: se evidenció que estresores como el clima organizacional, el territorio organizacional y la influencia del líder, aumentaron la probabilidad de afectar la satisfacción particular y los beneficios recibidos en el personal administrativo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: jobal stress is considered the disease of the 21st century. It strikes on the job satisfaction that is important in the performance of the worker. COVID-19 affects the working environment of the health care workers-including the administrative staff-therefore it is worthy to study this population. Objective: to determine the relationship between stress and jobnal satisfaction of the administrative staff of the General Hospital Riobamba, of Ecuador, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional, correlational and descriptive study of the administrative staff that worked during the COVID-19 pandemic was carried out. Two questionnaires were applied: ILO-WHO Job stress questionnaire and the Job satisfaction questionnaire S20/23. Results: 76 % of the studied population presented a low stress level, but a representative relationship was found between the different stressors and the nominal variable of the work area. There was no relationship in the configuration analysis between stress and job satisfaction; what was found were inferences between the different factors of both questionnaires. There was no statistically significant relationship between stress and job satisfaction. Conclusion: it was found that stressors such as organizational climate, organizational territory and leader's influence increased the probability of affecting individual satisfaction and benefits received in the administrative staff.

Carga laboral en personal de salud asistencial y administrativo en una institución de II nivel en Colombia / Workload of Health Care and Administrative Personnel in a Level II Institution in Colombia / Carga laboral em pessoal de saúde assistencial e administrativo em uma instituição de II nível na Colômbia

Introducción: la carga laboral es un elemento de interés a ser evaluado en el área de la salud, debido a que puede influir en la calidad de atención en salud. Objetivo: determinar la carga laboral del personal de salud asistencial y administrativo en una institución de salud de II nivel en Colombia, 2019. Método: estudio observacional de corte transversal. Se estudió a 108 trabajadores, de los cuales 76 fueron asistenciales y 32 administrativos; se diseñó y validó un instrumento mediante ronda de expertos en investigación en salud. La carga laboral se evalúo mediante un instrumento validado y adaptado al español denominado NASA-TLX. Resultados: en personal asistencial predominó el sexo femenino 58,7 % y administrativo el masculino 68,8 %, el rango de edad que prevaleció fue de 28 a 34 años con 49,6 %. El 42 % del personal asistencial tenía estudios técnicos, en el personal administrativo el 43,8 % tenía título universitario. En cuanto a jornada laboral asistencial se evidenció dedicación de 48 horas en un 52 % y 83,3 % en administrativos. Tipo de vinculación: temporal asistencial 72 % y el 59,4 % de los administrativos de planta. Evaluación de la carga laboral: en la dimensión de exigencia mental, los dos grupos presentaron promedios mayores de 10 puntos. Se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la mediana de exigencia física para los dos grupos de estudio (p= 0,00). Conclusión: los trabajadores del área asistencial y administrativa presentan carga laboral en las dimensiones de exigencia mental y exigencia física, de ahí la necesidad de mejorar la planificación de los recursos humanos dentro de las organizaciones de salud.

Introduction: workload is an element of interest to be evaluated in the health area, because it can influence the quality of health care. Objective: to determine the workload of health care and administrative personnel in a second level health care institution in Colombia, 2019. Method: cross-sectional observational study. A total of 108 workers were studied, of which 76 were assistential and 32 administrative; an instrument was designed and validated by means of a round of experts in health research. Workload was assessed by means of a validated instrument adapted to Spanish called NASA-TLX. Results: 58.7% of the assistants were female and 68.8% were male; the predominant age range was 28 to 34 years with 49.6%. 42% of the assistants were female. Forty-two percent of the health care personnel had technical studies, while 43.8% of the administrative personnel had a university degree. In terms of working hours, 52% of the assistants worked 48 hours a day and 83.3% of the administrative staff worked 83.3% of the time. Type of contract: 72 % of temporary assistance and 59.4 % of administrative staff. Evaluation of workload: in the dimension of mental demands, both groups presented averages higher than 10 points. A statistically significant difference was found in the median physical demand for the two study groups (p= 0.00). Conclusion: workers in the health care and administrative areas present workload in the dimensions of mental and physical demands, hence the need to improve human resources planning within health care organizations.

Introdução: a carga laboral é um elemento de interesse a ser avaliado na área da saúde, pois pode influenciar na qualidade da atenção em saúde. Objetivo: determinar a carga laboral do pessoal de saúde assistencial e administrativo em uma instituição de saúde de II nível na Colômbia, 2019. Método: estudo observacional de corte transversal. Foram estudados 108 trabalhadores, dos quais 76 foram assistenciais e 32 administrativos; um instrumento foi desenhado e avaliado mediante rodada de especialistas em pesquisa em saúde. A carga laboral foi avaliada mediante instrumento validado e adaptado para o espanhol denominado NASA-TLX. Resultados: na equipe assistencial predominou o sexo feminino 58,7 % e na administrativa o masculino 68,8 %, a faixa etária prevalecente foi de 28 a 34 anos com 49,6 %. O 42 % do pessoal assistencial tinha estudos técnicos, no pessoal administrativo o 43,8 % tinha título universitário. Em quanto à jornada laboral assistencial mostrou-se dedicação de 48 horas em um 52 % e 83,3 % em administrativos. Tipo de vinculo: temporal assistencial 72 % e o 59,4 % dos administrativos plantonistas. Avaliação da carga de trabalho: na dimensão de exigência mental, os dois grupos presentaram médios maiores de 10 pontos. Encontrou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa na mediana de exigência física para os dois grupos de estudo (p= 0,00). Conclusão: os trabalhadores da área assistencial e administrativa apresentam carga de trabalho nas dimensões de exigência mental e exigência física, daí a necessidade de melhorar o planejamento dos recursos humanos dentro das organizações de saúde.

Relationship between lifestyle and positive psychological functioning in university administrative staff / Relación entre el estilo de vida y el funcionamiento psicológico positivo en personal administrativo universitario

Abstract In Mexico, healthy lifestyle has a low prevalence. The importance of a healthy lifestyle lies in avoiding the emergence of a chronic non-communicable disease. Thus, university administrative personnel are a vulnerable population due to working conditions that prevent them from having a healthy lifestyle, so it is necessary to analyze psychological variables that can explain how to promote and develop a healthy lifestyle. The purposes of this study were to identify relationships among lifestyle (LS) and positive psychological functioning (PPF) and their differences by gender in the administrative staff; a cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted. University administrative staff (n = 102), were recruited using the snowball sampling method, forming a non-probabilistic sample, completed the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire and the Positive Psychological Functioning Scale. LS has a statistically significant correlation with PPF (r = .355, p = .001); in addition, it is worth pointing out that showing a low level of PPF implies a lower probability of having a healthy LS (Ψ = 28.333, 4.965 - 161.675). Results suggest the relevance of interventions to develop psychological resources in people seeking the adoption of a healthy LS.

Resumen En México, el estilo de vida saludable tiene una baja prevalencia. La importancia de un estilo de vida saludable radica en evitar la aparición de una enfermedad crónica no transmisible. Así, el personal administrativo universitario es una población vulnerable debido a las condiciones laborales que les impiden tener un estilo de vida saludable, por lo que es necesario analizar las variables psicológicas que pueden explicar cómo promoverlo y desarrollarlo. Los propósitos de este estudio fueron identificar las relaciones entre el estilo de vida (EV) y el funcionamiento psicológico positivo (FPP) y sus diferencias por sexo en personal administrativo universitario para lo cual se realizó un estudio transversal y correlacional. El personal administrativo universitario (n = 102) reclutado mediante el método de muestreo de bola de nieve, completó el Cuestionario de Estilo de Vida Fantástico y la Escala de Funcionamiento Psicológico Positivo. El EV presentó una correlación estadísticamente significativa con el FPP (r = .355, p = .001); además, vale la pena señalar que tener un bajo nivel de FPP implica una menor probabilidad de tener un EV saludable (Ψ = 28.333, 4.965 - 161.675). Los resultados sugieren la relevancia de las intervenciones para desarrollar recursos psicológicos en personas que buscan la adopción de un EV saludable.

Factores asociados con enfermedades no transmisibles en el personal docente y administrativo de una institución universitaria

Objetivo : Determinar la asociación entre los factores de riesgo para enfermedades no trasmisibles comportamentales y metabólicos con algunas variables demográficas y comorbilidades en personal docente y administrativo de una institución universitaria. Material y métodos : Estudio descriptivo, de asociación con diseño transversal. La investigación se realizó en los locales de la Universidad (Campus Universitario y Sede Administrativa-ciudad), según programación, entre los meses de diciembre 2018 a febrero de 2019, con una muestra de 150 participantes elegidos aleatoriamente. Se aplicó test de Chi2, prueba exacta de Fisher y se determinó Odd ratio (OR) e IC al 95%; se consideró significativo p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: El 21,3% de participantes tenía alguna enfermedad, 11,3% fumaba y 25,3% consumía bebida alcohólica; el 66,7% consumía verduras/hortalizas inadecuadamente, 82% realizaba deficiente actividad física y 87,3% tenía dislipidemia; además, el 10,7% presentó hipertensión arterial, 46,7% sobrepeso y 27,3% obesidad. Los factores asociados con hipertensión arterial fueron ser varón (OR=3,59, IC 95%: 1,10-11,70), edad ≥ 40 años (OR=4,21, IC 95%: 1,15-15,44), casado (OR=3,06, IC 95%: 1,01-9,31), enfermedad previa (OR=6,21, IC 95%: 2,09-18,36) y consumir alcohol (OR=4,66, IC 95%:1,60-13,57). Para la obesidad, ser varón (OR=4,54, IC 95%:1,97-10,46), residir fuera de Barranca (OR=3,12, IC 95%: 1,27-7,68) y triglicéridos elevados (OR=10,48, IC 95%: 1,37-80,33). Conclusiones : Los factores asociados con enfermedad no transmisible en los trabajadores de la Universidad fueron la deficiente actividad física, el bajo consumo de frutas y verduras, el consumo de tabaco y alcohol; y están asociados con los metabólicos y comorbilidades como la hipertensión arterial, obesidad, dislipidemia.

SUMMARY Objective : To determine the association between behavioral and metabolic risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) with some demographic variables and comorbidities in teaching and administrative staff of a university institution. Methods : A descriptive study of association with a cross-sectional design was carried out. The research was carried out in the premises of the University (University Campus and Administrative Headquarters-city), according to programming, between the months of December 2018 to February 2019, with a sample of 150 randomly chosen participants. Chi2 test, Fisher's exact test were applied and Odd ratio (OR) with 95% CI was determined, being significant if the CI in the lower limit is greater than 1, in addition if the p value ≤ 0.05. Results: among the risk factors for NCDs, 21.3% of participants had some disease, 11.3% smoked and 25.3% consumed alcoholic beverages; 66.7% consumed vegetables improperly, 82% carried out poor physical activity and 87.3% had dyslipidemia; in addition, 10.7% had high blood pressure, 46.7% were overweight, and 27.3% had obesity. The risk factors for arterial hypertension were being male (OR = 3.59, 95% CI: 1.10-11.70), age ≥ 40 years (OR = 4.21, 95% CI: 1.15- 15.44), married (OR = 3.06, 90% CI: 1.01-9.31), previous illness (OR = 6.21, 95% CI: 2.09-18.36) and consume alcohol (OR = 4.66, 95% CI: 1.60-13.57). For obesity, being male (OR = 4.54, 95% CI: 1.97-10.46), residing outside of Barranca (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.27-7.68) and High triglycerides (OR = 10.48, 95% CI: 1.37-80.33). Conclusions : The risk factors for NCDs in the University workers as well as the behavioral ones were the deficient physical activity, the low consumption of fruits and vegetables, the consumption of tobacco and alcohol; and are associated with metabolic and comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia.

Asociación de la fuerza prensil con el riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores sedentarios / Association of grip strength with cardiovascular risk in sedentary workers

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar la fuerza prensil en trabajadores sedentarios como escrutinio de riesgo cardiovascular. Método Se realizó un estudio transversal con personal administrativo. Se midió la fuerza prensil y se relacionó con las variables antropométricas, el nivel de estilo de vida adoptado por los trabajadores, estimado con la prueba FANTÁSTICO, y el nivel de Actividad física, valorado con el Cuestionario IPAQ. Resultados En 152 participantes, no se encontró asociación de la fuerza prensil con las mediciones de actividad física y estilos de vida. Tampoco con marcadores tempranos de riesgo cardiovascular. La población tenía buenos estilos de vida con alto nivel de sedentarismo. A diferencia de otras investigaciones, nuestra población tenía índices de comorbilidad muy bajos y no eran ancianos. Esto podría explicar los resultados diferentes. Conclusión La fuerza prensil no parece ser útil en las evaluaciones de programas de estilos de vida en trabajadores sedentarios adultos con bajo nivel de comorbilidades.

ABSTRACT Objective To assess prehensile strength in administrative personnel as screening for cardiovascular risk. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out with administrative personnel. Prehensile strength was measured and was related to anthropometric variables, the level of lifestyle adopted by the workers, estimated with the FANTASTIC Test, and the level of physical activity, assessed with the IPAQ Questionnaire. Results In 152 participants, no association of prehensile strength was found with physical activity and lifestyles measurements. Nor with early cardiovascular risk markers. The population had good lifestyles with a high level of sedentary behavior. Unlike other investigations, our population had very low comorbidity rates and were not elderly. This could explain the different results. Conclusion Prehensile force does not seem to be useful in evaluating lifestyle programs in administrative personnel with a low level of comorbidities.

Impacto da cultura organizacional no desequilíbrio entre esforço-recompensa no trabalho em uma universidade pública federal / Impact of organizational culture on effort-reward imbalance at work at a federal public university / Impacto de la cultura organizacional en el desequilibrio entre esfuerzo-recompensa en el trabajo en una universidad pública federal

Este estudo investigou o papel da cultura organizacional (CO) em relação ao desequilíbrio entre esforço-recompensa no trabalho em servidores públicos do ensino superior. Foi realizado estudo quantitativo em uma amostra de 302 técnico-administrativos de uma universidade federal. Foram utilizados o Instrumento Brasileiro para Avaliação da Cultura Organizacional (IBACO) e o Questionário de Desequilíbrio entre Esforço-Recompensa no Trabalho (Effort-Reward Imbalance - ERI). Fatores da CO (profissionalismo cooperativo, satisfação e bem-estar, integração externa, recompensa e treinamento e promoção do relacionamento interpessoal) apresentaram médias significativamente menores no grupo de servidores expostos ao ERI. Na regressão logística, o modelo preditivo da CO, pelo fator satisfação e bem-estar, explicou 42,9% do ERI. Os resultados encontrados fornecem subsídios empíricos da CO na composição dos riscos à exposição ao estresse ocupacional e indicam sua importância nas ações de promoção, prevenção e intervenção.

This study investigated the role of organizational culture (OC) in relation to effort-reward imbalance at work among public servants in higher education. The study used the quantitative method in a sample of 302 technical-administrative workers at a federal university. The following tools were applied: the Brazilian Instrument for Assessment of Organizational Culture (IBACO), and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) at Work Questionnaire. OC factors (cooperative professionalism, satisfaction and well-being, external integration, reward and training, and promotion of interpersonal relationship) presented significantly lower averages in the group of workers classified as exposed to ERI. In logistic regression analysis, the predictive model of OC, for the satisfaction and well-being factor, explained 42.9% of ERI. These findings provide empirical support for OC's importance with respect to the risk of exposure to occupational stress, as suggest its importance for future actions of promotion, prevention, and intervention.

Este estudio investigó el papel de la cultura organizacional (CO) con relación al desequilibrio entre esfuerzo-recompensa en el trabajo en servidores públicos de la enseñanza superior. Se utilizó el método cuantitativo con un muestreo de 302 técnico-administrativos de la universidad federal. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Instrumento Brasileño para Evaluación de la Cultura Organizacional (IBACO) y Cuestionario de Desequilibrio entre Esfuerzo-Recompensa en el trabajo (Effort-Reward Imbalance - ERI). Factores de la CO (profesionalismo cooperativo, satisfacción y bienestar, integración externa, recompensa y entrenamiento y promoción de la relación interpersonal) presentaron, significativamente, menores porcentajes en el grupo de servidores clasificados como expuestos al ERI. En la regresión logística, el modelo predictivo de la CO, por el factor satisfacción y bienestar, explicó 42,9% del ERI. Los resultados proporcionan subsidios empíricos acerca de la CO sobre el riesgo de exposición al estrés ocupacional y indican su importância em acciones de promoción, prevención e intervención.

Factores de Riesgo Psicosociales presentes en Tribunal y Juzgados del Sur de Chile / Psychosocial Risk Factors Presents in Tribunal and Courts of South Chile

El presente estudio de tipo Descriptivo ­ Mixto de Corte Transversal se realizó a la población total de funcionarios de los Juzgados y Tribunal del sur de Chile, teniendo como objetivo evaluar los Factores de Riesgo Psicosociales presentes en los trabajadores de las Instituciones Judiciales ya mencionadas durante el periodo de agosto del año 2017 hasta mayo del año 2018. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recolección de información de esta investigación fueron el cuestionario SUSESO ISTAS-21 versión completa y un Focus Group. Los resultados demuestran que existen instituciones con distintos niveles de riesgos psicosociales, donde finalmente se evidencia una disyuntiva entre los instrumentos aplicados y la percepción de los funcionarios(AU)

The present study is a Descriptive ­ Mixed type of Cross Cutting it was made to the total population of officials of the Courts and Tribunal in south of Chile, having as objective to identify the Psychosocial Risk Factors presents in the workers of the Judicial Institutions already mentioned during the period of August 2017 until May 2018.The instruments used to collect information from this research were the SUSESO ISTAS-21 full version questionnaire and a Focus Group. The results show that there are institutions with different levels of psychosocial risk, where it finally becomes evident a disjunctive between the instruments applied and the perception of the officials(AU)

El trabajador universitario y su salud mental desde el modelo de creencias / University worker and their mental health from the belief model / O trabalhador universitário e sua saúde mental desde o modelo de crenças

Objetivo: Analizar el estado de la salud mental del personal administrativo en el sistema de educación superior en una región de frontera, teniendo en cuenta sus creencias a partir de los procesos de susceptibilidad y motivaciones de un modelo teórico en salud. Materiales y Métodos: El enfoque metodológico utilizado fue descriptivo, exploratorio y trasversal; caracterizando los datos de una muestra conformada por 115 participantes, a quienes se les aplicó el cuestionario de evaluación integral de la salud mental para administrativos de Padilla, Mogollón y Villamizar (2015), elaborado para esta investigación desde las dimensiones del modelo de creencias y conformado por 137 ítems. La confiabilidad por alpha de Cronbrach es de 0.83. El cuestionario estuvo sujeto a juicio de expertos para la adaptación del lenguaje a la realidad colombiana. Resultados: La salud mental de los trabajadores depende de sus estados de ánimo, de los procesos comunicacionales y del manejo de la ansiedad y el estrés, convirtiéndose en barrera al no poder acceder a los servicios de salud mental si la universidad los ofreciera. Conclusiones: Para el personal administrativo su salud mental depende de las condiciones laborales que fomenten el desarrollo individual, la interacción familiar y el manejo adecuado del estrés por cargas laborales; por lo que es necesario generar políticas en comportamiento saludable.

Objective: Analyze the mental health status of the administrative personnel of the higher education system in a border area, considering their beliefs emanating from susceptibility processes and motivations of a theoretical health model. Materials and methods: The methodological focus used was descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional; characterizing data from a sample composed by 115 participants, to whom the questionnaire of comprehensive evaluation for clerks of mental health was applied to in Padilla, Mogollon and Villamizar (2015), elaborated for this research from the dimensions of the beliefs model and composed of 137 items. The reliability by the Alpha Cronbach is of 0.83. The questionnaire was subject to judgement of experts for the adaptation of language to the Colombian context. Results: The mental health of the clerk depends on their mood, communicational processes and the management of anxiety and stress, becoming an impediment not being able to access the mental health services if the university offered them. Conclusions: For the administrative personnel, their mental health depends of the work conditions that encourage individual development, family interaction and adequate management of stress caused by workload; for this, it is necessary to generate policies for a healthy behavior.

Objetivo: Analisar o estado da saúde mental do pessoal administrativo no sistema de educação superior em uma região fronteiriça, tendo em conta suas crenças a partir dos processos de susceptibilidade e motivações de um modelo teórico em saúde. Materiais e Métodos: o enfoque metodológico utilizado foi descritivo, exploratório e transversal; caracterizando os dados de uma amostra conformada por 115 participantes, a quem foi aplicado o questionário de avaliação integral da saúde mental para administrativos de Padilla, Mogollón e Villamizar (2015), elaborado para esta pesquisa desde as dimensões do modelo de crenças e conformado por 137 itens. A confiabilidade por alpha de Cronbrach é de 0,83. O questionário esteve sujeito a juízo de expertos para a adaptação da linguagem à realidade colombiana. Resultados: A saúde mental dos trabalhadores depende de seus estados de ânimo, dos processos comunicacionais e do manejo da ansiedade e o estresse, convertendo-se em barreira ao não poder aceder aos serviços da saúde mental, inclusive se a universidade os oferecesse. Conclusões: para o pessoal administrativo sua saúde mental depende das condições de trabalho que fomentem o desenvolvimento individual, a interação familiar e o manejo adequado do estresse por cargas de trabalho; pelo qual é necessário gerar políticas em comportamentos saudáveis

Efecto de las actividades físicas en la disminución del estrés laboral / Effect of physical activity in reducing work-related stress

Introducción: el estrés laboral, como fenómeno asociado al proceso de industrialización, es causa frecuente de saturación física y metal, provocando una reducción de la efectividad productiva y la calidad del vida de sujeto; en la intervención de este proceso influye, entre otros aspectos, el índice de actividad física y social que posee el individuo y su entorno. Objetivo: disminuir el estrés laboral del personal administrativo de la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador. Métodos: se investigó una muestra de 47 trabajadores administrativos de una población de 255 sujetos, los cuales fueron sometidos a un diagnóstico mediante una encuesta de 10 preguntas diseñadas para determinar la presencia de algunos síntomas relacionados con el estrés antes y después de implementar un programa de actividades físicas durante seis meses. Resultados: las pruebas realizadas antes y después de iniciar el proceso de aplicación de la propuesta se sometieron al análisis estadístico a partir de la Prueba de Friedman, la cual demostró la existencia de diferencias significativas favorables en el postest (p= 0,000) por la incidencia efectiva del programa de actividades físicas en el grupo intervenido, corroborado por la Prueba de los Rangos con Signo de Wilcoxon que demostró diferencias significativas en todas las categorías estudiadas en las variables (Siempre: p= 0,011; Casi Siempre: p= 0,005; Raras Veces: p= 0,005 y Nunca: p= 0,015). Conclusiones: se determina una disminución del estrés en el personal administrativo al comparar los rangos promedios de la prueba inicial y final aplicada(AU)

Introduction: Work stress, as a phenomenon associated with the industrialization process, is a frequent cause of physical and mental saturation, causing a reduction of the subject's productive effectiveness and quality of life. In the intervention of this process, among other aspects, there is an influence of the index of physical and social activity by the individual and its environments. Objective: To reduce the work stress of the directing staff of ESPE University of the Armed Forces in Sangolquí, Ecuador. Methods: A sample of 47 directing workers was investigated, out of a population of 255 subjects. They underwent a diagnosis through a survey of 10 questions designed to determine the presence of some symptoms related to stress, before and after implementing a program of activities for six months. Results: The tests performed before and after starting the program's application were submitted for statistical analysis through the Friedman test, which showed the existence of significant favorable differences in the post-test (p= 0.000) for the incidence of the physical activity program in the intervention group, corroborated by the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test, which showed significant differences in all the categories studied in the variables (always: p= 0.011, almost always: p= 0.005, seldom: p= 0.005, and never: p= 0.015). Conclusions: A decrease in stress in the directing staff is determined when comparing the average ranges of the initial and final tests applied(AU)

Efecto de las actividades físicas en la disminución del estrés laboral / Effect of physical activity in reducing work-related stress

Introducción: el estrés laboral, como fenómeno asociado al proceso de industrialización, es causa frecuente de saturación física y metal, provocando una reducción de la efectividad productiva y la calidad del vida de sujeto; en la intervención de este proceso influye, entre otros aspectos, el índice de actividad física y social que posee el individuo y su entorno. Objetivo: disminuir el estrés laboral del personal administrativo de la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador. Métodos: se investigó una muestra de 47 trabajadores administrativos de una población de 255 sujetos, los cuales fueron sometidos a un diagnóstico mediante una encuesta de 10 preguntas diseñadas para determinar la presencia de algunos síntomas relacionados con el estrés antes y después de implementar un programa de actividades físicas durante seis meses. Resultados: las pruebas realizadas antes y después de iniciar el proceso de aplicación de la propuesta se sometieron al análisis estadístico a partir de la Prueba de Friedman, la cual demostró la existencia de diferencias significativas favorables en el postest (p= 0,000) por la incidencia efectiva del programa de actividades físicas en el grupo intervenido, corroborado por la Prueba de los Rangos con Signo de Wilcoxon que demostró diferencias significativas en todas las categorías estudiadas en las variables (Siempre: p= 0,011; Casi Siempre: p= 0,005; Raras Veces: p= 0,005 y Nunca: p= 0,015). Conclusiones: se determina una disminución del estrés en el personal administrativo al comparar los rangos promedios de la prueba inicial y final aplicada(AU)

Introduction: Work stress, as a phenomenon associated with the industrialization process, is a frequent cause of physical and mental saturation, causing a reduction of the subject's productive effectiveness and quality of life. In the intervention of this process, among other aspects, there is an influence of the index of physical and social activity by the individual and its environments. Objective: To reduce the work stress of the directing staff of ESPE University of the Armed Forces in Sangolquí, Ecuador. Methods: A sample of 47 directing workers was investigated, out of a population of 255 subjects. They underwent a diagnosis through a survey of 10 questions designed to determine the presence of some symptoms related to stress, before and after implementing a program of activities for six months. Results: The tests performed before and after starting the program's application were submitted for statistical analysis through the Friedman test, which showed the existence of significant favorable differences in the post-test (p= 0.000) for the incidence of the physical activity program in the intervention group, corroborated by the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test, which showed significant differences in all the categories studied in the variables (always: p= 0.011, almost always: p= 0.005, seldom: p= 0.005, and never: p= 0.015). Conclusions: A decrease in stress in the directing staff is determined when comparing the average ranges of the initial and final tests applied(AU)

Satisfacción laboral y su relación con el clima organizacional en funcionarios de una universidad estatal chilena / Work satisfaction and its relation with the organizational climate in officials of a Chilean state university

OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación entre satisfacción laboral y clima organizacional de docentes y administrativos de una institución de educación superior de la comuna de Chillán-Chile. MÉTODO: Estudio cuantitativo, correlacional, en 166 trabajadores. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de Satisfacción Laboral S20/23, el Instrumento para Clima Organizacional y un cuestionario para identificar antecedentes sociodemográficos y laborales de los participantes. RESULTADOS: Un 95% de los docentes y un 90,6% de los administrativos refirieron sentirse satisfechos labo ralmente. Un 80% de los docentes y un 72,7% de los administrativos manifestaron percibir un alto nivel de clima organizacional o ambiente de trabajo. Los funcionarios más satisfechos y que perciben un más alto nivel de clima organizacional son aquellos que tienen entre 15 a 29 años de antigüedad en la universidad y los que traba jan menos de 40 horas semanales. Los que tienen contrato de titular se encuentran más satisfechos laboralmente y los a contrata perciben un nivel de clima organizacional más alto. La correlación entre los puntajes globales de clima organizacional y satisfacción laboral fue estadísticamente significativa, tanto en docentes (r = 0,523; p < 0,001) y administrativos (r = 0,468; p < 0,001). CONCLUSIÓN: La percepción de un clima organizacional alto se asocia a un mayor nivel de satisfac ción laboral de docentes y administrativos.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between job satisfaction and the organizational climate of teachers and administrators of an insti tution of higher education in the commune of Chillán-Chile. METHOD: A quantitative, correlational study of 166 workers. The Labor Satisfaction Questionnaire S20 / 23, the Organizational Climate Instrument and a questionnaire were used to identify the sociodemographic and labor background of the participants. RESULTS: 95% of the teachers and 90,6% of the administrators said they felt satisfied with their work. 80% of the teachers and 72,7% of the administrative staff showed a high level of organizational climate or work environment. The most satisfied and highest-perceived employees are those who are between 15 and 29 years of age at university and those who work less than 40 hours a week. Those who have a contract are more satisfied and the contractor perceives a higher level of organizational climate. The correlation between the overall organizational climate and work satisfaction scores was statistically significant in both teachers (r = 0,523, p <0,001) and administrative (r = 0,468, p <0,001). CONCLUSION: The perception of a high organizational climate is associated to a higher level of job sat isfaction of teachers and administrators.

Factores de riesgos psicosociales extralaborales en personal administrativo universitario / Factors of psycho-social extra-work risks in university administrative staff

ResumenIntroducción.La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los factores de riesgo psicosociales extralaborales del personal administrativo de la Corporación Universidad de la Costa - CUC y la determinación de su nivel de estrés.Método. A partir de un censo se determinó la población, formada por 227 trabajadores. Es una investigación de campo, descriptiva, transaccional, de diseño no experimental. En la recolección de información se aplicó los instrumentos para la evaluación de factores de riesgos psicosociales, emitida reglamentariamente por el Ministerio de Protección Social de Colombia.Resultados. Se evidenciaron los principales factores de este tipo de riesgo, así como su nivel de estrés, presentes en los trabajadores administrativos de la institución, que demuestran que 68 trabajadores sumaron los niveles de estrés en las categorías muy alto y alto, 76 sujetos agruparon a los niveles medio y bajo, mientras que los 83 restantes, presentaron riesgo muy bajo.Conclusión. En primer lugar, prevalece el factor de riesgo “desplazamiento vivienda-trabajo-vivienda”, en segundo la “situación económica del grupo familiar” y, en tercer lugar, las “características de la vivienda y su entorno”. Existe una considerable alarma para el sostenimiento de la buena salud laboral del personal administrativo de la universidad, cuando los estamentos nacionales estiman que a partir de la categoría de nivel de estrés bajo, se deben acometer intervenciones especiales y cuando se elevan a partir del nivel medio se comprometen valores epidemiológicos de la salud pública de la nación.

AbstractIntroduction. This study aimed to characterize the psychosocial risk by outside working factors of administrative staff of the University Corporation of the Coast - CUC and the determination of their level of stress.Method. From a census was determined the population, which was formed by 227 workers. It is a research, descriptive, transactional with non-experimental design. The collection of information used instruments for the evaluation of factors of psychosocial risks, that it is regulations of the Ministry of Social protection of Colombia.Results. It showed the main factors of this type of risk, as well as your stress level, present in the administrative employees of the institution, showing that 68 workers joined in the categories high and high stress levels, 76 subjects were grouped by levels the medium and low, while the remaining 83, had very low risk.Conclusion. Firstly, prevailed the risk factor about "transportation of home - work - home", the second factor "Economic situation of the family group", and thirdly the "characteristics of the dwelling and its surroundings". There is a considerable alarm for the maintenance of the good health of the administrative staff of the University, when the levels stress are in the category of stress low and it need should undertake special interventions and with the rising from the middle level undertake epidemiological values of the nation's public health.

ResumoIntrodução. A presente investigação teve como objetivo caracterizar os fatores de risco psicosociais externos ao trabalho do pessoal administrativo da Corporação Universidade da Costa - CUC e a determinação de seu nível de estresse.Método. A partir de um censo se determinou a população, formada por 227 trabalhadores. É uma investigação de campo, descritiva, transacional, de desenho não experimental. Na recoleta de informação se aplicaram os instrumentos para a avaliação de fatores de riscos psicosociais, emitida regulamentariamente pelo Ministério de Proteção Social da Colômbia.Resultado. Foram evidenciados os principais fatores deste tipo de risco, assim como o nível de estresse presentes nos trabalhadores administrativos da instituição, que demonstram que 68 trabalhadores somaram os níveis de estresse nas categorias muito alto e alto, 76 sujeitos agruparam aos níveis médio e baixo, enquanto que os 83 restantes, apresentaram risco muito baixo.Conclusão. Em primeiro lugar, prevalece o fator de risco “deslocamento moradia-trabalho-moradia”, em segundo a “situação econômica do grupo familiar” e, em terceiro lugar, as “características da moradia e seu entorno”. Existe um considerável alarmante para sustentar a boa saúde no trabalho do pessoal administrativo da universidade, quando os estamentos nacionais estimam que a partir da categoria de nível de estresse baixo, se devem realizar intervenções especiais e quando se elevam a partir do nível médio se comprometem valores epidemiológicos da saúde pública da nação.

Desafios para a inserção do fisioterapeuta na atenção básica: o olhar dos gestores / Challenges for physical therapist's inclusion in primary care: the administrators' perspective / Desafíos para la inclusión del fisioterapeuta en atención primaria: la mirada de los administradores

Objetivo Objetivou-se identificar como está incluído o fisioterapeuta na atenção básica (AB) e a visão dos gestores em saúde do papel e da inserção deste profissional junto à equipe de saúde. Métodos Estudo qualitativo realizado com secretários de saúde de 22 municípios do extremo sul do Brasil. Resultados Existem na região 45 fisioterapeutas inseridos na AB, destes apenas um na Estratégia da Saúde da Família (ESF) e dois em Núcleos de Apoio a Saúde da Família (NASF), 13 gestores mencionaram o fisioterapeuta como sendo o profissional apenas da reabilitação, outros ainda afirmam que ele tem formação de nível técnico. Nos municípios que possuem o profissional inserido na ESF/NASF os gestores o identificaram como um importante integrante para complementação da equipe. Dentre as dificuldades para inserção deste profissional na AB, a falta de recurso financeiro para contratação foi o fator mais referenciado. Discussão Existe uma compreensão restrita por parte dos gestores em saúde sobre o papel do fisioterapeuta na AB, sobretudo pela maioria que não tem este profissional inserido em suas equipes de saúde da família, já a falta de priorização na destinação das verbas orçamentárias não favorece a inclusão efetiva de profissionais que não são considerados pela legislação como fazendo parte da equipe mínima. A inserção do fisioterapeuta na AB ainda é limitada, sendo necessária uma ampliação do olhar dos gestores das possibilidades de atuação deste profissional, inclusive como promotor da saúde.(AU)

Objective Study aimed to identify how physical therapists are included in primary care (PC), the perspectives of health managers, and the role that the inclusion of this professional in the health team plays. Methods Qualitative study involving health secretaries of 22 municipalities in southern Brazil. Results 45 physiotherapists in the region were included in PC. One of these was in the Family Health Strategy (FHS), and two were in the Nuclei of Support to Family Health (NSFH). 13 administrators cited the physiotherapists as professionals solely for rehabilitation; others think that they have formation at a technical level. However, in municipalities that have included the professionals in the FHS / NSFH, they were identified as important members of the team. Among the difficulties of inclusion, the lack of financial resources for hiring was the most commonly reported factor. Discussion There is a limited understanding from health managers regarding the role of physiotherapists in PC, especially from the majority who do not have access to this professional in their family health teams. This is because the lack of prioritization in the allocation of budget funds is not conducive to the effective inclusion of professionals who are not considered by the law as part of the minimum team. The insertion of the physiotherapist PC is further limited; a magnification of the look of the managers of the possibilities of action of this professional is required, including as a health promoter.(AU)

Objetivos Identificar cómo se incluye el fisioterapeuta en la atención primaria (AP), la visión del gestión de la salud y el papel de la inserción de este profesional en el equipo de salud. Métodos Estudio cualitativo con secretarios de salud de 22 municipios del sur de Brasil. Resultados Hay 45 fisioterapeutas de la región insertado en AP, uno en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar (ESF) y dos em los Núcleos de Apoyo para Salud de la Familia (NASF), 13 secretarios comentaron que se trataba de un profesional que trabaja solamente con rehabilitación, otros creen que tiene formación del nivel técnico, en los municipios que se han incorporado al profesional en el ESF / NASF lo identificó como un miembro importante del equipo. Entre las dificultades la falta de recursos financieros para la contratación fue el factor más referenciada. Discusión Hay una comprensión limitada por los administradores sobre el papel del fisioterapeuta en AP, especialmente los que no tienen este profesional insertado en sus equipos de salud familiar, ya la falta de priorización en la asignación de recursos presupuestarios no es propicio para la inclusión efectiva de los profesionales que no son considerados por la ley como parte del mínimo de personal. La inserción de la fisioterapeuta AP es aún limitada, una ampliación de la mirada de los gestores de las posibilidades de acción de estos profesionales incluyendo como promotora de salud.(AU)

Necesidades de superación jurídica laboral para los cuadros y reservas del sistema nacional de salud / Needs of juridical overcoming for leaders and reserves of the health national system

Es de sumo interés para la estrategia educacional de salud pública la constante superación de los recursos humanos de dirección. Las acciones dentro del subsistema de postgrado que emprende el CPENSAP de Ciego de Ávila es lograr la efectividad institucional resultante que se traduce en el nuevo valor que se genera con el proceso de superación jurídica laboral, con el objetivo de cumplir las expectativas de la sociedad en su conjunto. Los cuadros de la salud deben tener una formación jurídica acorde a la ética del sector en aras de lograr una mayor eficiencia y eficacia en la dirección educacional (AU)

It is very important for the educational strategy of public health the constant study of the human resources. The action inside the post grad subsystem that involves the CPENSAP of Ciego de Avila is to achieve the institutional effectiveness resulting that translates in the new value that is generated in the process of juridical superation, with the aim to achieve the expectations of the society in general. The health cadres should have a juridical formation that links to the sector´s ethic to achieve a better efficiency in the educational direction (AU)

Estudios para el perfeccionamiento del plan del médico de la familia

El trabajo es una investigación operacional de campo que tiene como objetivo encontrar las principales dificultades, limitaciones y obstáculos que impiden lograr el perfeccionamiento del trabajo del médico de la familia. En ésta se aplicaron varios instrumentos de la práctica epidemiológica sobre los principales actores sociales de los sistemas locales de salud. La investigación tiene como antecedente estudios realizados en Ciudad de La Habana y Provincia La Habana, ahora generalizado a las provincias Pinar del Río, Villa Clara, Santiago de Cuba y Guantánamo. Se estudiaron 121 médicos de la familia, 17 dirigentes de salud y 26 dirigentes de los órganos del poder popular. La investigación halló que las limitaciones más importantes están dadas por la necesidad de definir y dirigir la atención de la salud con un enfoque epidemiológico que integre todas las actuaciones sobre la salud; que los problemas sociocomunitarios son identificados como fuente de trastornos de la salud, pero los actores sociales no están suficientemente adiestrados para realizar acciones que lleven a su modificación y que se ignora a la comunidad como fuente de solución de sus propios problemas de salud. También se halló una deficiente preparación y no una plena dedicación de los dirigentes locales de la salud y órganos de gobierno local para operar integralmente todos los aspectos de la atención primaria de salud y para diseñar tácticas de trabajo conjunto que permitan realizar cabalmente la política de salud. Se termina con recomendaciones estratégicas diseñadas para superar los obstáculos, las dificultades y las limitaciones encontradas, y aumentar así la eficacia, la efectividad y la eficiencia de nuestro sistema de atención primaria de salud.

This piece of work is an operational field research, whose objective is to find out the main difficulties, limitations, and obstacles which avoid achieving the improvement of the family physician's work. In this research, several tools of the epidemiologic practice were applied on the main social plaintiffs of the local health systems. The piece of work owns a background of studies carried out at City of Havana and the Havana province, and now at Pinar del Río, Villa Clara, Santiago de Cuba, and Guantánamo provinces. A hundred and 21 family physicians, 17 health leaders and 26 administrative personnel leaders, were studied. The research found out that the most important limitations are due to the need for defining and addressing the health care with an epidemiological approach, involving all the actions about health; that the social and communitary problems are identified as the source of health disorders, but the social plaintiffs are not well trained to carry out actions leading to a change, and the community is not known as a source for the solution of its own health problems. A poor preparation was also found, and besides an incomplete dedication of the local health leaders and the administrative personnel leaders as to fully operate all the issues in primary health care, and to design teamwork techniques to allow carrying out thoroughly the health policy. This is ended with strategic recommendations to overcome the obstacles, difficulties and limitations found, and thus increase the efficacy, effectiveness, and efficiency of our primary health care system.