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1.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 29(25): 38175-38185, 2022 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35072874

RESUMO

Achieving the "dual carbon" goal requires focusing on the issue of urban transportation carbon emissions. This study derives the mechanism of transportation infrastructure on urban carbon emissions and uses panel data from 284 cities in China from 2004 to 2017 as a basis for empirical analysis through the two-stage least squares method (2SLS). The results of the study show that the improvement of transportation infrastructure has a significant negative effect on the level of urban carbon emissions, and it is greater than the positive spillover of the increase in the number of motor vehicles on urban carbon emissions. Further, research has shown that improvement of transportation infrastructure has no significant impact on the purchase of motor vehicles; therefore, the transportation infrastructure will not affect the "induced traffic" through the purchase of motor vehicles, thereby further affecting the level of urban carbon emissions. The enlightenment of this article include the following: In urban planning and construction, attention should be paid to reducing urban carbon emissions by improving the construction of transportation infrastructure to help China achieve its carbon peak and carbon neutral goals at an early date.


Assuntos
Poluição do Ar , Poluição do Ar/análise , Carbono/análise , China , Cidades , Veículos Automotores , Meios de Transporte , Emissões de Veículos/análise
2.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 52(12): e8754, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31826180

RESUMO

Cuscuta chinensis Lam. (Convolvulaceae) is an important herbal medicine widely used to improve sexual function, treat osteoporosis, and prevent aging, and has been reported to exhibit anti-osteoporotic effects in vitro. However, the activity of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis still remains unclear. The present study aimed to assess the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of action of Cuscuta chinensis extract (CCE) against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in vivo. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: control group, osteoporosis group, and 2 CCE-treated osteoporosis groups (100 mg·kg-1·day-1). Blood samples and femur bones were collected for immunohistochemistry, biochemical, mRNA expression, and western blot analysis. HPLC analysis revealed that chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and hyperin were the major constituents of CCE. The results indicated that CCE increased bone length, bone weight, and bone mineral density and suppressed dexamethasone (DEX)-induced reduction in body weight. In addition, TRAP staining indicated that CCE reduced osteoclasts in DEX-induced osteoporosis rats. Mechanistically, CCE treatment alleviated the increase of bone resorption markers and the decline of osteogenic markers, which might be partially mediated by regulation of RANKL/OPG and RunX2 pathways. These results suggest that CCE showed promising effects in the protection against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis through protecting osteoblasts and suppressing osteoclastogenesis.


Assuntos
Cuscuta/química , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Ligante RANK/metabolismo , Animais , Western Blotting , Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Imuno-Histoquímica , Osteoporose/induzido quimicamente , Osteoprotegerina/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligante RANK/efeitos dos fármacos , RNA Mensageiro , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 52(12): e8754, 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055467

RESUMO

Cuscuta chinensis Lam. (Convolvulaceae) is an important herbal medicine widely used to improve sexual function, treat osteoporosis, and prevent aging, and has been reported to exhibit anti-osteoporotic effects in vitro. However, the activity of Cuscuta chinensis Lam. on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis still remains unclear. The present study aimed to assess the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of action of Cuscuta chinensis extract (CCE) against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in vivo. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: control group, osteoporosis group, and 2 CCE-treated osteoporosis groups (100 mg·kg-1·day-1). Blood samples and femur bones were collected for immunohistochemistry, biochemical, mRNA expression, and western blot analysis. HPLC analysis revealed that chlorogenic acid, quercetin, and hyperin were the major constituents of CCE. The results indicated that CCE increased bone length, bone weight, and bone mineral density and suppressed dexamethasone (DEX)-induced reduction in body weight. In addition, TRAP staining indicated that CCE reduced osteoclasts in DEX-induced osteoporosis rats. Mechanistically, CCE treatment alleviated the increase of bone resorption markers and the decline of osteogenic markers, which might be partially mediated by regulation of RANKL/OPG and RunX2 pathways. These results suggest that CCE showed promising effects in the protection against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis through protecting osteoblasts and suppressing osteoclastogenesis.


Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Osteoporose/prevenção & controle , Dexametasona/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Cuscuta/química , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Glucocorticoides/farmacologia , Osteoporose/induzido quimicamente , RNA Mensageiro , Imuno-Histoquímica , Densidade Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Western Blotting , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Ligante RANK/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligante RANK/metabolismo , Osteoprotegerina/efeitos dos fármacos
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