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Objective An isotemporal substitution model was used to explore the associations between activities including 10 minutes per day of physical activity(PA),sedentary behavior(SB),and sleep(SLP),and depressive symptoms among vocational school students with and without depressive symptoms.Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted on grade one to grade three students attending vocational schools in Shanghai and Jiangsu Province from Dec 2021 to Jan 2022.Fourteen schools were selected using the convenience cluster sampling method.The selected students were categorized into depressive symptoms group and non-depressive symptoms group according to the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)scores.Results A total of 40 339 questionnaires were collected,of which 10 086 were able to clearly remember the time of physical activity in the past week,and 8 149 were valid after data cleaning.According to the valid questionnaires,5 496 students(67.44%)were in the non-depressive symptoms group and 2 653(32.56%)were in the depressive symptoms group.The mean age of the students were(16.70±1.19)years.In the non-depressive symptoms group,substituting moderate physical activity(MPA)for all the other behaviors was negatively associated with CES-D scores,while substituting vigorous physical activity(VPA)for MPA and SB was positively associated with CES-D scores.In the depressive symptoms group,substituting walking,SB,and SLP with MPA was negatively associated with CES-D scores,respectively.The associations of MPA substituted for walking,SB,and SLP with CES-D scores were much stronger in the depressive symptoms group than in the non-depressive symptoms group.Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms was high among vocational students.Substituting MPA for walking,SB,and SLP were negatively associated with CES-D scores,with a stronger association observed in the depressive symptoms group than in the non-depressive symptoms group.
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This study was aimed at identifying the bioactive components of the crude and stir-baked hawthorn for invigorating spleen and promoting digestion, respectively, to clarify the processing mechanism of hawthorn by applying the partial least squares(PLS) algorithm to build the spectrum-effect relationship model. Firstly, different polar fractions of crude and stir-baked hawthorn aqueous extracts and combinations of different fractions were prepared, respectively. Then, the contents of 24 chemical components were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The effects of different polar fractions of crude hawthorn and stir-baked hawthorn aqueous extracts and combinations of different fractions were evaluated by measuring the gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate. Finally, the PLS algorithm was used to establish the spectrum-effect relationship model. The results showed that there were significant differences in the contents of 24 chemical components for different polar fractions of crude and stir-baked hawthorn aqueous extracts and combinations of different fractions, and the gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate of model rats were improved by administration of different polar fractions of crude and stir-baked hawthorn aqueous extracts and combinations of different fractions. The bioactive components of crude hawthorn identified by PLS models were vitexin-4″-O-glucoside, vitexin-2″-O-rhamnoside, neochlorogenic acid, rutin, gallic acid, vanillic acid, citric acid, malic acid, quinic acid and fumaric acid, while neochlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, gallic acid, vanillic acid, citric acid, quinic acid and fumaric acid were the bioactive components of stir-baked hawthorn. This study provided data support and scientific basis for identifying the bioactive components of crude and stir-baked hawthorn, and clarifying the processing mechanism of hawthorn.
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Animales , Ratas , Bazo , Crataegus , Ácido Quínico , Análisis de los Mínimos Cuadrados , Ácido Vanílico , Algoritmos , DigestiónRESUMEN
Based on the previous research results of our group and literature research, the chemical components, mechanisms, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata were summarized to determine the quality markers(Q-markers) of Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata and Zingiberis Rhizoma. Our research group has clarified the differential components of Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata and Zingiberis Rhizoma, the meridian-warming hemostatic effect of Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata, the related targets and pathways of the effect, the endogenous biomarkers of Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata, and the hemodynamic processes of Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata and Zingiberis Rhizoma. Moreover, based on high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HPLC-DAD-ESIMS), a method for determining the content of Q-mar-kers was established. In conclusion, the study finally determined that gingerone, 6-shogaol, and diacetyl-6-gingerol were the Q-mar-kers of Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata decoction pieces, and 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, and 10-gingerol were Q-markers of Zingiberis Rhizoma decoction pieces. The result is expected to provide a reference for the establishment of quality standards for Zingiberis Rhizoma Carbonisata decoction pieces and Zingiberis Rhizoma decoction pieces.
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Biomarcadores/análisis , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/química , Zingiber officinale , Espectrometría de Masas , Extractos Vegetales , Rizoma/químicaRESUMEN
In this study, a method for simultaneous quantitative analysis of 6 salvianolic acids and 4 tanshinones in extracts of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma was established by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). The semi-biomimetic method was applied to simulate digestion process in vitro, to explore the digestion and transport characters of oral administration through the gastrointestinal tract, and to explain the content ratio changes and bioaccessibility of active ingredients in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The results showed that the 10 index components have a good linear relationship in the corresponding concentration range, and the average recovery rate was 91.35% to 105.65%. After simulated digestion in vitro, types of chemical composition in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid digested extracts of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma did not change significantly. While the content ratio of salvianolic acid B and rosmarinic acid decreased, and the content ratio of protocatechuic aldehyde and danshensu increased. In the simulated gastric fluid digestion extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the order of bioaccessibility was: danshensu (50.19%) > salvianolic acid B (33.44%) > lithospermic acid (27.34%) > salvianolic acid A (21.71%) > rosmarinic acid (12.31%). In the simulated intestinal fluid digestion extract of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the order of bioaccessibility was: 15,16-dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ (5.45%) > tanshinone Ⅰ (3.67%) > cryptotanshinone (3.29%) > tanshinone ⅡA (3.01%) > salvianolic acid A (2.39%) > lithospermic acid (1.57%) > salvianolic acid B (1.02%) > danshensu (0.41%) > rosmarinic acid (0.34%). In conclusion, the UHPLC method established in this study can be applied for accurately and sensitively detecting the contents of 6 salvianolic acids and 4 tanshinones in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma. The results of semi-biomimetic extraction showed that not all components were extracted with simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid, especially rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid B. Therefore, in the quality study of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and its extract, bioavailability should be considered at the same time when select quality markers and determine their content limits.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Chaihu Guizhi Decoction (CHGZD) combined with capecitabine on growth and apoptosis of subcutaneous triple-negative breast cancer xenografts in nude mice and explore the possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#Nude mouse models bearing subcutaneous triple-negative breast cancer xenografts were randomized into 6 groups (n=10) for treatment with distilled water (model group), low (10.62 g/kg), medium (21.23 g/kg) and high (42.46 g/kg) doses of CHGZD, capecitabine (0.2 mg/kg), or the combination of CHGZD (42.46 g/kg) and capecitabine (0.2 mg/k) once daily for 21 consecutive days. The general condition of mice was observed, and after 21-day treatments, the tumors were dissected for measurement of tumor volume and weight and histopathological examination with HE staining. Serum IL-6 levels of the mice were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expression levels of IL-6, STAT3, p-STAT3, Bax, Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 in the tumor tissues were detected using real-time PCR and Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those in the model group, the tumor-bearing mice receiving treatments with CHGZD showed significantly increased food intake with good general condition, sensitive responses, increased body weight, and lower tumor mass (P < 0.01). Compared with capecitabine treatment alone, treatment with CHGZD alone at the medium and high doses and the combined treatment all resulted in significantly higher tumor inhibition rates (P < 0.01), induced obvious tumor tissue degeneration and reduced the tumor cell density. Treatments with CHGZD, both alone and in combination with capecitabine, significantly decreased serum IL-6 level, lowered the mRNA expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3, the protein expressions of IL-6, STAT3 and P-STAT3 (P < 0.05), and the mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 (P < 0.05), and increased the mRNA and protein expressions of Bax in the tumor tissues (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#CHGZD combined with capecitabine can significantly inhibit tumor growth in nude mice bearing triple-negative breast cancer xenografts, the mechanism of which may involve the inhibition of IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway and regulation of Bax, Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 expressions to suppress tumor cell proliferation and differentiation and induce cell apoptosis.
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Animales , Humanos , Ratones , Capecitabina/farmacología , Ciclina D1/metabolismo , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Xenoinjertos , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Ratones Desnudos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción STAT3/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Neoplasias de la Mama Triple Negativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2/metabolismoRESUMEN
Road traffic injury is a major public health problem globally. In China, about 10 thousand children died from road traffic injuries every year. This paper describes the current research status and epidemiological characteristics of road traffic injuries in children and adolescents, and analyzes the influencing factors and the current interventions, in order to reduce the incidence of road traffic injuries in children and to ensure the safety of children̩’s life and health.
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Aim To study the effect of low dose aconitine on the metabolism of hiPSCs-CM. Methods After 100 nmol · L
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The volatile oil of Curcumae Rhizoma has many active components,which are the key to the quality of Curcumae Rhizoma. Exploring the difference between volatile oil of different kinds of Curcumae Rhizoma facilitates the quality control and rational application of resources. In this study,GC-MS was applied to realize online qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the chemical composition spectrum of volatile oil from Curcuma wenyujin( CW),C. phaeocaulis( CP),and C. kwangsiensis( CK). Forty components were identified and their fingerprints were compared and evaluated. Hierarchical cluster analysis( HCA),principal component analysis( PCA),and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis( OPLS-DA) were adopted to analyze the overall and outlier data. The results showed that the whole data could be divided into three kinds according to each analysis mode,and the volatile components of Curcumae Rhizoma vary greatly among species. PCA explored the difference between outliers and the mean value of the group and found that some volatile oils from CW may be greatly affected by the origin. By OPLS-DA,the samples from Zhejiang were able to gather,but those from Guizhou remained isolated,indicating the influence of growing environment on Curcumae Rhizoma metabolites. Based on VIP results combined with the heat map,characteristic volatile oil components of Curcumae Rhizoma from different varieties were screened out: curdione and linalool for CW; 2-undecanone for CP; humulene,γ-selinene,and zederone for CK. The GCMS method established in this study describes Curcumae Rhizoma samples comprehensively and accurately,and the characteristic components screened based on chemometrics can be used to distinguish Curcumae Rhizoma from different varieties and give them unique pharmacodynamic significance,which is fast,convenient,stable,and reliable and supports the rational application of Curcu-mae Rhizoma resources. It is found that the region of origin has great influence on CW,which is worthy of further study.
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Curcuma , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Aceites Volátiles , Análisis de Componente Principal , RizomaRESUMEN
This study systematically investigated the therapeutic effects of chemotherapy-induced mucositis (CIM) by cryptotanshinone (CTS) in mice. CIM mice were prepared by intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and irinotecan for 4 days. A pseudo-sterile mouse model was established by intragastric administration of mixed antibiotics (metronidazole, vancomycin, and penicillin). The body weight, disease activity index (DAI), and defecation of mice were daily monitored. The animal welfare and experimental procedures followed the rules of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. We determined the contents of inflammatory factors, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and lipase activity in serum or colonic mucosa of CIM mice. We also studied the composition and relative abundance of fecal flora. The correlation of the relative abundance of fecal microbiota and environmental factors was further analyzed. CTS significantly decreased DAI and reduced the content of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 11 (IL-11), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and diamine oxidase (DAO) in the serum of CIM mice. CTS effectively increased the content of TG while reduced TC and lipase activity in serum. Results showed the incidence of CIM in pseudoaseptic model group was significantly reduced. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the contents of inflammatory factors and TG/TC ratio between pseudoaseptic model group and normal control group. There was a significant difference in the diversity and composition of fecal microbiota among groups. In addition, CTS restored the composition of fecal microbiota close to normal and significantly increased the abundance of g_norank_f_Muribaculaceae. Especially, g_Ruminiclostridium and g_norank_f_Muribaculaceae exhibited a significant positive correlation to TG but a negative correlation to DAO, MPO, IL-6, lipase, and TC. Cryptotanshinone significantly increased the abundance of g_norank_f_Muribaculaceae and g_ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 in fecal microbiota of CIM mice. In conclusion, we reported CTS effectively alleviated intestinal mucositis in mice induced by 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan by regulating fecal microbiota, inflammatory factors, and serum lipid.
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Objective::To establish HPLC fingerprints of Aurantii Fructus and its processed products, and to quantitatively analyze the contents of four flavonoids in these products. Method::HPLC was employed with Inertsil ODS-3 C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), the mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid aqueous solution for gradient elution, the detection wavelength of 283 nm, and the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. HPLC fingerprints of raw products, stir-fried bran products and processing products of Aurantii Fructus were established. Similarity evaluation and cluster analysis were used to analyze the chromatographic data. At the same time, the contents of narirutin, naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin were determined. Result::HPLC fingerprints of Aurantii Fructus and its processed products were established, taking naringin as the reference peak, 8, 15, 11 common peaks were demarcated for raw products, stir-fried bran products, processing products, respectively, the similarities of fingerprints were >0.95.Contents of the above four flavonoids in raw products were 0.574 7%, 5.986 3%, 0.302 2%and 3.574 7%, respectively. After processing, the contents of these four components in stir-fried bran products turned into 0.948 4%, 5.103 4%, 0.549 3%and 3.533 7%, their contents in processing products turned into 0.605 3%, 4.762 3%, 0.404 7%and 3.264 9%, respectively. Conclusion::The HPLC fingerprint of Aurantii Fructus changes significantly before and after processing. The contents of four flavonoids change to a certain extent before and after processing. The order of contents of narirutin and hesperidin in samples was stir-fried bran products>processing products>raw products, while the order of contents of naringin and neohesperidin was raw products>stir-fried bran products>processing products.
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Objective::To establish a rapid evaluation method for Cinnamomi Cortex decoction pieces by near infrared spectroscopy. Method::The contents of coumarin, cinnamalol, cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde in 86 batches of Cinnamomi Cortex of different origins were determined by HPLC. And the NIR spectra of different batches of Cinnamomi Cortex were also collected. With NIR spectrum as independent variable and coumarin, cinnamalol, cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde as dependent variables, a quantitative analysis model of four components in cinnamon was established by partial least squares method. Result::The correlation coefficients (r) of coumarin, cinnamic alcohol, cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde near infrared quantitative analysis models were 0.952 8, 0.977 7, 0.961 9, 0.992 2, root mean square error of cross(RMSEC) were 0.012 2, 0.006 1, 0.004 3, 0.82 g·g-1, root mean square errorof cross-validation(RMSECV) were 0.015 8, 0.011 2, 0.002 0, 1.481 1 g·g-1, and root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP) were 0.017 8, 0.010 3, 0.010 3, 0.005 5, 1.63 g·g-1. Conclusion::The established NIR quantitative analysis model of four active ingredients in Cinnamomi Cortex slices has a good accuracy, and provides a basis for rapid evaluation of the quality of Cinnamomi Cortex slices.
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Serum metabonomic profiles of the model of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion is established with the suture-occluded method by Longa to study the effect of ginsenosides. In this study, 48 rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham-operated group, pathological model group, positive drug group(6 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) and high, medium, low-dose ginsenosides groups(200, 100, 50 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)). They are given intragastric administration respectively with same amount of 0.5% CMC-Na,nimodipine and ginsenoside for 5 days. At 2 h after the final administration, the model was established with the suture-occluded method, and free radical-scavenging activity changes of ginsenoside were observed by maillard reaction, and Longa was possible used as a renoprotective agent-occluded method. At the end of 24 h after the reperfusion, the hemolymph of rats in each group was collected, and the ~1H-NMR spectrum was collected after being treated by certain methods, and analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA). Compared with sham-operated group, pathological model group showed significant increases in the levels of lactate, glutamate, taurine, choline, glucose and methionine, but decreases in the levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate and phosphocreatine/creatine in serum. After treatment with ginsenosides, lipid, 3-hydroxybutyrate and phosphocreatine/creatine were increased in the serum of ginsenosides group rats, but with decreases in lactate and glutamate. The results showed that ginsenosides could regulate metabolic disorders in rats with focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion, and promote a recovery in the process of metabolism. It's helpful to promote the metabolic changes in rats with focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion via ~1H-NMR, and lay a foundation to develop ginsenosides as a new drug to treat ischemic cerebral paralysis.
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Animales , Ratas , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Creatina , Ginsenósidos/farmacología , Hemolinfa , Metaboloma , Fosfocreatina , Espectroscopía de Protones por Resonancia Magnética , Distribución Aleatoria , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismoRESUMEN
We evaluate the therapeutic effects of baicalein on chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis (CIM) in mice. The role of gut microflora regulation in the therapeutic effects of baicalein was investigated meanwhile. Male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into three groups including normal control group, model group and experimental group. Except for normal control group, mice were injected with 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan to induce CIM. Animal welfare and experimental procedures comply follow the rules of the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Baicalein significantly reduced disease activity index (DAI) of CIM mice and decreased the content of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in serum. There were significant differences in the composition of the gut microbiota among groups according to the analysis of α diversity, β diversity, and the species differences. Compared with the normal control group, the Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014 and unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae in mice of model group were significantly decreased while Bacteroides, Escherichia_Shigella, Enterococcus, Parabacteroides, Clostridium_ sensu_stricto_1, and Lactococcus were significantly increased. Baicalein significantly decreased the abundance of Bacteroides, Escherichia_Shigella, Parabacteroides, Enterococcus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Lactococcus. Meantime, norank_f_Muribaculaceae was notably increased by baicalein. The content of IL-6 and TNF-α in the serum of the three groups were positively correlated with the abundance of Clostridium_sensu_ stricto_1, Lactococcus, Bacteroides, and Enterococcus according to correlation analysis. This study suggested the potential therapeutic effect of baicalein on CIM in mice. Regulation of gut microbiota probably plays a critical role in the therapeutic effects of baicalein.
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Proton nuclear magnetic resonance(~1H-NMR) is used to investigate the effect of Renshenjian Decoction on serum and urine metabolism of type 2 diabetic rats with insulin resistance induced by high-sugar and high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin(STZ). After the successful establishment of the insulin resistance model of type 2 diabetes, administration for 35 days, the serum and urine of rats were taken. Once the ~1H-NMR data have been collected and processed, PCA and OPLS-DA were used to analyze them. The results show that: compared with the blank group, the contents of methionine, taurine, α-glucose and β-glucose in the serum of the model group increased significantly(P<0.001), while the contents of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, lactic acid and unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly(P<0.01). In the model group, the contents of trimethylamine oxide, glycine, α-glucose, β-glucose, taurine and phosphocholine in urine increased significantly(P<0.05), while the contents of creatine, lactic acid, acetic acid and citric acid decreased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the contents of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and unsaturated fatty acids in serum of rats in the treatment group increased significantly(P<0.05), while the contents of taurine, α-glucose and β-glucose decreased significantly(P<0.01). In the treatment group, the contents of lactic acid, taurine and creatine in urine increased significantly(P<0.05), while the contents of trimethylamine oxide, glycine, α-glucose, β-glucose and phosphocholine decreased significantly(P<0.01). The results show that Renshenjian Decoction can regulate metabolic disorder and promote the metabolic phenotype to return to the normal range. It displayed therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetic rats with insulin resistance and provided a certain scientific basis for the biological basic research of Renshenjian Decoction by improving insulin resistance in diabetes mellitus.
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Animales , Ratas , Glucemia , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Metabolómica , Espectroscopía de Protones por Resonancia Magnética , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
This study aimed to establish a rapid and accurate method for identification of raw and vinegar-processed rhizomes of Curcuma kwangsiensis, in order to predict the content of curcumin compounds for scientific evaluation. A complete set of bionics recognition mode was adopted. The digital odor signal of raw and vinegar-processed rhizomes of Curcuma kwangsiensis were obtained by e-nose, and analyzed by back propagation(BP) neural network algorithm, with the accuracy, the sensitivity and specificity in discriminant model, correlation coefficient as well as the mean square error in regression model as the evaluation indexes. The experimental results showed that the three indexes of the e-nose signal discrimination model established by the neural network algorithm were 100% in training set, correction set and prediction set, which were obviously better than the traditional decision tree, naive bayes, support vector machine, K nearest neighbor and boost classification, and could accurately differentiate the raw and vinegar products. Correlation coefficient and mean square error of the regression model in prediction set were 0.974 8 and 0.117 5 respectively, and could well predict curcumin compounds content in Curcuma kwangsiensis, and demonstrate the superiority of the simulation biometrics model in the analysis of traditional Chinese medicine. By BP neural network algorithm, e-nose odor fingerprint could quickly, conveniently and accurately realize the discrimination and regression, which suggested that more bionics information acquisition and identification patterns could be combined in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to provide ideas and methods for the rapid evaluation and stan-dardization of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Ácido Acético , Teorema de Bayes , Curcuma , Curcumina , Nariz Electrónica , Redes Neurales de la Computación , RizomaRESUMEN
The PK-PD correlation models by using pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics were applied to study the material basis of Naomaitong,a clinical empirical prescription for the treatment of cerebral apoplexy,in inhibiting the death of PC12 nerve cells induced by Na_2S_2O_4 and Glu. In this experiment,PC12 cell death models induced by Na_2S_2O_4 and Glu were established respectively.With LDH lateral leakage and NO content as pharmacodynamic indexes,PK-PD model was established by SVM algorithm to evaluate the effective components of Naomaitong in inhibiting neural cell death. The results showed that the positive correlation of emodin methyl ether-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,aloe emodin,chrysophanol,rhein,emodin,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rc,3'-methoxypuerarin and ligustilide was significant,obviously improving the LDH release and NO content. The results indicated that the contribution of Radix Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma in Naomaitong could protect the nerve cell death induced by Na_2S_2O_4 and Glu respectively. PK-PD model was used to screen the neuroprotective components in Naomaitong,revealing the possible pharmacodynamic material basis of Naomaitong in the treatment of cerebral ischemia injury.
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Animales , Ratas , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Farmacología , Neuronas , Biología Celular , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Farmacología , Células PC12RESUMEN
This research aims to develop an UHPLC method, based on core-shell column(i.e. superficially porous particles), for simultaneous determination of eight isoflavonoids including formononetin,(6αR,11αR)-3-hydroxy-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,(3R)-7,2-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyisoflavone, calycosin, ononin,(6αR,11αR)-9,10-dimethoxypterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and(3R)-7,2-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethoxyisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside in Astragali Radix. The analysis was performed on an Agilent Poroshell EC-C_(18 )column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 2.7 μm) with 0.2% formic acid solution(A)-acetonitrile(B) as mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.5 mL·min~(-1), with column temperature of 40 ℃ and the wavelengths were set at 260 and 280 nm. According to the results, all calibration curves showed good linearity(R~2>0.999 8) within the tested concentration ranges. Both the intra-and inter-day precisions for 8 isoflavonoids were less than 0.80%, with the mean recovery at the range of 94.71%-104.6%. Thus, the newly developed UHPLC method using core-shell column owned the advantages in terms of rapid analysis, low column pressure and less solvent consumption, thus enabling the usage of conventional HPLC systems. Meanwhile, quantitative evaluation was carried out for 22 batches of commercial Astragali Radix. It has been found that great variations occurred for the content of the individual isoflavonoids among different batches; in contrast, the total content of total 8 isoflavonoids(>0.1%) was stable in most samples, indicating that it was reasonable to involve all isoflavonoids as the chemical markers for the quality control of Astragali Radix.
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Planta del Astrágalo , Química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Estándares de Referencia , Flavonas , Fitoquímicos , Raíces de Plantas , Química , Control de CalidadRESUMEN
Target discovery is the core of elucidating the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine( TCM),and it is also the key to correlate the chemical composition and pharmacological action of TCM. The traditional target screening methods such as the activitybased probe profiling,affinity chromatography,and protein microarray are commonly used in the past,however,which are limited in TCM due to the complexity of small molecules existed in the herbal medicine. The label-free small molecule probe is a recently well-applied technology in the target discovery of natural products,which is characterized by discovering the small molecule-protein ligation without any structural modification at the ligands,and is therefore suitable to the complex chemical constituents in TCM. Furthermore,this method is conducted on the basis of proteome,which is advanced in the discovery of new or multiple target proteins of TCM. Owing to the potential of label-free probe in the target discovery of TCM,its analytical principle,application status,and general protocol were reviewed in this paper. The label-free probe technology is anticipated to accelerate the mechanism-uncovering of TCM.
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Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Ligandos , Medicina Tradicional China , Fitoterapia , Plantas MedicinalesRESUMEN
Objective:To study on the correlation between integrated pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic effects of five active components(oxidized paeoniflorin,paeoniflorin,quercetin,gallic acid, paeonol) in Moutan Cortex. Method:Rats were divided into blank group,model group(syndrome of blood-heat and blood stasis) and drug-administered group.The concentration of five active components in serum were detected with UPLC-MS at different time points after being administrated ethanol extract of Moutan Cortex.The integrated concentrations were calculated according to area under the curve(AUC) self-defined weighting coefficiency.At the same time,the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to determine the contents of thromboxane B2(TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α(6-keto-PGF1α) in serum at different time points,and then correlation between pharmacodynamics and integrated pharmacokinetics of these five active ingredients was analyzed. Result:At different time points(0.083,0.25,0.5,0.75,1,2,3,4,6,8,10,12 h),the integrated plasma concentrations of these five active ingredients in Moutan Cortex(158.65,174.60,220.13,227.23,244.31,251.51,404.28,654.39,472.62,355.04, 231.56,199.40 mg·L-1) had a good correlation with concentration of TXB2(264.44,261.03,284.93,273.30,264.04, 278.90,274.83,303.58,260.03,264.78,264.40,256.62 μg·L-1) and value of TXB2/6-keto-PGFlα(4.50,4.47,3.66,3.37, 3.29,3.66,3.71,4.30,3.63,3.65,3.75,3.66). Conclusion:There is a good correlation between the dynamic changes in vivo of active components from Moutan Cortex and pharmacodynamic effects of activating blood circulation of this herb.
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Pancreas metabonomic profiles of the type 2 diabetic rats' induced by streptozotocin(STZ) and high-sugar, high fat diet on the treatment of Renshenjian decoction(RSJD) after 8 weeks were investigated.In this study, 48 Rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control (NC), Pathological model (PM), Renshenjian decoction(RSJD 3.76 g·kg⁻¹) and glimepiride control (GC 0.04 mg·kg⁻¹). They are induced insulin resistance model of type 2 diabetes mellitus by streptozotocin(STZ) after 4 weeks' high-sugar, high fat diet except for NC. After sucessful modeling, they are given intragastric administration respectively with same amount of saline, RSJD and glimepiride in 4 weeks. At the end of the 8th week, the pancreatic tissue of rats in each group was collected, and the ¹H-NMR spectrum was collected after being treated by certain method, and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). Compared with NC's rats, we found PM's a significant elevation in the level of leucine/isoleucine, valine, lactic acid, creatine but reduction in the level of inose and less obvious changes in the level of creatine, cholic acid, taurine in pancreatic extract. After having been recieved RSJD, reduction level in leucine/isoleucine, valine, alanine, creatine, choline, taurine are also found in pancreatic extract of RSJD's rats, together with the increase of creatinine and tryptophan levels. The results showed that RSJD could regulate the level of amino acids in pancreas of IR rats, promoting a recovery in the process of metabolism. It's helpful to simulate the metabolic changes of IR rats via ¹H-NMR for a further understanding to study the mechanism how RSJD treat IR rats.