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1.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 65(4): 316-320, jul.-ago. 2009. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-89364

RESUMO

El empleo de la laparoscopia en la urología pediátrica se ha extendido de forma significativa en los últimos años. Los beneficios de la laparoscopia están bien definidos, acorta la estancia hospitalaria, produce una recuperación más rápida y ofrece un mejor resultado estético. La orquidopexia y la nefrectomía laparoscópica son procedimientos ampliamente aceptados y se ofrecen como alternativas a la cirugía abierta. Aquellos procedimientos que demandan una mayor dependencia técnica, tales como la pieloplastia, la cirugía reconstructiva vesical y la reimplantación ureteral, se realizan en centros especialmente equipados y están a la espera de determinar sus beneficios potenciales (AU)


The use of laparoscopy in pediatric urology has suffered growth significantly over the last years. The benefits of laparoscopic procedures are well defined, shorter hospitalization, quicker return and aesthetic advantages. Laparoscopic orchiopexy and nephrectomy are become widely accepted as alternatives to open surgery. More technically demanding procedures, such as laparoscopic pieloplasty, bladder reconstruction and ureteral reimplantation are being performed at specially equipped centers and have not yet specified its potential benefits (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Doenças Urológicas/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Orquiectomia/métodos , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia
2.
J Pediatr Urol ; 5(1): 30-3, 2009 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18774747

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: We assessed clinical and urodynamic outcomes, over a minimum 10-year follow-up period, of neuropathic bladder patients treated with a bladder augmentation (BA) to determine if periodic urodynamic studies are needed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients with poorly compliant bladders underwent BA at a mean age of 11 years (2.5-18). Mean follow-up was 12 years (10-14.5) and mean patient age at the end of the study was 22 years (12.2-33). During follow-up all patients were controlled at regular intervals with urinary tract imaging, serum electrolyte and creatinine levels, cystoscopy and urodynamic studies. Preoperative, 1-year post-BA and latest urodynamic studies results were compared. RESULTS: Urodynamic studies at 1-year post-BA showed a significant increase in bladder capacity and a decrease in end-filling detrusor pressure compared with preoperative values (396 vs 106 ml; 10 vs 50 cm H(2)O, P<0.0001). The increase in bladder capacity was more significant at the end of the study than after 1 year (507.8 vs 396 ml, P<0.002). Thirteen patients had phasic contractions after 1 year and 11 at the end (not significant, NS), and these contractions were more frequent with colon than with ileum (NS). At the end of follow-up, phasic contraction pressure had decreased while trigger volume had increased (35 vs 28 cm H(2)O; 247 vs 353 ml, NS). All patients are dry and have normal renal function, except one who had mild renal insufficiency before BA. CONCLUSION: BA improves bladder capacity and pressure, and these changes are maintained over time (although phasic contractions do not disappear). Repeated urodynamic studies are only necessary when upper urinary tract dilatation or incontinence does not improve.


Assuntos
Monitorização Intraoperatória/métodos , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica/fisiologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/cirurgia
3.
J Pediatr Urol ; 4(1): 27-31, 2008 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18631888

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study assesses clinical outcome, after at least 8 years, of augmentation done before or at puberty in neuropathic bladders. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 29 children with neuropathic bladders who did not respond satisfactorily to clean intermittent catheterisation and anti-cholinergic therapy underwent enterocystoplasty at a mean age of 11.8 years (range 3-18). Twenty-one children (72.4%) had vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and/or ureterohydronephrosis and 22 (75.8%) had dimercapto-succinic acid scars, but all had normal renal function. All patients were followed at regular intervals with urinary tract imaging, serum electrolytes, creatinine, urodynamic evaluation and 24-h urine collection. Urine cytology, cystoscopy and biopsy were performed at the end of follow-up. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 11 years (range 8-14.5) and mean age at the end of follow-up was 22.2 years (range 13.2-31). Urodynamic studies showed a significant improvement in bladder compliance in all patients. Upper urinary tract dilatation disappeared in all, VUR in 13/17 (76.4%), and no new renal scarring occurred in any patient. At the end of follow-up, renal function was normal in all according to serum creatinine, but cystatin C levels were normal in 27 and elevated in two. Significant proteinuria and low concentrations of renin and aldosterone were present in 80% and 82%, respectively. Only one patient had urinary tract infection, three had bladder stones, and in another a catheterisable channel was made. All patients were dry with normal urine cytology and cystoscopy, and no malignant lesions have been found in the biopsy specimens. CONCLUSION: Enterocystoplasty has preserved renal function and resolved VUR and/or hydronephrosis in most patients. The future implications of proteinuria and the low serum levels of renin and aldosterone, as well as the best indicator for measuring renal function, have yet to be determined. Close, life-long follow-up, including cystoscopy, is necessary to prevent complications.


Assuntos
Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/cirurgia , Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Adolescente , Aldosterona/sangue , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Hidronefrose/cirurgia , Rim/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Meningomielocele/cirurgia , Renina/sangue , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/etiologia , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/cirurgia
4.
Cir. pediátr ; 20(4): 215-219, oct. 2007. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-65374

RESUMO

Las estenosis esofágicas son una de las complicaciones más frecuentes de la corrección quirúrgica de las atresias de esófago. Su tratamiento consiste en la dilatación de la estenosis, precisando en la mayoría de los casos más de 1 procedimiento para su corrección. Introducción: Analizamos la evolución a largo plazo de nuestros pacientes con vejiga neuropática a los que se realizó una ampliación vesicalantes de la pubertad. Pacientes y métodos: A 21 pacientes con vejigas neuropáticas de baja acomodación y mala respuesta al sondaje intermitente y/o anticolinérgicos se les realizó una ampliación vesical (edad media 8.3 años, rango;2,5-12). Dieciocho de ellos (86%) tenían RVU y/o ureterohidronefrosis y 17 (81%) cicatrices renales sin afectación de la función renal salvo en un caso. Todos los pacientes fueron seguidos regularmente con estudios de función renal, pruebas de imagen, análisis de orina de 24horas y estudios urodinámicos. A los 18 pacientes ampliados con intestino se les realizó citología urinaria, cistoscopia y biopsia. Resultados: El seguimiento medio fue de 11 años (8-14,5) y la media de edad al final del estudio fue de 19 años (13,2-26,8). Los estudios urodinámicos demostraron una mejoría significativa de la acomodación vesical. La ureterohidronefrosis desapareció en todos los pacientes, el RVU en13 de 15 (86%) y ninguno presentó nuevas cicatrices renales. Al final del estudio, la función renal era normal en 20 de ellos. Un paciente tuvo una ITU y otro un cálculo vesical. Todos están secos y 2 de ellos no necesitan sondaje intermitente. La citología y la cistoscopia fueron normales y no se encontraron lesiones malignas en las biopsias. Conclusión: La ampliación vesical antes de la pubertad preserva la función renal y corrige el RVU y/o la ureterohidronefrosis en la mayoría de los pacientes, sin reimplantar los uréteres. Un seguimiento de por vida, incluyendo la realización de cistoscopias periódicas, es necesario para mejorar los resultados y prevenir las complicaciones (AU)


Introduction: This study assesses long-term outcome of patients with neuropatic bladders who underwent a bladder augmentation before puberty. Patients and methods: A total of 21 patients with low compliant neuropathic bladders who did not respond satisfactory to clean intermittent catheterization and/or anticholinergic therapy underwent bladder augmentation(mean age 8.3 yr, range; 2.5-12). Eighteen patients (86%)had VUR and/or ureterohydronephrosis and 17 (81%) had DMSA renal scars. Renal function was normal in all cases except one. All patients were followed at regular intervals with serum electrolyte and creatinine determination, urinary tract imaging, urodynamic evaluation and 24-hour urine collection. In the 18 cases augmented with intestine, urinecytology, cystoscopy and biopsy were also performed. Results: Mean follow-up was 11 yr (8-14.5) and mean age at the end of follow-up was 19 yr (13.3-26.8). Urodynamic studies showed a significant improvement in bladder compliance. Upper urinary tract dilatation disappeared in all patients, VUR in 13/15p (86%) and no new renal scarring occurred. Renal function was normal at the end of followupin 20. Only 1 patient had UTI and another had a bladder stone. All patients are dry and 2 of them do not need clean intermittent catheterization. Urine cytology and cystoscopy were normal and no malignant lessions have been found in the biopsy specimens. Conclusions: Bladder augmentation done pre-puberty preserves renal function and resolves VUR and/or hydronephrosis in most cases without reimplanting the ureters. Close lifelong follow-up, including a cystoscopy, improves the results and prevents complications (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Seguimentos , Intestinos/transplante
7.
Pediatr Transplant ; 11(2): 132-3, 2007 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17300490

RESUMO

Bilateral nephrectomy prior to transplantation is indicated in some patients with end-stage renal disease. The indications for bilateral nephrectomy include persistent heavy proteinuria, refractory hypertension, and urinary tract infections. We report an eight-month-old baby with male pseudohermaphroditism and renal failure secondary to diffuse mesangial sclerosis. While awaiting renal transplantation, dialysis became necessary and the child presented standard drug therapy-resistant hypertension. A bilateral nephrectomy was performed simultaneously to peritoneal dialysis catheter implantation by using laparoscopy. At the present time, the patient is doing well with ambulatory dialysis and all antihypertensive medication has been discontinued. We recommend this technique in children who require bilateral nephrectomy and peritoneal dialyisis. Not only is it somewhat less aggressive than traditional open surgery, but it also reduces post-operative pain, allows earlier initiation of peritoneal dialysis, and improves cosmetic appearance.


Assuntos
Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Diálise Peritoneal , Cateteres de Demora , Comorbidade , Transtornos do Desenvolvimento Sexual/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Falência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Laparoscopia , Masculino , Células Mesangiais/patologia , Omento/cirurgia , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle , Esclerose
8.
Cir Pediatr ; 20(4): 215-9, 2007 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18351242

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: This study assesses long-term outcome of patients with neuropatic bladders who underwent a bladder augmentation before puberty. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 21 patients with low compliant neuropathic bladders who did not respond satisfactory to clean intermittent catheterization and/or anticholinergic therapy underwent bladder augmentation (mean age 8.3 yr, range; 2.5-12). Eighteen patients (86%) had VUR and/or ureterohydronephrosis and 17 (81%) had DMSA renal scars. Renal function was normal in all cases except one. All patients were followed at regular intervals with serum electrolyte and creatinine determination, urinary tract imaging, urodynamic evaluation and 24-hour urine collection. In the 18 cases augmented with intestine, urine cytology, cystoscopy and biopsy were also performed. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 11 yr (8-14.5) and mean age at the end of follow-up was 19 yr (13.3-26.8). Urodynamic studies showed a significant improvement in bladder compliance. Upper urinary tract dilatation disappeared in all patients, VUR in 13/15p (86%) and no new renal scarring occurred. Renal function was normal at the end of follow-up in 20. Only 1 patient had UTI and another had a bladder stone. All patients are dry and 2 of them do not need clean intermittent catheterization. Urine cytology and cystoscopy were normal and no malignat lessions have been found in the biopsy specimens. CONCLUSIONS: Bladder augmentation done pre-puberty preserves renal function and resolves VUR and/or hydronephrosis in most cases without reimplanting the ureters. Close lifelong follow-up, including a cystoscopy, improves the results and prevents complications.


Assuntos
Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/cirurgia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Intestinos/transplante , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
9.
Cir Pediatr ; 16(2): 77-80, 2003 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-13677099

RESUMO

Weigh and age are risk factors of graft failure. The aim of the study is to review the characteristics and the outcome of cadaver renal transplant in children weighing less than 11 Kg. From 1985 to 1999 10 cadaver renal transplant were performed in 10 children (7 boys and 3 girls). Primary renal disease were renal dysplasia(3), posterior urethral valves(5) and congenital nephrotic syndrome(2). All except two suffered end stage disease from birth. The cadaver donor age ranged from 4 to 45 years (mean 12.3). Cold ischaemia time was 14 to 30 hours (median 22.8 h). Grafts were placed extraperitoneally in the iliac fossa in all patients and special care was taken in aggressive intravascular volume expansion. In the first 5 children initial immunosuppression consisted of CyA, Pd and Aza. After 1991, the other five received sequential induction therapy with polyclonal antibodies and triple therapy (CyA, Pd, Aza). Renal function was evaluated as GFR yearly by Swartz formula and the actuarial and graft survival rates were obtained by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Patient survival was 90% at 1 and 10 years. Graft survival was 80% at 1 and 5 years; it decreased to 64% at 7 years. Seven continue with their first graft and the mean follow-up time is 6.6 years. Their renal function measured by the mean of GFR yearly decreased lightly from 102 ml/min/1.73 m2 at 1 year to 87.6 ml/min/1.73 m2 at 5 years. A successful patient and graft survival can be achieved in young receiving kidneys and small reciepients can improve their physical and mental development after transplantation.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Peso Corporal , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento
10.
Cir. pediátr ; 16(2): 77-80, abr.-jun. 2003. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-114671

RESUMO

El peso y la edad del receptor se consideran factores de riesgo para el fallo del injerto. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar las características y los resultados del trasplante renal de cadaver (TRC)en niños con un peso inferior a los 11K.Entre 1985y 1999 hemos realizado 10 TRC en niños con un peso inferior a los 11K (7 varones y 3 mujeres). La patología primaria causante de la Insuficiencia renal Terminal (IRT) fue : Displasia renal (3pac.),Válvulas de uretra Posterior (5 pac.) y Síndrome Nefrótico congénito (2pac.). Ocho pacientes presentaban IRT desde el nacimiento. El rango de edad del donante cadáver osciló de 4 a 45 años (media 12,3 años). El tiempo de isquemia fría fue de 14 a 30 horas ( media 22,8h). En todos los pacientes el injerto se ha colocado extraperitoneal en fosa iliaca, y se realizó un tratamiento agresivo de expansión del volumen intravascular durante el tiempo perioperatorio. Los 5 primeros trasplantes recibieron como inmunosupresión triple terapia con CyA, Aza, Pred. Después de 1991, se realizó inducción con anticuerpos policlonales y triple terapia en los otros 5 trasplantes. La función renal fue evaluada anualmente con el Filtrado Glomerular (FG) mediante la fórmula de Swartz y la curva de supervivencia del injerto mediante el análisis de Kaplan-Meier.La supervivencia del paciente fue del 90% al año y a los 10 años. La supervivencia del injerto fue del 80% al año y a los 5 años, descendiendo al 64% a los 7 años. Siete niños continúan con su primer injerto funcionante y el tiempo de seguimiento es de 6,6 años. El FG ha ido descendiendo desde 102ml/min/1,73m2al año a 87,6ml/min/1,73m2a los 5 años. El Trasplante Renal (TR) puede realizarse con resultados satisfactorios, tanto para el paciente como para el injerto, en niños con un peso inferior a 11K (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Transplante de Rim , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Resultado do Tratamento , Peso Corporal , Fatores de Risco , Rejeição de Enxerto/epidemiologia
11.
Pediátrika (Madr.) ; 23(5): 181-184, mayo 2003. graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24705

RESUMO

El peso y la edad del receptor se consideran factores de riesgo para el fallo del injerto. El objetivo de este trabajo es revisar las caracteristicas y los resultados del trasplante renal de cadaver (TRC) en niños menores de dos años. Entre 1985 y 1999 hemos realizado 10 TRC en niños con una edad inferior a dos años (7 varones y 3 mujeres). La patología primaria causante de la Insuficiencia renal Terminal (IRT) fue : Displasia renal (3pac.), Válvulas de uretra Posterior (5 pac.) y Síndrome Nefrótico congénito (2 pac.). Ocho pacientes presentaban IRT desde el nacimiento. El rango de edad del donante cadáver osciló de 4 a 45 años (media 12,3 años). El tiempo de isquemia fría fue de 14 a 30 horas ( media 22,8h). En todos los pacientes el injerto se ha colocado extraperitoneal en fosa iliaca, y se realizó un tratamiento agresivo de expansión del volumen intravascular durante el tiempo perioperatorio. Los 5 primeros trasplantes recibieron como inmunosupresión triple terapia con CyA, Aza, Pred. A partir de 1991, se realizó inducción con anticuerpos policlonales y triple terapia en los otros 5 trasplantes. La función renal fue evaluada anualmente con el Filtrado Glomerular (FG) mediante la fórmula de Swartz y la curva de supervivencia del injerto mediante el análisis de Kaplan-Meier. La supervivencia del paciente fue del 90 por ciento al año y a los 10 años. La supervivencia del injerto fue del 80 por ciento al año y a los 5 años, descendiendo al 64 por ciento a los 7 años. Siete niños continuan con su primer injerto funcionante y el tiempo de seguimiento es de 6,6 años. El FG ha ido descendiendo desde 102ml/min/1,73m2 al año a 87,6ml/min/1,73m2 a los 5 años. El Trasplante Renal (TR) puede realizarse con éxito en estos niños e incluso mejorar su desarrollo físico y psíquico (AU)


Assuntos
Adolescente , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Lactente , Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Doadores de Tecidos , Sobrevivência de Tecidos , Peso-Idade
12.
Pediátrika (Madr.) ; 23(3): 112-117, mar. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24686

RESUMO

El Trasplante Renal (TR) es el tratamiento de elección para todos los niños en Insuficiencia Renal Terminal (IRT). Realizamos un análisis de varios factores que influyen de forma significativa en los resultados del TR en el niño: Receptor, donante, inmunosupresión, tratamiento quirúrgico y complicaciones quirúrgicas. También mostramos las curvas de supervivencia del injerto al año y a los 5 años. Desde 1966 los resultados del TR en el niño han mejorado de forma llamativa. El TR ofrece al niño en IRT una excelente rehabilitación y una supervivencia aceptable del injerto a largo plazo (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Intervalo Livre de Doença
13.
Actas urol. esp ; 25(10): 725-730, nov. 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-6163

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Comparar el grado de satisfacción que produce el uso de las sondas LoFric, en el paciente pediátrico en cateterismo intermitente, frente a las sondas convencionales de PVC.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Un total de 40 p, todos ellos con experiencia en el cateterismo intermitente, fueron incluidos en este estu-dio. Después de un periodo de 2 meses utilizando la sonda LoFric, a todos los pacientes se les envió un cuestionario a su domicilio para que rellenasen anónimamente. Los pacientes fueron divididos en 3 grupos (ampliación vesical, esfínter artificial y Mitrofanoff) debido a las grandes diferencias que puede representar el sondaje en cada uno de ellos. RESULTADOS: El 87,5 por ciento (35 p) respondieron de forma correcta al cuestionario. El 86 por ciento (30 p) encontraron el aprendizaje con la sonda LoFric fácil o muy fácil y a un 14 por ciento (5 p) éste les resultó difícil. De los 4 p que tenían dificultades para introducir su sonda habitual en la vejiga, en 3 (75 por ciento) estas dificultades desaparecieron con el uso de la sonda LoFric. El 51 por ciento (18 p) contestaron que tenían algunas molestias a la introducción de su sonda habitual y en el 72 por ciento éstas desaparecieron con el uso de la sonda LoFric. De los 6 p que tenían molestias durante la retirada de su sonda habitual, en 5 (83 por ciento) desaparecieron cuando utilizaban la nueva sonda.El 70 por ciento de los pacientes prefiere la sonda LoFric porque disminuye o elimina las molestias que se producen con su sonda habitual, entra en la vejiga con más facilidad y suavidad, y no necesita del uso de lubricante. Un 17 por ciento refiere que al estar tan lubricada se escurre con facilidad y el sondaje es más difícil. CONCLUSIONES: El uso de esta sonda estaría justificado en todos los pacientes que tengan molestias con la utilización de su sonda habitual y en todas aquellas situaciones especiales (esfínter artificial, Mitrofanoff, ampliación vesical) en donde las complicaciones relacionadas con el sondaje adquieren una mayor gravedad (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Adulto , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Satisfação do Paciente , Cloreto de Polivinila , Cateterismo Urinário , Estudos Prospectivos , Desenho de Equipamento
14.
Cir. pediátr ; 14(4): 141-144, oct. 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-14235

RESUMO

El donante vivo relacionado (DVR) tiene importantes ventajas cuando se compara con el donante cadáver (DC) en términos de mejor supervivencia del paciente y del injerto, así como de un tiempo de espera menor. Desde 1985 hemos realizado en nuestro Centro 176 trasplantes renales (TR), de los cuales 156 (89 por ciento) son de DC y 20 (11 por ciento) de DVR en primer grado. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia de 5 años con el DVR. A todos los donantes se les realizó un estudio protocolizado de función renal, bioquímico, metabólico y angiográfico. Doce niños recibieron su primer trasplante y 8 fueron retrasplantes ( 6 segundos, 1 tercero y 1 cuarto). El tratamiento inmunosupresor consistió en terapia clásica (azatioprina, ciclosporina prednisona) con inducción de suero antitimocítico. El FK506 y el micofenolato mefetil también se han empleado en alguno de ellos. En cuatro injertos fue necesario reaizar cirug´´ia arterial de banco debido a a presencia de anomalías vasculares. La complicación más signifiativa ha sido a pérdida de un injerto debida a una microangiopatía trombótica asociada al FK506. La supervivencia tanto del donante como del receptor es del 100 por ciento y la supervivencia actuarial del injerto a los 5 años es del 95 por ciento, con un infiltrado glomerular medio de 81,33 ml/min/1,73 m2 (AU)


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Transplante de Rim , Doadores Vivos , Família
15.
Cir Pediatr ; 14(4): 141-4, 2001 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12601961

RESUMO

Living related donor (LRD) provides significant advantages when compared with cadaveric donor (CAD) in term of improved patient and graft survival and shorten waiting time. From 1985, 176 kidney transplants were performed at our Center. Of these, 156 (89%) were from CAD and 20 (11%) were from LRD, first degree. The purpose of this paper is to show our experience at 5 years with use of LRD. All donors underwent standardized metabolic workup, angiography assessed and renal function test. Twelve children received their first transplant and 8 were retransplant (6-second, 1-third and 1-fourth). Immunosuppressive therapy consisted of globulin antithymocyte, azathioprine, cyclosporine and prednisolone, using FK506 and mycophenolate mofetil in some of them. Four kidneys with multiple renal arteries were reconstructed ex vivo with microsurgical technique before transplantation. The most significant morbidity was due to FK506-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) with graft lost. All patients (donor and recipient) survived. Five years graft survival rate is 95% and mean glomerular filtration rate is 81.33 ml/min/1.73 m2.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Doadores Vivos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Família , Feminino , Humanos , Transplante de Rim/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino
16.
Actas Urol Esp ; 25(10): 725-30, 2001.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11803779

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To assess the grade of satisfaction in children on intermittent catheterization with the use of LoFric and PVC conventional catheters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 p with experience in CIC were included in this study. An anonymous questionnaire was sent to all patients after 2-months using the LoFric catheter. Patients were divided in 3 groups (bladder augmentation, artificial sphincter, Mitrofanoff) because of major differences in CIC discomfort between these groups. RESULTS: The questionnaire was completed by 87.5% of the patients (35 p). In 86% (30 p) LoFric catheter training was easy or very easy but in 14% (5 p) it was difficult. Four patients had some difficulty during conventional catheter insertion, in 3 (75%) the difficulty disappeared with the use of LoFric catheter. Of the 51% (18 p) who reported some discomfort during the insertion of conventional catheter, 72% said it was eliminated when the LoFric catheter was used. Of 6 p with some discomfort when removing the conventional catheter, 5 (83%) said it disappeared with the new catheter. Th LoFric catheter was favored by 70% of patients because it reduced the discomfort caused by conventional catheters, bladder insertion was easier and smoother, and gel lubrication was not needed. The 17% of patients reported some difficulty dealing with this slippery catheter. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the LoFric catheter could be justified in patients who report with conventional catheters have some discomfort. It can also be recommended in patients with artificial sphincter, bladder augmentation and Mitrofanoff procedure, in whom any complication related to CIC would have serious consequences.


Assuntos
Satisfação do Paciente , Cloreto de Polivinila , Cateterismo Urinário/instrumentação , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos
17.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 53(5): 422-430, nov. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2555

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Analizar la utilidad de la ecografía realzada con un medio de contraste ecopotenciador (ecocistografía) para diagnosticar el reflujo vesicoureteral, comparando los resultados de esta nueva modalidad de imagen con los de la cistouretrografía miccional convencional (CUMS). PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron 169 pacientes (293 unidades renales) con edades comprendidas entre 3 días y 18 años y se estudiaron con ultrasonidos para valorar la existencia de reflujo vesicoureteral, después de rellenar la vejiga con suero salino mezclado con una suspensión de galactosa y ácido palmítico (Levograf(r)) que actúa como agente ecopotenciador. Se obtuvieron imágenes ecográficas tanto durante el llenado vesical como durante la micción. Esta exploración fue siempre seguida de una CUMS durante la misma sesión diagnóstica. RESULTADOS: En 50 unidades renales se detectó reflujo vesicoureteral pasivo tanto en ecocistografía como en la CUMS. En 22 unidades se detectó reflujo pasivo únicamente en la ecocistografía y en tres se detectó reflujo pasivo en la CUMS y la ecocistografía fue negativa. En 56 unidades renales se detectó reflujo activo por ambos procedimientos. En 17 unidades se objetivó reflujo activo en la ecocistografía y la CUMS fue normal y en cinco se observó reflujo activo en la CUMS y la ecocistografía no consiguió demostrarlo. Considerando el reflujo globalmente, de las 293 unidades renales totales, en 204 (69,6 por ciento) no se encontró reflujo vesicoureteral por ninguno de los dos procedimientos y en 63 (21,5 por ciento) unidades se detectó reflujo en ambos, independientemente de si éste era activo o pasivo. En 19 unidades se observó reflujo vesicoureteral (activo o pasivo) sólo en la ecocistografía y en siete unidades se encontró únicamente en la CUMS. La sensibilidad de la ecocistografía para detectar reflujo frente a la CUMS fue del 90,5 por ciento y la especificidad del 91,4 por ciento. CONCLUSIÓN: La ecocistografía es una modalidad de imagen útil para diagnosticar el reflujo vesicoureteral, suficientemente sensible y específica, y presenta la ventaja sobre la CUMS de que no es necesario utilizar radiaciones ionizantes (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores Sexuais , Refluxo Vesicoureteral , Modelos Teóricos , Meios de Contraste , Fatores Etários , Rim , Aumento da Imagem , Fluoroscopia , Bexiga Urinária
18.
An Esp Pediatr ; 53(5): 422-30, 2000 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11141363

RESUMO

AIM: To analyze the utility of contrast enhanced ultrasonography of the bladder and kidneys (cystosonography) for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) by comparing the results of this new imaging modality with those of micturating cystourethrography (MCU). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 169 patients (293 kidney units) aged between 3 days and 18 years were sonographically evaluated for the presence of VUR after filling the bladder with saline and a galactose and palmitic acid suspension (Levograf) as an echoenhancing agent. Ultrasonographic images were obtained during bladder filling and micturation. This procedure was always followed by MCU during the same diagnostic session. RESULTS: In 50 kidney units both cystosonography and MUR detected VUR during bladder filling. In 22 units, only cystosonography detected passive reflux during bladder filling and in 3 only MCU did so. In 56 units, both methods detected active VUR during micturation. In 17 units, only cystosonography detected active reflux during micturation, the results of MCU being normal, and in 5, only MCU detected active reflux. Overall, of the 293 kidney units, VUR was not detected by either of the imaging modalities in 204(69.6%) and was detected by both methods, irrespective of whether it was active or passive, in 63(21.5%). In 19 units, VUR (active or passive) was observed only by cystosonography and in 7 only by MCU. When MCU was used as the reference method, cystosonography had a sensitivity of 90.5% and a specificity of 91.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Contrastenhanced cystosonography is a reliable modality, with sufficient sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of VUR and does not expose patients to ionizing radiation.


Assuntos
Refluxo Vesicoureteral/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Meios de Contraste , Feminino , Fluoroscopia , Humanos , Aumento da Imagem , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Modelos Teóricos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores Sexuais , Ultrassonografia , Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico por imagem
19.
Cir Pediatr ; 12(3): 94-8, 1999 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10570865

RESUMO

Bladder augmentation with intestinal or urinary segments has virtually replaced other treatments in the management of both neuropathic and no neuropathic bladder dysfunction that has not responded to pharmacotherapy nor other intervention. We present herein our experience in 55 patients who underwent augmentation cystoplasty. Their mean age were 12.2 years (range 2.5-22.8) and the mean follow-up time was 4 years (1-13.1). They were divided in three groups according to the diagnosis: vesical or cloacal exstrophy (14 patients), neuropathic bladder (36) and posterior urethral valves (5 patients). Indications were: 1) to get a low pressure, high volume reservoir and avoid upper urinary tract damage in low-compliance bladders (41 patients); 2) as an undiversion (8 patients), and 3) prior to renal transplantation. Cystoplasty was performed with bowel segments in 47 cases and ureter in 8, adding some other urological procedures in 22 patients. Mean bladder capacity after 1 year was 400 ml versus 112 as previous value. 52 out of the 55 patients are continent after augmentation. There was no impairment of the renal function in the 5 patients with prior renal failure who underwent cystoplasty. Vesicoureteral reflux disappeared in 78.6% of the patients after cystoplasty. The complications were urinary stones in 5 cases, upper urinary tract infections in 3, and spontaneous bladder perforation in 1 patient. Augmentation cystoplasty is the best choice to achieve a low pressure reservoir, to assure contingency and to avoid progressive damage of the upper urinary tract in neuropathic or no neuropathic pediatric bladder dysfunctions.


Assuntos
Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Extrofia Vesical/cirurgia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Tempo , Uretra/anormalidades , Uretra/cirurgia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico por imagem , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/cirurgia , Urodinâmica , Urografia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/cirurgia
20.
Actas Urol Esp ; 21(2): 121-7, 1997 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9214208

RESUMO

Since its description in 1980, the Mitrofanoff principle has become a widely utilized and successful technique for the management of patients with a variety of urological disorders. We report our experience with this procedure in 14 patients (10 M, 4 F). The age range was 3.5 years to 17 years (average 12 y) and follow-up was from 6 months to 3 years (average 1.7 y). Patients were classified in 2 groups: I) When this procedure was done because of the patient was unable to perform urethral catheterization (8p). II) Concomitant bladder neck transection and Mitrofanoff diversion (6p). The appendice was used in 9p, ileum in 1 and ureter in 4. Bladder augmentation was performed with ureter in 2p and colon sigmoid in 4. In 1p, ileo-cecal segment and in other colon+ileum, were used to replace the bladder. All patients catheterize the Mitrofanoff channel easily, there were no case of stomal stenosis and the conduit was continent in all. We consider that Mitrofanoff principle is a very successful technique and it can be used as the primary continence mechanism or as an adjunct of major urinary tract reconstruction, to ensure complete bladder emptying, in patients unable to perform urethral catheterization.


Assuntos
Coletores de Urina/métodos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
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