RESUMO
The objective of the present study was to determine the main lesions found during the sanitary inspection of the lungs of slaughtered pigs. The study was carried out at three slaughterhouses registered with the Pernambuco State Inspection System located in metropolitan Recife and the coastal zone of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. A total of 715 pig lungs were inspected from July 2008 to May 2009. Pulmonary lesions were detected in all herds studied. Among the total number of animals evaluated, 43.8% (313/715) had some type of lung injury. Pneumonia was the most common finding, recorded in 93.0% (291/313) of damaged lungs, followed by petechial hemorrhaging (6.7%; 21/313) and blood aspiration (3.5%; 11/313). Among the lungs submitted to histopathology, the most frequent microscopic finding was granulomatous pneumonia with 32.2% (49/152), followed by 21.7% (33/152) of interstitial pneumonia and 3.2% (14/152) fibrinous bronchopneumonia. There was a significant association between the occurrence of lung lesions and all variables related to the environment in which the animals were raised as well as the type of operation and nutritional status.
O trabalho foi realizado em três abatedouros inscritos no sistema de inspeção estadual, localizados na Região Metropolitana de Recife e Zona da Mata do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram inspecionados 715 pulmões de suínos, no período de julho de 2008 a maio de 2009. As lesões pulmonares foram detectadas em todos os plantéis estudados. Do total dos animais avaliados 43,8% (313/715) apresentaram algum tipo de lesão no pulmão. A pneumonia foi o tipo de lesão mais frequente, registrada em 93,0% (291/313) dos pulmões lesionados seguida de 6,7% (21/313) com hemorragias petequiais e 3,5% (11/313) de aspiração de sangue. Dentre os pulmões submetidos ao exame histopatológico, a lesão microscópica mais frequente foi a pneumonia granulomatosa com 32,2 (49/152), seguida de pneumonia intersticial com 21,7% (33/152) e broncopneumonia fibrinosa 3,2% (14/152). Observou-se associação significativa da ocorrência de lesão de pulmão com todas as variáveis relativas ao ambiente onde os animais são criados, além do tipo de exploração e estado nutricional.
RESUMO
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the management factors administered in the properties on rates of infection by coccidia in swine in slaughterhouses located at the Metropolitan Region of Recife (MRR) and Zona da Mata (ZM) of Pernambuco State, Brazil. In the period from June 2008 to May 2009 a total of 447 fecal samples from slaughterhouses were collected directly from the animals gram of feces, from 11 properties from cities of the state of Pernambuco, being eight and the parasitological examinations were carried out by counting of oocysts per was also carried out to identify the management condition of each farm. Oocysts of technologically qualified farms and three of subsistence. A questionnaire survey of coccidia were detected in 6.5% (29/447) of the samples analyzed in the study but in 3.6% of these samples, only the coccidian infection was recorded without identification of genus. The Eimeria spp was present in 1.6% (7/447) and mixed infections (Eimeria spp and Isospora suis) were recorded in 1.3% (6/447) of the samples. According to the results, significant association (P 0.05) was observed between management systems and the coccidian infection. In conclusion, farm management systems related to hygiene control seems to be an important factor in the levels of coccidian infection, particularly in subsistence farms.
Objetivou-se, neste estudo, avaliar a influência de fatores do manejo instituído nas propriedades de origem sobre as taxas de infecção por coccídios em suínos de abatedouros da Região Metropolitana do Recife e da Zona da Mata do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Analisaram-se as fezes de suínos de abatedouros, no período de julho de 2008 a maio de 2009, totalizando 447 suínos, oriundos de 11 proprieda-des de municípios do estado de Pernambuco, sendo oito propriedades de granjas tecnificadas e três de subsistência. Amostras fecais foram coletadas da ampola retal na linha de inspeção das vísceras e submetidas à contagem de oocistos por grama de fezes. Realizou-se a aplicação de um questionário investigativo para conhecer a situação das granjas. A presença de oocistos de coccídios foi detectada em 6,5% (29/447) das amostras analisadas. Eimeria spp + Isospora suis foram diagnosticadas em 1,3% (6/447) e Eimeria spp em 1,6% (7/447). Obteve-se associação significativa (P 0,05) entre os sistemas de manejo e a ocorrência de coccídios. Os aspectos relativos à higiene nas propriedades apresentaram-se como fatores importantes nos níveis de infecção, principalmente nas granjas de subsistência.