RESUMEN
Se caracterizaron tres fermentadores: New Brunswick M-19 de 14 litros, Applikon Biocontroller 1035 de 7 litros y New Brunswick Bioflo III de 7 litros, determinando el coeficiente volumétrico de transferencia de oxígeno (KLa), la retención de gas (RG) y el tiempo de mezclado (tM). El fermentador New Brunswick Bioflo III tuvo los mejores valores con una relación de diámetro del impulsor/diámetro del tanque (DI/DT) de 0.43, KLa = 9.5-208 h-1 y tM = 1.0-3.0 s, por lo que fue seleccionado para realizar la producción de blastosporas de Beauveria bassiana, utilizando melaza como fuente de carbono. Se estudiaron las condiciones de mezclado, utilizando diferentes combinaciones de impulsores tipo Rushton, Maxflo y Lightnin, bajo un diseño experimental factorial 32. El tiempo de propagación fue de 4 días, el volumen de trabajo 4 litros, 10% de inóculo (1x106 blastosporas/ml), temperatura 30°C, agitación de 400-500 rpm, aireación de 0.5-1.0 vvm, y pH de 5.4.El hongo se desarrolló mejor utilizando la combinación de impulsores Rushton-Maxflo a 400 rpm y 1.0 vvm (F = 10.324, p ≤ 0.0123) (DMS=0.585), obteniendo una concentración de 1.2x109 blastosporas/ml, 2.2 g/l de biomasa y 2.48 g/l de consumo de sustrato (Y x/s=0.89). Las condiciones de mezclado y los parámetros obtenidos pueden ser aplicados en otros fermentadores para optimizar la producción de blastosporas de B. bassiana en la elaboración experimental de bioinsecticidas.
In this work three fermenters were characterized: New Brunswick M-19 of 14 liters, Biocontroller Applikon 1035 of 7 liters and New Brunswick Bioflo III of 7 liters, determining the volumetric coefficient oxygen transfer (KLa), gas hold up (GH) and the mixing time (tM). The fermenter New Brunswick Bioflo III had the best values with a ratio of diameter of the impeller/vessel (DI/DT) of 0.43, KLa = 9.5-208 h-1 and tM = 1.0-3.0 s, so it was selected for the production of blastospores of Beauveria bassiana, using molasses as carbon source. We studied the mixing conditions, using different combinations of impellers, type Rushton, Lightnin and Maxflo under a factorial experimental design 32. The propagation time was of 4 days, working volume 4l, 10% inoculum (1x106 blastospores/ml), temperature 30°C, agitation of 400-500 rpm, aeration 0.5-1.0 vvm, and pH of 5.4. The fungus growth better using a combination of impellers Rushton-Maxflo at 400 rpm and 1.0 vvm (F = 10.324, p ≤ 0.0123) (LSD = 0.585) obtaining a concentration of 1.2x109 blastospores/ml, 2.2 g/l biomass and 2.48 g/l of substrate consumption (Y x/s = 0.89). The mixing conditions and the parameters obtained can be applied to optimize the blastospore productions of B. bassiana to fermenter level in the experimental production of bioinsecticides.
Asunto(s)
Aireación , Beauveria , Fermentación , InsecticidasRESUMEN
Fermentation with filamentous fungi in a bioreactor is a complex dynamic process that is affected by flow conditions and the evolution of the rheological properties of the medium. These properties are mainly affected by the biomass concentration and the morphology of the fungus. In this work, the rheological properties of a fermentation with the fungus Beauveria bassiana under different hydrodynamic conditions were studied and the rheological behavior of this broth was simulated through a mixture of carboxymethyl cellulose sodium and cellulose fibers (CMCNa-SF). The bioreactor was a 10 L CSTR tank operated at different stir velocities. Rheological results were similar at 100 and 300 rpm for both systems. However, there was a significant increase in the viscosity accompanied by a change in the consistence index, calculated according to the power law model, for both systems at 800 rpm. The systems exhibited shear-thinning behavior at all stir velocities, which was determined with the power law model. The mixing time was observed to increase as the cellulose content in the system increased and, consequently, the efficiency of mixing diminished. These results are thought to be due to the rheological and morphological similarities of the two fungal systems. These results will help in the optimization of scale-up production of these fungi.