Debunking Mental Health Misperceptions in Short-Form Social Media Videos: An Experimental Test of Scientific Credibility Cues.

In recent years, short-form social media videos have emerged as an important source of health-related advice. In this study, we investigate whether experts or ordinary users in such videos are more effective in debunking the common misperception that talking about suicide should be avoided. We also explore a new trend on TikTok and other platforms, in which users attempt to back up their arguments by displaying scientific articles in the background of their videos. To test the effect of source type (expert vs. ordinary user) and scientific references (present or absent), we conducted a 2 × 2 between-subject plus control group experiment (n = 956). In each condition, participants were shown a TikTok video that was approximately 30 seconds long. Our findings show that in all four treatment groups, participants reduced their misperceptions on the topic. The expert was rated as being more authoritative on the topic compared to the ordinary user. However, the expert was also rated as being less credible compared to the ordinary user. The inclusion of a scientific reference did not make a difference. Thus, both experts and ordinary users may be similarly persuasive in a short-form video environment.

Óbitos neonatais por enterocolite necrosante: estudo de coorte retrospectiva / Neonatal deaths from necrotizing enterocolitis: a retrospective cohort study / Muertes neonatales por enterocolitis necrozante: estudio de cohorte retrospectivo

Introdução:A enterocolite necrosante é uma doença que pode afetar o trato gastrointestinal de recém-nascidos,cujas manifestações clínicas podem ser caracterizadas por vômitos biliosos, sangue nas fezes, distensão abdominal, além de alterações nos parâmetros hemodinâmicos e instabilidade térmica. As populações mais vulneráveis a essa enfermidade são recém-nascidos de baixo peso,expostos ao ambiente de terapia intensiva neonatal. Objetivos: Identificar o perfil de recém-nascidos e os fatores maternos e neonatais associados à ocorrência de óbitos por enterocolite necrosante, em maternidade de referência do Ceará-Brasil. Metodologia: Trata-se de coorte retrospectiva, estudo que objetiva a descrição da incidência de determinado evento ao longo do tempo, além do estabelecimento de relações causais entre os fatores associados ao acontecimento. Incluíram-serecém-nascidos que tiveram óbitos por enterocolite necrosante entre 2019 e 2021, comficha de investigação de óbitos neonatais preenchida corretamente, não sendo excluído nenhum recém-nascido, totalizando amostra de 29 óbitos.Resultados: Identificou-se que o perfil dos recém-nascidos foi,em maioria, deprematuros e com baixo peso e fatores de risco para outras doenças associadas,como a sepse, o que acarretourealização de procedimentos invasivos e internação em ambiente de terapia intensiva neonatal.Conclusões: A prematuridade e o baixo peso ao nascer foram as variáveis relevantes no estudo e podem estar associadas à piora das condições clínicas do recém-nascido e ao desenvolvimento de enterocolite necrosante (AU).

Introduction: Necrotizing Enterocolitis is a disease that can affect the gastrointestinal tract of newborns, whose clinical manifestations can be characterized by bilious vomiting, blood in stool, abdominal distension, in addition to changes in hemodynamic parameters and thermal instability. The populations most vulnerable to this disease are low birth weight newborns exposed to the neonatal intensive care environment. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the profile of newborns and maternal and neonatal factors associated with the occurrence of deaths from necrotizing enterocolitis in a reference maternity hospital in Ceará, Brazil. Methodology: This is a retrospective cohort study seeking to describe the incidence ofa particular event over time, as well as establish causal relationships between the factors associated with the event. The study population comprised newborns who died from necrotizing enterocolitis between 2019 and 2021, who had neonatal death investigation forms filled out correctly, with no newborns being excluded, totaling a sample of 29 deaths. Results: It was identified that the profile of newborns was mostly premature, of low birth weight and with risk factors for other associated diseases such as sepsis, leading to invasive procedures and hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care environment. Conclusions: Prematurity and low birth weight were relevant variables in the study and may be associated with worsening of the newborn's clinical conditionsand development of necrotizing enterocolitis (AU).

ntroducción:La Enterocolitis Necrotizante es enfermedad que puede afectar el tracto gastrointestinal del recién nacido, cuyas manifestaciones clínicas pueden caracterizarse por vómitos biliosos, sangre en las heces, distensión abdominal, además de cambios en los parámetros hemodinámicos e inestabilidad térmica.Las poblaciones más vulnerables a esta enfermedad son recién nacidos con bajo peso expuestos al entorno de cuidados intensivos neonatales.Objetivos: Identificar el perfil de recién nacidos y los factores maternos y neonatales asociados a la ocurrencia de muertes por enterocolitis necrotizante, en maternidad de referencia en el Ceará-Brasil.Metodología: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, para describir la incidencia de determinado evento a lo largo del tiempo, además de establecer relaciones causales entre los factores asociados al evento.Se incluyeron recién nacidos fallecidos por enterocolitis necrotizante entre 2019 y 2021, quienes tuvieron formulario de investigación de muerte neonatal correctamente diligenciado, no excluyéndose ningún recién nacido, totalizando muestra de 29 defunciones.Resultados:El perfil de los recién nacidos fue mayoritariamente prematuro y de bajo peso al nacer y con factores de riesgo para otras enfermedades asociadas, como sepsis, con procedimientos invasivos y hospitalización en ambiente de cuidados intensivosneonatales.Conclusiones:La prematuridad y el bajo peso al nacer fueron variables relevantes en el estudio y pueden estar asociados con empeoramiento de las condiciones clínicas de recién nacidos y desarrollo de enterocolitis necrotizante (AU).

Intramolecular hydrogen bonds interactions in the isomers of the bilirubin molecule: DFT and QTAIM analysis.

CONTEXT: Bilirubin is an important molecule, used as a marker of some liver diseases, and it can also be toxic and cause jaundice, especially in newborns. The main treatment for neonatal jaundice is phototherapy with blue light, which is still widely studied because the photophysical processes involved are not fully understood. METHODS: Calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) at M062X/6-31G(d,p) level were performed in order to evaluate the structural, electronic, and topological properties of bilirubin isomers. It was found that the ZZ conformation can form a greater number of hydrogen bonds, which gives the isomer greater energy stabilization compared to the other ZE, EZ, and EE isomers, and that the EE isomer is the conformer with the lowest energy of stabilization. The hydrogen bonds were characterized by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and for the ZZ isomer four hydrogen bonds (HBs) were found classified as intermediate, ∇2ρ(r) > 0, H(r) > 0. The ZE, EZ, and EE isomers show weak HBs, ∇2ρ(r) > 0, H(r) > 0.

Gasoline discrimination using infrared spectroscopy and virtual samples based on measurement uncertainty.

In a previous work, we proposed a methodology for pair-wise discrimination of gasoline samples by creating virtual samples based on physicochemical assays or distillation curves. Satisfactory results were achieved, although specialist and specific apparatus (not commonly available at police laboratories) were required. The present study goes a step further and for the first time investigates the possibility of infrared (IR) spectroscopy to enable a virtual samples-based methodology for comparison of gasoline samples in pairs. IR spectroscopy feasibility for in situ applications is attractive for forensic investigations. The performances of one handheld NIR device and one dual-range (FT-NIR and FT-IR) benchtop spectrometer were evaluated. The estimation of uncertainty in infrared spectral measurement (needed to generate virtual samples) is barely discussed in literature. So far, there are no literature reports describing quantification and comparison of measurement uncertainties for the spectral acquisitions evaluated here, especially regarding their use for generating virtual samples. A stepwise procedure to quantify uncertainties associated with IR spectral acquisition, at each wavenumber, is described. This method can be useful for understanding both the sources of variability in IR measurements and the system under investigation. Uncertainty estimation was based on experimental data and considered intermediate precision, repeatability and variations in sample temperature as sources of variability. Virtual samples were employed in a discrimination approach using SIMCA models. Results for portable NIR, FT-NIR and FT-IR data sets showed complete discrimination for 96.3%, 93.4% and 93.7% of the 1431 pairs of gasoline samples evaluated, respectively. These results were comparable and similar to those obtained for the physicochemical properties data set (95.7%), although slightly inferior to the result obtained for distillation curves (99.2%). Using IR non-destructive methods in this case could enable faster investigations and simpler analysis, especially for the low-cost handheld spectrometer. In a screening approach, atmospheric distillation assays can be employed only if infrared techniques are not capable of distinguishing the samples subject to comparison. In this work, a pair of samples was considered to be completely discriminated only when a null false positive error (FPR) was achieved, although a more flexible criterium may be acceptable in practice. Finally, the methodology could be extended to other applications where sample comparison is important.

Epidemiological evaluation of jaw cysts according to the new WHO classification: a 30-year retrospective analysis.

The aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiology of maxillofacial odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts diagnosed for 30 years in a Brazilian population. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1989 and 2019. Data regarding age, gender, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorized. Further, a literature search for similar studies was performed. A total of 6.994 biopsy records were evaluated, but only 367 (5.24%) cases were classified as odontogenic cysts (OC) or non-odontogenic cysts (NOC). Among all cystic lesions, 341 cases (92.9%) were OC and 26 cases (7.1%) were NOC. These lesions were more common in females (n = 208 / 56.67%) and located mostly in the mandible (n = 195 / 53.1%). In patients with OC, the radicular cyst was the most frequent (n = 134 / 36.5%), followed by the dentigerous cyst (n = 101 / 27.5%) and the odontogenic keratocyst (n = 52 / 14.2%). Patients with NOC had a higher frequency of epidermoid cyst (n = 12 / 3.3%), oral lymphoepithelial cyst (n = 7 / 1.9%), and nasopalatine duct cyst (n = 4 / 1.1%). The OCs were more prevalent than NOCs, and inflammatory cysts were the most common among all the OCs.

Equipamentos de proteção individual e exposição ocupacional solar diante da saúde do trabalhador da cajucultura / Personal protection equipment and occupational sun exposure before the cajuculture worker's health

Objetivo: Avaliar a utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual e a exposição solar entre trabalhadores que atuam no beneficiamento dacastanha de caju e seus derivados.Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, quantitativa, epidemiológica, realizada no município de Barreira ­CE, no período entre dezembro de 2019 e maio de 2020. A coleta de dados deu-sepor meio da anamnese e da aplicação de instrumento semiestruturadoque abordou as condições laborais e aspectos sociodemográficos desses trabalhadores. O processamento estatístico dos dados foi realizado através do programa Epi Infov. 7.2.1.0.Essa pesquisa foi aprovada peloComitê de Ética e Pesquisa com parecer de número 3.466.070.Resultados: Participaram do estudo 100 pessoas, predominando participantes do sexo masculino (66%). Observou-se que a exposição solar acarretou, em 23% dos entrevistados,eritema. Sobre a utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) durante a atividade laboral, 63% dos entrevistados utilizavam apenas um EPI, havendo umamaiorprevalência da utilização de camisa de manga comprida em 26% dos participantes.Assim, foi possível observar que a não utilização de EPIse a exposição solar devido à atividade laboral são fatores de risco consideráveis que podem levar asérias consequências à saúde do trabalhador, como por exemplo a ocorrência de câncer de pele.Conclusões:É imprescindível repensar estratégias em prol da saúde desse grupopara que tanto o empregado como o empregador tenham conhecimento das Normas Regulamentadoras que visam amparar a atividade laboral com o caju e seus derivados.

Objective: To evaluate the use of personal protective equipment and sun exposure among workers who work in the processing ofcashew nuts and their derivatives. Method:This is a cross-sectional, quantitative, epidemiological research, carried out in the city of Barreira -CE, between December 2019 and May 2020. Data collection took place through anamnesis and the application ofa semi-structured instrument which addressed the working conditions and sociodemographic aspects of these workers. Statistical data processing was performed using thePPEInfo v. 7.2.1.0. This research was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee under opinion number 3.466.070. Results: One hundred people participated in the study, predominantly male participants (66%). It was observed that exposure to the sun caused by erythema in 23% of respondents. Regarding the use of personal protective equipment(PPE) during labor activity, 63% of respondents used only one PPE, with a higher prevalence of wearing a long-sleeved shirt in 26% of the participants. Thus, it was possible to note that the non-use of PPE and sun exposure due to work activities are considerable risk factors that can lead to serious consequences for workers' health, such as the occurrence of skin cancer. Conclusions:It is essential to rethink strategies in favor of the health of this group so that both the employee and the employer are aware of the Regulatory Norms that aim to support the work activity with cashew and its derivatives.

Epidemiological evaluation of jaw cysts according to the new WHO classification: a 30-year retrospective analysis

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiology of maxillofacial odontogenic and non-odontogenic cysts diagnosed for 30 years in a Brazilian population. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. Biopsy records were obtained from the archives of a Brazilian referral center between 1989 and 2019. Data regarding age, gender, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis were collected and categorized. Further, a literature search for similar studies was performed. A total of 6.994 biopsy records were evaluated, but only 367 (5.24%) cases were classified as odontogenic cysts (OC) or non-odontogenic cysts (NOC). Among all cystic lesions, 341 cases (92.9%) were OC and 26 cases (7.1%) were NOC. These lesions were more common in females (n = 208 / 56.67%) and located mostly in the mandible (n = 195 / 53.1%). In patients with OC, the radicular cyst was the most frequent (n = 134 / 36.5%), followed by the dentigerous cyst (n = 101 / 27.5%) and the odontogenic keratocyst (n = 52 / 14.2%). Patients with NOC had a higher frequency of epidermoid cyst (n = 12 / 3.3%), oral lymphoepithelial cyst (n = 7 / 1.9%), and nasopalatine duct cyst (n = 4 / 1.1%). The OCs were more prevalent than NOCs, and inflammatory cysts were the most common among all the OCs.

Raman hyperspectral imaging and a novel approach for objective determination of the order of crossing ink lines.

The determination of the chronological order of crossing ink lines is a difficult problem in the examination of Questioned Documents. Modern methodologies are based on non-destructive chemical and physical analysis. However, the determination of the chronological sequence of crossing ink lines remains visual and subjective. This manuscript describes a study where Raman hyperspectral imaging is associated with different chemometric techniques and a novel method is applied for the objective determination of the chronological order of gel pen ink crossings. Eight blue and black gel pens of different brands were used to prepare 56 crossings on white paper. Raman mapping analyzed the entire crossing and the hyperspectral images were treated with k-means, Multivariate Curve Resolution - Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) and Partial Least Squares - Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA). The order of crossings was determined visually and using a novel method that consisted in calculating the relative quantity of pixels of each ink in the crossing region that were equal or higher than an established threshold. Different thresholds were tested using mean and standard deviation. The MCR-ALS and the thresholds mean minus 1,96 of the standard deviation and the mean minus 2575 of the standard deviation determined correctly more than 70% of the crossings. This method proved to be more efficient than microscopy examination and more objective since no inconclusive determinations were obtained. The methodology is promising for entirely objective and highly effective determination of the chronological sequence of crossing ink lines.

Evaluating the potential of near infrared hyperspectral imaging associated with multivariate data analysis for examining crossing ink lines.

The determination of the chronological sequence of crossing ink lines is a recurrent issue in the forensic examination of questioned documents. This manuscript intends to evaluate the potential of hyperspectral imaging in the near infrared range (HSI-NIR) combined with multivariate data analysis for rapid, objective and nondestructive analysis of crossing ink lines made with black pens. Twenty-one black gel and ballpoint pens from different brands and models were employed to prepare crossing combinations in both orders in white office paper. An initial pre-selection and extraction step using the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) scores plot arranged as histograms was necessary for extracting the inks spectra. Then, Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was applied for selection of the most important variables. Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) in the augmented form was performed using both the raw and the pre-processed spectra. However, the pre-processing of spectra resulted in incorrect identification of pixels in the inks distribution maps. The MCR-ALS results obtained using the raw spectra allowed the correct determination of the order of crossings in only one pair of gel-gel pen crossings. The remainder were either impossible to discriminate ink from paper or the skipping of one pen ink line led to incorrect determinations in one of the orders. In spite of the practical advantages of the HSI-NIR for document examination and the different chemometric approaches considered for surpassing some of the spectral limitations, the results obtained demonstrate the difficulties of using this technology for application in real forensic cases.

Clinical and histopathological study of actinic cheilitis / Estudo clínico e histopatológico das queilites actínicas

Abstract Introduction Actinic cheilitis is a inflammatory condition affecting mainly the lower lip and it is caused by chronic and excessive exposure of the lips to the ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. Objective Identifying clinical and histopathologic characteristics in 40 cases histopathologically diagnosed as actinic cheilitis. In addition, to investigate possible associations between these aspects. Method Defined as an observational, transversal, retrospective and descriptive study, it registered data regarding age, gender, occupation, symptomatology, records of sun exposure, frequency of sunblock use, tabagism, skin color, clinical aspect and histopathological classification. The data was submitted to the chi square test of Pearson (p<0.05). Result There was a predominance of male gender, leucodermia, and ages ranging between 50 and 60 years. The most common occupation was farming. From our sample, 85% had history of chronic sun exposure, in which 50% reported the use of some type of sunblock and only 25% were smokers. The main clinical condition was non-ulcerated leukoplakia and in the histopathological study, the hyperkeratosis were more common. A correlation between the degree of tissue alteration verified in the histopathological diagnosis and the studied clinical variables was not established (p=0.112). Conclusion The clinical aspect of the wound can conceal tissue alterations in different stages, emphasizing the importance of a premature diagnosis.

Resumo Introdução A queilite actínica e uma condição de natureza inflamatória que acomete o lábio inferior, e é causada pela exposição prolongada e crônica dos lábios à radiação ultravioleta proveniente dos raios solares. Objetivo Identificar as características clínicas e histopatológicas em uma série de 40 casos diagnosticados histopatologicamente como queilite actínica. Além disso, investigar possíveis associações entre estes aspectos. Método Caracterizado como um estudo observacional, transversal, retrospectivo e descritivo. Foram registrados dados a respeito da idade, gênero, ocupação, sintomatologia, histórico de exposição ao sol, uso de proteção solar, tabagismo, cor da pele, aspecto clínico e classificação histopatológica. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste de Qui-Quadrado de Pearson (p<0,05). Resultado Houve uma prevalência do gênero masculino, leucodermas, com faixa etária entre 50 e 60 anos e a ocupação mais presente foi a de agricultor. Da amostra, 85% apresentou histórico de exposição crônica ao sol, onde 50% relatou uso de algum tipo de proteção solar e apenas 25% era tabagista. A principal apresentação clínica foi leucoplasia não ulcerada, e no estudo histopatológico as hiperceratoses foram as mais presentes. Não foi possível correlacionar o grau de alteração tecidual verificada no diagnóstico histopatológico com as variáveis clínicas estudadas (p=0,112). Conclusão Não foi possível correlacionar o grau de alteração tecidual verificada no diagnóstico histopatológico com os aspectos clínicos observados. O aspecto clínico da lesão pode mascarar alterações teciduais em diversos estágios, o que enaltece a importância do diagnóstico precoce.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Galectins-1, -3, and -7 in Periapical Granulomas, Radicular Cysts, and Residual Radicular Cysts.

INTRODUCTION: Galectins play important roles in immunoinflammatory responses, but their participation in the development of periapical lesions remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the expressions of galectins-1, -3, and -7 in periapical lesions, correlating them with the intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and the pattern of the cystic epithelium. METHODS: Twenty periapical granulomas (PGs), 20 radicular cysts (RCs), and 20 residual radicular cysts (RRCs) were submitted to immunohistochemistry using anti-galectin-1, -3, and -7 antibodies. The percentage of immunopositive cells in epithelial and connective tissues was determined. RESULTS: In connective tissue, PGs exhibited higher cytoplasmic/membrane expression of galectins-1 and -7 than RCs and RRCs (P < .05). There was higher nuclear expression of galectin-1 in PGs compared with RCs and RRCs (P < .05). The expression of galectins-1 and -7 in connective tissue was higher in lesions with grade III inflammation (P < .05). No significant differences in galectin-3 immunoexpression were observed for any of the parameters evaluated (P > .05). In the epithelial component, a higher nuclear expression of galectin-7 was detected in RRCs (P < .05), and a higher cytoplasmic/membrane expression of this protein was found in cysts with hyperplastic epithelium (P < .05). Positive correlations were observed between the nuclear and cytoplasmic/membrane expression of galectin-1 in connective tissue (P < .05) as well as between the nuclear and cytoplasmic/membrane expression of galectin-7 in epithelial tissue of cysts (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Galectins-1 and -7 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of PGs, RCs, and RRCs. On the other hand, the present results suggest only a minor involvement of galectin-3 in the development of these lesions.

Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst associated with multinucleated giant cell reaction: report of unusual findings / Cisto odontogênico ortoceratinizado associado à reação de células gigantes multinucleadas: relato de achados incomuns

ABSTRACT Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts are developmental odontogenic cysts, presenting with low frequency, low rate of recurrence and their ethiopathogenesis is unknown. Radiographically, they show a radiolucent area in the mandibular posterior region. The aim of this report is to describe an unusual case of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts, radiographically exhibiting radiopaque areas with an aspect of calcifications in the lesion. Based on this, the clinical hypothesis of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma was suggested. After incisional biopsy and microscopic analysis, the conclusive diagnosis was orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts. The radiopaque foci were observed to be associated with a foreign body reaction. The patient was submitted to surgery under local anesthesia, with intraoral access for complete excision of the lesion and to re-establish esthetics. After follow-up of 24 months there were no signs of recurrence. Knowledge of this type of reaction is important because of the risk that the lesion may mimic a potentially more aggressive lesion, affecting the choice of treatment.

RESUMO Os cistos odontogênicos ortoceratinizados são cistos de desenvolvimento de origem odontogênica, de baixa frequência, etiopatogenia desconhecida e baixa taxa de recorrência. Radiograficamente, apresenta-se como uma área radiolúcida em região posterior de mandíbula. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever um caso não usual de cistos odontogênicos ortoceratinizados, que exibia, radiograficamente, focos radiopacos semelhantes à calcificações, no interior da lesão, sugerindo diagnóstico clínico de fibro-odontoma ameloblástico. Após a biópsia incisional e análise microscópica, o diagnóstico conclusivo foi de cistos odontogênicos ortoceratinizados. Observou-se que os focos radiopacos estavam associados, microscopicamente, a presença de uma reação de células gigantes multinucleadas por corpo estranho. O paciente foi tratado cirurgicamente, sob anestesia local, com acesso intrabucal para remoção total da lesão, com o restabelecimento da estética e sem sinais de recidiva após 24 meses. A importância do conhecimento deste tipo de reação dar-se pelo risco de mimetizar uma lesão potencialmente mais agressiva, direcionando a escolha do tratamento da lesão.

Análise do uso da terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento endodôntico com base em um Congresso Odontológico

Um dos objetivos do tratamento endodôntico é a máxima desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares, bem como, a prevenção da sua reinfecção. A terapia fotodinâmica surge como um método coadjuvante na etapa de desinfecção obtendo significativa redução microbiana. Objetivo: traçar um panorama do perfil de uso da terapia fotodinâmica na endodontia no Brasil com base num Congresso de Odontologia e analisar o protocolo utilizado na desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares. Materiais e método: realizou-se um estudo transversal, por meio da observação indireta dos resumos publicados nos anais da Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Odontológica acerca do uso da terapia fotodinâmica na endodontia nos anos de 2013 a 2016. A coleta foi realizada por dois examinadores e as informações foram organizadas e analisadas no programa Statistical Program Software e apresentadas por meio da estatística descritiva. Resultados: foram encontrados 97 trabalhos com 37,1% no ano de 2016; 26,8% no ano de 2014; 18,6% em 2015 e 17,5% em 2013. Observou-se que 40,2% correspondiam a estudos in vitro, 68% tendo finalidade antibacteriana. Em 25,8% associaram o hipoclorito de sódio com outras substâncias químicas auxiliares e 81,4% utilizaram o hidróxido de cálcio como medica- ção intracanal. O azul de metileno foi o fotossensibilizador mais descrito. Conclusão: a terapia fotodinâmica mostra-se promissora como coadjuvante ao tratamento endodôntico convencional. Fazem-se necessárias mais pesquisas, pois ainda não existe um protocolo padrão para o uso da terapia fotodinâmica na endodontia.

Granulomas de anéis hialinos em mixoma odontogênico: um caso incomum / Hyaline ring granulomas in odontogenic myxoma: an unusual case

Os granulomas de anéis hialinos são achados histopatológicos incomuns, cuja etiopatogênese permanece incompletamente estabelecida. Na cavidade oral, estes achados microscópicos têm sido descritos em lesões extraósseas e intraósseas, com destaque para os cistos odontogênicos inflamatórios. No entanto, relatos sobre granulomas de anéis hialinos em tumores odontogênicos são escassos. Objetivo: Relatar o primeiro caso de granulomas de anéis hialinos em mixoma odontogênico, bem como, discutir a etiopatogênese e os aspectos clínico-patológicos destes achados microscópicos em tumores odontogênicos. Caso clínico: Paciente do sexo masculino, 30 anos, apresentava tumefação de consistência fibrosa, localizada no lado esquerdo do corpo de mandíbula, com aproximadamente 3,3 cm de extensão. Radiograficamente, observou- -se uma lesão osteolítica estendendo-se da distal do dente 35 até a região anterior do ramo ascendente da mandíbula. Foi realizada a biópsia incisional e o exame histopatológico revelou uma proliferação de células ovoides, fusiformes e estreladas dispostas em um estroma mixomatoso. Com base nestes achados, foi estabelecido o diagnóstico de mixoma odontogênico e o paciente foi submetido à ressecção parcial da mandíbula. O exame microscópico da peça cirúrgica, que confirmou o diagnóstico prévio de mixoma odontogênico, revelou a presença de pequenas e eventuais massas hialinas ovoides homogêneas/ fibrilares e estruturas arredondadas que circunscreviam material eosinofílico amorfo, compatíveis com granulomas de anéis hialinos. Conclusão: Os achados do presente caso revelam que, em tumores odontogênicos, os granulomas de anéis hialinos podem se apresentar como estruturas inconspícuas e, possivelmente, possuem uma origem exógena.

Hyaline ring granulomas are uncommon histopathological findings which their etiopathogenesis is still not well established. In the oral cavity, these microscopic findings have been described in extraosseous and intraosseous lesions, with emphasis in inflammatory odontogenic cysts. However, reports of hyaline ring granulomas in odontogenic tumors are scarce. Objective: To report the first case of hyaline ring granulomas in an odontogenic myxoma, as well as to discuss the etiopathogenesis and clinical-pathological aspects of these microscopic findings in odontogenic tumors. Case report: A 30-year-old male patient had a fibrous swelling in the left posterior region of the mandible with approximately 3.3 cm of extension. Radiographically, an osteolytic lesion extending from the distal region of tooth 35 to the anterior region of the ascending ramus of the mandible was observed. Incisional biopsy was performed and histopathological examination revealed a proliferation of ovoid, spindle and stellate-shaped cells within a myxomatous stroma. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of odontogenic myxoma was made and the patient underwent partial resection of the mandible. Microscopic examination of the surgical specimen, which confirmed the previous diagnosis of odontogenic myxoma, revealed the presence of small and occasional ovoid homogenous/ fibrillar hyaline masses and round structures enclosing amorphous eosinophilic material, which were compatible with hyaline ring granulomas. Conclusion: The findings of the present case reinforce that in odontogenic tumors, hyaline ring granulomas appear as inconspicuous structures and, probably have an exogenous origin.

Adenocarcinoma polimorfo de baixo grau de grandes proporções em paciente idoso: relato de caso não usual / Large polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma in elderly patient: unusual case report

O adenocarcinoma polimorfo de baixo grau (APBG) é uma neoplasia maligna que ocorre predominantemente em glândulas salivares menores e exibe baixa tendência para o comportamento agressivo e a disseminação metastática. O presente trabalho objetiva relatar um caso de APBG em paciente idoso que se configurou como não usual, especialmente pela grande dimensão apresentada pela lesão. Adicionalmente, serão abordados os principais critérios para um correto diagnóstico diferencial com outras neoplasias de glândulas salivares. Paciente, 92 anos, sexo masculino, tabagista, apresentava um tumor assintomático na região esquerda do palato, recoberto por mucosa de coloração normal com áreas telangiectásicas, medindo aproximadamente 7,4 cm. Sob hipótese diagnóstica de carcinoma mucoepidermoide foi realizada uma biópsia do tipo incisional. Após análise histopatológica, os achados microscópicos foram compatíveis com APBG e o paciente foi encaminhado para o cirurgião de cabeça e pescoço. O APBG é uma neoplasia maligna de glândulas salivares que exibe baixa tendência para o comportamento agressivo e se apresenta, geralmente, como um nódulo indolor. No entanto, como o APBG pode alcançar grandes dimensões, os autores ressaltam a importância de um criterioso diagnóstico deste tumor, a fim de diferenciá-lo de outras neoplasias de comportamento biológico e prognóstico diferentes

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a malignant tumor which occurs predominantly in minor salivary glands and exhibits low tendency for aggressive behavior and metastatic spread. The aim of this paper is to report an unusual case of PLGA in an elderly patient, specially because of the large size of the lesion. Furthermore, the main criteria for differential diagnosis between PLGA and other salivary gland neoplasms will be discussed. A 92-year-old male patient, who was a smoker, presented with an asymptomatic tumor on the left portion of the palate, covered by normal mucosa with telangiectatic areas, measuring about 7.4 cm. The diagnostic hypothesis was mucoepidermoid carcinoma and incisional biopsy was done. Histopathologic features were compatible with PLGA and the patient was referred to the head and neck surgeon. PLGA is a malignant salivary gland neoplasm that exhibits low tendency for aggressive behavior and usually presents as a non-tender nodule. Nevertheless, since PLGA can reach a large size, the authors emphasize the importance of an accurate diagnosis of this tumor in order to differentiate it from other neoplasms with different biological behavior and prognosis

Determination of detergent and dispensant additives in gasoline by ring-oven and near infrared hypespectral imaging.

A method using the ring-oven technique for pre-concentration in filter paper discs and near infrared hyperspectral imaging is proposed to identify four detergent and dispersant additives, and to determine their concentration in gasoline. Different approaches were used to select the best image data processing in order to gather the relevant spectral information. This was attained by selecting the pixels of the region of interest (ROI), using a pre-calculated threshold value of the PCA scores arranged as histograms, to select the spectra set; summing up the selected spectra to achieve representativeness; and compensating for the superimposed filter paper spectral information, also supported by scores histograms for each individual sample. The best classification model was achieved using linear discriminant analysis and genetic algorithm (LDA/GA), whose correct classification rate in the external validation set was 92%. Previous classification of the type of additive present in the gasoline is necessary to define the PLS model required for its quantitative determination. Considering that two of the additives studied present high spectral similarity, a PLS regression model was constructed to predict their content in gasoline, while two additional models were used for the remaining additives. The results for the external validation of these regression models showed a mean percentage error of prediction varying from 5 to 15%.

Concordância diagnóstica em Endodontia em clínicas odontológicas / Degree of diagnostic agreement in Endodontics in dental clinics

Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de acadêmicos de Odontologia frente à correta interpretação dos recursos semiotécnicos utilizados no diagnóstico endodôntico, bem como a concordância com a hipótese diagnóstica sugerida pelos mesmos. Métodos: Foram avaliados 49 prontuários odontológicos, corretamente preenchidos, de pacientes atendidos em uma clínica de Endodontia nos períodos correspondentes ao segundo semestre de 2007 e primeiro semestre de 2008. Resultados: Revelaram alto grau de concordância diagnóstica entre as hipóteses sugeridas pelos acadêmicos e a dos pesquisadores, representadas por 71,43% dos casos. Apontaram, também, erro de diagnóstico de 80,00% para a condição de pulpite reversível, sendo esta confundida com pulpite irreversível em 60,00% dos casos e, em 20,00% com necrose pulpar.Conclusão: A necrose pulpar foi a condição mais facilmente diagnosticada pelos alunos, com um percentual de 93,90%, seguida de pulpite irreversível, 27,30%, e pulpite reversível, 20,00%. Podendo-se inferir que é imperativa a junção do componente teórico com a experiência clínica como ponto de partida para o sucesso da terapia endodôntica.

Objective: To evaluate the skill of dental students to perform a correct interpretation of technical semiotic resources used in endodontic diagnosis as well as their agreement with the hypothetical diagnosis suggested by these students.  Methods: A total of 49 correctly completed dental records of patients who attended an endodontics clinic during the second half of 2007 and the first half of 2008, were assessed. Results: The results showed a high level of diagnostic agreement between the hypotheses suggested by the students and those of the researchers, represented by 71.43% of the cases. They also pointed out a diagnostic error of 80% for the condition of reversible pulpitis, which was mistaken for irreversible pulpitis in 60% of the cases, and for pulp necrosis in 20% of the cases. Conclusion: Pulp necrosis was the condition most easily diagnosed by the students, with a percentage of 93.9%, followed by irreversible pulpitis at 27.3%, and reversible pulpitis at 20%. It could be inferred that it is imperative to combine the theoretical basis and clinical expertise as the starting point for successful endodontic therapy.

Utilização de restaurações indiretas na reabilitação de dentes decíduos anquilosados / Utilization of indirect restorations in rehabilitation of ankylosed deciduous teeth

A anquilose consiste na fusão anatômica do cemento dentário com o osso alveolar, situação que provoca a infra-oclusão do elemento dentário, evento comumente encontrado em molares decíduos e que pode causar prejuízo no desenvolvimento da oclusão. Na clínica odontopediátrica o diagnóstico precoce se torna fundamental, posto que dependendo do grau de severidade serão adotadas condutas diferentes para o tratamento. As restaurações indiretas em resina composta são indicadas como opção clinica no manejo desta situação, proporcionando a reabilitação funcional e oclusal. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de um paciente infantil do sexo feminino com sete anos de idade, no qual os primeiros molares decíduos inferiores encontravam-se em infra-oclusão de grau leve. O tratamento escolhido foi a reabilitação por meio de restaurações indiretas em resina composta, posto que se constitui de uma técnica de fácil execução e baixo custo. O exame radiográfico de controle após seis meses mostrou a reabsorção fisiológica de ambos os elementos dentários, demonstrando o sucesso do procedimento.

Ankylosis is the anatomical fusion of cementum with alveolar bone, a situation that causes tooth infra-occlusion, an event commonly found in primary molars and that can cause damage in the occlusion development. Early diagnosis in pediatric dentistry is fundamental, because depending on the severity degree different approaches for treatment will be adopted. Indirect restorations with composite resins are indicated as a clinical option to managing this situation, providing functional and occlusal rehabilitation. The aim of this work was to report the case of a female child patient, seven years old, whose first lower deciduous molars were in mild infraocclusion. The treatment selected was rehabilitation with indirect restorations with composite resins, because it is a simple technique with low cost. The control x-ray examination after six months showed the physiological root resorption of both teeth, demonstrating the success of the procedure.

Resistência à fratura de dentes reforçados com pinos pré-fabricados utilizando diferentes agentes cimentantes / Resistance to fracture of teeth reinforced with different pre-fabricated posts, using different cementing agents

O estudo comparou in vitro a resistência à fratura em dentes tratados endodonticamente reforçados com pinos intra-radiculares pré-fabricados, utilizando diferentes agentes cimentantes. Cinquenta dentes humanos permanentes unirradiculares obturados, foram divididos em 5 grupos: G I-controle (sem pino); G II- pino de fibra de carbono + cimento Rely X; G III- pino de fibra de carbono + cimento Enforce; G IV- pino de fibra de vidro + cimento Rely X; G V- pino de fibra de vidro + cimento En-force. Após cimentação dos pinos e restauração coronal, as raízes foram incluídas em resina acrílica quimicamente ativada e submetidos à carga de compressão em uma Máquina Universal de Ensaios (Instron 5582). Os dados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente pelos testes Exato de Fisher e o teste F (ANOVA), a um nível de signifcância de 5,0%, os quais demonstraram que em relação ao local da interface no grupo total, a maioria (67,5%) das amostras teve fratura na interface dente/agente cimentante; destacou-se também que a freqüência de fraturas no dente/agente cimentante variou de 4 (grupo V) a 10 (grupo III), diferenças estas significante entre os grupos. Concluiu-se que o uso dos pinos pré-fabricados não proporcionou aumento na resistência dos dentes tratados endodonticamente; o pino de fibra de vidro em associação ao sistema Enforce mostrou-se superior na resistência à fratura, sendo estatisticamente signifcante quando comparado ao grupo Enforce / pino de fibra de carbono; em relação à resistência de união, o maior comprometimento se deu na interface agente cimentante/dente quando comparada ao agente cimentante/pino.

The study compared in vitro the resistance to fracture of teeth endodontically treated reinforced with prefabricated intra-radicular posts, cemented with diferent cementation agents. Fifty permanents human teeth which had only one root was filled and divided in five groups: G I- control (without pin); G II carbon-fiber post + Rely X cement; G III carbon-fiber post + Enforce cement; G- IV fiber core post + Rely-X cement; G-V f- ber core post + Enforce cement. After cementation of this posts and coronal restoration, the root was included in self-activated acrylic resin and was submited to compressive axial loading in a Universal Testing Machine (Instron 5582). The results were statistically analyzed by Exato de Fisher test and test F (ANOVA), with 5,0 % signifcance, which demonstrated that in relation to the interface place in the total group, the majority (67,5%) of the samples had fracture on interface tooth/cementation agent ; the frequency of fractures on teeth/cementation agent varied from 4 (group V) to 10 (group III), and these diferences were significant among the groups. It was concluded that the use of prefabricated intra radicular posts couldn´t intensify the resistance of endodontically treated teeth; fiber core post associated to Enforce cement was more resistant to fracture, and statistically significant than carbon-fiber post and Enforce cement group. About bond strength the interface cement agent/teeth was less resistant than cement agent/pin.

Avaliação clínica do processo de cicatrização da papila interdentária após aumento de coroa clínica / Clinical evaluation of the interdental papilla in posterior teeth following crown lengthening procedures

A área interdentária é reconhecidamente o sítio anatômico com maior comprometimento pela doença periodontal. A perda da papila interdentária é um dos mais drásticos problemas estéticos do sorriso. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o reparo da papila interdentária submetida à cirurgia de aumento de coroa clínica, analisando a presença de alterações morfológicas (cratera e dobra), na coloração e na textura da papila interdentária, antes e após a cirurgia. Para isto, foram selecionados aleatoriamente dez pacientes voluntários, atendidos no curso de Especialização em Periodontia da Universidade de Fortaleza, que necessitavam de cirurgia de aumento de coroa clínica em dentes posteriores, os quais foram avaliados no período pré-operatório e pós-operatório de uma semana e dois meses. Os resultados mostraram aumento de dobras e crateras na primeira semana em relação ao pré-operatório, assim como também alterações na coloração e textura. Durante o processo de cicatrização, comparando-se o período pós-operatório imediato com o de dois meses, houve uma pequena regressão das alterações morfológicas; já em relação à coloração e textura, houve uma diminuição significativa.