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1.
Biosensors (Basel) ; 12(7)2022 Jul 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35884312

RESUMO

Appropriate teaching-learning strategies lead to student engagement during learning activities. Scientific progress and modern technology have made it possible to measure engagement in educational settings by reading and analyzing student physiological signals through sensors attached to wearables. This work is a review of current student engagement detection initiatives in the educational domain. The review highlights existing commercial and non-commercial wearables for student engagement monitoring and identifies key physiological signals involved in engagement detection. Our findings reveal that common physiological signals used to measure student engagement include heart rate, skin temperature, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG) data. Similarly, stress and surprise are key features of student engagement.


Assuntos
Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Humanos
2.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 10(2)2022 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35206905

RESUMO

Among mental health diseases, depression is one of the most severe, as it often leads to suicide; due to this, it is important to identify and summarize existing evidence concerning depression sign detection research on social media using the data provided by users. This review examines aspects of primary studies exploring depression detection from social media submissions (from 2016 to mid-2021). The search for primary studies was conducted in five digital libraries: ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, SpringerLink, Science Direct, and PubMed, as well as on the search engine Google Scholar to broaden the results. Extracting and synthesizing the data from each paper was the main activity of this work. Thirty-four primary studies were analyzed and evaluated. Twitter was the most studied social media for depression sign detection. Word embedding was the most prominent linguistic feature extraction method. Support vector machine (SVM) was the most used machine-learning algorithm. Similarly, the most popular computing tool was from Python libraries. Finally, cross-validation (CV) was the most common statistical analysis method used to evaluate the results obtained. Using social media along with computing tools and classification methods contributes to current efforts in public healthcare to detect signs of depression from sources close to patients.

3.
Rev. Univ. Ind. Santander, Salud ; 53(1): e21018, Marzo 12, 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356819

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 generó el cierre de los colegios y el inicio de la educación virtual, como medida para disminuir la propagación del virus. Rápidamente, se planteó el regreso a los colegios; sin embargo, es probable que exista un rechazo de los padres por el regreso a clases de forma presencial o mediante alternancia. Por esta razón, se evaluaron los factores asociados a esta oposición. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio analítico de corte transversal mediante una encuesta, dirigida a padres que acuden a consultorios con sus hijos en varias ciudades de Colombia. Se determinó el porcentaje de padres que deseaban mantener la escolarización mediante la virtualidad y los factores asociados que motivan a no aceptar el pronto retorno a clases presenciales. Se realizó un análisis de regresión binomial para estimar razones de prevalencia (RP), ajustado a la edad de los padres, tomando como variable dependiente la aceptación de la virtualidad como estrategia para no regresar a los colegios, y se determinaron los factores de mayor importancia en la no aceptación del retorno a clases. Resultados: El 81,06 % de los padres no acepta el retorno a clase de forma presencial. El principal factor asociados a esta decisión fue que alguno de los padres presentara alguna comorbilidad, principalmente, hipertensión y obesidad. Tener hijos mayores de 10 años (RP: 2,64: IC 95 %: 1,48-4,72), convivir con personas mayores de 70 años (RP: 2,2; IC 95 %; 1,46-3,29) y conocer alguna persona fallecida por COVID-19 (RP: 1,86; IC 95 %: 1,42-2,44) también fueron asociadas a no aceptar el retorno a clase presencial. Conclusiones: Existe una clara tendencia a mantener la virtualidad como opción educativa en Colombia para el no regreso a clases presenciales en población de estrato medio y alto. Los factores asociados sugieren una forma de protección familiar. Esta evidencia debe considerarse específica para el periodo de recolección de datos y el grupo incluido en el estudio. Se requieren estudios en los estratos socioeconómicos más bajos, donde se supone ocurren más efectos adversos asociados al no retorno a clases presenciales.


Abstract Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to the closure of schools and the beginning of virtual education, as a measure to reduce the spread of the virus. Shortly after, there was a planned return to in-person learning, however, there existed the possibility of parents rejecting the notion of returning to in-person learning or a hybrid model of in-person and online learning, there is likely a rejection of parents to return to classes in person. For this reason, the factors possibly associated with this opposition were evaluated. Material and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out through an online survey aimed at parents who attend private clinics with their children, in several cities of Colombia. The percentage of parents who wished to maintain their children's schooling through virtuality and the factors associated with not accepting the prompt return to face-to-face classes were determined. A binomial regression analysis, to estimate Prevalence Ratios (PR), adjusted for the age of the parents was carried out, taking as a dependent variable the acceptance of virtuality as a strategy for not returning to school and the most important factors in the non-acceptance of returning to school were determined. Results: 81.06% of the parents did not accept the return to class in person. The main factors associated with this decision were that one of the parents had some comorbidity, mainly hypertension and obesity. Having children older than 10 years (PR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.48-4.72), living with people older than 70 years (PR: 2.2; 95% CI;1.46-3.29), and knowing someone who died from COVID-19 (PR: 1.86; 95% CI 1.42- 2.44) were associated with not accepting the return to face classes. Conclusions: There is a clear tendency to maintain virtuality as an educational option in Colombia for not returning to face-to-face classes in the middle and upper stratum population. Associated factors suggest a form of family protection. This evidence should be considered specific for the data collection period and the group included in the study. Studies are required in the lowest socioeconomic strata, where it is assumed that there are more adverse effects associated with not returning to face-to-face classes.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Instituições Acadêmicas , COVID-19 , Criança , Adolescente , Aula , Pandemias
4.
Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol ; Rev. cuba. hig. epidemiol;582021.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1408500

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: En la actualidad se considera que millones de seres humanos viven en países expuestos a la enfermedad del dengue como uno de los principales problemas de salud en el mundo, así como causa de mortalidad. Objetivos: Identificar los factores socios ambientales que facilitan la propagación del dengue. Métodos: Estudio correlacional en 5 consultorios médicos del consejo popular "La Matilde", perteneciente al policlínico docente "Adrián Sansaricq", municipio Artemisa. El universo fue de 165 pacientes que durante el periodo de estudio (2017-2019) presentaron diagnósticos positivos o de sospecha de haber contraído dengue; el tipo de muestra fue probabilística estratificada, conformada por 150 pacientes mayores de 18 años. Los métodos utilizados: teóricos (análisis y síntesis, hipotético-deductivo); empíricos (observación abierta, análisis de documentos y entrevista cuestionario); estadísticos- matemáticos. Resultados: Prevalecieron los grupos de edades más entre 18 a 27 años y 38 a 47 años; con predominio del sexo masculino y nivel de escolaridad de preuniversitario concluido. La protección de fuentes de abasto de agua en las viviendas tendió a ser de regular a mala y existieron áreas con presencia de vertederos y microvertederos. Conclusiones: Las áreas que más pacientes enfermos aportaron fueron los consultorios 1 y 5, en la estación primaveral, donde la recogida de residuales sólidos es el factor macrodeterminante social más identificado. Las fuentes de abasto de agua en las viviendas tienen inadecuada protección. Se elabora un plan de acción encaminado al cumplimiento de las medidas higiénicas sanitarias.


ABSTRACT Introduction: It is currently considered that millions of human beings live in countries exposed to dengue disease, one of the main global health problems and a leading cause of mortality. Objectives: Identify the socioenvironmental factors that facilitate the spread of dengue. Methods: A correlational study was conducted at five consultation offices of Adrián Sansaricq university polyclinic in La Matilde people's council, municipality of Artemisa. The study universe was 165 patients with positive diagnoses or suspicion of dengue during the study period (2017-2019), from which a sample of 150 patients aged over 18 years was selected by stratified probability sampling. The methods used were theoretical (analysis-synthesis, hypothetical-deductive), empirical (open observation, document analysis and interview questionnaire), and statistical-mathematical. Results: The age groups 18-27 and 38-47 years prevailed, with a predominance of male sex and completed senior highschool. Protection of household water supplies ranged from fair to poor, and dumpsites and microdrumpsites were found in several areas. Conclusions: The areas contributing the largest number of patients were Consultation Offices 1 and 5 during the spring season, while solid waste collection was the social macrodeterminant most commonly identified. Household water supply sources were found to be inadequately protected. An action plan was developed aimed at compliance with hygienic-sanitary measures.

5.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 36(6): 355-360, dic. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-742263

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de ceguera y deficiencia visual en adultos de 50 años o más de Panamá, identificar sus principales causas y caracterizar la oferta de servicios de salud ocular. MÉTODOS: Estudio poblacional transversal mediante la metodología estándar de evaluación rápida de ceguera evitable. Se seleccionaron 50 personas de 50 años o más de cada uno de 84 conglomerados escogidos mediante muestreo aleatorio representativo de todo el país. Se evaluó la agudeza visual (AV) mediante una cartilla de Snellen y el estado del cristalino y del polo posterior por oftalmoscopía directa. Se calculó la cobertura de cirugía de catarata y se evaluó su calidad, así como las causas de tener AV < 20/60 y las barreras para acceder al tratamiento quirúrgico. RESULTADOS: Se examinaron 4 125 personas (98,2% de la muestra calculada). La prevalencia de ceguera ajustada por la edad y el sexo fue de 3,0% (intervalo de confianza de 95%: 2,3-3,6). La principal causa de ceguera fue la catarata (66,4%), seguida del glaucoma (10,2%). La catarata (69,2%) fue la principal causa de deficiencia visual (DV) severa y los errores de refracción no corregidos fueron la principal causa de DV moderada (60,7%). La cobertura quirúrgica de catarata en personas fue de 76,3%. De todos los ojos operados de catarata, 58,0% logró una AV < 20/60 con la corrección disponible. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de ceguera en Panamá se ubica en un nivel medio con respecto a la encontrada en otros países de la Región. Es posible disminuir este problema, ya que 76,2% de los casos de ceguera y 85,0% de los casos de DV severa corresponden a causas evitables.


OBJECTIVE: Determine prevalence of blindness and visual impairment in adults aged > 50 years in Panama, identify their main causes, and characterize eye health services. METHODS: Cross-sectional population study using standard Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness methodology. Fifty people aged > 50 years were selected from each of 84 clusters chosen through representative random sampling of the entire country. Visual acuity was assessed using a Snellen chart; lens and posterior pole status were assessed by direct ophthalmoscopy. Cataract surgery coverage was calculated and its quality assessed, along with causes of visual acuity < 20/60 and barriers to access to surgical treatment. RESULTS: A total of 4 125 people were examined (98.2% of the calculated sample). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness was 3.0% (95% CI: 2.3-3.6). The main cause of blindness was cataract (66.4%), followed by glaucoma (10.2%). Cataract (69.2%) was the main cause of severe visual impairment and uncorrected refractive errors were the main cause of moderate visual impairment (60.7%). Surgical cataract coverage in individuals was 76.3%. Of all eyes operated for cataract, 58.0% achieved visual acuity < 20/60 with available correction. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of blindness in Panama is in line with average prevalence found in other countries of the Region. This problem can be reduced, since 76.2% of cases of blindness and 85.0% of cases of severe visual impairment result from avoidable causes.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cegueira/prevenção & controle , Transtornos da Visão/epidemiologia , Cegueira/etiologia , Extração de Catarata , Catarata/complicações , Catarata/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Retinopatia Diabética/complicações , Retinopatia Diabética/epidemiologia , Glaucoma/complicações , Glaucoma/epidemiologia , Degeneração Macular/complicações , Degeneração Macular/epidemiologia , Panamá/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Erros de Refração/complicações , Erros de Refração/epidemiologia , Estudos de Amostragem , Resultado do Tratamento , Transtornos da Visão/complicações
6.
Rev Panam Salud Publica ; 36(6): 355-60, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25711745

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Determine prevalence of blindness and visual impairment in adults aged ≥ 50 years in Panama, identify their main causes, and characterize eye health services. METHODS: Cross-sectional population study using standard Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness methodology. Fifty people aged ≥ 50 years were selected from each of 84 clusters chosen through representative random sampling of the entire country. Visual acuity was assessed using a Snellen chart; lens and posterior pole status were assessed by direct ophthalmoscopy. Cataract surgery coverage was calculated and its quality assessed, along with causes of visual acuity < 20/60 and barriers to access to surgical treatment. RESULTS: A total of 4 125 people were examined (98.2% of the calculated sample). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of blindness was 3.0% (95% CI: 2.3-3.6). The main cause of blindness was cataract (66.4%), followed by glaucoma (10.2%). Cataract (69.2%) was the main cause of severe visual impairment and uncorrected refractive errors were the main cause of moderate visual impairment (60.7%). Surgical cataract coverage in individuals was 76.3%. Of all eyes operated for cataract, 58.0% achieved visual acuity ≤ 20/60 with available correction. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of blindness in Panama is in line with average prevalence found in other countries of the Region. This problem can be reduced, since 76.2% of cases of blindness and 85.0% of cases of severe visual impairment result from avoidable causes.


Assuntos
Cegueira/prevenção & controle , Transtornos da Visão/epidemiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cegueira/etiologia , Catarata/complicações , Catarata/epidemiologia , Extração de Catarata/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Retinopatia Diabética/complicações , Retinopatia Diabética/epidemiologia , Feminino , Glaucoma/complicações , Glaucoma/epidemiologia , Humanos , Degeneração Macular/complicações , Degeneração Macular/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Panamá/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Erros de Refração/complicações , Erros de Refração/epidemiologia , Estudos de Amostragem , Resultado do Tratamento , Transtornos da Visão/complicações
7.
Rev inf cient ; 86(4)2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-59808

RESUMO

Se realiza un estudio con el objetivo de diseñar un programa de capacitación para elevar el nivel de conocimiento de las enfermeras que laboran en los servicios de Medicina Natural y Tradicional del nivel primario de salud del municipio Guantánamo, en el manejo del paciente tributario de la modalidad terapéutica denominada peloideterapia. Existe insuficiente conocimiento de las licenciadas en Enfermería que laboran en estos servicios de Medicina Bioenergética y Natural, poca gestión en los directivos encargados de mantener el medicamento en las instituciones de salud, lo que trae consigo que no se pueda aplicar el tratamiento. Del total de los pacientes tratados en este centro con este proceder terapéutico, predominó el sexo femenino, de 50 59 años, y la mejoría se hace notable entre la octava y décima sesiones de tratamiento. La propuesta del programa de capacitación, contribuirá a elevar a corto plazo la competencia y el desempeño profesional de las licenciadas en enfermería (AU)


A study was carried out with the aim of designing a training program to raise the level of knowledge of nurses who work in the service of Natural and Traditional Medicine of the primary health care level of the municipality Guantanamo, management in patient with this therapy. There is insufficient knowledge of Nurses working in these services: Bioenergetics and Natural Medicine, insufficient management in persons, responsible for maintaining the drugs in health institutions, which entails that it can not be, applied the treatment. Of the total number of patients treated at this center with this therapeutic procedure, common in females of 50-59 years and the remarkable improvement was made between the eighth and tenth treatment sessions. The proposed training program will help to raise short-term competition and performance of nursing professional


Assuntos
Humanos , Peloterapia/enfermagem , Peloterapia/métodos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Competência Profissional
9.
Medisan ; 16(8)ago. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-51854

RESUMO

Se realizó una investigación en sistemas y servicios de salud para evaluar los servicios de los prestadores y la satisfacción de los usuarios en la sala de Fisioterapia del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso deSantiago de Cuba, de julio a septiembre del 2010, cuyo universo estuvo constituido por 63 trabajadores que laboraban en este departamento. Como instrumento de medición se utilizó la matriz de Fisher, con la consideración de las dimensiones operacionales (equipos, tecnología y procedimientos) y relacionales (correlación entre los integrantes del personal respecto a la asistencia), y como medida de resumen estadístico se empleó el porcentaje. En la serie se determinó que los servicios ofrecidos a los pacientes eran muy cálidos, pero poco técnicos; sin embargo, los usuarios estuvieron satisfechos con estos. Finalmente se recomendó realizar una evaluación de la calidad de los servicios, que incluyera estructura, proceso y resultados(AU)


A research in health systems and services was conducted to evaluate the services of providers and the satisfaction of users at the Physiotherapy Department of Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from July to September 2010. The sample was formed by 63 persons that worked in this department. As measuring tool the Fisher matrix was used, considering the operational (devices, technology and procedures) and relational (correlation between the staff members regarding assistance) dimensions, and as statistical summary measure the percentage was used. In the series it was determined that the services provided to the patients were very warm, but little technical; however, users were satisfied with them. Finally, it was recommended to evaluate the quality of the services, including structure, process and results(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Serviço Hospitalar de Fisioterapia , Satisfação do Paciente , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto
10.
Medisan ; 16(8): 1235-1240, ago. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-647013

RESUMO

Se realizó una investigación en sistemas y servicios de salud para evaluar los servicios de los prestadores y la satisfacción de los usuarios en la sala de Fisioterapia del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, de julio a septiembre del 2010, cuyo universo estuvo constituido por 63 trabajadores que laboraban en este departamento. Como instrumento de medición se utilizó la matriz de Fisher, con la consideración de las dimensiones operacionales (equipos, tecnología y procedimientos) y relacionales (correlación entre los integrantes del personal respecto a la asistencia), y como medida de resumen estadístico se empleó el porcentaje. En la serie se determinó que los servicios ofrecidos a los pacientes eran muy cálidos, pero poco técnicos; sin embargo, los usuarios estuvieron satisfechos con estos. Finalmente se recomendó realizar una evaluación de la calidad de los servicios, que incluyera estructura, proceso y resultados.


A research in health systems and services was conducted to evaluate the services of providers and the satisfaction of users at the Physiotherapy Department of "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" General Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from July to September 2010. The sample was formed by 63 persons that worked in this department. As measuring tool the Fisher matrix was used, considering the operational (devices, technology and procedures) and relational (correlation between the staff members regarding assistance) dimensions, and as statistical summary measure the percentage was used. In the series it was determined that the services provided to the patients were very warm, but little technical; however, users were satisfied with them. Finally, it was recommended to evaluate the quality of the services, including structure, process and results.

11.
Chem Biodivers ; 8(12): 2211-25, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22162159

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to compare six samples of Mexican wild common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) against three landraces and three improved cultivars with respect to physical and chemical attributes, and the culinary quality potential of their grain. A completely randomized experimental design was used to characterize the twelve genotypes. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and pair-wise comparison of the treatment means by the Tukey test. In addition, correlation and principal-component analysis (PCA) were carried out using twelve characteristics of raw and four of cooked wild and domesticated grains. The results show a larger variability of the physical and chemical characteristics in wild than in domesticated beans. The PCA confirmed that grain gigantism was the main physical characteristic resulting of domestication, whereas the protein and tryptophan contents tended to be higher in wild than domesticated genotypes. Some wild samples from Chihuahua and Durango, Mexico, showed to be a genetic resource to improve food quality, because of their richness in minerals, protein, lysine, tryptophan, and dietary fibers.


Assuntos
Produtos Agrícolas/química , Phaseolus/química , Sementes/química , Produtos Agrícolas/genética , Produtos Agrícolas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Produtos Agrícolas/metabolismo , Genótipo , México , Minerais/análise , Valor Nutritivo , Phaseolus/genética , Phaseolus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Phaseolus/metabolismo , Fenômenos Físicos , Proteínas de Vegetais Comestíveis/análise , Análise de Componente Principal , Distribuição Aleatória , Sementes/genética , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Sementes/metabolismo , Triptofano/análise
12.
Humanidades Médicas ; 5(1)20050100.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-45234

RESUMO

El enfoque social de la salud exige la incorporación de las Ciencias Psicológicas y su aplicación profesional en el conjunto de disciplinas que se integran a la concepción y la práctica de la salud pública. La Psicología de la Salud es la disciplina que se adapta a estos requerimientos. Dentro de la Psicología de la Salud un pilar importante lo constituye la atención al enfermo crónico. Estas autoras basadas en sus años de experiencia en la labor con el paciente con Retinosis Pigmentaria establecen las estrategias que deben pautarse en las acciones del Psicólogo que pertenece al equipo multidisciplinario que se encarga de la atención a este paciente. Perfiladas las acciones hacia la etapa infanto -juvenil del desarrollo humano, busca las acciones fundamentales que minimizan el establecimiento de alteraciones psíquicas en este individuo, propiciando el mejoramiento de su calidad de vida (AU)


The social focus of the health demands the incorporation of the Psychological Sciences and its professional application in the group of disciplines that you/they are integrated to the conception and the practice of the public health. The Psychology of the Health is the discipline that adapts to these requirements. Inside the Psychology of the Health an important pillar constitutes it the attention to the chronic sick person. These authors based on their years of experience in the work with the patient with Retinosis would Pigment the strategies that should be averaged in the Psychologist's actions that it belongs to the multidisciplinary team that takes charge from the attention to this patient settle down. Profiled the actions toward the stage infanto - juvenile of the human development, it looks for the fundamental actions that minimize the establishment of psychic alterations in this individual, propitiating the improvement of their quality of life (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Psicologia , Atenção à Saúde
13.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; Arch. latinoam. nutr;60(4): 348-354, dic. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-659109

RESUMO

Epidemiological studies show that a high calcium intake reduces the risk of colon cancer. The objective was to study the association between calcium intake and colorectal neoplasia in a clinic-based sample of Hispanics adults from Puerto Rico. As part of this cross-sectional study, a total of 433 subjects were recruited from surgery and gastroenterology clinics at the University of Puerto Rico. Calcium intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of calcium rich foods. Socio-demographics, health history and colonoscopy results were obtained from the primary study. Chi square and odds ratios (OR) for colorectal neoplasia (adenomas and/or adenocarcinoma) were calculated for total calcium, dietary calcium and for calcium supplement use. In total, 312 (72%) from 433 participants completed the FFQ and had available colonoscopy results; from these, 196 (62.5%) were free of neoplasia and 117 (37.5%) had colorectal neoplasia. Colorectal neoplasia subjects were older, a lower proportion were females and less educated than those without neoplasia (p<0.01). Total calcium intake (median 1180 mg/d) was greater in those free of neoplasia compared to colorectal neoplasia subjects (median 1036 mg/d; p<0.05). A high total calcium intake and the use of calcium supplements significantly reduced the OR (crude and age adjusted) for colorectal neoplasia; although these associations lost statistical significance after additionally adjusting for gender and educational level. In conclusion, a high calcium intake and the use of calcium supplements may be protective against colorectal neoplasia, although a greater sample may be required to observe significant associations in a multivariate model.


Los estudios muestran que un alto consumo de calcio reduce el riesgo de cáncer de colon. El objetivo del presente estudio fue estudiar la asociación entre el consumo de calcio y la neoplasia colorrectal en una muestra de hispanos adultos en Puerto Rico. Un total de 433 sujetos fueron reclutados de las clínicas de cirugía y gastroenterología de la Universidad de Puerto Rico. El consumo de calcio fue estimado usando un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo (CFC) de alimentos ricos en calcio. Los datos socio-demográficos y la colonoscopia se obtuvieron del estudio principal. Se calculó el Ji² y la razón de productos cruzados de neoplasia colorrectal por el consumo total, dietético y uso de suplementos de calcio. Un total de 312 (72%) de 433 participantes completaron el estudio; de éstos, 196 (62.5%) estaban libres de neoplasia y 117 (37.5%) tenían neoplasia colorrectal, los cuales eran de mayor edad, con menor proporción de mujeres y menos educados que aquellos sin neoplasia (p<0.01). El consumo total de calcio (mediana 1180 mg/d) fue mayor en sujetos sin neoplasia que los sujetos con neoplasia (mediana 1036 mg/d; p<0.05). Un alto consumo total de calcio y el uso de suplementos de calcio redujo significativamente la posibilidad (crudo y ajustado por edad) de neoplasia colorrectal; aunque no fue significativo cuando se ajusto también por género y educación. En conclusión, un alto consumo de calcio y el uso de suplementos de calcio pueden proteger contra la neoplasia colorrectal, aunque se requieren más sujetos para ver asociaciones significativas en el modelo multivariado.


Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cálcio da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Colonoscopia , Estudos Transversais , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/prevenção & controle , Registros de Dieta , Porto Rico/epidemiologia
14.
Arch Latinoam Nutr ; 60(4): 348-54, 2010 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21866684

RESUMO

Epidemiological studies show that a high calcium intake reduces the risk of colon cancer. The objective was to study the association between calcium intake and colorectal neoplasia in a clinic-based sample of Hispanics adults from Puerto Rico. As part of this cross-sectional study, a total of 433 subjects were recruited from surgery and gastroenterology clinics at the University of Puerto Rico. Calcium intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of calcium rich foods. Socio-demographics, health history and colonoscopy results were obtained from the primary study. Chi square and odds ratios (OR) for colorectal neoplasia (adenomas and/ or adenocarcinoma) were calculated for total calcium, dietary calcium and for calcium supplement use. In total, 312 (72%) from 433 participants completed the FFQ and had available colonoscopy results; from these, 196 (62.5%) were free of neoplasia and 117 (37.5%) had colorectal neoplasia. Colorectal neoplasia subjects were older, a lower proportion were females and less educated than those without neoplasia (p < 0.01). Total calcium intake (median 1180 mg/d) was greater in those free of neoplasia compared to colorectal neoplasia subjects (median 1036 mg/d; p<0.05). A high total calcium intake and the use of calcium supplements significantly reduced the OR (crude and age adjusted) for colorectal neoplasia; although these associations lost statistical significance after additionally adjusting for gender and educational level. In conclusion, a high calcium intake and the use of calcium supplements may be protective against colorectal neoplasia, although a greater sample may be required to observe significant associations in a multivariate model.


Assuntos
Cálcio da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Colorretais/epidemiologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Idoso , Colonoscopia , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/prevenção & controle , Estudos Transversais , Registros de Dieta , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Porto Rico/epidemiologia
15.
Acta biol. colomb ; 13(3): 61-72, Dec. 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-634887

RESUMO

Salmonella enterica serovariedad Typhimurium, se ha asociado a brotes por el consumo de frutas y vegetales contaminadas a partir de agua de riego, manipuladores, bioabono y suelo. En esta investigación se inoculó artificialmente un bioabono aplicado a un cultivo de lechuga para determinar la capacidad de transferencia a las plantas, así como establecer el efecto del uso de cubiertas de polietileno en la protección del cultivo frente a este patógeno. Para ello, se utilizaron plántulas de lechuga de ocho semanas y se establecieron cuatro tratamientos y dos controles: T1 y T2, con y sin cubierta de polietileno respectivamente, contenían una concentración de Salmonella enterica Serovariedad Typhimurium ATCC 13176 inoculada en el compost en concentración de 0,04 mo/g, T3 y T4 con y sin cubierta de polietileno respectivamente con 100 mo/g de compost y finalmente C1 y C2 con y sin cubierta pero sin inoculación. El seguimiento del microorganismo en suelo se realizó durante las ocho semanas del cultivo, mediante la técnica de NMP/4 g (EPA, 2006) al cabo de este tiempo se evaluó el total de plantas cultivadas mediante la misma técnica. Se determinó que Salmonella enterica serovariedad Typhimurium ATCC 13176 se transmite a la lechuga, a partir del bioabono contaminado (OR=2,53) sin importar la concentración inicial del microorganismo en el bioabono; así mismo se encontró que existe asociación entre la contaminación y la condición de cubierta del cultivo (p=0,002). Por otra parte, al analizar las raíces no se encontró asociación de transmisión.


Salmonella enterica serovariedad Typhimurium, has been associated with outbreaks because of the ingestion of fruits and vegetables and those outbreaks have been related due to contamination sources like irrigation water, farm workers influence and the soil itself. In this investigation it was artificially inoculated in a compost and later applied to a lettuce crop, in order to determine the transfer capacity of this microorganism to the plants, as well as to establish if the polyethylene cover protected the crop. In this study, four treatments were made with two controls, T1 and T2 - with and without polyethylene cover - these treatments and controls were inoculated with Salmonella enterica Serovariedad Typhimurium ATCC 13176 0,04 mo/g de compost, T3 y T4 - with and without polyethylene cover - each one with 100 mo/g de compost, and finally C1 and C2 - with and without polyethylene cover -, but without inoculation. At 8 weeks the microorganism was determine by the MPN/4g technique (EPA, 2006). Salmonella enterica serovariedad Typhimurium ATCC 13176 is capable to transfer itself to the lettuce, through the contaminated compost (OR=2.53) regardless of microorganism concentration in the compost, and there was an association between the contamination and the crop cover condition (p=0.002). The analysis of the roots and the irrigation water, demonstrated that it does not exist any transference association.

16.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 12(5)2008. graf tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-38824

RESUMO

Fundamento: El ozono puro al ser inhalado es tóxico, pero se ha demostrado que es seguro y efectivo cuando está diluido para uso terapéutico. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del ozono en pacientes con parálisis facial periférica tipo Bell. Método: Se realizó un estudio experimental de intervención en el Centro Provincial de Retinosis Pigmentaria Dr. Orfilio Peláez Molina de Camagüey desde enero 2002 hasta junio de 2005. El universo de estudio en coincidencia con la muestra estuvo constituido por 67 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de inclusiones establecidas, así como igual número de pacientes con tratamiento convencional el que se le denominó grupo control, procedentes de las consultas de Otorrinolaringología, Medicina Interna y Rehabilitación de las distintas áreas de salud de la provincia. Al grupo estudio se les aplicó ozono por vía rectal 15 sesiones con una frecuencia de 1-3 ciclos al año, el grupo control cumplió tratamiento convencional. Resultados: Se constató que el grupo de edades entre 40-50 años y el sexo femenino fueron los más frecuentes, no existió diferencia marcada entre ambos grupos, la parálisis en hemicara derecha fue la más significativa, la sintomatología que perduró entre los grupos estudiados fue la contractura de los músculos faciales en los tres ciclos de tratamiento, se observó una mayor resolución de los síntomas en los pacientes del grupo estudio, con una mejor evolución en estos casos, así como la significación social y económica del estudio. Conclusiones: Las terapias bio-oxidantes son más efectivas, que el tratamiento convencional con un ahorro total de $ 21 940.05, mejoran el estado biopsicosocial de cada enfermo en general(AU)


Background: The pure ozone on being inhaled is toxic, but has been shown that is reliable and effective when is diluted for therapeutic use. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the ozone in patients with peripheral facial paralysis Bell type. Method: An intervention experimental study at Dr. Orfilio Peláez Molina Pigmentary Retinosis Provincial Center of Camagüey from January 2002 to June 2005. The universe of study in coincidence with the sample was constituted by 67 patients that complied the inclusion criteria established, as well as equal number of patients with conventional treatment which was named control group, coming from Otorhinolaryngology, Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation consultations of different health areas of the province. To the study group was applied ozone by rectal via 15 sessions with a frequency of 1-3 cycles to the year, the control group complied conventional treatment. Results: The age group between 40-50 years and the female sex were the most frequent was verified, no marked difference among both groups existed, the paralysis in the right hemiface was the most significant one, the symptomatology that lasted among the studied groups was the contracture of the facial muscles in the three cycles of treatment, a greater resolution of the symptoms in the patients of the study group was observed, with better evolution in these cases, as well as the economic and social meaning of the study. Conclusions: Bio-oxidant therapies are more effective, than the conventional treatment with a total savings of $ 21 940.05, improve the biopsychosocial state of each sickperson in general


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ozônio/uso terapêutico , Paralisia de Bell/terapia , Ensaio Clínico
17.
Arch. méd. Camaguey ; 12(5)2008. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-532409

RESUMO

Fundamento: El ozono puro al ser inhalado es tóxico, pero se ha demostrado que es seguro y efectivo cuando está diluido para uso terapéutico. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad del ozono en pacientes con parálisis facial periférica tipo Bell. Método: Se realizó un estudio experimental de intervención en el Centro Provincial de Retinosis Pigmentaria Dr. Orfilio Peláez Molina de Camagüey desde enero 2002 hasta junio de 2005. El universo de estudio en coincidencia con la muestra estuvo constituido por 67 pacientes que cumplieron los criterios de inclusiones establecidas, así como igual número de pacientes con tratamiento convencional el que se le denominó grupo control, procedentes de las consultas de Otorrinolaringología, Medicina Interna y Rehabilitación de las distintas áreas de salud de la provincia. Al grupo estudio se les aplicó ozono por vía rectal 15 sesiones con una frecuencia de 1-3 ciclos al año, el grupo control cumplió tratamiento convencional. Resultados: Se constató que el grupo de edades entre 40-50 años y el sexo femenino fueron los más frecuentes, no existió diferencia marcada entre ambos grupos, la parálisis en hemicara derecha fue la más significativa, la sintomatología que perduró entre los grupos estudiados fue la contractura de los músculos faciales en los tres ciclos de tratamiento, se observó una mayor resolución de los síntomas en los pacientes del grupo estudio, con una mejor evolución en estos casos, así como la significación social y económica del estudio. Conclusiones: Las terapias bio-oxidantes son más efectivas, que el tratamiento convencional con un ahorro total de $ 21 940.05, mejoran el estado biopsicosocial de cada enfermo en general.


Background: The pure ozone on being inhaled is toxic, but has been shown that is reliable and effective when is diluted for therapeutic use. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the ozone in patients with peripheral facial paralysis Bell type. Method: An intervention experimental study at Dr. Orfilio Peláez Molina Pigmentary Retinosis Provincial Center of Camagüey from January 2002 to June 2005. The universe of study in coincidence with the sample was constituted by 67 patients that complied the inclusion criteria established, as well as equal number of patients with conventional treatment which was named control group, coming from Otorhinolaryngology, Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation consultations of different health areas of the province. To the study group was applied ozone by rectal via 15 sessions with a frequency of 1-3 cycles to the year, the control group complied conventional treatment. Results: The age group between 40-50 years and the female sex were the most frequent was verified, no marked difference among both groups existed, the paralysis in the right hemiface was the most significant one, the symptomatology that lasted among the studied groups was the contracture of the facial muscles in the three cycles of treatment, a greater resolution of the symptoms in the patients of the study group was observed, with better evolution in these cases, as well as the economic and social meaning of the study. Conclusions: Bio-oxidant therapies are more effective, than the conventional treatment with a total savings of $ 21 940.05, improve the biopsychosocial state of each sickperson in general


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ozônio/uso terapêutico , Paralisia de Bell/terapia , Ensaio Clínico
18.
Hum méd ; 5(1)ene.-abr. 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-29143

RESUMO

El enfoque social de la salud exige la incorporación de las Ciencias Psicológicas y su aplicación profesional en el conjunto de disciplinas que se integran a la concepción y la práctica de la salud pública. La Psicología de la Salud es la disciplina que se adapta a estos requerimientos. Dentro de la Psicología de la Salud un pilar importante lo constituye la atención al enfermo crónico. Estas autoras basadas en sus años de experiencia en la labor con el paciente con Retinosis Pigmentaria establecen las estrategias que deben pautarse en las acciones del Psicólogo que pertenece al equipo multidisciplinario que se encarga de la atención a este paciente. Perfiladas las acciones hacia la etapa infanto -juvenil del desarrollo humano, busca las acciones fundamentales que minimizan el establecimiento de alteraciones psíquicas en este individuo, propiciando el mejoramiento de su calidad de vida. Estas estrategias persiguen además, optimizar la calidad en los servicios que prestan estas instituciones establecidas a lo largo de nuestro país(AU)


Assuntos
Medicina do Comportamento , Doença Crônica
19.
Humanidad. med ; 5(1): 0-0, ene.-abr. 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-738538

RESUMO

El enfoque social de la salud exige la incorporación de las Ciencias Psicológicas y su aplicación profesional en el conjunto de disciplinas que se integran a la concepción y la práctica de la salud pública. La Psicología de la Salud es la disciplina que se adapta a estos requerimientos. Dentro de la Psicología de la Salud un pilar importante lo constituye la atención al enfermo crónico. Estas autoras basadas en sus años de experiencia en la labor con el paciente con Retinosis Pigmentaria establecen las estrategias que deben pautarse en las acciones del Psicólogo que pertenece al equipo multidisciplinario que se encarga de la atención a este paciente. Perfiladas las acciones hacia la etapa infanto -juvenil del desarrollo humano, busca las acciones fundamentales que minimizan el establecimiento de alteraciones psíquicas en este individuo, propiciando el mejoramiento de su calidad de vida. Estas estrategias persiguen además, optimizar la calidad en los servicios que prestan estas instituciones establecidas a lo largo de nuestro país.


The social focus of the health demands the incorporation of the Psychological Sciences and its professional application in the group of disciplines that you/they are integrated to the conception and the practice of the public health. The Psychology of the Health is the discipline that adapts to these requirements. Inside the Psychology of the Health an important pillar constitutes it the attention to the chronic sick person. These authors based on their years of experience in the work with the patient with Retinosis would Pigment the strategies that should be averaged in the Psychologist's actions that it belongs to the multidisciplinary team that takes charge from the attention to this patient settle down. Profiled the actions toward the stage infanto - juvenile of the human development, it looks for the fundamental actions that minimize the establishment of psychic alterations in this individual, propitiating the improvement of their quality of life. These strategies also pursue, to optimize the quality in the services that you/they lend these established institutions along our country.

20.
Wiñay yachay ; 4(2): 57-68, dic. 2000. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1112465

RESUMO

El ensayo se realizó en el Jardín Hidropónico de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, para determinar el efecto de diferentes niveles de calcio en cultivo hidropónico de lycopersicon esculentum mill vr. Montfavet 63/5. Se utilizó cuatro tratamientos: T1 (solución con requerimientos recomendados); T2 (50 por ciento deficiente en calcio); T3 (deficiente 30 por ciento en calcio) y T4 (exceso al 40 por ciento en calcio). Con 15 repeticiones cada uno. En ANVA determinó diferencias entre las medias de las alturas en los 4 tratamientos. La prueba de TUKEY mostró que T4 fue diferente a T2, T3 y T1; T1 diferente a T2, pero igual a T3 y T3 diferente a T2, evidenciando que la solución con exceso de calcio alcanzó mayor altura. Las medias de producción parcial por planta en gramos fue 1 461,2 g para T2 hasta 1 678,2 g para T4. El ANVA encontró diferencias entre las medias de producción entre los 4 tratamientos. La prueba TUKEY mostró también el número y peso en gramos de los frutos, resultando T4 y T1 con pesos similares (52,9 g), T3 (51,5 g) y T2(49,8 g). Los coeficientes de variabilidad oscilaron entre 9,8-12,3, lo que indica que las unidades experimentales del ensayo fueron homogéneas. Tanto T2 como T3 presentaron los síntomas esperados por deficiencia de calcio.


Assuntos
Cálcio , Hidroponia , Solanum lycopersicum
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