RESUMO
Objetivos Determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en el personal profesional del Hospital Yumbel. Relacionar presencia del Síndrome de Burnout con variables sociodemográficas. Determinar presencia de los síntomas más frecuentes que denotan tendencia a padecer Burnout. Métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo. Aplicación encuesta Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) a la totalidad de profesionales médicos (6) y no médicos (16), correspondiendo a 15 mujeres y 7 hombres, funcionarios, pertenecientes al Hospital Yumbel, en Octubre 2004. Organización resultados en tablas de distribuciones de frecuencias y de asociación. Resultados: Edad promedio fue 37 años. Hubo 59,1 por ciento de profesionales casados (4 separados). 14 tenían menos de 10 años de profesión, 2 entre 10 y 20 años y 6 más de 20 años de ejercicio profesional. No hubo Burnout; sí, tendencia en 22,7 por ciento. Hubo 59,1 por ciento de cansancio al final de la jornada, 40,9 por ciento fatiga al levantarse por la mañana y 31,8 por ciento creía estar trabajando demasiado, todos más frecuentes en mujeres. Perfil sociodemográfico más cercano al diagnóstico de tendencia a tener Burnout fue: Sexo femenino, edad entre 24-40 años, soltera y ejercicio profesional menor a 10 años. Conclusiones: Los resultados no evidenciaron presencia de Burnout; hubo tendencia a desarrollarlo en porcentaje no despreciable, presentando un patrón sociodemográfico definido y similar a estudios de la literatura.
Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Humanos , Esgotamento Profissional/diagnóstico , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Recursos Humanos em Hospital , Inquéritos e Questionários , Carga de Trabalho , Distribuição por Idade , Estudos Transversais , Chile/epidemiologia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Prevalência , Psicometria/métodos , Distribuição por Sexo , Sinais e Sintomas , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
The consumption of soy protein was shown to reduce blood lipids in humans and other animal species. Furthermore, it was shown that the ingestion of soy protein maintains normal insulinemia. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to determine whether soy protein affects the synthesis of lipids in the liver through sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) due to modulation of insulin levels. We first conducted a short-term study in which rats were fed a diet containing 18 g/100 g soy protein or casein for 10 d. Rats fed soy protein had significantly lower serum insulin concentrations than rats fed casein, and this response was accompanied by an elevation in hepatic SREBP-1 mRNA that was 53% lower than that in rats fed casein at d 10. The increase in SREBP-1 mRNA occurred 30 min after consumption of the casein mean, and increased steadily for the next 2 h. We then conducted a second study to assess the long-term effect of soy protein consumption for 150 d on hepatic SREBP-1 expression. Long-term consumption of soy protein maintained normal insulin concentrations compared with rats fed casein, which were hyperinsulinemic. Thus, rats fed the soy protein diet had significantly lower expression of SREBP-1 mRNA than rats fed the casein diet. Soy protein intake also reduced the expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and malic enzyme, leading to low hepatic lipid depots of triglycerides and cholesterol, whereas rats fed the casein diet developed fatty liver. These data suggest that soy protein regulates SREBP-1 expression by modulating serum insulin concentration, thus preventing the development of fatty liver.
Assuntos
Proteínas Estimuladoras de Ligação a CCAAT/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Fígado Gorduroso/prevenção & controle , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Insulina/sangue , Fitoterapia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Proteínas de Soja/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição , Animais , Ácido Graxo Sintases/genética , Hiperinsulinismo/prevenção & controle , Malato Desidrogenase/genética , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Proteína de Ligação a Elemento Regulador de Esterol 1RESUMO
Glucagon has been postulated as an important physiological regulator of histidase (Hal) gene expression; however, it has not been demonstrated whether serum glucagon concentration is associated with the type and amount of protein ingested. The purpose of the present work was to study the association between hepatic Hal activity and mRNA concentration in rats fed 18 or 50% casein, isolated soy protein, or zein diets in a restricted schedule of 6 h for 10 days, and plasma glucagon and insulin concentrations. On day 10, five rats of each group were killed at 0900 (fasting), and then five rats were killed after being given the experimental diet for 1 h (1000). Rats fed 50% casein or soy diets showed higher Hal activity than the other groups studied. Rats fed 50% zein diets had higher Hal activity than rats fed 18% casein, soy, or zein diets, but lower activity than rats fed 50% casein or soy diets. Hal mRNA concentration followed a similar pattern. Hal activity showed a significant association with serum concentrations of glucagon. Serum glucagon concentration was significantly correlated with protein intake. Thus the type and amount of protein consumed affect Hal activity and expression through changes in serum glucagon concentrations.
