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Las maloclusiones representan un problema de salud bucodental, que se resuelven mediante la colocación de aparatología ortodóncica fija (AOF). Esta aparatología provoca corrosión y liberación de iones metálicos por las aleaciones que la constituyen y por el tiempo prolongado del tratamiento. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las alteraciones citotóxicas y genotóxicas de las células de la mucosa oral provocadas por el uso de AOF, reportadas en la literatura y evaluadas con ensayo de micronúcleos (MN); el cual es uno de los ensayos más utilizados para identificar el daño al ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN). Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de los últimos 10 años, donde se incluye- ron nueve estudios, el 55% de estos mostró evidencia de daño citotóxico y genotóxico posterior a la terapia ortodóncica. El promedio de incremento de MN debido al uso de AOF en estos estudios, fue tres veces mayor con respecto a las células bucales sin trata- miento, este dato es similar a reportes de células orales precancerosas investigadas por otros autores. Además los artículos evaluados, reportaron alteración celular a partir de la primera semana de la colocación de los dispositivos y señalaron que hay una disminu- ción del daño con el tiempo de exposición. En conclusión, el ensayo de MN utilizado en la cavidad bucal demostró ser útil para detectar alteraciones en el ADN debido al uso de AOF. Los datos analizados permiten a los ortodoncistas implementar mejoras en la terapéutica ortodóncica.
Malocclusions represent an oral health problem, which is resolved by the placement of fixed orthodontic appliances (FOA). This orthodontic appliance causes corrosion and release of metal ions due to the alloys they constitute and due to the prolonged time of treatment. The objective of this work was to analyze the cytotoxic and genotoxic altera- tions from oral mucosa cells, caused by the use of FOA, reported in the literature and evaluated with micronucleus (MN) test, which is one of the most widely used tests to identify damage to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). A review of the literature of the last 10 years was carried out, where nine studies were included, 55% of these studies showed evidence of cytotoxic and genotoxic damage after orthodontic therapy. The increased average in MN due to the use of FOA in these studies, represent values of approximately three-fold more respect to oral cells without treatment, this data is similar to reports of precancerous oral cells that have been reported by other authors. Besides, the articles analyzed reported cell alterations after the first week of the devices placement and indica- ted a decrease in damage with exposure time. In conclusion, the MN test used in the oral cavity was useful in detecting DNA alterations due to the use of FOA. The data analyzed allow orthodontists to implement improvements in orthodontic therapy.
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Assessments of ecosystem service and function losses of wetlandscapes (i.e., wetlands and their hydrological catchments) suffer from knowledge gaps regarding impacts of ongoing hydro-climatic change. This study investigates hydro-climatic changes during 1976-2015 in 25 wetlandscapes distributed across the world's tropical, arid, temperate and cold climate zones. Results show that the wetlandscapes were subject to precipitation (P) and temperature (T) changes consistent with mean changes over the world's land area. However, arid and cold wetlandscapes experienced higher T increases than their respective climate zone. Also, average P decreased in arid and cold wetlandscapes, contrarily to P of arid and cold climate zones, suggesting that these wetlandscapes are located in regions of elevated climate pressures. For most wetlandscapes with available runoff (R) data, the decreases were larger in R than in P, which was attributed to aggravation of climate change impacts by enhanced evapotranspiration losses, e.g. caused by land-use changes.
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Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant disease with a high prevalence worldwide. The main cause of death is not the primary tumor, but instead the spread of tumor cells to distant sites. The aim of the present study was to examine a new method for the detection of cancer cells in aqueous medium using bioimpedance spectroscopy assisted with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP's) exposure to a constant magnetic field. The spectroscopic patterns were identified for three breast cancer cell lines. Each BC cell line represents a different pathologic stage: the early stage (MCF-7), invasive phase (MDA-MB-231) and metastasis (SK-BR-3). For this purpose, bioimpedance measurements were carried out at a certain frequency range with the aid of nanoprobes, consisting of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coupled to a monoclonal antibody. The antibody was specific for the predominant cell surface protein for each cell line, which was identified by using RT-qPCR and flow cytometry. Accordingly, EpCAM corresponds to MCF-7, MUC-1 to MDA-MB-231, and HER-2 to SK-BR-3. Despite their low concentrations, BC cells could be detected by impedance spectroscopy. Hence, this methodology should permit the monitoring of circulating tumor cells (CTC) and therefore help to prevent recurrences and metastatic processes during BC treatment.
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Técnicas Biosensibles , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/métodos , Molécula de Adhesión Celular Epitelial/genética , Mucina-1/genética , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/metabolismo , Receptor ErbB-2/genética , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/química , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/genética , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Espectroscopía Dieléctrica , Molécula de Adhesión Celular Epitelial/metabolismo , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática , Células MCF-7 , Campos Magnéticos , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Mucina-1/metabolismo , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes/patología , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismoRESUMEN
Resumen: Dos de los grandes retos en la biología de las Células Madre (CM) y la Medicina Regenerativa, son el control en la diferenciación de estas células y asegurar la pureza de las células diferenciadas, por lo que es necesario contar con técnicas rápidas, eficientes y precisas para la caracterización de CM y su diferenciación a diferentes linajes celulares. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar Células Madre Pluripotentes (CMP) y Células Pancreáticas Diferenciadas (CPD) mediante espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR) y Análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP). Para ello se diferenciaron CMP a CPD, caracterizando el proceso de diferenciación a los días 0, 11, 17 y 21 mediante microscopía óptica y espectroscopia vibracional. Los espectros FTIR se analizaron con el método multivariado de ACP, utilizando su segunda derivada en las regiones de proteínas, carbohidratos y ribosas. Los resultados indican que el ACP permite caracterizar y discriminar CMP y CPD en sus diferentes etapas de diferenciación en las regiones espectrales analizadas. Con lo anterior concluimos que el ACP permite caracterizar química y estructuralmente CMP y diferentes etapas de su diferenciación en una forma rápida, precisa y no invasiva.
Abstract: Two of the greatest challenges in Stem Cells (SCs) biology and regenerative medicine, are differentiation control of SCs and ensuring the purity of differentiated cells. In this sense, fast, efficient and accurate techniques for SCs characterization and their differentiation into different cell lineages are needed. The aim of this study was to analyse Pluripotent Stem Cells (PSCs) and Differentiated Pancreatic Cells (DPCs) by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). For this purpose, we differentiated PSCs toward DPCs, characterizing the differentiation process at different stages (0, 11, 17 and 21 days) through light microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy. FTIR spectra were analysed with the multivariate method of PCA, using the second derivatives in the protein, carbohydrate and ribose regions. The results indicate that the PCA allows to characterize and discriminate PSCs and DPCs at different stages of differentiation in the analysed spectral regions. From these results, we concluded that the PCA allows the chemically and structural characterization of PSCs and the different stages of their differentiation in a fast, accurate and non-invasive way.
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The objective of the study was to assess the clinical, histopathological and immunochemical changes induced by dialyzable leukocyte extract (DLE) treatment in patients with chronic cervicitis associated to HPV infection. Fifty-four female Mexican patients diagnosed with chronic cervicitis, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN 1) and HPV infection were divided into two groups: patients treated with placebo and patients treated with DLE. Clinical and colposcopy evaluations were performed before and after treatments. Cervix biopsies were obtained to analyze histopathological features and to determine the local immunological changes by immunohistochemistry analyses. Placebo-treated patients showed no significant changes in the evaluated parameters. Interestingly, in DLE-treated patients, clinical manifestations of cervicitis diminished and 89% of them remitted the colposcopic lesions. Histological analyses of biopsies from DLE-treated patients showed a decreasing leukocyte infiltrate. Immunochemical analyses showed an increased expression of TGF-ß, while expression of IFN-γ, PCNA, and IL-32 decreased. Our results suggest that DLE can stimulate innate immunity of cervical mucosae, diminishing chronic cervicitis in HPV-infected patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Register ISRCTN16429164 Abbreviations: HPV = Human Papilloma Virus; DLE = Dialyzable leukocyte extract.
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Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Factor de Transferencia/uso terapéutico , Cervicitis Uterina/complicaciones , Cervicitis Uterina/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Biopsia , Cuello del Útero/diagnóstico por imagen , Cuello del Útero/patología , Enfermedad Crónica , Colposcopía , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Interleucinas/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula en Proliferación/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Cervicitis Uterina/diagnóstico por imagen , Cervicitis Uterina/patología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are more than 1,000 million overweight adults world-wide. Furthermore, obesity is characterized as an overgrowth of white adipose tissue as a result of adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Mitochondria is considered the source of energy within the adipocyte, since it contains the molecular machinery, and it is involved in a large number of metabolic pathways, besides the transformation of chemical energy into adenosine triphosphate. Mitochondria shortage and adipocyte dysfunction result in an excessive accumulation of triacylglycerol in the cytoplasm, which determines an imbalance between energy production and energy expenditure. Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol found in different plants and its effects have been associated with mitochondrial biogenesis. An adipogenesis in vitro model (3T3-L1 preadipocytes) was used, and these cells were differentiated into mature adipocytes. Subsequently the effect of RSV on the adipocytes morphology, the lipid content and mitochondrial activity was evaluated using microscopic and flow cytometry techniques. The effect of RSV on differentiated mature adipocytes, was characterized by the decrease in lipid content and the consequently declination of the mitochondrial activity. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes retained the differentiation ability until passage 18. The RSV at doses of 25 and 50 µM for 48 hours in differentiated mature adipocytes promoted the decreased in lipid content probably due to an increase in mitochondrial activity in the early hours of RSV exposure, causing the consequently declination of mitochondrial activity at the end of 48 hours.
La obesidad ha tomado dimensiones epidémicas globales y la Organización Mundial de la Salud estima que hay más de 1,000 millones de adultos con sobrepeso. Así mismo, la obesidad se ha caracterizado como la expansión del tejido adiposo blanco condicionada por la hipertrofia e/o hiperplasia de los adipocitos. La mitocondria es considerada la fuente de energía dentro del adipocito, debido a que contiene la maquinaria molecular que dirige, a través de diversas vías metabólicas, la transformación de la energía química en adenosíntrifosfato. La escasez de mitocondrias así como su disfunción en el adipocito, resulta en una acumulación excesiva de triacilgliceroles en el citoplasma, lo que condiciona un desequilibrio entre producción de energía y gasto energético. El resveratrol (RSV) es un polifenol que se encuentra en diferentes grupos de plantas y sus efectos se han asociado con la inducción de genes para la biogénesis mitocondrial. Se empleó un modelo de adipogénesis (in vitro) materializado por una línea celular de preadipocitos 3T3-L1, mismos que se diferenciaron a adipocitos maduros. Posteriormente se evaluó el efecto del RSV sobre la morfología, contenido lipídico y actividad mitocondrial en los adipocitos maduros diferenciados a través de las técnicas: microscopía invertida, confocal y citometría de flujo. El efecto del RSV sobre los adipocitos maduros diferenciados, se caracterizó por la disminución del contenido lipídico y consecuentemente de la actividad mitocondrial. Los preadipocitos 3T3-L1 conservaron la capacidad de diferenciación hasta el pase 18. Por otra parte, el resveratrol a dosis de 25 y 50 µM durante 48 horas en adipocitos maduros diferenciados, promueve una disminución en el contenido lipídico probablemente debido a un aumento de la actividad mitocondrial en las primeras horas de exposición al tratamiento, provocando la disminución de la actividad mitocondrial al término de 48 horas.
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Animales , Ratones , Adipocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Estilbenos/farmacología , Células 3T3-L1 , Células Cultivadas , Citometría de Flujo , MitocondriasRESUMEN
Diversos grupos han propuesto el procesamiento de imágenes termográficas para detección de Cáncer de Mama (CaMa). Angiogénesis y vascularización dependientes del ciclo menstrual, edad e Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) modifican la temperatura absoluta en la superficie tisular sin estar necesariamente asociadas a malignidad, en éste estudio proponemos la Termografía Tisular Diferenciada (TTD) en mama con respecto a su contralateral en espejo con el fin de observar diferencias térmicas características de malignidad. El presente trabajo evalúa la posibilidad de emplear la TTD como potencial técnica para asistir la detección de CaMa. Se muestrearon 110 mujeres voluntarias entre 40 y 60 años de edad segmentadas en dos grupos experimentales: grupo sanas (n=90) y grupo con CaMa (n=20) previamente diagnosticadas por mastografía e histopatología. Imágenes termográficas de ambas mamas fueron adquiridas con una cámara infrarroja y se estimó la TTD en relación a la mama contralateral de la misma paciente, se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad y especificidad y se comparó con el diagnóstico radiológico a través de curvas ROC tomando como referencia el diagnóstico histopatológico. La TTD en mama mostró rangos dinámicos diferenciables entre condiciones de malignidad respecto a benignidad. El análisis ROC mostró valores de sensibilidad y especificidad para el estimado TTD del 70% y 54% mientras que para el diagnóstico radiológico fue del 70% y 96%, respectivamente. La TTD muestra viabilidad técnica para asistir la detección de CaMa.
Several groups have proposed thermographic image processing for Breast Cancer (BC) detection. Angiogenesis and vascularization of menstrual cycle dependent, as well as age and Body Mass Index change the absolute temperature in the tissue surface without necessarily being associated with malignancy. We have proposed the Differentiated Tissue Thermography (DTT) in breast regarding its contralateral mirror in order to observe differences in temperature characteristics of malignancy. This study evaluates the possibility of using breast DTT as a potential technique to assist the detection of BC. We sampled 110 female volunteers between 40 and 60 years old segmented into two experimental groups: healthy group (n=90) and BC group (n=20), which were diagnosed by mammography and histopathology. Thermal images of both breasts were acquired with an infrared camera and the DTT was estimated relative to its contralateral breast in the same patient. A sensitivity and specificity analysis was developed and the DTT was compared with the radiological diagnosis by ROC curves with the histopathological report as reference. The DTT values showed distinguishable dynamic ranges between malignant and healthy conditions. ROC analysis showed sensitivity and specificity values for DTT of 70% and 54% while for the radiological diagnosis was 70% and 96% respectively. DTT showed technical viability to assist BC detection.
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Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent malignancy among women worldwide and has been associated with high mortality because of the late treatment of the disease. Our group has proposed a selective ablation of breast cancer cells by the use of magnetic fields assisted by magnetic nanoparticles. The principle is to increase the conductivity of tumoral tissue by the use of a bioconjugated "nanoparticle-antibody" that recognizes specific antigens on the surface of the cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the c-erbB-2 antigen in breast cancer cells of type BT-474, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 as a possible target for the use of magnetic nanoparticles coupled to a specific Monoclonal Antibody (Mab). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry were used to estimate the relative expressions of the c-erbB-2 gene and the c-erbB-2 antigen in the cell lines, respectively. A covalent union of magnetic nanoparticles to anti c-erbB-2 Mab was used to develop the bioconjugate. Fluorescence microscopy was used to determine the cells that were tagged by the bioconjugate. The results show a well-differentiated relative expression of c-erbB-2 in the studied cell lines and are qualitatively in agreement with the fluorescent marking by the magnetic nanoparticles. The selected breast cancer cells appear to be suitable for experimental evaluation of selective targeting by magnetic nanoparticles.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Femenino , Humanos , Microscopía FluorescenteRESUMEN
Debido al auge de la medicina regenerativa, las Células Madre (SC) representan una fuente de reemplazo celular para cualquier tejido, decidiendo emprender este trabajo de investigación con el objetivo de diferenciar células madre embrionarias de ratón (mESC) a células pancreáticas tempranas, realizando su caracterización génica y morfológica. Primeramente se cultivaron y arrestaron en su ciclo celular fibroblastos embrionarios de ratón (MEF) con mitomicina, posteriormente se expandieron las mESC y se sometieron a un protocolo de diferenciación de 21 días hacía células pancreáticas tempranas, evaluándose durante la diferenciación su morfología y expresión relativa de los genes sox-17, pdx-1, ins-1 e ins-2, determinando además la producción de las proteínas insulina y glucagón mediante inmunocitoquímica y citometría de flujo. Se obtuvieron cuerpos embrionarios (EBs) a partir de mESC, con características morfológicas diferentes de acuerdo a su diferenciación, los cuales expresaron genes de la línea germinal endodérmica (sox-17 y pdx-1) a los días 0, 11 y 17 de diferenciación, gen inductor del desarrollo embrionario pancreático (pdx-1) al día 11 de diferenciación y, genes de expresión pancreática (ins-1 e ins-2) a los días 17 y 21 de diferenciación. Finalmente se detectó la producción de proteínas insulina y glucagón en los EBs al día 21 de diferenciación. Se logró diferenciar mESC. El análisis morfológico evidenció cúmulos celulares tridimensionales correspondientes a EBs. Con el análisis de los patrones de expresión génica, se distinguieron inicialmente células con características genéticas de endodermo y posteriormente a partir del día 17 células pancreáticas tempranas, las cuales al día 21 de diferenciación expresaron las proteínas insulina y glucagón...
Due to the boom in regenerative medicine, Stem Cells (SC) represent a source of cell replacement to any tissue, we decided to undertake this research with the objective of differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) to early pancreatic cells, developing their genetic and morphological characterization. Initially Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) were grown and arrested in their cell cycle with mitomycin, subsequently mouse embryonic SC (mESC) were expanded and subjected in to a pancreatic cell differentiation protocol of 21 days. During differentiation, morphology and the relative expression of sox-17, pdx-1, Ins-1 and Ins-2 genes were assessed, also the production of insulin and glucagon proteins was determinated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Embryoid bodies (EBs) were obtained from mESC, with different morphological characteristics according to their differentiation, which expressed endodermal germ line genes (sox-17 y pdx-1) at days 0, 11 and 17 of differentiation, an inductor gene of embryonic pancreas development (pdx-1) was detected at day 11 of differentiation. Pancreas genes (ins-1 e ins-2) were expressed at day 17 and 21 of differentiation. Finally the production of insulin and glucagon proteins was detected on the EBS at day 21 of differentiation. In conclusion, the mESC differentiation was achieved. The morphological analysis evidenced three-dimensional cell clusters corresponding to EBs. Analysis of the gene expression patterns in the differentiation process, cells initially showed genetic characteristics of endoderm and thereafter from day 17 of differentiation characteristics of early pancreatic cells which by day 21 of differentiation expressed insulin and glucagon proteins...
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Animales , Ratones , Diferenciación Celular , Células Madre Embrionarias/fisiología , Células Secretoras de Insulina/fisiología , Citometría de Flujo , Inmunohistoquímica , Insulina/biosíntesis , Páncreas/citología , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la PolimerasaRESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of blood group antigens in squamous bronchial metaplasia in order to determine whether this factor could identify patients at risk of lung cancer. In total, 100 bronchial biopsies were included in the present study. The cases were classified according to the World Health Organization grading system. Immunohistochemical stains for histo-blood groups A and B, and reactivity tests to p53 and the cellular proliferation index were performed. A total of 56 (56%) patients belonged to blood group A. Among them, six (10.7%) patients who did not express antigen in squamous metaplasia, showed carcinoma at the moment of the biopsy (n = 3) or developed synchronous lung carcinoma (n = 3). A total of nine (9%) patients belonged to blood group B. Loss of antigenic expression was observed in five cases. All of them developed synchronous lung carcinoma. The patients with low- and high-grade dysplasia developed lung cancer in 71 and 100% of the cases, respectively. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that the loss of histo-blood antigens expression is an event in the carcinogenesis of bronchial mucosa and it is usually associated with high-grade lesions and hyperproliferative activity.
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Sistema del Grupo Sanguíneo ABO/análisis , Bronquios/química , Neoplasias de los Bronquios/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Bronquios/patología , Neoplasias de los Bronquios/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Metaplasia/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/análisisRESUMEN
We assessed the clinicopathological features of solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura in a case series comprising 30 patients (20 women, 66.6%) with a mean age of 58.39 years. Forty-five percent of the cases were asymptomatic. In 70% of the cases the tumors arose in the visceral pleura. Twenty percent presented multiple tumors, a finding that was associated with intrapulmonary localization and malignant behavior (P<.0001) Histology revealed low cell density in 15% of the cases, moderate density in 50%, and high density in 35%; further findings showed atypia in 45% of the cases, necrosis in 25%, and hemorrhage in 15%. More than 4 mitoses per 10 high-power fields were noted in 30% of the cases. Immunohistochemistry results were positive for vimentin in all cases; cells were CD34+ in 85% of the cases, BCL2+ in 65%, and CD99+ in 40%. Findings for keratin and protein S100 were negative in all cases. Malignant biological behavior (local recurrence and metastasis) was observed in 4 cases, 2 of which were CD34-. Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura are uncommon neoplasms with unpredictable biological behavior; follow-up should therefore be based on early detection of recurrence or metastasis.
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Neoplasias de Tejido Fibroso/patología , Neoplasias Pleurales/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Hemos evaluado las características clinicopatológicas del tumor fibroso solitario pleural en una serie de 30 casos. El 70% de los pacientes eran mujeres. El promedio de edad fue de 58,39 años. El 45% de los casos fueron asintomáticos. La localización más frecuente fue la pleura visceral (70%). En el 20% de los casos se observaron tumoraciones múltiples y se asociaron a localización intrapulmonar (p < 0,0001). Histológicamente mostraron densidad celular escasa en el 15% de los casos, moderada en el 50% e intensa en el 35%; atipia en el 45%; necrosis en el 25%; hemorragia en el 15%, y mitosis mayor de 4 por 10 campos en el 30%. La inmuhistoquímica mostró positividad para vimentina (100%), CD34 (85%), BCL2 (65%) y CD99 (40%), y negatividad en el 100% de los casos para queratinas y la proteína S100. Cuatro pacientes presentaron un comportamiento biológico maligno (recurrencia local y metástasis); en 2 de ellos el CD34 había sido negativo. El tumor fibroso solitario pleural es una neoplasia poco común de comportamiento biológico impredecible, por lo que el seguimiento debe centrarse en la detección precoz de la recurrencia o de metástasis
We assessed the clinicopathological features of solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura in a case series comprising 30 patients (20 women, 66.6%) with a mean age of 58.39 years. Forty-five percent of the cases were asymptomatic. In 70% of the cases the tumors arose in the visceral pleura. Twenty percent presented multiple tumors, a finding that was associated with intrapulmonary localization and malignant behavior (P<.0001) Histology revealed low cell density in 15% of the cases, moderate density in 50%, and high density in 35%; further findings showed atypia in 45% of the cases, necrosis in 25%, and hemorrhage in 15%. More than 4 mitoses per 10 high-power fields were noted in 30% of the cases. Immunohistochemistry results were positive for vimentin in all cases; cells were CD34+ in 85% of the cases, BCL2+ in 65%, and CD99+ in 40%. Findings for keratin and protein S100 were negative in all cases. Malignant biological behavior (local recurrence and metastasis) was observed in 4 cases, 2 of which were CD34. Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura are uncommon neoplasms with unpredictable biological behavior; follow-up should therefore be based on early detection of recurrence or metastasis
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Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Humanos , Nódulo Pulmonar Solitario/patología , Neoplasias Pleurales/patología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Metástasis de la Neoplasia/prevención & control , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Bronchial glands have been regarded as modified salivary glands. It is well known that there no previous reviews concerning the antigenic profile of the bronchial wall. The aim of this study is a systematic survey of the antigenic profile and to describe the histology of normal human bronchial glands. Six formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical specimens were studied using a panel of 22 polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method. Bronchial glands disclosed a tubuloacinar structure. The smallest ducts intercalated originated from a cluster of secretory acini and converge to form an excretory duct. No striated duct was observed. Acinar united is composed by mucous, serous and mixed units. Myoepithelial cells are found in relation to the intercalated ducts and secretory acinis. Secretory cells of bronchial glands reacted strongly with cytokeratin AE1 and moderately for CK7, CK18. Additionally, serous acinar cells reacted with AE3, CK19, CK5/6/8/18, CK8/18/19, and Leu7. Myoepithelial cells reacted strongly with a-smooth muscle actin, CD10 and CK34betaE12. Ductal system cells differed from acinar secretory cells in expressing CK34betaE12 and HSP27. In conclusion, the detailed knowledge of the immunohistochemical reactivities of normal cell types of normal human bronchial glands will prove useful in studies of bronchial pathology, especially of neoplastic processes.
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Biomarcadores/análisis , Bronquios/química , Actinas/análisis , Antígenos/análisis , Bronquios/citología , Bronquios/inmunología , Glándulas Exocrinas/química , Glándulas Exocrinas/inmunología , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP27 , Proteínas HSP70 de Choque Térmico/análisis , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/análisis , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Filamentos Intermedios/metabolismo , Queratina-7 , Queratinas/análisis , Chaperonas Moleculares , Músculo Liso/química , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análisis , Neprilisina/análisis , Proteínas S100/análisisRESUMEN
Long-term exposure to benzene vapors is associated with hematological diseases such as leukemia, lymphoma and aplastic anemia. CD(1) male mice were randomly assigned to six groups: 1B(10), 1B(15), 1B(20), 2B(10), 2B(15), and 2B(20.) 1B mice were administered 2 ml/kg (1940 mg/kg) subcutaneous injection (in the dorsal region) of benzene 5 days a week, and 2B mice were exposed 3 days a week (Monday, Wednesday and Friday) until a total of 10, 15 and 20 doses were completed. About 48 h after treatment completion, leukocyte, erythrocyte, and bone marrow cells were counted, and spleen histopathology was analyzed. 1B(15) and 1B(20) mice showed lethargy and irritability, 80% body and 42% spleen weight loss (P<0.001), while body and spleen weight loss were less severe in 2B mice (12 and 48%, respectively). After exposure to 20 benzene doses, 1B(20) and 2B(20) mice showed decreased hemoglobin concentrations, and erythrocyte, leukocyte and bone marrow cell counts (37, 34, 80 and 50%, respectively in group 1B(20); P<0.001; and 12, 48, 62 and 62%, respectively in group 2B(20)). Thrombocytopenia occurred only in group 2B. Both benzene-treatment schemes caused aplastic anemia, however, the disease was masked by spleen toxicity in group 1B. Scheme 2 allowed mice survival and caused less non-hematological effects. We establish here a reproducible and inexpensive experimental model to induce aplastic anemia in mice by subcutaneous injection of 2 ml/kg benzene, using two short-term treatment schemes.
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Anemia Aplásica/inducido químicamente , Benceno , Bazo/citología , Bazo/patología , Administración Oral , Anemia Aplásica/sangre , Anemia Aplásica/patología , Animales , Benceno/administración & dosificación , Benceno/farmacocinética , Benceno/toxicidad , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas , Plaquetas/efectos de los fármacos , Peso Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Médula Ósea/patología , Células de la Médula Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Eritrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Hemoglobinas/efectos de los fármacos , Inyecciones Subcutáneas , Leucocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos , Tamaño de los Órganos/efectos de los fármacos , Reticulocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Trombocitopenia/sangre , Trombocitopenia/inducido químicamente , Trombocitopenia/patologíaRESUMEN
To date, the phatophysiology of hemorrhagic dengue is still unknown and hypotheses which aim to explain the unfortunate cases of the disease (hemorrhagic fever/shock syndrome) are based on epidemiological data and favor the notion of the participation of heterotypic non-neutralizing antibodies during the course of secondary infection (immunologic status of the host). However, cases of hemorrhagic dengue have been reported during the course of primary infections. We propose that the dengue virus, specifically the envelope glycoprotein can participate directly in the installation of the hemorrhagic phenomenon by means of the binding and activation of plasminogen (PLG) as condition previous to the development of the fibrinolytic process. Based on this hypothesis, we evaluated the biological activity of some viral isolates proceeding from hemorrhagic and from dengue fever cases in an in vitro model of fibrinolysis. Dengue isolates were capable of activating PLG. The plasmin generated specifically degraded the fibrin/fibrinogen molecule. This catalytic process can be prevented by the presence of the specific plasmin inhibitor, alpha-2-antiplasmin, for virus isolates from dengue fever, but not for isolates associated with dengue hemorrhagic disease, favoring the exacerbation of the fibrinolytic activity. This new approach allows us to suggest the importance of viral factors in the dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Asunto(s)
Virus del Dengue/metabolismo , Fibrinógeno/metabolismo , Fibrinólisis , Plasminógeno/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Antifibrinolíticos , Línea Celular , Chlorocebus aethiops , Dengue/virología , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Dengue Grave/virología , Proteínas Virales/metabolismo , alfa 2-AntiplasminaRESUMEN
The first evidence of the interaction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the plasminogen system is herein reported. By FACScan analysis and affinity blotting, lysine-dependent binding of plasminogen to M. tuberculosis was demonstrated. The binding molecules were 30-, 60-, and 66-kDa proteins present in cell wall and soluble protein extracts. The activation of plasminogen, which occurred only in presence of fibrin and was not inhibited by the host serpin, alpha(2)-antiplasmin, was also demonstrated.
Asunto(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/patogenicidad , Plasminógeno/metabolismo , Fibrina/metabolismo , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/metabolismo , Unión Proteica , Receptores de Superficie Celular/metabolismo , Receptores del Activador de Plasminógeno Tipo Uroquinasa , Tuberculosis/etiología , alfa 2-Antiplasmina/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The authors report a case of a 54-year-old white male with a coronary fistula associated with double mitral valve disease. The patient was studied by invasive and non-invasive cardiac methods including coronary angiogram in order to reach the correct diagnosis and to define the successful surgical treatment that included the closure of the fistula, partial resection of the left atrium and insertion of a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis. It is concluded that this case represents a very rare association between coronary fistula and double mitral valve disease.