Exploring the intersection of gender identity and homoparental family structure: Implications for educational, family and personal well-being in Spanish students.

This study explores the relationship among self-perceived gender, family type (heteroparental or homoparental) and socioeconomic factors concerning various educational, family and personal well-being domains. The data are derived from a large sample of 69,088 students from 465 schools (65% public; 35% private or semi-private) in Spain. Five separate multi-level generalized mixed (logistic or linear) regression models were calculated. Key findings include that non-binary students from homoparental families reported lower evaluations in multiple dimensions, suggesting the need for additional support. Likewise, students from homoparental families exhibited lower personal well-being and family relationship assessments, possibly due to perceived social stigmatization and peer bullying. This study sheds light on the complexities of gender identity and family type in educational settings, emphasizing the importance of addressing these issues for students' well-being and academic success.

Having children in cross-border contexts: late-family formation among homoparental families in Spain / Ter filhos em contextos transfronteiriços: formação familiar tardia entre famílias homoparentais na Espanha

Abstract Considered until recently unfit to rear children, non-heterosexual people have been excluded from forming families in most countries. Many, worldwide, demand access to family formation, claiming the same aptitudes as heterosexual people for raising children. However, when non-heterosexual singles and couples want to become parents in Spain, they must consider transnational contexts, resorting to inter-country adoption or surrogacy abroad, processes that contribute to delay their family formation. They must consider not only Spanish sociocultural conditions, but other countries' legal restrictions regarding parents' gender, social status, and sexual identity. These families experience great difficulty in gaining access to reproductive health services. Based on multi-site ethnographic fieldwork, this text addresses how, despite legislative changes allowing homoparental family formation in Spain, these parents must overcome complex bureaucratic processes when they decide to have children, while facing homophobic attitudes and policies in their quests to become parents.

Resumo Até recentemente as pessoas não heterossexuais foram consideradas inadequadas para criar seus filhos, sendo excluídas da formação de famílias na maioria dos países. Em todo o mundo, estas pessoas exigem acesso à formação familiar, destacando as mesmas competências que as pessoas heterossexuais possuem para os criar seus filhos. No entanto, quando pessoas solteiras e casais não heterossexuais consideram tornar-se pais na Espanha, devem pensar em contextos transnacionais para ter filhos através da adoção ou sub-rogação em outros países, contribuindo para atrasar a sua parentalidade. Elas devem considerar não só as condições socioculturais da Espanha, mas também as dos países de destino em aspectos como gênero, classe social e orientação sexual. Estas famílias enfrentam grandes dificuldades no acesso aos serviços de saúde reprodutiva. Por meio de uma abordagem etnográfica multissituada, este artigo aborda como, apesar das alterações legislativas que permitem a formação de famílias homoparentais na Espanha, estes pais e mães devem superar complicados processos burocráticos e enfrentar atitudes e políticas de exclusão social quando decidem ter os seus filhos e filhas.

Homoparentalidade: um diálogo com a produção acadêmica no Brasil / Homoparenthood: a dialogue with the academic production in Brazil

Este estudo objetiva discutir a produção acadêmica no campo do conhecimento científico brasileiro sobre a homoparentalidade. Foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados do Scielo e do Google Acadêmico, utilizando o descritor "homoparentalidade". Verificamos que é recente e incipiente a discussão sobre a temática da homoparentalidade no Brasil, pois foram encontrados somente 19 artigos científicos publicados no período de 2005 a 2013. O termo é bastante novo, em termos históricos, e parece estar adentrando o campo científico recentemente. A psicologia é a área de atuação que mais pesquisa sobre homoparentalidade. Analisando os resultados das pesquisas existentes, percebemos que o tema em questão ainda é muito cercado por preconceitos, rótulos e estigmas.

This study aims to discuss academic production in the Brazilian scientific knowledge field about homoparenthood. A research was conducted in the Scielo and Google Scholar databases, using the descriptor "homoparenthood". We find that is new and incipient discussion on the theme of homoparenthood in Brazil, as found only 19 papers published in the period 2005 to 2013. The term is fairly new, in historical terms, and seems to be pushing into the scientific field recently. The sphere of activity more research on homoparenthood is psychology. Analyzing the results from the researches, it is seen that the subject in question is still surrounded by preconceptions, labels and stigmas.

La familia homoparental en la realidad y la diversidad familiar actual / Homoparental family in real life and current family diversity

Son muchas las definiciones de familia desde algunas clásicas como que es "la célula o núcleo básico de la sociedad, la institución social primaria, un subsistema social o una relación social", hasta otras más complejas que, la consideran un grupo de personas relacionadas entre sí y que viven juntas. La familia es el grupo de intermediación entre el individuo, la comunidad y la sociedad. Es la familia, a pesar de las grandes transformaciones del mundo contemporáneo, hábitat natural del ser humano. En el presente siglo XXI, la familia se diversifica estructuralmente y una de las variantes de familia nuclear, puede ser las homoparentales, las cuales, están formadas por padres con orientación sexual homosexual; y si bien no se trata de un fenómeno nuevo, es en la actualidad donde se vive una intensa aceleración a partir del reconocimiento legal del matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo en muchas naciones. Las familias homoparentales están capacitadas para educar y criar satisfactoriamente a sus hijos e hijas. La orientación sexual de los progenitores, no es un indicador que sirva para evaluar la función educadora de los padres y madres. Padres e hijos de las familias homoparentales, deben apropiarse de elementos resilientes, que les permitan crecerse, ante cualquier manifestación social, potencialmente negativa hacia ellos (AU).

There are many definitions of a family, from some classic ones like that saying that it is ". the basic cell or nucleus of the society, the primary social institution, a social sub-system and a social relation", to others, more complexes, considering it a group of inter-related persons living together. The family is the intermediary group between the individual, community and society. It is, despite the great transformation of the contemporary world, the natural habitat of the human being. In the current century, the family gets structurally diverse, and one of the variants of the nuclear family may be the homoparental one, that is formed by parents with homosexual sexual orientation. Although it is not a new phenomenon, it is nowadays when it is having an intense acceleration beginning from the legal recognition of the marriage between persons of the same sex in many nations. Homoparental families are able to educate and grow their children up satisfactorily. Parents´ sexual orientation is not an indicator useful to assess the educative function of the parents. Parents and children of homoparental families should incorporate resilient elements allowing affronting any potentially negative social manifestation against them (AU).

La familia homoparental en la realidad y la diversidad familiar actual / Homoparental family in real life and current family diversity

Son muchas las definiciones de familia desde algunas clásicas como que es "la célula o núcleo básico de la sociedad, la institución social primaria, un subsistema social o una relación social", hasta otras más complejas que, la consideran un grupo de personas relacionadas entre sí y que viven juntas. La familia es el grupo de intermediación entre el individuo, la comunidad y la sociedad. Es la familia, a pesar de las grandes transformaciones del mundo contemporáneo, hábitat natural del ser humano. En el presente siglo XXI, la familia se diversifica estructuralmente y una de las variantes de familia nuclear, puede ser las homoparentales, las cuales, están formadas por padres con orientación sexual homosexual; y si bien no se trata de un fenómeno nuevo, es en la actualidad donde se vive una intensa aceleración a partir del reconocimiento legal del matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo en muchas naciones. Las familias homoparentales están capacitadas para educar y criar satisfactoriamente a sus hijos e hijas. La orientación sexual de los progenitores, no es un indicador que sirva para evaluar la función educadora de los padres y madres. Padres e hijos de las familias homoparentales, deben apropiarse de elementos resilientes, que les permitan crecerse, ante cualquier manifestación social, potencialmente negativa hacia ellos (AU).

There are many definitions of a family, from some classic ones like that saying that it is ". the basic cell or nucleus of the society, the primary social institution, a social sub-system and a social relation", to others, more complexes, considering it a group of inter-related persons living together. The family is the intermediary group between the individual, community and society. It is, despite the great transformation of the contemporary world, the natural habitat of the human being. In the current century, the family gets structurally diverse, and one of the variants of the nuclear family may be the homoparental one, that is formed by parents with homosexual sexual orientation. Although it is not a new phenomenon, it is nowadays when it is having an intense acceleration beginning from the legal recognition of the marriage between persons of the same sex in many nations. Homoparental families are able to educate and grow their children up satisfactorily. Parents´ sexual orientation is not an indicator useful to assess the educative function of the parents. Parents and children of homoparental families should incorporate resilient elements allowing affronting any potentially negative social manifestation against them (AU).