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1.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 32(10): 647-653, dic. 2014. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-130108

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Describir el uso de carbapenémicos en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados fuera de las unidades de cuidados intensivos y oncohematología, y evaluar la adecuación de su prescripción a un protocolo terapéutico. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo observacional, entre enero de 2009 y diciembre de 2010, sobre la utilización de carbapenémicos en niños hospitalizados, por patología infecciosa comunitaria y relacionada con asistencia sanitaria, en el área infantil del Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, en Barcelona, excluyendo las unidades de cuidados intensivos, neonatología y oncohematología. Se recogieron datos clínicos y de consumo de antibióticos, facilitados por el Servicio de Farmacia. RESULTADOS: Cumplían los criterios de inclusión 51 episodios. En el 31,4% se indicó un carbapenémico como tratamiento empírico inicial; en el resto fue como tratamiento de rescate. Se adecúan a las indicaciones del protocolo el 70,6% de las prescripciones empíricas y el 87,5% de las dirigidas. Globalmente, el 77,6% de las prescripciones de un carbapenémico se ajustaron a las indicaciones del protocolo. En los pacientes con un ingreso previo o una enfermedad de base la prescripción empírica tiene una mejor adecuación. Factores como el diagnóstico al ingreso, la edad o la antibioterapia previa al ingreso no mostraron ninguna tendencia respecto a la indicación empírica de un carbapenémico. CONCLUSIONES: La existencia de un protocolo de indicaciones de tratamiento con carbapenémicos establecido desde 2007 en el hospital ha permitido unos resultados de adecuación de la prescripción significativamente superiores a los obtenidos en otros estudios


OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of carbapenems in children hospitalised outside intensive care and onco-haematology units, and assess adherence to a therapeutic protocol. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on the use of carbapenems between January 2009 and December 2010. The study included children with a community-acquired infectious disease or a health care-associated infectious disease, and who were admitted to paediatric areas of the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain), other than intensive care, neonatology and onco-haematology units. Clinical data were collected and antibiotic consumption data were provided by the Pharmacy Department. RESULTS: A total of 51 episodes fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Carbapenem as initial empirical treatment was indicated in 31.4%, and applied as rescue therapy in the remainder. The instructions of the protocol were adhered to in 70.6% of the empirical and 87.5% of the targeted prescriptions (77.6% overall). A better match was found for empirical carbapenem in patients with a previous admission or underlying condition. Factors such as diagnosis, age or antibiotic use prior to admission did not affect the empirical indication of carbapenem. CONCLUSIONS: The establishment of a treatment protocol with carbapenem indications in our centre since 2007 has yielded significantly better results on the appropriateness of the prescription than those obtained in other studies


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Carbapenêmicos/metabolismo , Carbapenêmicos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/complicações , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/imunologia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/microbiologia , Protocolos Clínicos , Medicina Comunitária/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin ; 32(10): 647-53, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24355607

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of carbapenems in children hospitalised outside intensive care and onco-haematology units, and assess adherence to a therapeutic protocol. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted on the use of carbapenems between January 2009 and December 2010. The study included children with a community-acquired infectious disease or a health care-associated infectious disease, and who were admitted to paediatric areas of the Vall d'Hebron University Hospital (Barcelona, Spain), other than intensive care, neonatology and onco-haematology units. Clinical data were collected and antibiotic consumption data were provided by the Pharmacy Department. RESULTS: A total of 51 episodes fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Carbapenem as initial empirical treatment was indicated in 31.4%, and applied as rescue therapy in the remainder. The instructions of the protocol were adhered to in 70.6% of the empirical and 87.5% of the targeted prescriptions (77.6% overall). A better match was found for empirical carbapenem in patients with a previous admission or underlying condition. Factors such as diagnosis, age or antibiotic use prior to admission did not affect the empirical indication of carbapenem. CONCLUSIONS: The establishment of a treatment protocol with carbapenem indications in our centre since 2007 has yielded significantly better results on the appropriateness of the prescription than those obtained in other studies.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Carbapenêmicos/uso terapêutico , Fidelidade a Diretrizes/estatística & dados numéricos , Pré-Escolar , Protocolos Clínicos , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 134(2): 64-67, ene. 2010. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-83864

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivos: La afectación pulmonar es un marcador pronóstico en la inmunodeficiencia común variable (IDCV). Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron describir la afectación pulmonar en pacientes pediátricos con IDCV y correlacionarla con el retraso diagnóstico, los linfocitos B de memoria (MB, memory B cells) y las cifras de inmunoglobulina (Ig) G sérica al diagnóstico, así como describir la prevalencia de procesos alérgicos y autoinmunes. Pacientes y método: Estudio transversal de 17 pacientes con IDCV realizado en el Hospital Universitario Vall d′Hebron en 2007. Se utilizaron la razón de prevalencia y la razón odds de prevalencias para la comparación del efecto del fenotipo MB, de IgG y del retraso diagnóstico sobre las alteraciones pulmonares.Resultados: Presentaron bronquiectasias 5/17 pacientes. Un retraso diagnóstico superior a 5 años se asoció a mayor riesgo de daño pulmonar. El fenotipo MB0 y una IgG <400mg/dl al diagnóstico presentaron tendencia a la asociación, sin significación estadística. No hubo aumento de enfermedades alérgicas ni autoinmunes. Conclusiones: Un diagnóstico tardío supone una mayor afectación pulmonar en los pacientes con IDCV. El estudio de los linfocitos MB debería incluirse en el estudio de estos pacientes (AU)


Background and objective: Lung damage is considered to be key to Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) prognosis. We describe lung damage in pediatric CVID patients and assess its relationship with memory B cells (MB) phenotype, immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels at the time of diagnosis, and diagnostic delay. We also assessed the prevalence of allergy and autoimmune phenomena. Patients and method: Cross-sectional study of 17 CVID patients treated at Vall d’Hebron University Hospital. Prevalence ratio and prevalence odds ratio were used to assess the effect of MB cells phenotype, IgG levels and diagnostic delay on lung damage. Results: Five of seventeen patients presented bronchiectasis. Diagnostic delay >5 years was significantly associated with more severe lung damage. MBO phenotype and low IgG levels at the time of diagnosis showed a trend to more severe lung damage without reaching statistical signification. A higher prevalence of allergic or autoimmune phenomena was not observed. Conclusions: Latter diagnosis is associated with greater lung damage in CVID patients. The study of MB cells should be included in the study of these patients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Imunodeficiência de Variável Comum/complicações , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias/imunologia , Prognóstico , Estudos Transversais , Imunodeficiência de Variável Comum/epidemiologia , Prevalência
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