Detection of IgG antibodies against the receptor binding domain of the spike protein and nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 at university students from Southern Mexico: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Natural infection and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is associated with the development of immunity against the structural proteins of the virus. Specifically, the two most immunogenic are the S (spike) and N (nucleocapsid) proteins. Seroprevalence studies performed in university students provide information to estimate the number of infected patients (symptomatic or asymptomatic) and generate knowledge about the viral spread, vaccine efficacy, and epidemiological control. Which, the aim of this study was to evaluate IgG antibodies against the S and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2 at university students from Southern Mexico. METHODS: A total of 1418 serum samples were collected from eighteen work centers of the Autonomous University of Guerrero. Antibodies were detected by Indirect ELISA using as antigen peptides derived from the S and N proteins. RESULTS: We reported a total seroprevalence of 39.9% anti-S/N (positive to both antigens), 14.1% anti-S and 0.5% anti-N. The highest seroprevalence was reported in the work centers from Costa Grande, Acapulco and Centro. Seroprevalence was associated with age, COVID-19, contact with infected patients, and vaccination. CONCLUSION: University students could play an essential role in disseminating SARS-CoV-2. We reported a seroprevalence of 54.5% against the S and N proteins, which could be due to the high population rate and cultural resistance to safety measures against COVID-19 in the different regions of the state.

Bloqueos de pared anterior de tórax en cirugía de cáncer de mama: estudio comparativo retrospectivo de casos y controles / Chest wall blocks for breast cancer surgery: A retrospective comparative case-control study

Objetivos: Determinar eficacia analgésica perioperatoria de bloqueos de la pared anterior del tórax (BLOC) en cirugía de cáncer de mama (CCM), valorando requerimientos de opioides intraoperatorio, intensidad de dolor y necesidad de analgesia durante las primeras 24 h del postoperatorio. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo comparativo de casos y controles. Se revisaron 112 historias de pacientes sometidas a CCM durante marzo-octubre del 2016. El grupo 1 estuvo conformado por 25 pacientes sometidas a CCM bajo anestesia general total intravenosa (TIVA)+BLOC; el grupo 2 por 24 pacientes sometidas a CCM bajo TIVA. Se excluyó a pacientes que recibieron otro tipo de técnica anestésica locorregional, anestesia inhalatoria u otro opioide diferente de fentanilo. Resultados: Los requerimientos de fentanilo intraoperatorio (μg/kg/h) fueron menores en el grupo 1 que en grupo 2 (TIVA+BLOC: 0,486±0,561; TIVA: 2,415+0,922); no se administró fentanilo durante el acto anestésico-quirúrgico en el 48% de las pacientes del grupo 1. Solo se registraron puntuaciones menores en la intensidad del dolor medida con la escala verbal numérica (EVN) en el grupo 1 a las 6 y 12 h poscirugía. Conclusiones: El uso de BLOC redujo significativamente los requerimientos de opioides intraoperatorios. No hubo diferencias en los requerimientos de analgesia suplementaria durante las primeras 24 h

Objectives: To determine the analgesic effect of chest wall blocks (BLOCs) in breast cancer surgery (BCS) by measuring intraoperative opioid requirements, pain intensity and supplementary analgesia requirements during the first 24hours after surgery. Materials and methods: Retrospective comparative case-control study. We reviewed 112 medical records of patients who underwent BCS from March to October 2016. Group 1 was composed of 25 patients who underwent BCS under total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) and BLOCs; group 2 was composed of 24 patients with BCS under TIVA. Patients who underwent another type of locoregional anaesthetic technique, received inhaled anaesthesia or an opioid other than fentanyl were excluded. Results: Intraoperative fentanyl requirements (μg/kg/hour) were much lower in group 1 (TIVA+BLOCs: 0.486+0.561, TIVA: 2.415+0.922). Fentanyl was not administered during anaesthesia/surgery in 48% of patients in group 1. Group 1 reported lower scores on the numeric verbal scale (NVS) of pain at 6 and 12hours after surgery. Conclusions: The use of BLOCs reduced intraoperative opioid requirements, but there was no difference in the requirements for supplementary analgesia during the first 24hours

MonoRes: Automatic and Accurate Estimation of Local Resolution for Electron Microscopy Maps.

Since the beginning of electron microscopy, resolution has been a critical parameter. In this article, we propose a fully automatic, accurate method for determining the local resolution of a 3D map (MonoRes). The foundation of this algorithm is an extension of the concept of analytic signal, termed monogenic signal. The map is filtered at different frequencies and the amplitude of the monogenic signal is calculated, after which a criterion is applied to determine the resolution at each voxel. MonoRes is fully automatic without compulsory user parameters, with great accuracy in all tests, and is computationally more rapid than existing methods in the field. In addition, MonoRes offers the option of local filtering of the original map based on the calculated local resolution.

Miro-1 links mitochondria and microtubule Dynein motors to control lymphocyte migration and polarity.

The recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation is crucial for a functional immune response. In the present work, we explored the role of mitochondria in lymphocyte adhesion, polarity, and migration. We show that during adhesion to the activated endothelium under physiological flow conditions, lymphocyte mitochondria redistribute to the adhesion zone together with the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in an integrin-dependent manner. Mitochondrial redistribution and efficient lymphocyte adhesion to the endothelium require the function of Miro-1, an adaptor molecule that couples mitochondria to microtubules. Our data demonstrate that Miro-1 associates with the dynein complex. Moreover, mitochondria accumulate around the MTOC in response to the chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1α; this redistribution is regulated by Miro-1. CXCL12-dependent cell polarization and migration are reduced in Miro-1-silenced cells, due to impaired myosin II activation at the cell uropod and diminished actin polymerization. These data point to a key role of Miro-1 in the control of lymphocyte adhesion and migration through the regulation of mitochondrial redistribution.