Sarcopenia and dynapenia is correlated to worse quality of life perception in middle-aged and older adults with Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: There are few studies that assess the relationship between nutritional status and quality of life in individuals with Parkinson's disease, despite the well-established negative impact of sarcopenia and dynapenia on functional capacity and quality of life. These conditions impair protein-muscular status and are prevalent in individuals with Parkinson's disease. This study aimed to examine the relationship between nutritional status, including body composition, functional capacity, and diagnosis of sarcopenia and dynapenia, and quality-of-life perception in individuals with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in two Parkinson's disease centers in the northeast of Brazil. The researchers assessed muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance to diagnose dynapenia, sarcopenia and functional capacity. Quality of life was estimated using the Parkinson's disease Quality of Life Questionnaire. RESULTS: We found positive correlations between quality of life and variables such as severity and duration of the disease, as well as positive screening for sarcopenia (p<0.001). Negative correlations were observed between quality of life and muscle strength and functional capacity. The study also found that individuals with sarcopenia and dynapenia had significantly worse quality-of-life scores compared to those who did not have these nutritional outcomes (p <0.05; p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of sarcopenia, dynapenia, low gait speed, disease duration, and severity had an impact on higher scores in the Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire, indicating a worsening perception of quality of life.

Dynapenic abdominal obesity is related to cardiovascular risk in older adults with Parkinson's disease: A cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Currently, the impact of nutritional status in Parkinson's disease over the cardiovascular risk is poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate dynapenic abdominal obesity and its influence in anthropometric parameters of cardiovascular risk in older patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving outpatients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in two treatment centers in northeast of Brazil. We included patients who aged 60 years and older. The data was collected from January to July of 2019. For abdominal obesity, waist circumference was used. For dynapenia, Handgrip Strength was measured. Dynapenic abdominal obesity was established as the coexistence of dynapenia and abdominal obesity. RESULTS: The dynapenic abdominal obesity occurred in 25% of the patients and was higher in women (p = 0.073). The dynapenic abdominal obesity group had a decreased muscle strength, higher values of Body Mass Index, a worse Waist Height Ratio; increased values of Fat Mass and percentual of Fat Mass and an increased value of Conicity Index (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of dynapenic abdominal obesity in our population was related to the worsening of anthropometric values of cardiovascular risk. From our results we can suggest that the early identification of the coexistence of nutritional disorders, such as dynapenia and abdominal obesity can help in the appropriate intervention to mitigate the risks related to adverse events.

Food consumption, anthropometry and body composition of patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease / Consumo alimentar, antropometria e composição corporal de pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Parkinson

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the consumption of risk and protective foods for chronic noncommunicable diseases and to investigate associations with anthropometric parameters and body composition in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Methods A case-series study was conducted with 79 adult and elderly patients of both genders in outpatient care. Food intake was evaluated using a food frequency questionnaire for the identification of foods with greater daily consumption, stratified by gender. The consumption frequency of each food was converted into scores of two food groups characteristics: risk and protection. The conceptual model took into account sociodemographic, behavioral and anthropometric variables as well as body composition. Results A total of 72.1% of the participants in the sample had excess weight based on the body mass index and 43.5% had excess body fat. The consumption of protective foods was greater among individuals with a higher body mass index and with a greater rate of body fat. Conclusion The data indicate a situation of reverse causality and reveal the complexity of the relationship among food intake, body fat and chronic noncommunicable diseases.

RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo visou avaliar o consumo de alimentos de risco e proteção para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis e sua associação com parâmetros antropométricos e de composição corporal em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos Estudo do tipo série de casos, com 79 pacientes adultos e idosos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos ambulatorialmente. O consumo alimentar desses pacientes foi avaliado por um questionário de frequência alimentar, sendo identificados inicialmente os alimentos com maior frequência de consumo diário por sexo e, em seguida, a frequência de consumo de cada alimento foi convertida em escores, sendo constituídos dois grupos de alimentos: risco e proteção. O modelo conceitual considerou variáveis sociodemográficas, comportamentais, antropométricas e de composição corporal. Resultados Ao todo, 72,1% dos pacientes apresentaram excesso de peso segundo o índice de massa corporal e 43,5% apresentaram excesso de gordura corporal. O consumo de alimentos protetores foi maior nos pacientes com maior índice de massa corporal e maior percentual de gordura corporal. Conclusão Os dados apontam para uma condição de causalidade reversa e revelam a complexidade envolvida na relação entre consumo alimentar, gordura corporal e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.

Factors associated with handgrip strenght loss in people living with HIV in use of antiretroviral therapy / Factores asociados a reducir la fuerza de presión palmar en personas que viven con VIH en el uso de terapia antirretroviral

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the frequency of reduction of handgrip strength (PGS) and its associated factors in people living with HIV using antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: A series of cases, carried out in a public hospital in Recife, PE, from March to July 2017, which evaluated patients ≥ 20 years, using a questionnaire that contained sociodemographic, anthropometric, clinical, biochemical and lifestyle variables. The handgrip strength test was performed using a dynamometer. RESULTS: A total of 109 patients were evaluated, of which 29.4% presented a reduction in the PGS. The female sex and schooling < 9 years were more likely to present a reduction in the PGS. Patients who had a CD4 cell count < 350 cells /mm³, and presented anorexia and fatigue presented a higher probability of reduction in PGS. There was no significant correlation between changes in anthropometric parameters and reduction in PGS. It is noteworthy to mention the observed frequency of underweight (10.2%) and overweight (49.1%) among subjects, as judged by their body mass index (BMI). In addition to the frequency of undernutrition by BMI, arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, triceps skinfold and percentage of weight loss were in the range of 30%. CONCLUSION: Female gender, lower educational level, anorexia, fatigue and less number of TCD4 cells were associated with this reduction

OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la frecuencia de reducción de la fuerza del mango (FPP) y sus factores asociados en personas con VIH que usan terapia antirretroviral. MÉTODOS: Estudio de serie de casos, realizado en un hospital público en Recife, PE, de marzo a julio de 2017, que evaluó a pacientes ≥ 20 años de edad, utilizando un cuestionario que contenía variables sociodemográficas, antropométricas, clínicas, bioquímicas y de estilo de vida. vida. La prueba FPP se realizó con un dinamómetro. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron 109 pacientes, 29.4% de los cuales tuvieron una reducción en FPP. El género femenino y la educación <9 años fueron más propensos a mostrar una reducción en FPP. Los pacientes con un recuento de células CD4 <350 células / mm³ y anorexia y fatiga tenían más probabilidades de reducir la FPP. No hubo correlación significativa entre los cambios en los parámetros antropométricos y una reducción en FPP. Se destaca la frecuencia de bajo peso (10.2%) y sobrepeso (49.1%) entre los pacientes, como lo demuestra el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Además de la frecuencia de desnutrición por IMC, la circunferencia del brazo, la circunferencia muscular del brazo, el pliegue cutáneo tricipital y el porcentaje de pérdida de peso estaban en el rango del 30%. CONCLUSIÓN: El género femenino, menos educación, anorexia, fatiga y un menor número de células CD4 se asociaron con una reducción en FPP

Associação da quimiotoxicidade com o estado (de la quimiotoxicidad con el estado) nutricional em pacientes oncológicos / Nutritional status and chemotoxicity in oncology patients

Introdução: O câncer é uma enfermidade caracterizada pelo (El cáncer es una enfermedad que se caracteriza por el) crescimento desordenado de células, cujo tratamento com quimioterapia atua no seu controle ou (cuyo tratamiento con quimioterapia actúa en su control o) remissão e pode prolongar a sobrevida. No entanto (Sin embargo), a quimioterapia pode causar uma série de efeitos colaterais, denominados quimiotoxicidade, levando ao déficit nutricional e comprometendo sua tolerância e (llevando al déficit nutricional y comprometiendo su tolerancia y) eficácia. Objetivo: Verificar a associação da quimiotoxicidade com o estado nutricional de pacientes oncológicos. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de caráter retrospectivo, com análise de prontuário (con análisis de historia clínica) de pacientes com neoplasia de tumores sólidos, com 3 ciclos realizados de quimioterapia. Foram coletadas variáveis (Fueron contempladas variables) sociodemográficas, clínicas, antropométricas e a quimiotoxicidade foi categorizada conforme a National Cancer Institute (NCI). Resultados: Foram avaliados 126 pacientes, com idade média 54.6 ± 13.9 anos, predominantemente do sexo feminino (68.3%). As neoplasias mais prevalentes foram mama (51%) e trato gastrointestinal (34.5%) e o estadiamento IV foi prevalente (con prevalencia del estadio IV) (40.5%). A quimiotoxicidade apresentou-se desde o primeiro ciclo, com 52.5% de toxicidade bioquímica. Comparando o primeiro e terceiro ciclo não foi observada associação significativa entre a toxicidade e o índice de massa corporal (IMC), leucócitos, plaquetas e hemoglobina, mas observou-se tendência na toxicidade (pero se observó una tendencia en la toxicidad) de neutrófilos (p = 0.053). A toxicidade gastrointestinal afetou significativamente a perda de peso durante o (la pérdida de peso durante el) tratamento (p = 0.024). Conclusão: A quimiotoxicidade foi observada desde o primeiro ciclo, no entanto apenas a toxicidade do trato gastrointestinal apresentou (sin embargo, solo la toxicidad del tracto gastrointestinal presentó una) associação com a perda de peso corporal.

Introduction: Cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells, whose treatment with chemotherapy acts as a control or remission and may prolong survival. However, chemotherapy can cause a number of side effects, called chemotoxicity, leading to malnutrition and compromising its effectiveness and tolerance. Objective: To investigate the association between chemotoxicity and the nutritional status of cancer patients. Methods: Longitudinal and retrospective study with chart analysis of patients with cancer of solid tumors, with at least 3 cycles of chemotherapy performed. Sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric variables were collected and chemotoxicity was categorized according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI, 1999). Results: We evaluated 126 patients, mean age of 54.6 ± 13.9 years, predominantly female (68.3%). The most common cancers were breast (51%) and gastrointestinal tract (34.5%) and most were classified as stage IV (40.5%). Chemotoxicity showed up from the first cycle, with 52.5% biochemical toxicity. Comparing the first and the third cycles, no difference in toxicity was observed in relation to body mass index (BMI), white blood cells, platelets and hemoglobin; but there was a trend in the association of toxicity with neutrophils (p = 0.053). The GI toxicity significantly affected weight loss during treatment (p = 0.024). Conclusion: chemotoxicity was observed from the first cycle; however only the toxicity of the gastrointestinal tract was associated with weight loss.

Caquexia e pré-caquexia em pacientes com câncer do trato gastrointestinal / Cachexia and pre-cachexia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer

Introdução: A caquexia é sinônimo de um tipo específico de desnutrição denominada "Desnutrição Relacionada à Doença com inflamação", é uma condição catabólica caracterizada por resposta inflamatória, incluindo anorexia e catabolismo tecidual, provocada pela doença subjacente. Objetivos: Verificar a frequência de caquexia e pré-caquexia e fatores associados em pacientes com câncer do trato gastrointestinal. Sujeitos e Métodos: Estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, envolvendo pacientes com idade ≥18anos, de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico de neoplasia do trato gastrintestinal. Para avaliação da caquexia utilizou-se critério composto pela perda de peso corporal ( < 10%=pré-caquexia; ≥10%=caquexia) e presença de pelo menos um sintoma (anorexia, fadiga ou saciedade precoce). Para avaliar o apetite foi aplicado o Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ), e a fadiga foi medida pela Dutch Fatigue Scale (DUFS). As variáveis nutricionais compreenderam os indicadores antropométricos: prega cutânea tricipital, circunferência do braço, circunferência muscular do braço, área muscular do braço e músculo adutor do polegar; e a Avaliação Subjetiva Global Produzida pelo Próprio Paciente (ASG-PPP). As variáveis laboratoriais foram hemoglobina, contagem total de linfócitos, albumina e proteína-C-reativa. Resultados: Caquexia e pré-caquexia ocorreram em 56,3% e 23,8% dos pacientes, respectivamente. A maioria dos indicadores antropométricos e a ASG-PPP foram significativamente associados à caquexia. Nenhuma associação foi verificada para os dados demográficos, clínicos e laboratoriais. Conclusões: Foi elevada a ocorrência de caquexia e pré- caquexia em pacientes com câncer gastrointestinal, apenas as variáveis nutricionais se associaram à caquexia (AU)

Introduction: Cachexia is synonymous of a specific type of malnutrition called "Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) with inflammation", it is an inflammation is a catabolic condition characterized by inflammatory response including anorexia and tissue catabolism, caused by the underlying disease. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of cachexia and precachexia and associated factors in patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study, with convenience sample, in patients ≥18 years old, of both gender; diagnosed with gastrointestinal tract neoplasia. For the cachexia evaluation, it was used a criterion comprised of four categories based on combinations of body weight loss.( < 10% = precachexia, ≥10% = cachexia) and the presence or absence of at least one of these symptoms (anorexia/ fatigue/satiety). It was applied the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) in order to evaluate the appetite and the fatigue was evaluated by the Dutch Fatigue Scale (DUFS). Nutritional variables included the anthropometric indicators: tricipital skin fold, arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, arm muscle area and thumb adductor muscle; and the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Laboratory variables were hemoglobin, Total Lymphocyte Counts, Albumin and serum C-reactive protein. Results: Cachexia and pre-cachexia occurred in 56.3% and 23.8% of patients, respectively. Most of the anthropometric indicators and PG-SGA were significantly associated with cachexia. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were not associated with cachexia. Conclusions: The occurrence of cachexia and precachexia was elevated in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, only nutritional indicators were associated with cachexia (AU)

Associação do (Asociación entre el) estado nutricional com a qualidade (y la calidad) de vida de pacientes oncológicos em tratamento quimioterápico / Association between nutritional status and quality of life in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy

Introduction: The number of new cancer cases has increased over the years, placing this disease among the most prevalent worldwide. Studies show that the quality of life of cancer patients is impaired and that there is an association between malnutrition and reduced quality of life (QoL). Objective: To investigate the association between nutritional status and quality of life of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 45 cancer patients from the outpatient chemotherapy service at a university hospital in Northeast Brazil. Anthropometric measurements and QoL were assessed by applying the Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: There was a high percentage of malnutrition, ranging from 15.6% according to body mass index, to 43.9%, according to the muscular circumference of the arm. Median score was verified at 50.0 (Q1 = 41.7; Q3, 50.0) on the scale of general QoL. There were no significant correlations between nutritional status and QoL scores. Only the cognitive performance scale showed inverse correlation with triceps skinfold (TSF) (p = 0.033) and arm circumference (p = 0.011). Regarding the level of symptoms, diarrhea correlated directly with PCT (p = 0.025). Conclusion: There was impairment of QoL in the aspect of overall health. Although many studies have shown association between malnutrition and low QoL, this relationship was not observed in this investigation

Introdução: Os números de novos casos de câncer vêm aumentando ao longo dos anos (La cantidad de nuevos casos de cáncer está aumentando a lo largo de los años), fazendo com que esta doença esteja entre uma das mais prevalentes no (provocando que esta enfermedad sea una de las más prevalentes en el) mundo. Estudos evidenciam que a qualidade de vida dos pacientes oncológicos está prejudicada e que há associação (está deteriorada y que existe una asociación) entre desnutrição e redução da qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivo: Verificar a associação do estado nutricional com a qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos em tratamento quimioterápico. Métodos: Estudo transversal envolvendo 45 pacientes oncológicos captados do serviço ambulatorial de quimioterapia de um hospital universitário localizado no Nordeste brasileiro. Foram avaliadas (Fueron evaluadas) medidas antropométricas e a QV, a partir da aplicação do Quality of life Questionnaire. Resultados: Observou-se elevado percentual de desnutrição, variando de 15.6%, segundo o (según el) índice de massa corporal, a 43.9%, segundo a circunferência muscular do braço (del brazo). Foi verificada uma pontuação mediana de 50.0 (Q1 = 41.7; Q3 = 50.0) para a escala de estado geral de QV. Não foram observadas importantes correlações entre os estado nutricional e os escores (puntajes) de QV. Apenas escala de desempenho cognitivo apresentou correlação inversa com a prega cutânea tricipital (el pliegue cutáneo del tríceps) (PCT) (p = 0.033) e circunferência do braço (p = 0.011). Em relação à escala de sintomas, a diarréia se correlacionou diretamente a PCT (p = 0.025). Conclusão: Verificou-se comprometimento da (compromiso de la) QV no aspecto de saúde global. Embora muitos estudos demonstrem associação entre a desnutrição e baixa (Aunque muchos estudios demuestren la asociación entre desnutrición y baja) QV, essa relação não foi evidenciada nessa (no fue probada en esta) investigação