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1.
Complement Med Res ; 31(3): 266-277, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38417402

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The increasing worldwide mental health crisis, notably anxiety, emphasizes the urgency for available and effective interventions. Traditional therapies, although beneficial, pose limitations due to their considerable costs and possible adverse effects, thereby inviting alternative treatments such as auricular acupressure (AA). This non-pharmacological, integrative method, underpinned by Eastern and Western medical principles, presents a significant prospect for managing anxiety. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the existing evidence on the efficacy of AA in reducing anxiety, as elucidated through a systematic review. METHODS: A comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials was conducted across various databases: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine (CBM), Wan Fang, and Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP). Two reviewers retrieved the pertinent studies and assessed their methodological quality. A meta-analysis was then conducted, incorporating data from all relevant time points. RESULTS: Upon examining 25 studies encompassing 1,909 participants, it was discerned that AA significantly diminished anxiety (SMD = -1.1074; 95% confidence interval, -1.348 to -0.801; z = 7.70, p < 0.01). Subgroup analyses indicated that neither an increased number of auricular points nor extended intervention augmented effects. Larger effect sizes were associated with probing and avoidance of sham acupressure. Notably, 23 of the 25 studies exhibited some bias, suggesting further research is necessary. CONCLUSIONS: The extant evidence advocates for AA as an effective supplementary intervention that reduces patient anxiety. The results hint at a potential placebo effect elicited by sham acupressure, necessitating rigorous control group definitions in future inquiries. The study findings suggest that fewer acupressure points and shorter intervention durations could effectively alleviate anxiety symptoms. Nonetheless, the significant heterogeneity across the studies underscores the requirement for more stringent research methodologies to substantiate these conclusions.HintergrundDie weltweit zunehmende Krise der psychischen Gesundheit, vor allem von Angstzuständen, zeigt, dass dringend verfügbare und wirksame Interventionen erforderlich sind. Herkömmliche Therapien sind zwar hilfreich, werden aber durch ihre hohen Kosten und möglichen unerwünschten Wirkungen eingeschränkt, so dass alternative Behandlungen wie die Ohrakupressur gefragt sind. Diese nicht-pharmakologische, integrative Methode, die sich auf östliche und westliche medizinische Prinzipien stützt, stellt eine bedeutsame Perspektive für die Behandlung von Angstzuständen dar.ZielZiel dieser Studie ist es, die vorhandenen Evidenzen für die Wirksamkeit der Ohrakupressur (auricular acupressure, AA) zur Verringerung von Angstzuständen, die in einer systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ermittelt wurden, zu bewerten.MethodenEs wurde eine umfassende Suche nach randomisierten kontrollierten Studien in verschiedenen Datenbanken durchgeführt: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine (CBM), Wan Fang und Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP). Zwei Gutachter suchten die einschlägigen Studien heraus und bewerteten ihre methodische Qualität. Anschliessend erfolgte eine Metaanalyse, bei der Daten aller relevanten Zeitpunkte berücksichtigt wurden.Ergebnisse:Die Untersuchung von 25 Studien mit 1'909 Teilnehmern ergab, dass die Ohrakupressur (AA) Angstzustände signifikant verringerte (SMD = −1,1074; 95%-KI: −1,348 bis −0,801; z = 7,70, p < 0,01). Subgruppenanalysen zeigten, dass die Effekte weder durch eine höhere Anzahl von Ohrpunkten noch durch eine längere Intervention verstärkt wurden. Grössere Effektstärken waren mit Sondenverwendung und Vermeidung von Scheinakupressur assoziiert. Hervorzuheben ist, dass 23 der 25 Studien eine gewisse Verzerrung aufwiesen, weshalb weitere Untersuchungen erforderlich sind.SchlussfolgerungenDie vorhandene Evidenzlage stützt die Ohrakupressur (AA) als wirksame unterstützende Intervention, die die Angst der Patienten verringert. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf einen potenziellen Placeboeffekt durch Scheinakupressur hin, so dass in künftigen Untersuchungen strenge Kontrollgruppendefinitionen erforderlich sind. Die Studienergebnisse sprechen dafür, dass eine geringere Anzahl von Akupressurpunkten und kürzere Interventionszeiten die Angstsymptome wirksam lindern können. Die starke Heterogenität der Studien zeigt allerdings, dass strengere wissenschaftliche Methoden erforderlich sind, um diese Schlussfolgerungen zu untermauern.


Subject(s)
Acupressure , Anxiety Disorders , Humans , Anxiety Disorders/therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Auriculotherapy/methods
2.
Pflege ; 37(4): 197-203, 2024 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38294181

ABSTRACT

Background: Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are the mainstay of therapy for paediatric atopic dermatitis (AD). The use of TCS is often met with fear by parents. Assessing this parental TCS fear in clinical practice is still lacking. Aim: The aim was to assess parental fear and beliefs about TCS. Furthermore, we evaluated the quality of life (QoL) of the family and the disease severity of affected children. Methods: We conducted an observational study with a cross-sectional design. Inclusion criteria were children aged 0 to 5 years with a diagnosis of AD and outpatient treatment. The outcome measures were parental fears and beliefs about TCS, assessed with the "Topical Corticosteroid Phobia Score" (TOPICOP), parental QoL evaluated with the "Family Dermatology Life Quality Index", and disease severity, assessed with the "Scoring atopic dermatitis" (SCORAD). Descriptive statistic was used to analyse the data. Results: The current study found that in 40 affected children, 25 (62.5%), suffered from mild AD, 12 (30%) children had moderate AD, and 3 (7.5%) children had severe AD. TCS fear among parents was notable (mean TOPICOP score 18.1, standard deviation (SD) 7.1). The QoL was moderately affected (mean FDLQI score 6.5, SD 2.8). Conclusions: Our study indicates that fear of TCS is prevalent. Furthermore, our data indicate that severity of TCS fear varies markedly between parents, ranging from parents with almost no fear to parents with high levels of fear. For effective education in clinical practice, the individual level of fear must be recognized and taken into account.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis, Atopic , Fear , Parents , Quality of Life , Humans , Dermatitis, Atopic/psychology , Dermatitis, Atopic/nursing , Dermatitis, Atopic/drug therapy , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Quality of Life/psychology , Parents/psychology , Fear/psychology , Infant , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Infant, Newborn , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Complement Med Res ; 30(6): 517-524, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37967540

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and anxiety are comorbid conditions that increase the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of yoga on the anxiety of women with EGWG. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled trial was performed on EGWG pregnant women referring to comprehensive health centers in Qom city, Iran, between October 2021 and August 2022. Eighty-eight participants were assigned to the intervention (N = 44) and control (N = 44) groups. The experimental group participated in six sessions of 90-min yoga classes, and the control group only received routine care. Two questionnaires including a demographic information questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. RESULTS: The results of this study showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of trait anxiety (25.84 ± 3.45 vs. 57.38 ± 8.07; p < 0.05) and state anxiety (27.93 ± 3.72 vs. 60.13 ± 8.13; p < 0.05) after intervention. On the other hand, the trait and state anxiety rates were stable in the experimental group before and after intervention, while they increased to the severe form of anxiety in the control group (effect size = -21.84 ± 10.66 vs. -19.43 ± 8.44). CONCLUSION: The result of this study showed that yoga has a positive effect on the anxiety of pregnant women with EGWG and can be used as a preventive or complementary solution to control the anxiety of these mothers.HintergrundExzessive Gewichtszunahme in der Schwangerschaft (EGWG) und Angst sind Komorbiditäten, die das Risiko für einen ungünstigen Verlauf für Mutter und Kind erhöhen. Diese Studie wurde durchgeführt, um die Auswirkung von Yoga auf Angst bei Frauen mit exzessiver Gewichtszunahme in der Schwangerschaft zu untersuchen.Material und MethodenDiese randomisierte, kontrollierte Studie wurde bei Schwangeren mit EGWG durchgeführt, die sich zwischen Oktober 2021 und August 2022 an Zentren für ganzheitliche Gesundheit in der Stadt Ghom im Iran vorstellten. 88 Teilnehmerinnen wurden einer Interventions- (N = 44) und einer Kontrollgruppe (N = 44) zugeteilt. Die experimentelle Gruppe nahm an einem Yogakurs von sechsmal 90 minuten Dauer teil, die Kontrollgruppe erhielt lediglich die Standardversorgung. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte mit zwei Fragebögen: einem Fragebogen zu demografischen Angaben und dem State-Trait-Angstinventar (STAI). Die Auswertung der Daten erfolgte mit SPSS-Software, Version 22.ErgebnisseDie Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigten einen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied zwischen beiden Gruppen im Hinblick auf Eigenschaftsangst (25.84 ± 3.45 vs. 57.38 ± 8.07; p < 0.05) und Zustandsangst (27.93 ± 3.72 vs. 60.13 ± 8.13; p < 0.05) nach der Intervention. Auf der anderen Seite waren die Raten von Eigenschafts- und Zustandsangst in der experimentellen Gruppe vor und nach der Intervention stabil, während sie in der Kontrollgruppe zur schweren Form von Angst anstiegen (Effektstärke = −21.84 ± 10.66 vs. −19.43 ± 8.44).SchlussfolgerungDie Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen, dass Yoga sich bei Schwangeren mit EGWG positive auf Angst auswirkt und als präventive oder komplementäre Lösung zur Beherrschung von Angst bei diesen Müttern eingesetzt werden kann.


Subject(s)
Gestational Weight Gain , Yoga , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Female , Anxiety/therapy , Iran
4.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 11(15)2023 Jul 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37570404

ABSTRACT

(1) Background: As the worldwide aging population is growing, there is a need to embrace the role of physical activity in the anxiety of older people. Objectives: To analyze anxiety in older people practitioners and non-practitioners of physical activity; (2) Methods: ample composed of 690 older people of both genders, unselected volunteers, residing in Brazil, present (as participants or observers) in selected street races in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 30 October 2019, and 12 March 2020. An instrument composed of the sociodemographic questionnaire and questions from the Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI, and the Physical Activity Inventory for older people, Baecke-Old. Design: Ex-post-facto observational analytical descriptive research; (3) Results: The average age of the sample was in the range of 65 to 69y, 74% female, 94% completed high school, 69% living with the family, 84% practicing physical activity. Anxiety levels were 26% (without), 35% (mild), 21% (moderate), and 18% (severe). The comparison of anxiety showed a difference between the groups of active and sedentary elderly. Logistic regression analysis considering anxiety (yes or no; dichotomous variable) and physical activity (yes or no; dichotomous variable) and Odds Ratio were performed to identify possible influences of the independent variables PA, gender, marital status, and education on anxiety. Only physical activity was associated with anxiety. (4) Conclusions: The sample data of this research point to the conclusion that physical activity influences anxiety levels with 98% certainty, and it is suggested that it be enriched in the future with different studies with different designs. The older people practitioners of physical activity with a high level of education presented as 26% without, 35% mild, 21% moderate, and 18% severe anxiety. More active individuals are less likely to develop anxiety.

5.
Omega (Westport) ; : 302228231199872, 2023 Aug 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37650385

ABSTRACT

Previous studies on the context between death anxiety and religion do not provide any clear evidence regarding "anxiety buffer" function. In this explorative study, death anxiety and attitude to death were determined in the context of mood, personality and meaning of life among groups of Muslims (n = 60) and Christian Protestants (n = 60). Death anxiety and attitude to death were assessed using the Bochum questionnaire for recording death anxiety and attitudes to death. Death anxiety was mild to moderate in our healthy Participants of Muslim and Christian faith. Attitude towards death was therefore much more pronounced among Muslim members than Christians. The influence of religious beliefs on the fear of death does not appear to be direct and linear. Sources that provide meaning in life and emotional stability can contribute to a reduction in death anxiety and a less problematic attitude towards death.

6.
Infant Ment Health J ; 44(4): 572-586, 2023 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37439103

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent social restrictions created an unprecedented context for families raising young children. Although studies have documented detrimental effects of the pandemic on maternal well-being, less is known about how the pandemic specifically impacted low-income mothers. We examined depression, anxiety, and sleep quality among low-income mothers of one-year-olds during the early months of the pandemic using data from the Baby's First Years study. Focusing on the control group (n = 547), we compared mothers interviewed before March 14th, 2020 (n = 342) to mothers interviewed between March 14th and June 30th, 2020 (n = 205) to determine whether the pandemic was associated with differences in mental health and sleep quality. Mothers were recruited from four cities in the United States, and most of the sample identified as Hispanic (42.2%) or Black, non-Hispanic (38.6%). We found that mothers interviewed during the pandemic reported better mental health and sleep quality. While we cannot speak to longer-term impacts of the pandemic, it is possible low-income mothers experienced relief from daily stressors during the initial shelter-in-place orders, which may have led to improvements in well-being. These results have implications for understanding how complex life stressors influence mental health and sleep quality among low-income mothers raising young children.


La pandemia del COVID-19 y las subsecuentes restricciones sociales crearon un contexto sin precedentes para las familias que estaban criando niños pequeños. Aunque los estudios han documentado los efectos perjudiciales de la pandemia sobre el bienestar materno, menos se conoce acerca de cómo la pandemia específicamente tuvo un impacto sobre madres de bajos recursos económicos. Examinamos la depresión, ansiedad y calidad del sueño entre madres de bajos recursos económicos de niños de un año de edad durante los primeros meses de la pandemia usando datos del estudio Primeros Años del Bebé. Enfocándonos en el grupo de control (n = 547), comparamos las madres entrevistadas antes del 14 de marzo de 2020 (n = 342) con madres entrevistadas entre el 14 de marzo y el 30 de junio de 2020 (n = 205) para determinar si la pandemia se asociaba con diferencias en salud mental y calidad del sueño. A las madres se les reclutó en cuatro ciudades de Estados Unidos y la mayor parte del grupo muestra se identificaron como Hispanas (42.2%) o Negras no Hispanas (38.6%). Encontramos que las madres entrevistadas durante la pandemia reportaron mejor salud mental y calidad del sueño. A pesar de que no podemos hablar sobre el impacto a largo plazo de la pandemia, es posible que las madres de bajos recursos económicos experimentaran alivio en los factores diarios de estrés durante el inicial mandato de quedarse en su casa, lo cual pudiera haber llevado a mejoras en el bienestar. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones para comprender cómo los complejos factores de estrés influyen en la salud mental y la calidad del sueño entre madres de bajos recursos económicos que crían a niños pequeños.


La pandémie du COVID-19 et les restrictions sociales qui en ont découlé ont créé un contexte sans précédent pour les familles élevant de jeunes enfants. Bien que des études aient documenté des effets préjudiciables de la pandémie sur le bien-être maternel, on en sait moins sur la manière dont la pandémie a spécifiquement impacté les mères de milieux défavorisés. Nous avons examiné la dépression, l'anxiété, et la qualité du sommeil chez des mères de milieux défavorisés avec un enfant d'un an durant les premiers mois de la pandémie, en utilisant des données de l'étude Baby's First Years. Nous concentrant sur le groupe de contrôle (n = 547), nous avons comparé des mères interviewées avant le 14 mars 2020 (n = 342) à des mères interviewées entre le 14 mars et le 30 juin 2020 (n = 205) afin de déterminer si la pandémie était liée à des différences en santé mentale et en qualité de sommeil. Les mères ont été recrutées dans quatre villes des Etats-Unis et la plupart de l'échantillon s'identifiait comme Hispanique (42,2%) ou Noires, non hispaniques (38,6%). Nous avons trouvé que les mères interviewées Durant la pandémie faisaient état d'une meilleure santé mentale et d'une meilleure qualité de sommeil. Bien que nous ne puissions pas parler des impacts de la pandémie à long terme, il est possible que les mères de milieux défavorisés aient fait l'expérience d'un soulagement des facteurs de stress quotidiens durant la période initiale de confinement, ce qui pourrait avoir mené à des améliorations dans le bien-être. Ces résultats ont des implications pour la compréhension de la manière dont des facteurs de stress complexes influencent la santé mentale et la qualité du sommeil chez les mères de milieux défavorisés élevant de jeunes enfants.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Child Rearing , Economic Status , Income , Mental Health , Mothers , Sleep Quality , Mental Health/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19/epidemiology , Humans , Female , Infant , Mothers/psychology , Mothers/statistics & numerical data , Economic Status/statistics & numerical data , Income/statistics & numerical data , Depression/epidemiology , Anxiety/epidemiology , Interviews as Topic , United States/epidemiology , Cities/epidemiology , Child Rearing/psychology , Quarantine/psychology , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Employment/psychology , Employment/statistics & numerical data , Racial Groups/psychology , Racial Groups/statistics & numerical data , Ethnicity/psychology , Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data , Marital Status/statistics & numerical data , Social Determinants of Health/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Mediation Analysis
7.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother ; 51(6): 441-450, 2023 Nov.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37070434

ABSTRACT

The Therapeutic Potential of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders Abstract: This short review summarizes the literature available on therapeutic interventions with prebiotics and probiotics and their potential use in psychiatric disorders in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Most studies of children and adolescents are done on ADHD and autism spectrum disorders, whereas single reports exist largely on positive effects on cognitive symptoms and quality of life. Initial studies regarding anorexia nervosa point to a potential effect of weight gain and reduction of gastrointestinal symptoms. To date, the effects of prebiotics and probiotics in depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and schizophrenia have been mainly investigated in adults. The best reported evidence exists for depression, whereas the effects on depressive symptomatology are small. Positive effects are seen on gastrointestinal symptoms in these disorders. Given these positive effects, the mixed literature reports may result from very heterogeneous study designs. Nevertheless, the high potential of prebiotics and probiotics may be seen for minors with mental health problems. Further studies that include child and adolescent psychiatric populations and reflect the complexity of the gut-brain axis are urgently needed.


Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Mental Disorders , Probiotics , Adolescent , Child , Humans , Prebiotics , Quality of Life , Probiotics/therapeutic use , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/therapy
8.
J Anal Psychol ; 68(2): 227-240, 2023 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36994544

ABSTRACT

The article discusses dominance and oppression in society due to cultural complexes filled with collective memories of destructiveness and perpetration, implicit memories which have remained repressed. Individual personal complexes and traumas are intertwined with traumatizing historical circumstances, setting up pairs of perpetrator and victim. The metaphors of devouring and asphyxiation are used to denote interpersonal and group relationships in which feelings of imprisonment, suffocating anxiety and expulsion are predominant, all of which leads to painful projections and introjections, dissociation and suffering. Asphyxiating death symbolizes not only environmental devastation by fire, the pandemic and the plague, but is also seen as a symptom of acute anxiety in modern times. Devouring stands for the annulment of the objectified Other in a patriarchal society best revealed in fratricidal struggles, the oppression of women and, ultimately, wars.


L'article traite de la domination et de l'oppression dans la société, du fait de complexes culturels chargés de souvenirs de destruction et de culpabilité, de mémoires implicites qui sont restées refoulées. Les complexes personnels et les traumatismes des individus sont entremêlés avec les circonstances historiques traumatisantes. Ainsi se forment des couples coupable-victime. Les métaphores de dévoration et d'asphyxie sont utilisées pour désigner des relations interpersonnelles et de groupe dans lesquelles les sentiments d'emprisonnement, l'angoisse d'étouffement et l'expulsion sont prédominants, tout cela menant à des projections et des introjections douloureuses, à de la dissociation et de la souffrance. La mort par asphyxie symbolise non seulement la dévastation de l'environnement par l'incendie, la pandémie et la peste, mais est aussi comprise comme un symptôme d'anxiété aigüe à notre époque. La dévoration signifie l'annulation d'un Autre traité comme un objet dans une société patriarcale qui se dévoile dans des batailles fratricides, l'oppression des femmes et au final, les guerres.


El artículo analiza la dominación y la opresión en la sociedad debido a complejos culturales llenos de memorias colectivas de destructividad y perpetración, memorias implícitas que han permanecido reprimidas. Los complejos y traumas personales individuales se entrelazan con circunstancias históricas traumatizantes, estableciendo pares de perpetrador y víctima. Las metáforas de la devoración y la asfixia se utilizan para denotar relaciones interpersonales y grupales en las que predominan sentimientos de aprisionamiento, ansiedad sofocante y expulsión, todo lo cual conduce a proyecciones e introyecciones dolorosas, disociación y sufrimiento. La muerte asfixiante simboliza no sólo la devastación medioambiental por el fuego, la pandemia y la peste, sino que también se considera un síntoma de ansiedad aguda en los tiempos modernos. Devorar representa la anulación del Otro cosificado en una sociedad patriarcal que sobre todo se revela en las luchas fratricidas, la opresión de la mujer y, en última instancia, las guerras.


Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders , Asphyxia , Humans , Female , Anxiety , Emotions
9.
Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes ; 178: 75-81, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36973162

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people were anxious about a coronavirus infection due to the high infection rate and the mortality risk associated with the disease. Fear of COVID-19 might have influenced patients' utilisation of medical services, even if it meant that a postponed therapy had severe consequences. Our aims were to analyse (a) to what extent fear of COVID-19 contributes to forgone consultations, (b) if patient characteristics, health literacy and social support influence the effect of fear of COVID-19 on the utilisation behaviour and (c) whether interactions between these possible predictor variables are responsible for a higher extent of avoided consultations due to fear of COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study in an emergency department. The study was based on personal standardized interviews of patients. The interviews took place between July 15 and August 5, 2020. Patients over the age of 18 were included if there was no urgent need for treatment on the day of the interview, no severe functional limitations, sufficient knowledge of German, ability to consent and health problems requiring treatment between March 13 and June 13, 2020. Differences between patient subgroups were described and analysed using the t-test and chi2 test. Data were analysed by logistic regression including socio-demographic data, health literacy and social support assessed by standardised instruments. Additionally, we assessed interactions between possible predictor variables by a descriptive tree analysis. RESULTS: 103 patients participated in personal standardized interviews. 46 patients (44.6%) reported that at least one necessary consultation did not take place in the observation period. Among those, 29 patients (63.0%) avoided consultations due to fear of COVID-19. Women had 3.36 times higher odds (95% confidence interval: 1.25 to 9.04, p = 0.017) for avoiding a consultation due to fear of COVID-19. There were no other statistically significant predictors in our analysis. DISCUSSION: Almost half of the required consultations did not take place. Avoidance of consultations needs to be closely monitored during the pandemic. Policy makers as well as health care providers should give consideration to the collateral effects of COVID-19 and COVID-19-related reactions of patients, especially women. CONCLUSION: In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, physicians should ensure that their patients take advantage of necessary consultations in order to avoid negative effects of a delayed examination or treatment. Particular attention should be paid to anxious female patients. Studies are needed to analyse the association between health literacy, social support and avoidance of consultations triggered by fear of COVID-19.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , COVID-19/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pandemics , Retrospective Studies , Communicable Disease Control , Germany , Referral and Consultation , Fear
10.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 25: e91715, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449540

ABSTRACT

Abstract This systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of physical activity on anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Three databases (PubMed; Scopus and Web of Science) were searched in the period from 2020 to 2022 the following base terms were used: "Physical Activity", Exercise, Anxiety and COVID-19. Peer-reviewed, primary studies published in English, Portuguese and Spanish using valid and reliable measures were included. Eighteen studies met the eligibility criteria, of which 17 were cross-sectional, 2 were cohort studies. The number of participants ranged from 43 to 2,301, aged between 18 and 65 years or older. A decrease in PA practice or an increase in sitting time were associated with higher levels of anxiety symptoms. Additionally, participants who did not meet PA recommendations were more likely to experience moderate to severe anxiety symptoms. The results showed that physical activity is associated with the alleviation of anxiety symptoms during confinement in the COVID-19 pandemic.


Resumo Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo investigar o efeito da atividade física nos sintomas de ansiedade durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Foram pesquisadas três bases de dados (PubMed; Scopus e Web of Science) no período de 2020 a 2022 foram utilizados os seguintes termos base: "Physical Activity", Exercise, Anxiety e COVID-19. Foram incluídos estudos primários, revisados ​​por pares, publicados em inglês, português e espanhol usando medidas válidas e confiáveis. Dezoito estudos preencheram os critérios de elegibilidade, sendo 17 transversais, 2 estudos de coorte. O número de participantes variou de 43 a 2.301, com idade entre 18 e 65 anos ou mais. Uma diminuição na prática de AF ou um aumento no tempo sentado foram associados a níveis mais elevados de sintomas de ansiedade. Além disso, os participantes que não atendiam às recomendações de AF eram mais propensos a apresentar sintomas de ansiedade moderados a graves. Os resultados mostraram que a atividade física está associada ao alívio dos sintomas de ansiedade durante o confinamento na pandemia de COVID-19.

11.
J Anal Psychol ; 67(5): 1363-1385, 2022 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36440716

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on eco-anxiety, an over-arching term used to describe anxiety caused by the climate crisis and the impacts of environmental contamination, environmental disasters, species extinctions and ecological system degradation. A brief literature review of eco-anxiety is provided from both psychoanalytic and Jungian perspectives which includes a discussion of Jung's view of our split with nature, displacement anxiety, precarity, climate change denial, and anticipatory anxiety. The author draws on his own theory of what he calls the Nature archetype to explicate the psychological changes brought about by our environmental crisis that cause increased anxiety, depression, PTSD and which, sometimes, lead to suicide. Two clinical vignettes are provided. The first shows how eco-complexes cluster around and interweave with generalized anxiety disorder, and the way in which eco-anxiety can be incorporated into a fusional complex that draws the analyst into a fusional field experienced as a state of connection and disconnection over both personal and collective material. The second vignette illustrates the way in which eco-complexes, eco-anxiety and environmental issues are interwoven with an early childhood abuse history.


Nous sommes face à une menace concernant la planète du fait des ravages de la crise globale du climat et de l'externalisation de nos déchets dans l'environnement, comme le montrent la mauvaise qualité de l'air, la hausse de la température et de l'acidité de l'eau, les schémas climatiques destructeurs, les extinctions sans précédent d'espèces, et un point de bascule qui n'arrête pas de se rapprocher où les changements environnementaux deviennent irréversibles. Psychologiquement, ces changements produisent une anxiété accrue, de la dépression, des PTSD (trouble de stress post-traumatique) et des suicides. Cet article se concentre sur l'éco-anxiété, un terme fondamental pour décrire l'anxiété provoquée par la crise du climat, les impacts de la contamination de l'environnement, les catastrophes environnementales et la dégradation du système écologique. Ceci provoquant une instabilité socioéconomique, de la précarité, de l'instabilité ontologique, et la peur d'un effondrement planétaire. Je m'appuie sur la documentation sur l'éco-anxiété, qui contient une discussion sur la précarité, le déni du changement climatique et l'angoisse d'anticipation. L'article contient deux vignettes cliniques. La première montre comment les éco-complexes se tissent autour et s'entremêlent avec un trouble anxieux généralisé. Elle montre également comment l'éco-anxiété est incorporée dans un complexe fusionnel qui attire l'analyste dans un champ fusionnel dans lequel il y a un état de connexion et de déconnexion à la fois sur le matériel personnel et le matériel collectif. La seconde vignette illustre comment les éco-complexes, l'éco-anxiété et les questions environnementales sont entremêlées avec une histoire infantile d'abus.


Enfrentamos una amenaza significativa al planeta a causa de los estragos producidos por la crisis climática global y la externalización de nuestros residuos en el medio ambiente, como lo demuestra la pobre calidad del aire, el incremento de temperatura y acidez del mar, los patrones climáticos destructivos, las extinciones de especies sin precedentes, y un cada vez más cercano punto de inflexión donde los cambios ambientales están deviniendo irreversibles. Psicológicamente, estos cambios causan ansiedad creciente, depresión, PTSD, y suicidio. El presente trabajo se focaliza en la eco-ansiedad, un término extensivo que describe la ansiedad causada por la crisis climática, los impactos de la contaminación ambiental, los desastres ambientales y la degradación del sistema ecológico, los cuales resultan en una inestabilidad socioeconómica, precariedad, inestabilidad ontológica, y un miedo a un colapso planetario. Me baso en la literatura sobre eco-ansiedad incluyendo una discusión sobre precariedad, la negación del cambio climático y la ansiedad anticipatoria. Se describen dos viñetas clínicas. La primera muestra como los eco-complejos se agrupan alrededor y entretejiéndose con el trastorno de ansiedad generalizada, y cómo la eco-ansiedad es incorporada en un complejo fusional que conduce al analista a un campo fusional en el cual hay un estado de conexión y desconexión de material tanto personal como colectivo. La segunda viñeta ilustra como los eco-complejos, la eco-ansiedad y los temas medio ambientales se entretejen con una historia temprana de abuso infantil.


Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders , Anxiety , Child, Preschool , Male , Humans , Child , Anxiety Disorders/therapy , Fear , Climate Change
12.
Infant Ment Health J ; 43(4): 533-545, 2022 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35675501

ABSTRACT

Anxiety problems are seen as early as 1-2 years of age. Among others, parenting and child temperament are considered as the most important factors affecting anxiety in early childhood. In the current study, the unique roles of parenting (maternal overprotectiveness and warmth) and temperament (behavioral inhibition and negative emotionality), parenting-temperament interactions, and mediating role of ambivalent attachment between behavioral inhibition and anxiety were investigated. One-hundred mother-child (18-36-month-old) dyads participated in this study. Children's anxiety and temperament were measured through mother-reported scales, attachment was measured by observation via home visits, and parenting dimensions were measured via both mother-reported scales and observation. The results revealed that behavioral inhibition and overprotectiveness were positively associated with toddlers' anxiety, whereas there were no significant direct associations of negative emotionality and warmth with anxiety. However, the interaction between behavioral inhibition and warmth predicted toddler's anxiety; that is, if behaviorally inhibited children had mothers who were low on warmth, those children were more likely to exhibit anxiety symptoms compared to children with low behavioral inhibition, whereas anxiety levels did not change for children of warm mothers. Ambivalent attachment mediated the relationship between behavioral inhibition and anxiety. The nature of parent-child interactions is discussed based on toddlerhood anxiety.


Los problemas de ansiedad ya se ven a la temprana edad de 1-2 años. Entre otros, se considera la crianza y el temperamento del niño como los más importantes factores que afectan la ansiedad en la temprana niñez. En el presente estudio se investigaron los roles distintivos de crianza (la sobreprotección y calidez maternas) y temperamento (inhibición de conducta y emocionalidad negativa), las interacciones crianza-temperamento y el rol mediador de la afectividad ambivalente entre inhibición de conducta y ansiedad. Cien díadas madre-niño (18-36 meses de edad) participaron en este estudio. Se midió la ansiedad y el temperamento de los niños por medio de escalas que las madres reportaron, se midió la afectividad por medio de observaciones en visitas a casa, y las dimensiones de crianza se midieron por medio tanto de escalas que las madres reportaron como la observación. Los resultados revelaron que la inhibición de conducta y la sobreprotección se asociaban positivamente con la ansiedad de los pequeños niños, mientras que no se dieron significativas asociaciones directas de la emocionalidad negativa y la calidez con la ansiedad. Sin embargo, la interacción entre la inhibición de conducta y la calidez predijeron la ansiedad de los niños pequeñitos; es decir, si los niños inhibidos en cuanto a conducta tenían madres que estaban a nivel bajo en cuanto a calidez, esos niños estaban más propensos a exhibir síntomas de ansiedad comparados con niños con bajos niveles de inhibición de conducta, mientras que los niveles de ansiedad no cambiaron para niños con madres de cálida acogida. La afectividad ambivalente medió la relación entre la inhibición de conducta y la ansiedad. Se discute la naturaleza de las interacciones progenitor-niño con base en la ansiedad en la primera infancia.


On voit des problèmes d'anxiété aussi tôt qu'à 1-2 ans d'âge. Entre plein d'autres facteurs, le parentage et le tempérament de l'enfant sont estimés être les facteurs les plus importants qui affectent l'anxiété dans la petite enfance. Dans cette étude les rôles uniques du parentage (surprotection maternelle et chaleur maternelle) et le tempérament (inhibition comportementale et émotivité négative), les interactions parentage-tempérament, le rôle médiateur de l'attachement ambivalent entre l'inhibition comportementale et l'anxiété ont fait l'objet des recherches. Cent dyades mère-enfant (18-36 mois d'âge) ont participé à cette étude. L'anxiété et le tempérament des enfants ont été mesurés au travers d'échelles rapportées par la mère et l'attachement a été mesuré par observation au travers de visites à domicile. Les dimensions parentales ont été mesurées au travers d'à la fois les échelles rapportées par la mère et l'observation. Les résultats ont révélé que l'inhibition comportementale et la surprotection sont liées de manière positive à l'anxiété du petit enfant, alors qu'il n'y a pas de lien direct avec l'anxiété pour l'émotivité négative et la chaleur. Cependant l'interaction entre l'inhibition comportementale et la chaleur a prédit l'anxiété du petit enfant. En fait, si les enfants inhibés du point de vue comportemental avaient des mères n'étant pas chaleureuses, ces enfants avaient plus tendance à faire preuve de symptômes d'anxiété que les enfants avec une inhibition comportementale plus basse, alors que les niveaux d'anxiété n'ont pas changé pour les enfants avec des mères chaleureuses. L'attachement ambivalent a médiatisé la relation entre l'inhibition comportementale et l'anxiété. La nature des interactions parent-enfant est discutée basée sur l'anxiété du petit enfant.


Subject(s)
Parenting , Temperament , Anxiety , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Mother-Child Relations , Mothers , Parent-Child Relations , Temperament/physiology
13.
Group Process Intergroup Relat ; 25(3): NP1-NP23, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35494217

ABSTRACT

The racial demographic shift occurring in many Western countries provides a unique context to study the reactions of a high-power group (White people) to the potential loss of their privileged position in society. Three experiments (N = 77, N = 302, N = 555) conducted in Canada, the US, and the UK showed that White people who are reminded about the ongoing demographic changes and who see race relations as a zero-sum game whereby any gains by minorities must come at the expense of the majority, experience stronger collective angst and, to a lesser extent, fear (but not anger). In turn, collective angst, but not the other negative group-based emotions, fuels their motivation to protect the existing intergroup hierarchy by withdrawing support for progressive social movements and increases anti-immigration sentiments. Downregulating the existential threat experienced by White majorities in the face of a racial demographic shift may be one way to reduce acrimonious behavioral intentions aimed at preserving their place in the social hierarchy.

14.
J Anal Psychol ; 67(1): 261-274, 2022 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35417581

ABSTRACT

This article aims to reflect on the unconscious dynamics that sustain the shocking increase in feminicide in the world. It is observed that psychological and physical violence by the intimate partner has numerous facets, especially when the woman gains more or has more professional success than her partner. This violence can take a subtle form as rejection and betrayal in order to hurt the woman and destroy her self-esteem and success. Based on numerous studies and bibliography it is demonstrated that the main cause of violence by the intimate partner is the fear of the power of the feminine that has been present throughout history. Despite the evolution of women, historical violence reverberates in the 21st century as an intergenerational trauma causing great suffering in families and disturbances in interpersonal relationships.


Cet article vise à réfléchir aux dynamiques inconscientes qui sous-tendent l'accroissement choquant de féminicides dans le monde. On observe que la violence physique et psychologique par le mari ou le compagnon a de multiples facettes, particulièrement quand la femme gagne plus ou a plus de réussite professionnelle. Cette violence peut prendre la forme subtile de rejet et de trahison afin de blesser la femme et détruire son estime d'elle-même et son succès. En s'appuyant sur de nombreuses études et des travaux bibliographiques nous démontrons que la principale cause de violence par le mari ou le compagnon est la peur de la puissance du féminin, une peur qui est présente à travers toute l'histoire de l'humanité. Malgré l'évolution des femmes la violence historique retentit dans le 21ième siècle comme traumatisme intergénérationnel, produisant de grandes souffrances dans les familles et des perturbations dans les relations interpersonnelles.


Este artículo busca reflexionar sobre las dinámicas inconscientes que sostienen el impactante incremento de femicidios en el mundo. Se observa que la violencia psicológica y física ejercida por la pareja íntima tiene numerosas facetas, especialmente cuando la mujer gana más o tiene un mayor éxito profesional que su compañero. Esta violencia puede adquirir formas sutiles como el rechazo y la traición para lastimar a la mujer y destruir su autoestima y éxito. A partir de numerosos estudios y bibliografía se demuestra que la causa principal de violencia por un compañero íntimo es el miedo al poder del femenino presente a través de la historia. Aún la evolución de la mujer, la violencia histórica reverbera en el siglo XXI como un trauma intergeneracional causando grandes sufrimientos en las familias y perturbaciones en las relaciones interpersonales.


Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a dinâmica inconsciente que sustenta o aumento chocante do feminicídio no mundo. Observa-se que a violência psicológica e física pelo parceiro íntimo tem inúmeras facetas, especialmente quando a mulher ganha mais ou tem mais sucesso profissional do que seu parceiro. Essa violência pode assumir uma forma sutil como rejeição e traição, a fim de prejudicar a mulher e destruir sua autoestima e sucesso. Com base em inúmeros estudos e bibliografias, demonstra-se que a principal causa de violência pelo parceiro íntimo é o medo do poder do feminino que esteve presente ao longo da história. Apesar da evolução das mulheres, a violência histórica reverbera no século XXI como um trauma intergeracional causando grande sofrimento nas famílias e distúrbios nas relações interpessoais.


Subject(s)
Historical Trauma , Female , Humans , Violence
15.
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr ; 71(2): 100-118, 2022 Feb.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35133250

ABSTRACT

Questionnaires such as the Multidimensional Anxiety Inventory for Children and Adolescents (MAICA) provide a diagnostic approach to alert for anxiety- or depression-related problems. The aim is to examine the MAICA within two clinical samples.We first investigated whether children having anxiety- or depression-related problems (n = 94) scored higher on anxiety (i.e., emotionality and worry) and depression (i.e., dysthymia and low joy) than a non-clinical control group (n = 282). Then, we contrasted a clinical sample with other mental disorders unrelated to anxiety or depression (n = 45) with another non-clinical control group (n = 135). Across all scales of the MAICA, children with anxiety- or depression-related problems showed less favourable values than the non-clinical control group (d = 0.34 to 0.54 for anxiety, 0.55 to 0.68 for depression). Children with other mental problems showed no differences in either the anxiety or depression scales. For the use as a screening instrument, preliminary cutoff scores for identifying anxiety- or depression-related problems with the MAICA are given.


Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders , Anxiety , Adolescent , Anxiety/diagnosis , Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Child , Cyanoacrylates , Humans , Isocyanates , Risk Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
16.
Swiss Dent J ; 132(1): 19-26, 2022 01 10.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34991351

ABSTRACT

The treatment of severe molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is often a challenge for both the patient and the practitioner. Factors such as hypersensitivity, pulpitis, partially erupted molars, and reduced adhesive bond strength make dental work more difficult and reduce long-term success. It is particularly important for everyday practice that there is a wide range of temporary restoration options even for teeth that are difficult to restore. The present paper deals with the practical recommendations for the therapy of MIH. Therapy recommendations from the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) and the Würzburg MIH Concept are considered. In addition, established therapy methods from the Universities of Bern and Zurich will be discussed.


Subject(s)
Dental Enamel Hypoplasia , Incisor , Child , Dental Enamel Hypoplasia/therapy , Humans , Molar , Prevalence , Private Practice
17.
J Anal Psychol ; 66(3): 534-545, 2021 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34231893

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on my relationship with analysands and my inner world. I reflect on the role of the archetypal Self during times of existential anxiety that may lead to an experience of 'essential anxiety'. This term refers to a meeting by a fearful ego with an inward recognition of the Self, when faced with threat. The efforts to curb the spread of the pandemic changed our ways of life, while the virus itself threatened our existence in debilitating or outright destructive ways. But what also came into view, in sessions of analysis and supervision, was the creative instinct, and a celebration of life. The soul-to-soul relationship, and the connection with images of the archetypal Self, made the experience of existential anxiety at times an essential experience that facilitated psychological growth. I discuss some advantages of on-line Jungian analysis where, despite distance and partial view, the body still serves as container to hold important psychological material, conferring a sense of wholeness for analyst and analysand. The COVID-19 crisis is terrible and terrifying but it also provides an opportunity for self-regulation and individuation.


Cet article explore l'impact de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur ma relation avec mes analysants et avec mon monde intérieur. Je réfléchis au rôle du Soi archétypal durant les périodes d'angoisse existentielle pouvant mener à une expérience 'd'angoisse essentielle'. Ce terme fait référence à la rencontre entre un moi craintif et l'acceptation intérieure du Soi, lors d'une confrontation avec une menace. Les efforts pour atténuer la diffusion de la pandémie ont changé nos manières de vivre, pendant que le virus lui-même menaçait notre existence de manière écrasante ou carrément destructive. Mais ce qui s'est également profilé, dans les séances d'analyse et de supervision, fut l'instinct créatif, et une célébration de la vie. La relation d'âme à âme et le lien avec des images du Soi archétypal ont parfois fait de l'expérience d'angoisse existentielle une expérience essentielle qui a facilité la croissance psychologique. J'aborde certains bénéfices de l'analyse Jungienne en ligne quand, malgré l'éloignement et la vision rétrécie à l'écran, le corps sert encore en tant que contenant pour détenir du matériel psychologique important, ce qui confère à l'analyste et à l'analysant un sentiment de complétude. La COVID-19 est terrible et terrifiante mais elle offre aussi une opportunité pour l'autorégulation et l'individuation.


El presente trabajo explora el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en mi relación con mis analizandos y con mi mundo interno. Reflexiono sobre el rol del Sí Mismo arquetípico durante estos tiempos de ansiedad existencial que pueden conducir a una experiencia de 'ansiedad esencial'. Este término hace referencia al encuentro de un ego atemorizado con un reconocimiento interno del Sí Mismo, cuando es confrontado con una amenaza. Los esfuerzos por reducir la propagación de la pandemia cambiaron nuestro modo de vida, mientras el virus mismo amenazaba nuestra existencia ya sea debilitándola, o en formas directamente destructivas. Pero lo que también se hizo visible, en sesiones de análisis y supervisión, fue el instinto creativo y la celebración de la vida. La relación de alma-a-alma, y la conexión con imágenes del Sí Mismo arquetípico, hizo de a momentos la experiencia de ansiedad existencial, una experiencia esencial que facilitó el crecimiento psicológico. Analizo algunas ventajas del análisis Junguiano online, donde, aún la distancia y cierta parcialidad en el campo visual, el cuerpo sirve todavía de contenedor para alojar importante material psicológico, brindando un sentido de totalidad al analista y al analizando. La crisis por el COVID-19 es terrible y aterradora, pero al mismo tiempo provee una oportunidad para la autorregulación y la individuación.


Subject(s)
Anxiety/psychology , COVID-19 , Health Personnel/psychology , Individuation , Professional-Patient Relations , Psychoanalytic Therapy , Self-Control , Adult , Humans , Jungian Theory , Switzerland , Telemedicine
18.
Infant Ment Health J ; 42(4): 586-602, 2021 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34021614

ABSTRACT

Children born preterm, compared to term, are at risk for behavioral problems. However, the prevalence and predictors of internalizing disorders among children born preterm are unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders at 2 years of age among children born preterm and determine the extent to which poverty, maternal depressive symptoms, or young motherhood increase the likelihood of these disorders. Mothers and their infants (N = 105) were recruited from two neonatal intensive care units affiliated with a major U.S. university. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition scale scores from the Preschool Child Behavior Checklist were used to measure primary variables. We examined mothers' family satisfaction and quality of caregiving as well as children's degree of prematurity, morbidity, gender, cognitive functioning, and motor function as covariates. Fifteen percent of children met criteria for an anxiety disorder and another 15% for depression. Maternal depressive symptoms increased the odds of children developing both anxiety and depression, whereas young motherhood was associated with child anxiety and poverty with child depression. Results indicate the need for mental health assessment of children born preterm during their first 2 years of life and the importance of early therapeutic and tangible support to vulnerable mothers and children.


Los niños nacidos prematuramente, comparados con los no prematuros, están bajo riesgo de problemas de comportamiento. Sin embargo, la prevalencia y factores de predicción de la internalización de los trastornos entre niños nacidos prematuramente no están claras. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar la prevalencia de trastornos depresivos y de ansiedad a los 2 años de edad entre niños nacidos prematuramente y determinar hasta dónde la pobreza, los síntomas depresivos maternos o la maternidad joven aumentan la probabilidad de estos trastornos. A las madres y sus infantes (N = 105) se les reclutó de 2 unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales afiliadas con una importante universidad de los Estados Unidos. Un cuestionario sociodemográfico, el PHQ-9 y los puntajes de la escala DSM-5 de la Lista de Verificación de la Conducta Prescolar del Niño se usaron para medir las variables primarias. Examinamos la satisfacción familiar y la calidad de la prestación del cuidado de las madres, así como el grado de prematuridad, la morbilidad, el género, el funcionamiento cognitivo, y la función motora de los niños como covariables. Quince por ciento de los niños cumplía los criterios para un trastorno de ansiedad y otro 15% para depresión. Los síntomas depresivos maternos aumentaron las posibilidades de que los niños desarrollaran tanto ansiedad como depresión, mientras que la maternidad joven se asoció con la ansiedad del niño y la pobreza con la depresión del niño. Los resultados indican la necesidad de evaluar la salud mental de niños nacidos prematuramente durante sus dos primeros años de vida y la importancia del temprano apoyo terapéutico y tangible a las madres y niños vulnerables.


Les enfants nés prématurés, comparés aux enfants né à terme, sont à risque de problèmes de comportement. Cependant, la prévalence et les prédicteurs de troubles d'intériorisation chez les enfants nés avant-terme ne sont pas claires. Le but de cette étude était d'identifier la prévalence des troubles dépressifs et des troubles d'anxiété à l'âge de 2 ans chez des enfants nés avant terme et de déterminer dans quelle mesure la pauvreté, les symptômes dépressifs maternels ou le statue de jeune mère augmente la probablbilité de ces troubles. Des mères et leurs nourrissons (N = 105) ont été recrutées dans deux services de réanimation néonatale dans une CHU américaine importante. Un questionnaie sociodémographique, le PHQ-9 et les scores de l'échelle DSM-5 de la Checklist de Comportement de l'Enfant d'Âge Préscolaire ont été utilisés pour mesurer les variables primaires. Nous avons examiné la satisfaction familiale des mères et la qualité du mode de soin ainsi que le degré de prématurité des enfants, leur morbidité, le genre, le fonctionnement cognitif et la fonction motrice comme covariants. Quinze pourcent des enfants ont rempli les critères pour un trouble de l'anxiété et un autre 15% pour la dépression. Les symptômes dépressifs maternels ont augmenté les chances que les enfants développent à la fois de l'anxiété et de la dépression, alors que le fait d'être une jeune mère était lié à l'anxiété de l'enfant et la pauvreté avec la dépression de l'enfant. Les résultats indiquent le besoin d'une évaluation de la santé mentale des enfants nés avant terme durant les deux premières années de leur vie et l'importance d'un soutien thérapeutique précoce et tangile pour les mères et les enfants vulnérables.


Subject(s)
Depression , Poverty , Anxiety Disorders/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Depression/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Mothers , Prevalence
19.
Infant Ment Health J ; 42(3): 331-345, 2021 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33812347

ABSTRACT

Many studies focus on proximal associations between parental sensitivity and emotional well-being in early childhood, with less data examining how parenting in infancy predicts children's emotional trajectories across childhood, in particular negative emotional symptoms of anxiety and depression. Thus, this study utilized data from The Family Life Project (N = 1015), a prospective study of child development in rural poverty, and assessed whether sensitive parenting in the first 4 years of life predicted child internalizing emotional symptoms (i.e., anxiety and depression) from kindergarten to fifth grade and whether early child executive functioning mediated this relationship. Path models indicated that observation of sensitive parenting predicted a decrease in teachers' report of child negative emotional symptoms over time and predicted fewer negative emotional symptoms in fifth grade. Moreover, though executive functioning performance did not mediate change in symptoms over time, executive functioning did mediate the relationship between sensitive parenting and fifth-grade symptoms, suggesting that executive functioning is one mechanism by which early sensitive parenting buffers long-term emotional development. Findings highlight the importance of early parenting and executive functioning in development of anxiety and depression symptoms and suggests potential targets for transdiagnostic intervention.


Muchos estudios se enfocan en asociaciones proximales entre la sensibilidad del progenitor y el bienestar emocional en la temprana niñez, aunque una menor información examina cómo la crianza en la infancia predice las trayectorias emocionales de los niños a lo largo de la niñez, particularmente los síntomas emocionales de ansiedad y depresión. Por tanto, este estudio utilizó datos de [BLINDED FOR REVIEW] (N = 1,015), un estudio en prospecto del desarrollo del niño en la pobreza rural, y evaluó si la crianza sensible en los primeros 4 años de vida predijo los síntomas emocionales de internalización en el niño (v.g. ansiedad y depresión) a partir del kínder hasta el quinto grado y si el temprano funcionamiento ejecutivo del niño mediaba esta relación. Los modelos de trayecto indicaron que la observación de la crianza sensible predijo una baja en los reportes de los maestros sobre síntomas emocionales negativos en el niño a lo largo del tiempo y predijo menos síntomas emocionales negativos en el quinto grado. Es más, a pesar de que el rendimiento del funcionamiento ejecutivo no medió el cambio en los síntomas a lo largo del tiempo, el funcionamiento ejecutivo sí medió la relación entre la crianza sensible y los síntomas en el quinto grado, lo cual sugiere que el funcionamiento ejecutivo es un mecanismo por medio del cual la temprana crianza sensible amortigua el desarrollo emocional a largo plazo. Los resultados subrayan la importancia de la crianza temprana y el funcionamiento ejecutivo en el desarrollo de los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión y sugiere metas probables para la intervención de transdiagnosis.


Beaucoup d'études portent sur les liens proximaux entre la sensibilité parentale et le bien-être émotionnel dans la petite enfance, avec moins de données examinant comment le parentage dans la petite enfance prédit les trajectoires émotionnelles des enfants durant l'enfance, en particulier les symptômes émotionnels négatifs d'anxiété et de dépression. Donc, cette étude a utilisé des données du Project de Vie Familiale (en anglais Family Life Project) (N = 1015), une étude prospective du développement de l'enfant en pauvreté rurale, et évalué si la sensibilité de parentage dans les quatre premières années de vie prédisaient l'internalisation de symptômes émotionnels de la part de l'enfant (comme l'anxiété et la dépression) de la maternelle au CM2 (ou 5ème au Québec) et si le fonctionnement exécutif précoce de l'enfant servait de médiateur à la relation. Les analyses causales ont indiqué que l'observation d'un parentage sensible prédisait une baisse des rapports faits par les enseignants de symptômes émotionnels négatifs de la part des enfants et prédisaient moins de symptômes émotionnels négatifs au CM2 (5ème au Québec). De plus, bien que la performance du fonctionnement exécutif n'a pas médié les changements dans les symptômes au fil du temps, le fonctionnement exécutif a médié la relation entre le parentage sensible et les symptômes au CM2 (5ème au Québec), suggérant que le fonctionnement exécutif est un mécanisme par lequel le parentage sensible précoce sert de tampon au développement émotionnel à long terme. Les résultats mettent en lumière l'importance du parentage précoce et du fonctionnement exécutif dans le développement de symptômes d'anxiété et de dépression et suggèrent des cibles potentielles pour une intervention trans-diagnostique.


Subject(s)
Emotions , Parenting , Anxiety , Child , Child Development , Child, Preschool , Humans , Prospective Studies
20.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother ; 48(6): 429-433, 2020 Nov.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32615864

ABSTRACT

Anxiety and Depression in Transition - Desiderata for Improved Care and Research: Results of the Joint Task Force Transition of DGPPN and DGKJP Abstract. Affective disorders (e. g., anxiety, depression) frequently begin during adolescence. Yet therapeutic approaches during adolescence differ in some respects from those employed during adulthood. During the transition from adolescence to adulthood, there is a high risk of discontinuation of therapeutic treatment, which may consequently affect integration in employment. There is a need for age-specific therapeutic strategies that address the relevant issues of adolescents as well as the presently unmet needs in research and treatment for this specific population.


Subject(s)
Anxiety/therapy , Depression/therapy , Mood Disorders/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Transition to Adult Care
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