How groundwater temperature is affected by climate change: A systematic review.

Groundwater (GW) is sensitive to climate change (CC), and the effects have become progressively more evident in recent years. Many studies have examined the effects of CC on GW quantity. Still, there is growing interest in assessing the qualitative impacts of CC, especially on GW temperature (GWT), and the consequences of these impacts. This study aimed to systematically review recently published papers on CC and GWT, determine the impacts of CC on GWT, and highlight the possible consequences. The Scopus and Web of Science databases were consulted, from which 144 papers were obtained. After an initial screening for duplicate papers, a second screening based on the titles and abstracts, and following an analysis of topic applicability to this subject after examining the full text, 44 studies were included in this review. The analysed scientific literature, published in 29 different journals, covered all five continents from 1995 to 2023. This review indicated that the subject of GWT variations due to CC is of global interest and has attracted significant attention, especially over the past two decades, with many studies adopting a multidisciplinary approach. A general increase in GWT was noted as a primary effect of CC (especially in urban areas); furthermore, the implications of this temperature increase for contaminants and GW-dependent ecosystems were analysed, and various applications for this increase (e.g. geothermal) were evaluated. This review highlights that GWT is vulnerable to CC and that the consequences can be serious and worthy of further investigation.

Revisión de un libro pionero sobre epidemias de Risueño de Amador (1829) / Review of a pioneer book on epidemics by Risueño de Amador (1829)

En este artículo se revisa y comenta el libro de epidemiología escrito por el médico español Benigno Risueño de Amador (1802-1849), publicado inicialmente en francés (1829) y posteriormente traducido al español (1831). Este estudio documental retrospectivo de un manual científico-médico glosa el contenido del libro, destacando sus aspectos más importantes. El libro de casi doscientos años de antigüedad puede considerarse una valiosa y temprana contribución a la epidemio-logía, así como una muestra de la gran preocupación existente en la Europa de principios del siglo XIX por el tema de las epidemias. Representa además una valiosa contribución española, que muestra los esfuerzos realizados para avanzar en esta disciplina médica hacia una posición más científica en una época incipientemente microbiana.(AU)

This article reviews and comments on the epidemiological book written by the Spanish physician Benigno Risueño de Amador (1802-1849), initially published in French (1829), and its subsequent translation into Spanish (1831). This retrospective documentary case study of a scientific-medical manual reviews the contents of the book, highlighting its most important aspects. This almost 200-year-old book can be considered a valuable, early contribution to epidemiology, and a sign of the great concern in early 19th Europe about the subject of epidemics. It represents a valuable contribution that shows the enormous efforts made to advance in this medical discipline towards a more scientific position at an incipient microbial time.(AU)

A bibliographic review of sustainability research output and investment in 10 leading public health journals across three time periods.

Objectives: Long-term delivery, or sustainability, of evidence-based interventions is necessary for public health benefits to be realised. However, sustainment of effective interventions is poor. Understanding the evidence-base and identifying potential gaps is necessary to inform where future research efforts are most warranted. Study design: We undertook a repeat cross-sectional bibliographic review of research published in 10 public health journals across three time periods (2010, 2015 and 2020/2021). Methods: Studies were eligible if they were a data-based study or review article. Studies were assessed as to whether they focused on sustainability. The percentage of public health research studies assessing sustainability overall and by the three time periods was calculated. The association between time period and the proportion of sustainability articles was assessed using logistic regression. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise study characteristics overall and by time period. Results: 10,588 data-based articles were identified, of which 1.3 % (n = 136) focused on sustainability. There was a statistically significant association between time period and the proportion of sustainability research, with a slight increase across the three time periods: 0.3 % (95 % CI: 0.1 %, 0.7 %) in 2010, 1.4 % (95 % CI: 1.0 %, 1.9 %) in 2015 and 1.6 % (95 % CI: 1.3 %, 1.9 %) in 2020/2021. Most research was descriptive/epidemiological (n = 69, 51 %), few focused on measurement (n = 2, 1.5 %) and none on cost effectiveness. Only one intervention study assessed the effect of specific sustainability strategies. Conclusions: This bibliographic review highlights the need for more public health research on sustainability, particularly in the areas of measurement, sustainability interventions, and cost effectiveness.

The Contributions of Nina Fedorovna Talyzina to Research Developed in Brazilian Postgraduate Programs.

Background: Nina Fedorovna Talyzina was a Russian psychologist, whose theories have been applied in educational research in many countries around the world, including Brazil. Her name is mainly connected to the Activity Theory of Learning (ATL), which has been dubbed the Galperin-Talyzina system of developmental didactics. Objective: Investigate how N.F. Talyzina's ideas are applied in dissertations and theses developed in postgraduate programs in Brazil. Design: Our research was a bibliographic review which used the state of the question method to examine how Talyzina's ideas are applied in Brazilian academic publications. Data were gathered from three responsible databases - the Brazilian Digital Library, the CAPES Catalogue, and the Institutional Repositories (1987-2022). The method of content analysis was used for data analysis, according to pre-determined categories. Results: We found a prevalence of research based on the methodology of formative experiments carried out at different educational levels. Skills, scientific concept- formation, and problem-solving were the objects of investigation in most of the studies. The ideas proposed by L.S. Vygotsky, A.N. Leontiev, P.Ya. Galperin, and V.V. Davidov were expressed through references to Talyzina's work as the theoretical basis of many studies, thus evidencing a crucial dialogue with the Cultural-Historical School (CHS). Conclusion: Our study points out the growing interest in Talyzina's ideas, specifically her Activity Theory of Learning, which can be attributed to comprehensive dialogues with the ideas of L.S. Vygotsky and A.N. Leontiev which predominate in Brazilian research.

Revisión sistemática sobre la aplicación de proyectos de responsabilidad social empresarial en salud en colombia y suramérica de 2011 a 2020

Este estudio es una revisión sistemática sobre responsabilidad social empresarial centrada en el sector salud. Objetivo: Analizar la aplicación de proyectos de responsabilidad social empresarial en salud por medio de la revisión de material bibliográfico en el periodo 2011 a 2020 en Suramérica, identificando los beneficios de esta en el ámbito de la administración. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación con enfoque cualitativo, tipo de estudio descriptivo, en el cual se analizó la información documentada sobre responsabilidad social empresarial en salud y la aplicación de dichos programas. Resultados: Se realizó el análisis de la información y se encontró que a nivel de Latinoamérica, a pesar de que desde hace mucho tiempo se ha venido hablando y abordando el tema de responsabilidad social en salud, hace falta mayor aplicación de esta para que un mayor porcentaje de la población se beneficie de estos proyectos. Discusión: La responsabilidad social empresarial en salud es un tema que se ha venido mencionando y aplicando desde hace unos años, sin embargo, en términos de aplicación es importante resaltar que a nivel de Colombia y Suramérica son pocas las instituciones que desarrollan dichos programas y benefician a poblaciones vulnerables. Conclusiones: A pesar de que los proyectos de responsabilidad social en salud generan beneficios positivos a nivel institucional y poblacional, es de vital importancia generar mayores procesos de sensibilización que conlleven al desarrollo, implementación y análisis de dichos programas esto con el fin de que un mayor porcentaje poblacional se vea beneficiado.

In this study, we will find a systematic review on corporate social responsibility focused on the health sector. Objective: To analyze the application of corporate social responsibility projects in healthcare by reviewing bibliographic material, during the 2011 to 2020 period, in South America, identifying the benefits of this in the field of administration. Methodology: An investigation with a qualitative approach, a type of descriptive study, in which the documented information on corporate social responsibility in healthcare, and the impact of said programs, was analyzed. Results: An analysis of the information was carried out, finding that, at the Latin American level, despite the fact that, for a long time, the issue of social responsibility in healthcare has been discussed and addressed, a greater application of it is needed, so that a greater number of the population benefits from these Projects. Discussion: Corporate social responsibility in healthcare is a topic that has been mentioned and applied for a few years, however, in terms of application, it is important to highlight that at the level of Colombia and South America, there are few institutions that develop such programs for the benefit of vulnerable populations. Conclusions: Despite the fact that social responsibility projects in healthcare generate positive benefits at the institutional and population levels, it is vitally important to generate greater awareness-raising processes that lead to the development, implementation, and analysis of such programs, so that a greater percentage of the population is benefited.

Teorías cognitivas dinámicas o de tercera generación: análisis documental de artículos originales de investigación cualitativa / Dynamic or Third-Generation Cognitive Theories: A Documentary Analysis of Original Qualitative Research Articles

Resumen En los últimos años ha crecido el interés por la búsqueda de evidencia científica sobre el nuevo paradigma de la cognición dinámica, pero la gran mayoría de publicaciones se han hecho a partir de diseños cuantitativos, lo que evidencia que es necesario complementar la investigación con diseños cualitativos. El objetivo del presente manuscrito es valorar la cantidad y calidad de la publicación científica basada en diseños de investigación cualitativos, en el área de las teorías dinámicas de la cognición o teorías cognitivas de tercera generación. Estas teorías proponen que la cognición es un fenómeno corporeizado, extendido, situado y enactivo. Se realizó un análisis documental en las principales bases de datos internacionales sobre artículos científicos con diseño cualitativo. Se seleccionaron catorce (14) artículos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y respondían al objetivo de la revisión. Se encontró que, aunque la investigación cualitativa en este campo es escasa, comparada con la investigación cuantitativa, se observó un potencial de estos diseños en el estudio de las teorías cognitivas dinámicas en distintos ámbitos, a saber, psicología, salud, funcionamiento y discapacidad, educación, actividad física y deporte, arte, lingüística, filosofía de la mente, entre otros. Los resultados y conclusiones de las investigaciones revisadas aportan sustento teórico de la cognición corporeizada, enactiva, extendida y situada, y soportan el objeto de estudio de las ciencias cognitivas emergentes: "el sistema cerebro-cuerpo-en el mundo".

Abstract In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the search for scientific evidence on the new paradigm of dynamic cognition, but the vast majority of publications have been based on quantitative designs, evidencing the need to complement research with qualitative designs. This manuscript aims to assess the quantity and quality of scientific publications based on qualitative research designs in the area of dynamic theories of cognition or third-generation cognitive theories. These theories propose that cognition is an embodied, extended, situated, and enactive phenomenon. A documentary analysis was carried out in the main international databases on scientific articles with qualitative design. Fourteen articles were selected that fully met the inclusion criteria and responded to the objective of the literature review. Although qualitative research in this field is scarce compared to quantitative research, the potential of these designs is observed in the study of dynamic cognitive theories in different fields: psychology, health, functioning and disability, education, physical activity and sport, art, linguistics, philosophy of mind, among others. The results and conclusions of the research reviewed provide theoretical support for embodied, enactive, extended, and situated cognition, and support the object of study of emerging cognitive sciences: "the brain/body-in-the-world system."

A meta-analysis and bibliographic review of the effect of nine factors on online learning outcomes across the world.

The unpredictable pandemic has drastically altered learning approaches, where online learning has been booming. Through VOSviewer, this study visualizes the network of top authors, organizations, sources, and countries that have been devoted to online learning. Through meta-analyses via Stata/MP 14.0, this study identifies nine variables that may exert a significant effect on online learning outcomes during this special pandemic time in various countries and areas. The findings may be generalizable to America, Asia, and Europe. Although relatively fewer publications in Africa have been included, the findings could provide a meaningful reference for African researchers and practitioners. Future research could include more publications from more diversified backgrounds. Online learning design could also keep pace with the development of information technologies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10639-021-10720-y.

Psicología Escolar: interlocución entre las Referencias Técnicas y publicaciones de prácticas / Psicologia escolar: interlocução entre as referências técnicas e publicações de práticas / School psychology: dialogue between technical references and practice publications

Neste artigo discorremos sobre a interlocução entre as "Referências Técnicas para a Atuação de Psicólogas(os) na Educação Básica", documento publicado pelo Conselho Federal de Psicologia, e as publicações de práticas em Psicologia Escolar, considerando as contribuições da área aos processos educacionais que produzem desenvolvimento humano. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma pesquisa bibliográfica sistemática no período de 2009 a 2019 visando identificar a correspondência entre as publicações de práticas de psicólogas(os) no contexto escolar e as propostas apontadas nas Referências Técnicas. O método aplicado foi de Revisão Bibliográfica Sistemática, utilizando-se dos descritores: Psicologia Escolar, Atuação do Psicólogo Escolar e Prática do Psicólogo Escolar. As bases de dados consultadas foram: SciELO, LILACS e CAPES. Concluímos que há exemplos importantes de práticas realizadas no contexto de ensino e aprendizagem que podem servir de referência para diversas intervenções e que se coadunam com as Referências Técnicas.

Este artículo discurre sobre la interlocución entre las "Referencias Técnicas para la Actuación de Psicólogas(os) en la Educación Básica", documento publicado por el Consejo Federal de Psicología, y las publicaciones sobre prácticas en Psicología Escolar, considerando los aportes de dicho campo a los procesos educativos que promueven desarrollo humano. El estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar una investigación bibliográfica sistemática en el periodo entre 2009 y 2019, para identificar cuáles han sido las prácticas de las(os) psicólogas(os) en el contexto escolar y establecer relación con las Referencias Técnicas. El método aplicado fue de Revisión Bibliográfica Sistemática, utilizándose de los descriptores: Psicología Escolar, Actuación del Psicólogo Escolar y Práctica del Psicólogo Escolar. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron: SciELO, LILACS y CAPES. Se concluye que hay ejemplos importantes de prácticas realizadas en el contexto de enseñanza y aprendizaje que pueden servir como referencia para distintas intervenciones, y que coinciden con las Referencias Técnicas.

In this article we discuss the dialogue between the "Technical References for the Performance of Psychologists in Basic Education", a document published by the Federal Council of Psychology, and the publications of practices in School Psychology, considering the contributions of the scope to the educational processes that produce human development. This study aimed to carry out a systematic literature search between 2009 to 2019 in order to identify what psychologists' practices have been in the school context and to establish a relationship with the Technical References. The method applied was Systematic Bibliographic Review, using the descriptors: School Psychology, School Psychologist's Performance and School Psychologist's Practice. The databases consulted were: SciELO, LILACS and CAPES. We conclude that there are important examples of practices carried out in the context of teaching and learning that can serve as a reference for various interventions and that are consistent with the Technical References.

Expressões da violência associada ao corpo gordo: uma revisão bibliográfica qualitativa / Expressions of violence associated with the fat body: a qualitative literature review / Expresiones de violência asociadas al cuerpograso: una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa

Buscando entender quais são as contribuições dos estudos em ciências humanas e sociais sobre violência associada à obesidade/sobrepeso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho qualitativo nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, PepSic durante os meses de dezembro de 2020 a janeiro de 2021, seguida de uma análise temática. Como resultados, tem-se a identificação de seis temas ­trabalho, educação, saúde, social, corpo e mídia ­que possuem núcleos de sentido que permitem compreender o fenômeno de estudo. Conclui-se que a violência associada a obesidade sofre uma forte influência dos padrões estéticos hegemonicamente aceitos, encontrando no discurso médico e de saúde pública argumentos para que pessoas obesas ou com excesso de peso sintam-se marginalizadas e culpabilizadas por suas condições. Entre crianças e jovens, o bullying foi identificado como uma marca nas suas trajetórias de vida, que engendra uma relação intra e interpessoal atravessada por sentimentos de raiva e medo. Entre adultos, a violência produz impactos nas esferas profissionais, familiares e sociais.

Seeking to understand the contributions of studiesin the humanities and social sciences on violence associated with obesity/overweight, a qualitative bibliographic research was conducted in the Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, and PepSic databases between December 2020 and January 2021, followed by a thematic analysis. As a result, six themes were identified -work, education, health, social, body, and media -which have nuclei of meaning that allow us to understand the phenomenon under study. The conclusion is that the violence associated with obesity is strongly influenced by egemonically accepted aesthetic standards, finding in the medical and public health discourse arguments so that obese or overweight people feel marginalized and blamed for their conditions. Among children and young people, bullying was identified as a mark in their life trajectories, which engenders an intra and interpersonal relationship crossed by feelings of anger and fear. Among adults, violence produces impacts in the professional, family, and social spheres. (AU)

Buscando conocer las contribuciones de los estudios en ciencias humanas y sociales sobre la violencia asociada a la obesidad/sobrepeso, se realizó una investigación bibliográfica cualitativa en las bases de datos Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs y PepSic durante los meses de diciembre de 2020 a enero de 2021, seguida de un análisis temático. Como resultado, se identificaron seis temas -trabajo, educación, salud, social, cuerpo y medios de comunicación-que tienen núcleos de significado que permiten comprender el fenómeno estudiado. Se concluye que la violencia asociada a la obesidad está fuertemente influenciada por los estándares estéticos hegemónicamente aceptados, encontrando en el discurso médico y de salud pública argumentos para que las personas obesas o con sobrepeso se sientan marginadas y culpabilizadas por sus condiciones. Entre los niños y jóvenes, el acoso se identificó como una marca en sus trayectorias vitales, que engendra una relación intra e interpersonal atravesada por sentimientos de ira y miedo. Entre los adultos, la violencia tiene repercusiones en las esferas profesional, familiar y social. (AU)

Endophthalmitis: a bibliographic review.

PURPOSE: To analyze the 100 most cited articles pertaining to endophthalmitis using bibliometric analysis. METHODS: An all-time Web of Science literature search and refined to peer-reviewed articles in the field of ophthalmology with the keyword "endophthalmitis" was completed. Total citation count of articles published pertaining to endophthalmitis, topic, incidence rate, publishing journals, year published, language, country of origin, number of authors, names of the first and last authors, study type, and number of patients/eyes studied. RESULTS: The top 100 most cited articles pertaining to endophthalmitis had a mean citation count of 362.92, with a range of 175 to 3583. They were published in 20 peer-reviewed journals, with Ophthalmology publishing the most (n = 42). Thirteen different countries were represented, with the majority (n = 77) originating from the USA. The most common study type was clinical experiences (n = 52), though eight of the top ten were clinical trials. The number of patients varied widely, represented by a mean of 9680, but with a median of only 229. The majority (n = 67) examined the incidence of endophthalmitis which included 24 articles after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections, 18 after ocular surgeries/procedures, 15 after intraocular steroid injections, eight after chemotoxic drug use, and three after ocular injuries. CONCLUSION: This bibliographic study serves as a unique historical analysis of the top 100 cited scholarly articles pertaining to endophthalmitis with many of the articles related to post-procedural endophthalmitis.

A critical review of the applicability of serological screening for Leishmaniasis in blood banks in Brazil.

Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases caused by several species of protozoa. It is a major public health concern in its visceral form, accounting annually for 59,000 deaths, and an estimated 12 million infected patients per year. The importance of VL resides not only in its high incidence and wide distribution but also in the possibility of the disease progressing to the severe and lethal forms, especially in children and immunosuppressed individuals, when associated with malnutrition and concomitant infections. This study is a bibliographical review, aiming to understand the sensitivity and specificity parameters of the tests used to detect Leishmaniasis, as well as to understand if there is any relevance in proposing a serological screening for Leishmaniasis in blood banks. In general, we observed that there are currently several types of tests for detecting Leishmaniasis: parasitological, serological and molecular. In such tests, many serological methods and kits are available for the detection of asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis, but there is variability in sensitivity and specificity among the methods. The gold standard for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis is the parasitological method, through the aspiration of bone marrow, with higher sensitivity by splenic puncture. Due to the relevance of the disease and the available data from research centers, there is evidence to propose a transfusion serological screening for visceral Leishmaniasis, pointing to the need for further studies.

Propiedades psicométricas de un instrumento para evaluar signos y síntomas relacionados con VIH / Psychometric properties of an instrument to evaluate HIV-related signs and symptoms

Objetivo: analizar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento The Revised Sign and Symptom Checklist for HIV (SSC-HIVrev) en función del contexto, las poblaciones y las muestras en que se ha aplicado el instrumento.Método: revisión bibliográfica realizada en las bases CINAHL, PubMed y Scielo de artículos publicados entre 2001 y 2019 en idioma inglés, español o portugués aplicando los conceptos de búsqueda “HIV” AND “Signs and aymptoms” según correspondiese en cada base. Se excluyeron aquellos que no utilizasen el cuestionario SSC-HIVrev o no reportasen sus propiedades psicométricas. Se evaluaron y analizaron los resultados por parte de dos investigadoras. Se extrajeron las distintas propiedades psicométricas.Resultados: se localizaron 1.124 registros de los cuales 16 cumplieron los criterios de selección. Los alfa de Cronbach reportados tras evaluar la consistencia interna oscilaron entre 0,76 y 0,97. Tres estudios reportaron validez de contenido mediante expertos en distintos contextos, uno validez de constructo (capacidad de explicación del 73% de la varianza estableciendo once factores) y uno indicó sensibilidad al cambio adecuada en las escalas de fatiga y depresión.Conclusión: se encontraron valores confiables de alfa de Cronbach (superiores a 0,70) en los distintos contextos donde se ha aplicado el SSC-HIVrev. La validez de contenido, de constructo, discriminante y la sensibilidad al cambio están escasamente estudiadas.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the psychometric properties of The Revised Sign and Symptom Checklist for HIV (SSC-HIVrev) based on the setting, populations and samples where this instrument has been applied.Method: a bibliographic review conducted in the CINAHL, PubMed and Scielo databases, including articles published between 2001 and 2019 in English, Spanish or Portuguese, using the search concepts “HIV” AND “Signs and symptoms”, as relevant in each database. Those articles not using the SSC-HIVrev questionnaire or not reporting their psychometric properties were excluded. Results were assessed and analyzed by two researchers; the different psychometric properties were extracted.Results: in total 1.124 records were located, and 16 of these met the selection criteria. After evaluating internal consistency, the Cronbach’s Alpha values reported ranged between 0.76 and 0.97. Three studies reported content validity through experts in different settings, one reported construct validity (ability of explaining 73% of the variance by determining eleven factors), and one stated adequate sensitivity to change in the fatigue and depression scales.Conclusion: reliable Cronbach’s Alpha values (> 0.70) were found in the different settings where the SSC-HIVrev was applied. There are limited studies about the content validity, construct validity, discriminant validity, and sensitivity to change.(AU)

Revisión bibliográfica sobre la COVID 19 en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón / Bibliographic review on COVID 19 in patients with lung cancer

RESUMEN La COVID 19 es una enfermedad pandémica producida por el virus SARS-CoV-2, tiene dentro de los grupos vulnerables al cáncer de pulmón por presentar una inmunodepresión adquirida por los tratamientos oncoespecíficos administrados y esto conlleva a una mayor exposición a complicaciones si se contrae esta terrible infección que azota al mundo en la actualidad. El objetivo fue exponer los riesgos y complicaciones que tienen los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón que reciben tratamientos oncoespecíficos si se infectan con el SARS-COV-2. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los principales artículos publicados en inglés y en español por autores cubanos y extranjeros en revistas de alto impacto a nivel mundial, información reportada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la red de Infomed y el Ministerio de Salud Pública de Cuba. Se concluyó que los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón no presentan un riesgo superior a la población general para contraer la COVID 19, sí existe cierta evidencia de que estos pacientes puedan sufrir una infección más grave si la adquieren (AU).

SUMMARY COVID-19 is a pandemic disease produced by SARS-CoV-2 virus; the group of patients with lung cancer is vulnerable to this disease because of presenting an acquired immune depression due to administered oncospecific treatments, leading to higher exposition to complications if the patient gets this terrible disease striking worldwide nowadays. The objective of this review was exposing the risk and complications affronted by patients suffering lung cancer with oncospecific treatment if they get infected by SARS-CoV-2. The authors carried out a systematic review of the main articles published in Spanish and English by Cuban and foreign authors in high impact journals around the world, information reported by the World Health Organization, INFOMED and the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba. It was concluded that patients with lung cancer are not at a higher risk of catching COVID-19 than general population; it does exist certain evidence of that these patients could suffer a more serious infection if they get the disease (AU).

Top 100 Cited Articles on Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: A Bibliographic Analysis.

STUDY DESIGN: Bibliographic analysis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to identify the most cited studies on lumbar spondylolisthesis and report their impact in spine field. METHODS: Thomson Reuters Web of Science-Science Citation Index Expanded was searched using title-specific search "spondylolisthesis." All studies published in English language between 1900 and 2019 were included with no restrictions. The top 100 cited articles were identified using "Times cited" arranging articles from high to low according to citation count. Further analysis was made to obtain the following items: article title, author's name and specialty, country of origin, institution, journal of publication, year of publication, citations number, study design. RESULTS: The citation count of the top 100 articles ranged from 68 to 589. All published between 1932 and 2016. Among 20 journals, Spine had the highest number of articles (49), with citation number of 6155 out of 13 618. Second ranked was Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery with 15 articles and total citations of 3023. With regard to the primary author's specialty, orthopedic surgeons contributed to the majority of top 100 list with 82 articles, and neurosurgery was the second specialty with 11 articles. The United States had produced more than half of the list with 59 articles. England was the second country with 7 articles. Surgical management of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis was the most common discussed topic. CONCLUSION: This article identifies the top 100 influential articles on lumbar spondylolisthesis and recognizes an important aspect of knowledge evolution served by leading researchers as they guided today's clinical decision making in spondylolisthesis.

Revisión Bibliográfica sobre la implantología: causas y complicaciones / Bibliographic review on implantology: causes and complications

RESUMEN La implantología es una rama en constante evolución que cada vez presenta técnicas más rápidas, predecibles y mínimamente invasivas; hoy en día es una solución bastante completa para aquellas personas que por distintos motivos han perdido una o más piezas dentales y ha traído grandes avances en el área odontológica. Los avances científicos y tecnológicos, así como la mejora de la praxis quirúrgica, han logrado que la tasa de éxito de los implantes dentales sea superior al 95% después de un año de la colocación de los implantes dentales. Se conoce que el porcentaje de fracaso de estos procedimientos es relativamente bajo. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de actualizar información sobre la importancia de la implantología, sus causas y complicaciones (AU).

SUMMARY Implantology is a branch in constant evolution, presenting every time faster, more predictable and minimally invasive techniques; nowadays it is a very complete solution for those persons that, for any reason, have lost one or more teeth, and has meant great advances in odontology. Scientific and technological advances, and also the improvement of surgical praxis, have made the success rate of dental grafts higher than 95 % after a year of being made. It is known that failure percentage is relatively low. A bibliographic review was carried out with the aim of updating the importance of implantology, its causes and complications (AU).

Consideraciones hipotéticas sobre el comportamiento viral del SARS-Cov-2 (covid-19): enfermedad multisistémica / Hypothetical considerations on the viral behavior of SARS-Cov-2 (covid-19): multisystemic disease

El virus provoca una reacción vascular inflamatoria en el endotelio arterial de varios órganos, entre ellos el pulmón (afectando el intercambio de gases en la membrana alveolo-capilar), de ahí la insuficiencia respiratoria, pero también afecta a otros órganos. Cuando una persona adquiere el nuevo coronavirus, este entra a los pulmones e infecta directamente a los alvéolos, que absorben el aire que respiramos. En casos graves, esos sacos de aire se llenan de líquido, restándole espacio para el oxígeno. Esto es lo que se conoce como neumonía por covid-19. Los alvéolos se infectan y activan el sistema inmunitario, lo que puede conducir a una tormenta de citoquinas. El SARS-Cov-2 también causa coágulos de sangre, lo que ha provocado que personas de entre 30 y 40 años mueran por accidentes cerebrovasculares. La enfermedad inflama los vasos sanguíneos y eventualmente puede dañar las arterias coronarias que llevan sangre al corazón. Entonces, cabe preguntarse: ¿no será que, además de afectar la membrana alvéolo-capilar en el pulmón, e interferir en el intercambio de oxígeno, afecta el endotelio arterial y provoca una microangiopatía diseminada con coagulopatía? Ojalá se encuentre pronto la respuesta. Miles de los mejores científicos del mundo están trabajando para intentar comprender el nuevo coronavirus; han descifrado su código genético y producido decenas de artículos que proponen posibles tratamientos y vacunas. Recomiendo un interesante artículo publicado por los Dres. Alfonso Papa y Giustino Varrassi, que creo que coincide con mi opinión sobre la afectación vascular en el SARS-Cov-2 (covid-19),1 disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341553008. (AU)

The virus causes an inflammatory vascular reaction in the arterial endothelium of various organs, including the lung (affecting gas exchange in the alveolar-capillary membrane), hence the respiratory failure, but it also affects other organs. When a person acquires the new coronavirus, it enters to the lungs and directly infects the alveoli, which absorb the air we breathe. In severe cases, these air sacs fill with fluid, taking up space for oxygen. It is known as covid-19 pneumonia. The alveoli become infected and activate the immune system and can lead to a cytokine storm. SARS-Cov-2 also causes blood clots, which has caused people in their 30s to 40s to die from strokes. The disease inflames the blood vessels and can eventually damage the coronary arteries that carry blood to the heart. So, it is worth asking: Is it not that, in addition to affecting the alveolar-capillary membrane in the lung, and interfering with oxygen exchange, it affects the arterial endothelium and causes disseminated micro-angiopathy with coagulopathy? Hopefully the answers will be found soon. Thousands of the world's best scientists are working to try to understand the new coronavirus. They cracked their genetic code and have produced dozens of articles suggesting possible treatments and vaccines. I add an interesting article published by Drs. Alfonso Papa and Giustino Varrassi. I think it matches my opinion about vascular involvement in SARS-Cov-2 (covid-19),1 available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341553008. (AU)

Review of the main colour vision clinical assessment tests. / Revisión de los principales test clínicos para evaluar la visión del color.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital colour vision deficiencies affect 8% of the male and 0.5% of the female population. The study of colour vision is a complex process due to several factors: the psychophysics of vision itself, the difficulty to establish mathematical models for its analysis, the vague correlation of results between different tests, and the influence of external factors such as lighting, the tests condition, or the experience of the examiner and the patient. In the present document, a simplified review was carried out on the main colour vision tests available in clinical practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Once a filtered preliminary review was made of the bibliography related to the study of colour vision using the PubMed search tool, the most used tests in clinical practice were selected according to their frequency of use and the purpose for which they were applied. A bibliographic study was then carried out on each particular test according to the design of the shown stimuli, its target population, and its sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: From the 95 publications found using the PubMed search tool, in 41 of them, colour tests were used by researchers in their methodology. From the 64 colour tests used, 19 of them were different (with 4 of them being different tests adapted by research groups, and 2 of them carried out online). The most used tests were the following: Ishihara test (10.88%), Farnsworth-Munsell (7.04%), Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue (6.4%), Cambridge Colour Test (3.84%), Hardy-Rand-Rittler (3.2%), tests developed by the groups (2.56%), the Anomaloscope (1.28%), the online tests (1.28%) and, finally, Colour Assessment and Diagnosis (0.64%), Pflüger Trident Colour Plates (0.64%), Toothguide Training Box (0.64%), Lanthony Desaturated D-15 (0.64%), City University Test (0.64%), Universal Colour Discrimination Test (0.64%), and Rabin Cone Contrast Test (0.64%). CONCLUSIONS: The Anomaloscope is the "gold standard" in terms of colour vision testing, despite its incompatibility with daily clinical practice. It is fairly complex to use, difficult to understand for children, and its practice requires having the time available. Nevertheless, it is possible to reach an accurate approximation through the combination of some of the tests listed in this article. The above mentioned tests are a good alternative to determine the presence of dyschromatopsia in settings closer to daily clinical practice or in less controlled settings than a clinical study. The major drawback among the wide range of tests available for the study of colour vision is the difficulty to compare results between tests, since units of the reported data are usually different, and experience is required for its correct interpretation. Currently, there is no consensus on which colour test is the most complete. It is, therefore, advisable to use at least 2 tests in order to ensure diagnoses, and have more extensive information about the visual perception of patients.

La evaluación del rendimiento deportivo en psicología del deporte: una revisión sistemática / The evaluation or sports performance in sports psychology: a systematic review

La presente revisión bibliográfica sistemática tiene como objetivo identificar, describir y sintetizar cómo se ha estudiado el rendimiento deportivo en los artículos empíricos que incluyen variables psicológicas. Se indagó en siete buscadores académicos analizando las características de las revistas, artículos, y diseños implementados. Además, se clasificó las disciplinas deportivas y las medidas de rendimiento deportivo para describir su implicación. Se comprende el rendimiento deportivo como un término polisémico y principalmente sensible a disciplina deportiva siendo necesario un consenso para su operacionalización y avanzar en la comparación y replicación de los estudios empíricos

This systematic literature review aims to identify, describe and synthesize how sports performance has been studied in empirical articles that include psychological variables. It was investigated in seven academic search engines analyzing the characteristics of the magazines, articles, and designs implemented. In addition, sports disciplines and sports performance measures were classified to describe their involvement. Sports performance is understood as a polysemic term and mainly sensitive to sports discipline, a consensus being necessary for its operationalization and advancing in the comparison and replication of empirical studies

Ondas de choque de baja intensidad como alternativa terapéutica de la disfunción eréctil: experiencia inicial en el Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires y revisión de la bibliografía / Low Intensity Shock Waves as a Therapeutic Alternative for Erectile Dysfunction: Initial Experience at the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires and Review of The Literature

Objetivos: los inhibidores de fosfodiesterasa revolucionaron el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil. Las ondas de choque de baja intensidad emergen como una alternativa terapéutica no invasiva. Materiales y métodos: estudio de cohorte prospectiva y observacional, en el que se evaluó la respuesta de 17 pacientes sexualmente activos al tratamiento con ondas de choque de baja intensidad a los 3 y 6 meses, mediante el Indice Internacional de Función Eréctil (IIEF-6), las preguntas 2 y 3 del Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP-2 y SEP-3), y el Erection Hardness Score (EHS) para evaluar la rigidez peneana, así como una evaluación de satisfacción global con el tratamiento (GAQ) y de recomendación del mismo. Resultados: 6 pacientes presentaban disfunción eréctil leve y 11 disfunción eréctil moderada-severa. Ambos grupos mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el IIEF-6, SEP-2, SEP-3 y EHS, a los 3 y 6 meses. Sin embargo, no todos los pacientes se mostraron satisfechos o recomendarían el tratamiento, sobre todo en aquellos con disfunción eréctil moderada-severa previo al tratamiento. Conclusión: las ondas de choque de baja intensidad son un tratamiento emergente para la disfunción eréctil, aunque aun sin evidencia clara de su eficacia e indicaciones. Los dispares resultados de los grupos se han debido probablemente a la heterogeneidad de las condiciones basales de los pacientes.(AU)

Objectives: Iphosphodiesterase inhibitors revolutionized the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Low intensity shockwave therapy emerge as a non-invasive therapeutic alternative. Materials and methods: this was a prospective and observational study, in which 17 sexually active patients were evaluated 3 and 6 months after treatment with low intensity shockwave therapy, using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-6), questions 2 and 3 of the Sexual Encounter Profile (SEP-2 and SEP-3), and the Erection Hardness Score (EHS) to assess penile rigidity, as well as a global satisfaction evaluation with the treatment (GAQ) and if they would recommend it to others. Results: 6 patients showed mild erectile dysfunction and 11 moderatesevere erectile dysfunction. Both groups showed statistically significant differences in IIEF-6, SEP-2, SEP-3 and EHS, after 3 and 6 months. However, not all of them were satisfied with the treatment or would recommend it to others, especially those with moderate-severe basal erectile dysfunction. Conclusion: low intensity shockwave therapy is an emergent treatment for erectile dysfunction, although there is no sufficient evidence of its efficacy and indications. The differences between groups were due probably to the heterogeneity of the basal conditions of the patients.(AU)

Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland.

Salivary gland tumours are estimated to represent approximately 3% of all head and neck tumours. About 70-80% of these neoplasms occur in the major salivary glands, with the parotid gland being the most commonly affected site. The metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma (MPA) has histological characteristics of pleomorphic adenoma, but it has the capacity to generate local recurrences and distant metastases (mainly bones, lungs, and lymph nodes). Despite the fact that some authors consider it to be a benign neoplasia, the 2015 World Health Organisation (WHO) classification of head and neck tumours considers it to be malignant. We present a highly unusual case of metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland and a bibliographic review.