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1.
Suma psicol ; 31(2): 1-10, jul.-dic. 2024. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1576928

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Existe un creciente interés en la relación entre la orientación sexual de una persona y su bienestar subjetivo, por el vínculo de dicha orientación con diversas esferas de la vida, como apoyo social, salud y satisfacción vital. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre la relación entre estas variables en función de la orientación sexual es escasa en población universitaria. Este estudio examina la asociación entre el apoyo de familia, amistades y otras personas con la satisfacción vital, de forma directa y mediada por la salud autopercibida; se comparan estas relaciones en estudiantes universitarios heterosexuales y lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y de otras orientaciones no heterosexuales (LGB+) en Chile. Método: La muestra (n = 525) respondió un cuestionario en línea con preguntas sociodemográficas, sobre apoyo social percibido, salud autopercibida y satisfacción vital. Los datos se analizaron utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales y análisis multigrupo. Resultados: El apoyo familiar se asoció positivamente con la satisfacción vital, directamente y mediado por la salud autopercibida, tanto en estudiantes heterosexuales como LGB+; el apoyo de amigos y de otras personas mostró asociaciones diferenciadas por orientación sexual. Sin embargo, este modelo fue estadísticamente similar para ambos grupos. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos destacan la relevancia de distintos tipos de apoyo social en la satisfacción vital de estudiantes universitarios según su orientación sexual.


Abstract Introduction: The literature shows an increasing interest in the relationship between individuals' sexual orientation and their subjective well-being, linking the former to various spheres of life, such as social support, health, and life satisfaction. However, research on the impact of sexual orientation in the relationship between subjective well-being variables is scarce in the university population. This study examined the associations between support from family, friends and other people with life satisfaction, directly and mediated by self-perceived health, comparing these relationships in heterosexual and lesbian, gay, bisexual and other non-heterosexual (LGB+) university students in Chile. Method: The sample (n = 525) answered an online questionnaire with sociodemographic questions about perceived social support, self-perceived health, and life satisfaction. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and multigroup analysis. Results: Family support was positively associated with life satisfaction, directly and mediated by self-perceived health, in both heterosexual and LGB+ students; support from friends and others showed differential associations by sexual orientation. However, the proposed model was statistically similar for both groups. Conclusion: These findings highlight the relevance of different types of support on the life satisfaction of university students according to their sexual orientation.

2.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1574648

ABSTRACT

Role overload in the family can be understood as a feeling of inability to complete duties that are the individual's responsibility, and this hardship occurs due to the accumulation of tasks in the family, which can cause discomfort. The aim of this study was to obtain valid evidence of Family Role Overload in Brazilian samples. Six hundred and forty Brazilian workers of both genders took part in the study. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the Brazilian version remained single-factor and had six items. The multi-group analyses showed configural, metric, and scalar invariance between the groups divided in terms of gender and the existence or absence of children. The scale showed positive correlations with perceived family demands and family-work conflict and a negative correlation with perceived social support in the family. It was therefore concluded that the instrument had psychometric properties that recommend its use in future research.


A sobrecarga de papeis na família pode ser compreendida como sentimento de incapacidade em concluir obrigações que são de responsabilidade do indivíduo, e essa dificuldade acontece devido ao acúmulo de tarefas na família, que podem trazer desconforto. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo obter evidências de validade da Sobrecarga de Papéis na Família em amostras brasileiras. Participaram do estudo 640 trabalhadores brasileiros, de ambos os gêneros. As análises fatoriais confirmatórias evidenciaram que a versão brasileira se manteve unifatorial e com seis itens. As análises multigrupo atestaram a invariância configural, métrica e escalar entre os grupos divididos em termos de gênero e sobre a presença ou ausência de filhos. A escala apresentou correlações positivas com demandas percebidas da família e conflito família-trabalho e correlação negativa com suporte social percebido na família. Concluiu-se, assim, que o instrumento apresentou propriedades psicométricas que recomendam seu uso em investigações futuras.


La sobrecarga de rol en la familia puede ser entendida como un sentimiento de incapacidad para completar las obligaciones que son responsabilidad del individuo, y esta dificultad ocurre debido a la acumulación de tareas en la familia, lo que puede causar malestar. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener evidencias de la validez de la Escala de Sobrecarga del Rol Familiar en muestras brasileñas. Participaron en el estudio 640 trabajadores brasileños de ambos sexos. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios mostraron que la versión brasileña se mantuvo monofactorial y con seis ítems. Los análisis multigrupo mostraron invariancia configuracional, métrica y escalar entre los grupos divididos en función del género y de la presencia o ausencia de hijos. La escala mostró correlaciones positivas con las demandas familiares percibidas y el conflicto familia-trabajo y una correlación negativa con el apoyo social percibido en la familia. Por lo tanto, se concluyó que el instrumento posee propiedades psicométricas que recomiendan su uso en futuras investigaciones.

3.
Rev. Enferm. UERJ (Online) ; 32: e74486, jan. -dez. 2024.
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1554452

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a relação entre apoio social e qualidade do sono de pessoas idosas que cuidam de outros idosos em ambiente de vulnerabilidade social. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 65 cuidadores entrevistados por meio de instrumento de caracterização, Índice de Katz, Escala de Lawton e Brody, Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh e Escala de Apoio Social do Medical Outcomes Study, com dados analisados com testes de comparação e de correlação. Resultados: a maioria eram mulheres, cônjuges do idoso cuidado e possuíam sono de má qualidade. Observou-se correlação fraca e inversa entre má qualidade do sono e a dimensão interação social positiva (Rho=-0,27; p=0,028). Identificou-se relação significativa entre: apoio material e disfunção diurna (p=0,034); apoio afetivo e eficiência do sono (p=0,026); interação social positiva e qualidade subjetiva do sono (p=0,001) e disfunção diurna (p=0,008). Conclusão: Quanto maior a interação social positiva, melhor é a qualidade do sono.


Objective: to analyze the relationship between social support and sleep quality of elderly individuals who care for other elderly individuals in a socially vulnerable environment. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with 65 caregivers interviewed using a characterization instrument, Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale, with data analyzed using comparison and correlation tests. Results: the majority were women, spouses of the elderly being cared for, and had poor sleep quality. A weak and inverse correlation was observed between poor sleep quality and the positive social interaction dimension (Rho=-0.27; p=0.028). Significant relationships were identified between: material support and daytime dysfunction (p=0.034); emotional support and sleep efficiency (p=0.026); positive social interaction and subjective sleep quality (p=0.001), as well as daytime dysfunction (p=0.008). Conclusion: The higher the positive social interaction, the better the sleep quality.


Objetivo: analizar la relación entre el apoyo social y la calidad del sueño de personas mayores que cuidan de otras personas mayores en entornos socialmente vulnerables. Método: estudio transversal realizado con 65 cuidadores entrevistados mediante un instrumento de caracterización, Índice de Katz, Escala de Lawton y Brody, Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh y Escala de Apoyo Social del Medical Outcomes Study, los datos fueron analizados mediante pruebas de comparación y correlación. Resultados: la mayoría eran mujeres, cónyuges del adulto mayor que recibe el cuidado y tenían mala calidad del sueño. Se observó una correlación débil e inversa entre la mala calidad del sueño y la dimensión de interacción social positiva (Rho=-0,27; p=0,028). Se identificó que había relación significativa entre: apoyo material y disfunción diurna (p=0,034); apoyo afectivo y eficiencia del sueño (p=0,026); interacción social positiva y calidad subjetiva del sueño (p=0,001) y disfunción diurna (p=0,008). Conclusión: Cuanto mayor sea la interacción social positiva, mejor será la calidad del sueño.

4.
BMC Psychol ; 12(1): 548, 2024 Oct 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39394162

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To analyze the associations among autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, social support and perceived environment with physical activity practice of adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years; and to test autonomous motivations and self-efficacy as potential mediators of the associations between these environmental factors and physical activity practice. METHODS: We evaluated 553 adolescents, that participated in the ActTeens Program. Physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, parents' social support and perceived environment were assessed using specifics questionnaires. Linear regression models were used to test the associations. RESULTS: Parents' support (ß = 0.32), satisfaction of basic psychological needs of colleagues (ß = 0.21) and teachers (ß = 0.12), and perceived environment (ß = 0.10) had significant associations with physical activity (p < 0.05). The direct effect value was reduced when autonomous motivation was added as a mediator of the association between parents' support and physical activity (ß = 0.24), with a 25% mediated effect. Autonomous motivation was mediator of the relationship between basic psychological needs of colleagues (ß = 0.13; EM = 38%), teachers (ß = 0.02; EM = 83%), and perceived environment (ß = 0.03; EM = 70%) with physical activity. CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy was not associated with physical activity and autonomous motivation was an important mediator of adolescents' physical activity.


Subject(s)
Exercise , Motivation , Self Efficacy , Social Support , Humans , Adolescent , Female , Male , Exercise/psychology , Child , Surveys and Questionnaires , Personal Autonomy , Parents/psychology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Personal Satisfaction , Social Environment
5.
Inquiry ; 61: 469580241273187, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39229739

ABSTRACT

During the COVID-19 pandemic, older people were exposed to high levels of anxiety and stress leading to loneliness and depressive disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of anxiety, positive coping, perceived social support, and perceived stress on depression and loneliness among older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional online/telephone survey. A non-probability convenience sampling method was used. Participants were 112 people aged 60 years and above, without cognitive impairment, who experienced confinement (from March 2020 onward) and had access to the internet or telephone. A path analysis model showed a direct significant effect of anxiety on both, depression (ß = .68, P < .001) and perceived stress (ß = .65, P < .001), as well as an indirect effect of anxiety on loneliness via perceived stress (ß = .65) * (ß = .40); and social support (ß = -.21) * (ß = -.20). The model showed adequate fit χ2(df = 4) =5.972, P = .201; RMSEA = 0.066 (0.000, 0.169), CFI = 0.992; TLI = 0.970. Anxiety had a significant effect on depressive symptoms as well as on loneliness via perceived social support and perceived stress. According to our findings, in order to reduce depressive symptoms and perceived loneliness, it is essential to develop timely interventions that decrease levels of anxiety and stress and increase levels of perceived social support in older people, particularly when there are any restrictions, physical or contextual, that prevent face-to-face contact. This can be achieved by implementing preventive community-based programs, enhancing accessibility to mental health services, and collaborating with local support groups, among others.


Subject(s)
Anxiety , COVID-19 , Depression , Loneliness , Social Support , Stress, Psychological , Humans , COVID-19/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Loneliness/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Male , Female , Aged , Depression/psychology , Depression/epidemiology , Anxiety/psychology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Middle Aged , Adaptation, Psychological , SARS-CoV-2 , Aged, 80 and over , Pandemics , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry ; 39(9): e6141, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39289861

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Caregivers play an essential role in supporting people with Alzheimer's disease globally. User-informed research is vital to developing trans-cultural guidelines for dementia support organisations. While coping strategies of caregivers are well researched, the 'coping-effectiveness' framework falls short of representing all caregiver needs. Our aim was to develop a robust and inclusive, globally applicable framework of caregiver-informed support needs. METHODS: In partnership with Alzheimer's Disease International and Roche, we conducted qualitative online semi-structured interviews with 34 family caregivers from the Global North (UK, US) and Global South (Brazil, South Africa) in the COVID-19 context. Participant-generated photographs helped encourage discussions of hidden contextual issues. Iterative inductive narrative analysis of interviews and photographs was carried out with input from global and national charity and industry sectors. RESULTS: We identified a framework of four cross-cultural caring approaches with implications for support: (1) Empathising, using emotion-focused strategies to develop strong expertise and coping skills, with time specific information, psychosocial and peer support needs. (2) Organising, using problem-focused strategies, with strong narratives of expertise and advocacy which benefited from early structured information and professional confirmation. (3) Non-identifying caregiving, where daily aspects of caring occurred without specialist knowledge and expertise, and caregivers sought assistance in managing disease-related support. (4) Reluctance, where struggling with unwanted caring responsibilities meant caregivers looked to professionals to carry out daily care. CONCLUSION: Our findings move beyond the 'coping-effectiveness' framework of support to suggest a novel 'role-needs' framework. Our approach supports inclusive ways of tailoring support to fit individual caregiver circumstances globally.


Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Alzheimer Disease , COVID-19 , Caregivers , Social Support , Humans , Caregivers/psychology , Alzheimer Disease/psychology , Alzheimer Disease/nursing , Alzheimer Disease/therapy , Male , Female , Aged , Middle Aged , South Africa , Qualitative Research , SARS-CoV-2 , Brazil , United Kingdom , United States , Adult , Aged, 80 and over
7.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39338119

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Studies evaluating the effects of natural disasters on cancer outcomes are scarce, especially among USA ethnic minority groups, and none have focused on the effects of concurrent natural disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this secondary data analysis is to explore the impact of concurrent exposure to COVID-19 and earthquakes on psychological distress and symptom burden among Puerto Rican cancer survivors. METHODS: This secondary data analysis (n = 101) was part of a longitudinal case-control cohort study (n = 402) aimed at describing unmet psychological needs among Puerto Rican cancer patients and non-cancer subjects previously exposed to Hurricane María in 2017. The research team pooled data from participants (cancer survivors and non-cancer group) from their baseline assessments and from follow-up assessments conducted during January-July 2020 (earthquake and the lockdown period). A descriptive, paired t-test, non-parametric mean rank test, and two-sided Pearson correlation analyses were performed. RESULTS: Psychological distress and cancer symptom burden diminished over time. Resilience was significantly correlated with all the psychological and symptom burden variables during both pre- and post-earthquake and COVID-19 assessment periods. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the role of resilience, social support, and post-traumatic growth as potential protective factors preventing psychological distress and diminishing cancer symptom burden among cancer survivors exposed to natural disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic.


Subject(s)
Anxiety , COVID-19 , Cancer Survivors , Depression , Hispanic or Latino , Natural Disasters , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anxiety/epidemiology , Anxiety/psychology , Cancer Survivors/psychology , Case-Control Studies , COVID-19/psychology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cyclonic Storms , Depression/epidemiology , Depression/psychology , Earthquakes , Hispanic or Latino/psychology , Longitudinal Studies , Psychological Distress , Puerto Rico/epidemiology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Symptom Burden
8.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39088506

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Incarcerated individuals exhibit higher suicide rates compared to the general population. Investigating risk factors aids in developing effective public policies and interventions. The goal of this study was to assess and analyze factors predicting both suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts in a population of male incarcerated individuals who engage in the use of multiple psychoactive substances. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. A total of 174 male individuals deprived of liberty participated in the study, all of whom were serving a closed regime sentence during the data collection steps. Participants were assessed with the following instruments: the "Addiction Severity Index" (ASI-6) and the "Barratt Impulsiveness Scale" (BIS-11). RESULTS: Amongst our sample, prevalences of 36.7% in suicidal ideation and of 16.0% in suicide attempts were found. Impulsivity (OR = 1.098, 95% CI: 1.008 - 1.197), social support (OR = 0.281, 95% CI: 0.085 - 0.925), witnessing someone being killed or beaten (OR = 5.173, 95% CI: 2.143 - 12.486), cigarette use (OR = 3.309, 95% CI: 1.063 - 10.293), and cocaine use (OR = 2.678, 95% CI: 1.040 - 6.897) were also found to be associated with suicidal ideation. No significant associations were found between drug use and suicide attempts. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of suicidal behaviors was observed in the study's sample, with findings demonstrating that impulsivity moderately differentiates the groups 'with' and 'without' suicidal ideation. Traumatic life events and substance use were also associated with suicide ideation, while social support was established as a protective factor for it.

9.
Braz J Psychiatry ; 2024 Aug 19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39158525

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between depressive symptoms and social support among a representative sample of the Brazilian population aged 50 years or older. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study, based on 8,074 participants of the second wave of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study on Aging - ELSI-Brasil. Depressive symptoms were screened based on the CES-D8 instrument, and social support was investigated in its structural and functional dimensions. Sociodemographic variables and health conditions were considered for adjustment in investigating the association between social support and depressive symptoms using the Poisson regression model. RESULTS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was estimated at 19.1% (95% CI:16.7;21.7). In the analysis adjusted for possible confounding factors, depressive symptoms were independently associated with negative social support in the items "not married" (RP=1.24; 95% CI: 1.07-1.44), "not having someone to trust" (RP=1.31; 95% CI: 1.10-1.56) and "not having someone to borrow money or an object from, in case of need" (RP=1.46; 95% CI: 1.21-1.75). CONCLUSION: The present results highlight the importance of social relations in determining the presence of depressive symptoms and reinforce the need to implement public policies aimed at strengthening social networks to minimize this public health problem.

10.
Psicol. Caribe ; 41(2): 2-2, May-Aug. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1575431

ABSTRACT

Abstract The study was proposed due to the perception of the scarcity of studies on the correlation between burnout, coping and social support. Thus, the present study aimed to verify the prevalence of academic burnout and its correlations with coping strategies and social support in students of health courses. The sample consisted of 173 participants, ages between 18 and 30 years (M = 23.71; SD = 7.04). For data collection we used: Sociodemographic questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory for students (MBI-SS), Brief COPE (coping inventory) and Social Support Satisfaction Scale for higher education students (SSSS). The results revealed correlations between the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and cynicism, with family support satisfaction [F (3. 201752) = 9184.986, p < .001; r2 = .12] and F (3.168) = 8.473, p < .001; r2 = .131]. Referring to the correlations between coping strategies with the other study variables, the sample most frequently used emotion-focused coping in the strategies of Self-blaming (r = .290, p<.001); Substance Use (r = .241, p<.01); Instrumental Support (r = .206, p<.01) and Positive Reinterpretation (r =.197, p<.01).


Resumen El estudio fue propuesto debido a la percepción de la escasez de estudios sobre la correlación entre burnout, afrontamiento y apoyo social. Así, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar la prevalencia de burnout académico y sus posibles correlaciones con estrategias de afrontamiento y apoyo social en estudiantes de cursos de salud. La muestra estuvo constituida por 173 participantes, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 30 años (M = 23,71; DE = 7,04). Para la recogida de datos se utilizaron: Cuestionario sociodemográfico, Inventario de Burnout de Maslach para estudiantes (MBI-SS), COPE breve (inventario de afrontamiento) y Escala de satisfacción con el apoyo social para estudiantes de enseñanza superior (SSSS). Los resultados revelaron correlaciones entre las dimensiones de agotamiento emocional y cinismo, con la satisfacción de apoyo familiar [F (3. 201752) = 9184,986, p < .001; r2 = .12] y F (3.168) = 8,473, p < .001; r2 = .131]. En cuanto a las correlaciones entre las estrategias de afrontamiento con el resto de las variables del estudio, la muestra utilizó con mayor frecuencia el afrontamiento centrado en la emoción en las estrategias de Autoculpabilización (r = .290, p< .001); Consumo de Sustancias (r = .241, p< .01); Apoyo Instrumental (r = .206, p< .01) y Reinterpretación Positiva (r = .197, p< .01).

11.
Rev. salud pública Parag ; 14(2)ago. 2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1570047

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El estigma relacionado con la identidad sexual, especialmente entre HSH, sigue siendo un desafío importante en muchas culturas, este estigma puede aparecer de varias maneras, desde una discriminación explícita hasta estereotipos más discretos, y puede afectar negativamente la salud mental y emocional de quienes lo sufren. Objetivo: Analizar el estigma de identidad sexual y apoyo social entre los hombres que tienen sexo con otros hombres en Central y Asunción, Paraguay durante el 2024. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo, fenomenológico de tipo descriptivo y explicativo. Las categorías de análisis consideradas en este estudio fueron: a) Estigma y apoyo social en la comunidad en general, b) Divulgación de identidad sexual a la comunidad en general, c) Divulgación de identidad sexual a familiares y amigos y d) Estigma y apoyo social en la comunidad de LGBT. Resultados: Participaron del estudio, nueve HSH, donde los testimonios revelan el profundo anhelo de vivir con autenticidad y libertad. Los HSH en Paraguay desean poder ser ellos mismos sin temor a ser juzgados o rechazados, anhelan relaciones abiertas y honestas, y aspiran a una comunidad donde puedan compartir experiencias y apoyarse mutuamente Conclusión: Los HSH enfrentan obstáculos en su crecimiento y unión como comunidad. La ausencia de una comunidad fuerte y unida dificulta el apoyo mutuo y el desarrollo personal, además de la competencia y la falta de colaboración entre organizaciones e individuos crean un ambiente dividido, donde cada uno busca sus propios beneficios en lugar de trabajar juntos por el bien de todos.


Introduction: Stigma related to sexual identity, especially among MSM, remains a major challenge in many cultures, this stigma can appear in various ways, from explicit discrimination to more discreet stereotypes, and can negatively affect the mental and emotional health of those who suffer from it. Objective: Analyze the stigma of sexual identity and social support among men who have sex with other men in Central and Asunción, Paraguay during 2024. Methodology: Qualitative, Phenomenological Study of a descriptive and explanatory type. The analysis categories considered in this study were: a) Stigma and social support in the community in general, b) Disclosure of sexual identity to the community in general, c) Disclosure of sexual identity to family and friends and d) Stigma and social support in the LGBT community. Results: Nine MSM participated in the study, where the testimonies reveal the deep desire to live with authenticity and freedom. MSM in Paraguay want to be able to be themselves without fear of being judged or rejected, they long for open and honest relationships, and they aspire to a community where they can share experiences and support each other. Conclusion: MSM face obstacles in their growth and unity as a community. The absence of a strong and united community makes mutual support and personal development difficult, in addition to competition and lack of collaboration between organizations and individuals creating a divided environment, where everyone seeks their own benefits instead of working together for the good. of everyone.

12.
J Elder Abuse Negl ; : 1-29, 2024 Jul 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39081008

ABSTRACT

Prior literature has demonstrated a negative association between social support and elder mistreatment. Furthermore, social support may moderate the negative relationship between health-related indicators and elder mistreatment. This study is the first to investigate these assertions in Brazil using nationally representative data. We employ the 2019 National Health Survey and a series of binary logistic regressions. Overall, increased social support from stronger ties, like family and close friends, reduces the likelihood of elder mistreatment. However, increased participation in broader and more distant social networks and circles of sociability may increase the risk of mistreatment. Moreover, the negative relationship between health-related indicators and elder mistreatment is partially moderated by increased social support. While findings on other support dimensions vary, family support appears crucial in mitigating elder mistreatment. This study contributes by underscoring the intricate interplay of social support, health, and mistreatment, advocating for family-centered interventions to improve elder well-being in Brazil.

13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39083241

ABSTRACT

Familism is a multidimensional construct that includes familial support. However, limited research examines whether the sub-components of familism equally contribute to mental health and whether familism protects against depression beyond social support. To address these gaps, we test associations between the multidimensional components of familism (familial support, familial obligations, family as referents) and social support with depressive symptoms among immigrant Dominican women in New York City. We tested associations between the multidimensional components of familism, specifically, familial support, familial obligations, and family as referents (Sabogal et al., 1987), as well as social support, with depressive symptoms among 419 women. Multiple regression analysis indicated that whereas familial support predicted decreases in depressive symptoms (ß = - 0.15), family obligations, and family as referents did not. However, only social support predicted decreased depressive symptoms (ß= - 0.18) when accounting for covariates and familism subscales. Controlling for covariates, age predicted decreased depressive symptoms (ß = - 0.19), whereas self-rated poor health exhibited the inverse effect (ß = 0.17). These findings highlight the need for a nuanced understanding of familism, social support, and the association of cultural and demographic values on Latina mental health. These results illustrate the need for further analysis of social support and the multiple components of the familism construct.

14.
J Public Health Res ; 13(2): 22799036241262296, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39045604

ABSTRACT

Background: social support is important for adaptation in chronic diseases, such as diabetes and depression, because it favors recovery and adherence to treatment. Introducing its evaluation in the follow-up of diabetic patients can reduce complications derived from secondary non-adherence. Aims: to establish social support in diabetic patients and its correlation with depressive symptoms. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical study nested in a cohort of 173 recently diagnosed diabetic patients (<6 months) in Colombia over 18 years of age, treated in a cardiovascular risk program in 2022. The Chronic Illness Social Support Inventory was used. Results: Most of the participants were women (77.5%); single(83.8%), age (mean = 62.6 years (SD 12.3)); glycemia (mean = 146.4 (SD 65.5)), glycosylated hemoglobin (mean = 7.6 (SD 1.7)). Cronbach's α coefficient for the general scale of the social support instrument was 0.9859. The mean social support was 168.5 (SD 37.4), range 38-228. The total social support score was normally distributed (Shapiro Wilk p > 0.05). The correlation between domains was statistically significant. The PHQ9 total score was significantly associated with the domains of Personal Interaction and Guide but did not significantly correlate with the overall social support score. The respondents who were at risk of developing depression were referred for treatment. Conclusions: findings suggest that perceived social support may play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of depression in diabetic patients. It is desirable that health professionals consider evaluating and enhancing social support to improve their mental health. More research is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of this relationship.

15.
Int J Nurs Knowl ; 2024 Jun 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39031844

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To verify clinical validity evidence for the ineffective social support network nursing diagnosis. METHOD: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed with 98 violence-victimized women treated in two reference centers for violence in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The women were interviewed from August 2021 to June 2022. FINDINGS: The clinical indicators that best predicted the nursing diagnosis were as follows: Frustration with unmet support expectations, negative social interaction, perceived neglect of support demands, feeling of abandonment, low reciprocity, and encouragement of negative behaviors. Etiological factors that showed greater association were excessive demand for support, limited social network, social isolation, the fragility of institutional service networked organizations, and inadequate appreciation of available social support. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical validity evidence for the ineffective social support network nursing diagnosis has been verified. Thus, the validated clinical indicators and etiological factors can accurately diagnose and predict the emergence of this phenomenon in violence-victimized women. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The results contribute to advancing scientific knowledge in nursing teaching, research, and practice and support the nursing process in violence-victimized women.


OBJETIVO: Verificar evidências de validade clínica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem Rede de Apoio Social Ineficaz. MÉTODO: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal realizado com 98 mulheres vítimas de violência atendidas em dois centros de referência em violência na cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. As mulheres foram entrevistadas no período de agosto de 2021 a junho de 2022. RESULTADOS: Os indicadores clínicos que melhor predisseram o diagnóstico de enfermagem foram: Frustração com Expectativas de Apoio Não Atendidas, Interação Social Negativa, Negligência Percebida nas Demandas de Apoio, Sentimento de Abandono, Baixa Reciprocidade e Incentivo a Comportamentos Negativos. Os fatores etiológicos que apresentaram maior associação foram Demanda Excessiva de Apoio, Rede Social Limitada, Isolamento Social, Fragilidade das Organizações em Rede de Serviços Institucionais e Valorização Inadequada do Apoio Social Disponível. CONCLUSÕES: Foram verificadas evidências de validade clínica para o diagnóstico de enfermagem Rede de Apoio Social Ineficaz. Assim, os indicadores clínicos e fatores etiológicos validados têm a capacidade de diagnosticar e prever com precisão o surgimento deste fenômeno em mulheres vítimas de violência. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: A validação clínica do diagnóstico fundamenta as intervenções de enfermagem direcionadas às mulheres vítimas de violência e à sua rede de apoio social. PALAVRAS­CHAVE: Apoio social; Educação saudável; diagnóstico de enfermagem; rede social; violência contra as mulheres.

16.
Front Psychol ; 15: 1282281, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39040968

ABSTRACT

Background: Mental health of university students has been impacted during the pandemic, highlighting the importance of understanding its psychosocial determinants. Nevertheless, there has been limited exploration into whether the digital inclusion conditions for remote education could mediate the effects that variables such as resilience, social support, and academic self-efficacy may have on mental health. Considering the above, there is evidence that shows a consistent relationship between resilience, social support and academic self-efficacy on mental health, to the extent that these are psychological variables. On the other hand, digital inclusion, which comprehends a contextual variable, not a psychological one, related to ICT access opportunities and mainly focused on the quality of Internet access, should be analyzed in a differential manner. Objectives: This study seeks to analyze the effect of resilience, social support and academic self-efficacy, on the mental health of a group of Peruvian university students; in addition, it seeks to analyze the mediating role of digital inclusion. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 3,147 undergraduate students from a private university in Lima, Perú. From August to October 2020, data were collected online through questionnaire, this include The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), The 10-item version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10), The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (EMASP), The Perceived Self-Efficacy Specific for Academic Situations Scale (EAPESA) and to measure digital inclusion, the Perceived Quality of Internet Access reported by the students. The levels of participants' anxiety, depression and stress were described using frequency and percentage. Pearson Correlation test was used to measure the correlation between the variables and a Path analysis was conducted. Finally, The PROCESS macro for SPSS (Model 4) was applied to examine the mediating effect of the model controlling gender variable. Results: The results revealed significant levels of extremely severe symptoms of anxiety (36.8%), depression (33.4%) and stress (18.1%) among the participants. A path analysis, which indicated that resilience (ß = -0.346), social support (ß = -0.189), academic self-efficacy (ß = -0.060) and digital inclusion (ß = -0.089) had significant impact on students' General Distress. In addition, digital inclusion plays a partial mediation role with low but significant effect size in the relationship between resilience, social support and self-efficacy with mental health. Conclusion: Mental health of university students during the pandemic shows alarming levels of general or emotional distress. The findings indicate that resilience, social support and self-efficacy protect college students' mental health by reducing general distress. However, the study shows that when there is a digital divide around internet quality the impact of these factors is affected.

17.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 2023, 2024 07 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39075428

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic and related disruptive consequences in the economic, health, and educational sectors have impacted people's lives, contributing to a context of increased economic and social vulnerability. The pandemic has revealed and accentuated social inequalities and discrimination based on racial or ethnic origin. This study aimed to contribute to the promotion of the mental health and well-being of migrant populations living in Portugal via the definition of an analytical framework and recommendations emerging from the EQUALS4COVID19 project. METHODS: To gather information on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and resilience determinants among immigrants, a mixed-methods approach was implemented in 2022, combining a cross-sectional survey targeting immigrant adults in Portugal, focus groups with immigrants, focus groups with healthcare professionals, and in-depth individual interviews with stakeholders involved in the implementation of measures related to mental health and well-being during the pandemic. The analysis followed an integrated framework; quantitative data informed the script of qualitative data collection methods, and qualitative analysis informed the reinterpretation of quantitative data. RESULTS: The survey with 604 Brazilian and Cape Verdean immigrants revealed that gender (being a woman) was associated with both psychological distress and depression-related symptomatology and that the perception of discrimination was a major risk factor for psychological suffering, while perceived social support and individuals' resilience characteristics were protective factors. Qualitative data provided deeper insights into these findings, revealing the ways mental health is affected by social structures, such as gender and ethnic hierarchies. Migrants tend to work in precarious jobs requiring physical presence, which, together with dense housing conditions, puts them at higher risk of infection. The deterioration of the economic conditions of the general population has also increased the perception of ethnic-racial discrimination, which was found to be related to the increase in insecurity and anxiety-related symptomatology among the migrant population. Newly arrived migrants, with reduced support networks, experienced a greater sense of insecurity as well as concern and anguish regarding relatives who live far away, in their home country. Migrant women reported greater family-related distress, including work-life balance problems. CONCLUSIONS: Proposals to address mental health inequalities should be considered in the context of the necessary global changes both at the societal level and in the delivery of mental health services. Additionally, they should be considered with the active involvement of migrants, families, and communities in the design and delivery of mental health promotion and care processes.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Mental Health , Humans , Portugal/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Male , Female , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/psychology , Adult , Transients and Migrants/psychology , Transients and Migrants/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Focus Groups , Emigrants and Immigrants/psychology , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Cabo Verde , Qualitative Research , Young Adult
18.
Ann Geriatr Med Res ; 28(3): 342-351, 2024 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38952329

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There is limited research on social factors related to falls among older adults. This study assessed the association between falls during the past year with social participation, children's support, relationship with children, and social frailty. METHODS: Participants were 17,687 community-dwelling older adults from the 2015 Survey on Health, Well-being, and Aging (SABE) in Colombia. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, environmental barriers, psychotropic intake, vision problems, memory loss, multimorbidity, and fear of falling. RESULTS: In multivariate logistic regression analyses, being socially frail (vs. no-frail) was associated with higher odds of falls (odds ratio [OR]=1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.32). Participating in groups (OR=1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.11), helping others (OR=1.04; 95% CI 1.02-1.06), or volunteering (OR=1.09; 95% CI 1.01-1.17) were also associated with higher odds of falls. These findings were partly explained because most group participants reside in cities where they are more exposed to environmental barriers. In contrast, receiving help, affection, and company from children (OR=0.95; 95% CI 0.93-0.97) was associated with lower fall odds than not receiving it. Moreover, having a good relationship with children was associated with lower odds of falls (OR=0.75; 95% CI, 0.66-0.85) compared to an unsatisfactory relationship. CONCLUSION: Support from children and having a good relationship with them were associated with fewer falls; however, social frailty and participation in social groups were associated with more falls.


Subject(s)
Accidental Falls , Frail Elderly , Frailty , Independent Living , Social Participation , Humans , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Colombia/epidemiology , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Frail Elderly/psychology , Independent Living/statistics & numerical data , Frailty/epidemiology , Frailty/psychology , Social Support , Logistic Models , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors
19.
BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 1474, 2024 Jun 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38824510

ABSTRACT

AIM: This study aims to validate a Perceived Social Support Scale for University Students (EPSSEU) during periods of social restrictions, by focusing on family and university support. SUBJECT AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students from a public higher education institution. The college students who participated in the study-1353 at baseline and 378 after 6 months-answered a virtual questionnaire containing questions on: sociodemographic and lifestyle data, items proposed for the EPSSEU, Satisfaction with Social Support Scale (ESSS), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha reliability analysis, as well as discriminant, convergent, and known-group validations were performed. RESULTS: The results showed two factors support from: i) the university and ii) friends and family- which explained 61.82% of the variance in the data. The EPSSEU showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.796) as well as validity, with higher scores among individuals without depression, anxiety, or stress. CONCLUSION: The EPSSEU shows adequate psychometric qualities and may be a useful instrument for assessing university students' social support in pandemics, social distancing, and remote teaching contexts.


Subject(s)
Psychometrics , Social Support , Students , Humans , Students/psychology , Students/statistics & numerical data , Female , Male , Universities , Cross-Sectional Studies , Young Adult , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires/standards , Adult , COVID-19/psychology , Depression/psychology , Adolescent , Factor Analysis, Statistical
20.
J Community Psychol ; 52(6): 705-719, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38822714

ABSTRACT

Multiple studies have shown that adolescents exposed to community violence are likely to engage in bullying behaviors. However, we still need to understand which variables can help reduce the influence of community violence exposure (CVE) on bullying. To investigate this question, a study was conducted with a sample of 568 Mexican adolescents, comprising 276 (48.6%) males and 292 (51.4%) females aged 12 to 16 years old (M age = 13.7 years, SD = 0.82). The study examined how parental support (PS) and parental induction to justice sensitivity (JS) can moderate the relationship between CVE and bullying. The study used structural equation modeling with latent variables. The results showed that CVE was positively associated with bullying, whereas PS and the induction to perpetrator JS were negatively associated. The moderation analysis suggests that the relationship between CVE and bullying was weaker among adolescents who received high PS. On the other hand, low and high parental induction to JS had the same moderating effect. Based on the findings, parental practices are critical when developing preventive programs to reduce the harmful effects of CVE on bullying behavior.


Subject(s)
Bullying , Exposure to Violence , Parenting , Humans , Adolescent , Female , Male , Bullying/psychology , Bullying/statistics & numerical data , Mexico , Child , Parenting/psychology , Exposure to Violence/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Residence Characteristics
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