Reconstrucción de defectos totales del ala nasal en pacientes oncológicos / Nasal Ala Reconstruction for Total Defects in Cancer Patients

Introducción: El ala nasal es un área de frecuente incidencia de tumores malignos. La exéresis de estos, deja graves secuelas con repercusión negativa en el paciente. Objetivo: Caracterizar la reconstrucción de defectos totales del ala nasal en pacientes oncológicos. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, longitudinal y prospectivo en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología desde abril de 2014 hasta abril de 2017. La muestra quedó conformada por 32 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de selección. Resultados: Los pacientes del sexo masculino representaron la mayoría en el estudio. El carcinoma basal fue el diagnóstico histológico más frecuente. La resección de tumores primarios que resultaron en defectos aislados del ala nasal fueron el principal motivo de reconstrucción. El mayor porcentaje de los casos se reconstruyó de forma inmediata. El colgajo frontal fue la técnica más empleada, el cual presentó los mejores resultados estéticos y funcionales. El injerto compuesto de piel presentó el mayor índice de complicaciones. Conclusiones: Con el colgajo frontal doblado sobre sí mismo sin injerto de cartílago, se lograron los mejores resultados estéticos y funcionales(AU)

Introduction: Ala nasi is an area of frequent incidence of malignant tumors, whose exeresis leaves serious sequels with negative impact on the patient. Objective: To characterize nasal ala reconstruction for total defects in cancer patients. Method: A descriptive, observational, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out at National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, from April 2014 to April 2017. The sample consisted of 32 patients who met the selection criteria. Results: The study majority was represented by male patients. Basal carcinoma was the most frequent histological diagnosis. Resection of primary tumors that resulted in isolated defects of the nasal ala were the main reason for reconstruction. The highest percentage of cases were reconstructed immediately. The forehead flap was the most used technique, and presented the best aesthetic and functional results. The composite skin graft presented the highest rate of complications. Conclusions: With the forehead flap folded on itself and without cartilage graft, the best aesthetic and functional results were achieved(AU)

Reconstrucción de defectos totales del ala nasal en pacientes oncológicos / Nasal Ala Reconstruction for Total Defects in Cancer Patients

Introducción: El ala nasal es un área de frecuente incidencia de tumores malignos. La exéresis de estos, deja graves secuelas con repercusión negativa en el paciente. Objetivo: Caracterizar la reconstrucción de defectos totales del ala nasal en pacientes oncológicos. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, longitudinal y prospectivo en el Instituto Nacional de Oncología y Radiobiología desde abril de 2014 hasta abril de 2017. La muestra quedó conformada por 32 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de selección. Resultados: Los pacientes del sexo masculino representaron la mayoría en el estudio. El carcinoma basal fue el diagnóstico histológico más frecuente. La resección de tumores primarios que resultaron en defectos aislados del ala nasal fueron el principal motivo de reconstrucción. El mayor porcentaje de los casos se reconstruyó de forma inmediata. El colgajo frontal fue la técnica más empleada, el cual presentó los mejores resultados estéticos y funcionales. El injerto compuesto de piel presentó el mayor índice de complicaciones. Conclusiones: Con el colgajo frontal doblado sobre sí mismo sin injerto de cartílago, se lograron los mejores resultados estéticos y funcionales(AU)

Introduction: Ala nasi is an area of frequent incidence of malignant tumors, whose exeresis leaves serious sequels with negative impact on the patient. Objective: To characterize nasal ala reconstruction for total defects in cancer patients. Method: A descriptive, observational, longitudinal and prospective study was carried out at National Institute of Oncology and Radiobiology, from April 2014 to April 2017. The sample consisted of 32 patients who met the selection criteria. Results: The study majority was represented by male patients. Basal carcinoma was the most frequent histological diagnosis. Resection of primary tumors that resulted in isolated defects of the nasal ala were the main reason for reconstruction. The highest percentage of cases were reconstructed immediately. The forehead flap was the most used technique, and presented the best aesthetic and functional results. The composite skin graft presented the highest rate of complications. Conclusions: With the forehead flap folded on itself and without cartilage graft, the best aesthetic and functional results were achieved(AU)

Reconstrucción de la pared abdominal con colgajo miocutáneo transverso de recto abdominal / Abdominal wall reconstruction with transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap

Los defectos de pared abdominal son un desafío para los cirujanos plásticos. El sarcoma de partes blandas es muy recidivante y hay que hacer amplias exéresis con margen oncológico y como consecuencia quedan amplias zonas por reconstruir. El colgajo transverso de recto abdominal es una opción reconstructiva de esta región con buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar los resultados de la reconstrucción inmediata de la pared abdominal luego de una amplia exéresis oncológica. Se presenta una paciente femenina, mestiza, de 60 años, con diagnóstico de sarcoma de partes blandas, que abarcaba todo el hemiabdomen ínfero izquierdo hasta límites del reborde costal izquierdo, comprometía aponeurosis, el músculo recto izquierdo, y pequeña parte del peritoneo que se reparó. Se decidió una amplia exéresis y se planificó la reconstrucción con un colgajo miocutáneo transverso de recto del abdomen. Se utilizaron mallas de polipropileno. Se logró la reconstrucción inmediata del defecto oncológico con buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales(AU)

Abdominal wall defects are a challenge for plastic surgeons. Soft-tissue sarcoma is very recurrent and it is necessary to make extensive exeresis with oncological margin and, as a result, there are large areas to be reconstructed. The transverse rectus abdominis flap is a reconstructive option for this region and with good aesthetic and functional results. The objective of the work is to show the results of the immediate reconstruction of the abdominal wall after an extensive oncological exeresis. We present the case of a female patient, mestiza, aged 60 years, with a diagnosis of soft-tissue sarcoma, which encompassed all the left inferior hemiabdomen to the left costal margin limits, compromised the aponeurosis, the left rectus muscle, and a small part of the peritoneum that was repaired. A wide exeresis was decided and the reconstruction was planned with a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. Polypropylene meshes were used. The immediate reconstruction of the oncological defect was achieved with good aesthetic and functional results(AU)

Reconstrucción de la pared abdominal con colgajo miocutáneo transverso de recto abdominal / Abdominal wall reconstruction with transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap

Los defectos de pared abdominal son un desafío para los cirujanos plásticos. El sarcoma de partes blandas es muy recidivante y hay que hacer amplias exéresis con margen oncológico y como consecuencia quedan amplias zonas por reconstruir. El colgajo transverso de recto abdominal es una opción reconstructiva de esta región con buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales. El objetivo del trabajo es mostrar los resultados de la reconstrucción inmediata de la pared abdominal luego de una amplia exéresis oncológica. Se presenta una paciente femenina, mestiza, de 60 años, con diagnóstico de sarcoma de partes blandas, que abarcaba todo el hemiabdomen ínfero izquierdo hasta límites del reborde costal izquierdo, comprometía aponeurosis, el músculo recto izquierdo, y pequeña parte del peritoneo que se reparó. Se decidió una amplia exéresis y se planificó la reconstrucción con un colgajo miocutáneo transverso de recto del abdomen. Se utilizaron mallas de polipropileno. Se logró la reconstrucción inmediata del defecto oncológico con buenos resultados estéticos y funcionales(AU)

Abdominal wall defects are a challenge for plastic surgeons. Soft-tissue sarcoma is very recurrent and it is necessary to make extensive exeresis with oncological margin and, as a result, there are large areas to be reconstructed. The transverse rectus abdominis flap is a reconstructive option for this region and with good aesthetic and functional results. The objective of the work is to show the results of the immediate reconstruction of the abdominal wall after an extensive oncological exeresis. We present the case of a female patient, mestiza, aged 60 years, with a diagnosis of soft-tissue sarcoma, which encompassed all the left inferior hemiabdomen to the left costal margin limits, compromised the aponeurosis, the left rectus muscle, and a small part of the peritoneum that was repaired. A wide exeresis was decided and the reconstruction was planned with a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. Polypropylene meshes were used. The immediate reconstruction of the oncological defect was achieved with good aesthetic and functional results(AU)

Fred L. Soper: talento y voluntad al servicio de la salud / Fred L. Soper: talent and will at service of health

El autor hace un recuento de la vida y obra del sanitarista norteamericano Fred L. Soper, desde 1920 hasta 1977, fecha en la que fallece

Servicios integrados de salud / Integrated Health Services

The problems of nutrition call for the adoption of varied techniques and the services of not only highly specialized professional and technical personnel, but also the continued cooperation of health personnel at all levels. No correctly formulated public health program should exclude nutrition activities, because these become far less effective when they are conducted separately. Specialized nutrition personnel should therefore become an important part of the health team, and the training of nutritionists and dieticians in the doctrine and structure of general health services is of the utmost importance

Of the two approaches to health programs, the vertical and the horizontal, it would seem more advisable to use the horizontal because it avoids fragmentation in specific campaigns and offers the advantage of permanent integration at all levels

There should be integration at both the technical and the administrative levels, and that will require a single command, the establishment of the central, regional and local levels, all of them under personnel supervision and service evaluation

The training of any kind of personnel whether at the technical or the auxiliary level, is a lengthy and costly process. However, the importance of such training to the Latin American health programs must be stressed because experience has shown the highly useful results that can be achieved at every level ...(AU)

Algunos aspectos epidemiológicos y administrativos del control de las enfermedades venéreas / Some epidemiological and administrative aspects of venereal diseases control

The article deals with the veneral disease problem from the public health administration viewpoint, and points to the need for narrowing the gap between our present scientific knowledge and its mass application. The extent of the problem and the epidemiological characteristics of venereal diseases are assessed, particulary in Latin America, where these diseases should be given due priority and their control should become a routine activity of health services at all levels rather than be handled through special vertical-type campaigns. A mechanism within the organization of public health is needed to ensure unity of technical direction, uniform working standards, and suitable personnel training. All personnel, both physicians and auxiliary workers, should give special attention to the performance of certain simple but essential tasks such as referral of suspect cases, application of simple epidemiological procedures, and health education

La enseñanza de la medicina preventiva y social en la Escuela de Medicina José Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela / Teaching of preventive and social medicine at the Jose Vargas School of Medicine, Central University of Venezuela

The authors describe the origin, development, and future plans of the Department of Preventive and Social Medicine recently established at the José Vargas School of Medicine of the Central University of Venezuela in Caracas. The Department began to function in January 1962 with a training program for the first and second years of the medical career. In the following academic year (1962-1963) the program extended into the third year, and in 1963-1964 into the fourth year. The Department hopes to cover a six-year training program. Its method of work is based on a greater coordination with the other departments of the School of Medicine, and on the continuous teaching of preventive and social medicine throughout the entire medical curriculum. Theoretical training is reduced to a minimum and greater emphasis is placed on objective teaching and on practice, which is offered at the preventive, medical, and social institutions of Caracas and surrounding areas. The present curriculum includes: first year, statistical methods in medicine; second year, social and anthropological aspects of medicine, microbiology, and epidemiology; third year, specialized microbiology and epidemiology, and applied preventive and social medicine, i.e., basic notions of environmental sanitation, health promotion, and social problems; and fourth year, clinical aspects of preventive medicine. The proposed plan for the fifth