Replacement of forage fiber with non-forage fiber sources in dairy cow diets changes milk extracellular vesicle-miRNA expression.

Milk is a dynamic source of nutrients and bioactive factors, varying with the nutrition status of the cattle. We partly replaced alfalfa hay with whole cotton seed and soybean hull (non-forage fiber source, NFFS) in the feed formula of treated cows and evaluated the effects on milk extracellular vesicles (EVs). The NFFS supplement did not affect the shape of milk EVs observed using a transmission electron microscope. Nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed that the EV concentration increased significantly in treated cows (P = 0.019), with the peak diameter unaffected by the treatment. The EV-RNA concentration and small RNA content, particularly rRNAs and tRNAs, significantly increased in the treated cows (P < 0.05). The other small RNAs, i.e. miRNAs, cis-regulatory elements, snRNAs, and other Rfam RNAs showed no significant difference between the two groups. Totally 276 milk EV-miRNAs were identified. Thirteen miRNAs, accounting for 76%, in the highly expressed top 20, were immune-related. In addition, 9 differently expressed miRNAs (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated) were identified (P < 0.05). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the differently expressed miRNAs were related to the citrate cycle, fat digestion and absorption process, taurine and hypo-taurine metabolism, and glycosphingolipid biosynthesis. This study documents the milk nutrition assessment from macromolecules, especially EVs.

Development of Quantum Dot Submicrobeads-based Fluorescent Immunochromatographic Test Strip for Rapid Detection of Chloramphenicol / 分析化学

A fluorescent immunochromatographic test strip based on the quantum dots submicrobeads (QBs) was developed for quantitative detection of chloramphenicol (CAP). In this method, monoclonal antibody of CAP and OBs complex fluorescent probe was first prepared using 1-ethyl-3-( 3-dimethylaminopropyl ) carbodiimide / N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling approach, then complete antigen CAP-HS-BSA was synthesized and sprayed on nitrocellulose membrane as test line (T line). Similarly, goat anti-mouse antibody was sprayed as control line (C line). The time required for the analysis was 15 min, and the limit of detection (LOD) for CAP was 0. 1 μg / L, with a working range of 0. 1 - 100 μg / L. In spiked milk samples, the test strip demonstrated high recoveries in the range from 93. 3% to 97. 9% with relative standard deviations of less than 7% .

Analysis of chronergy for treatment of spinal cord injury with the allogeneic bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMscs) transplantation in rats / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the change of behavior, pathological change of the spinal cord,and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (NGF) on rats with spinal cord injury in order to explore the optimal time of BMSCs transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty health SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (group A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H), 10 rats in each group. According to the modified Allen method,the rat model of spinal cord injury was built. Group A as non-injured group only exposed the spinal cord but not result in blast injury. BMSCs of vitro culture were respectively infunded the region of spinal cord injury in group C, D, E, F, G, H (as transplantation groups) at the 0 h, 6 h, 24 h,3 d,5 d,7 d after model made. Group B as single model group was infunded the equal cell culture fluid. BBB score was used to evaluate the function of spinal cord at the 1st,2nd and 4th weeks after injury. The morphological changes of the tissue of spinal cord injury were observed by HE stain and the expression of BDNF and NGF were detected by Elisa method at the 4th weeks after BMSCs transplantation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In non-injured group,BBB score was highest than that of other 7 groups at the 1st, 2nd and 4th weeks after injury (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in BBB score between single model group and transplantation groups at the 1st week after BMSCs transplantation (P>0.05). BBB score in transplantation groups were higher than that of single model group at the 2nd and 4th weeks after BMSCs transplantation (P<0.05). At the 2nd week after injury, BBB score from high to low was group F,E,G,D,H,C,but there was no significant difference among the groups (P>0.05). At the 4th week after injury,there was significant differences in BBB score between group F and other transplantation groups (group C,D,E,G,H)(P<O.05),but there was no significant difference among 5 groups (P>0.05). The levels of BDNF and NGF in group F was highest at the 4th week after BMSCs transplantation (P<0.05). In non-injured group,HE staining showed the struction of spinal cord was clear and complete,no neutrophil was found. But in other 7 groups,HE staining showed obviously oedema at local tissue,juncture of gray and white matter was undefined,and different gliocyte proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltrate cound be found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Allogeneic BMSCs transplantation is effective to stimulate the recovery of spinal cord function in rats with spinal cord injury,and the optimal time of BMSCs transplantation maybe at the 3 d after injury.</p>

Transcriptional activities of tumor-specific survivin promoter and PSMA promoter and enhancer in human prostate cancer: evaluation and comparison / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect and compare the transcriptional activities of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) promoter and enhancer and survivin promoter in different human prostate cancer cell lines, and to search for some evidence for the targeting gene therapy of human prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The fragments of the PSMA promoter and enhancer and survivin promoter were amplified by PCR and inserted into pGL3-Basic. The recombinant plasmids were transiently transfected into human prostate cancer cell lines and normal Chang liver cells, and, their transcriptional activities in various cells were determined by measuring the expression of luciferase.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survivin promoter exhibited a higher transcriptional activity than PSMA promoter and enhancer in tumor cell lines, and the S2pro promoter showed the highest activity, reaching one third of that of the CMV promoter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The survivin promoter is highly activated in prostate cancer cell lines and may serve as a new tool for the transcriptional targeting gene therapy of prostate cancer.</p>

Research and investigation in medicine of Baima Tibetan in Pingwu Sichuan / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate and collect medicinal resources and methods of prevention and treatment of diseases in Baima Tibetan of Pingwu Sichuan in order to rescue and protect the ethenological medicine.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Through visiting, field survey in four ethnic townships of Baima Tibetan in Pingwu Sichuan as well as referring literatures to collect information and data analysis of them the investigation was carried out.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The investigation area showed rich medical resources. Rheumatism, stomach disease, pharyngitis and trauma are local common diseases which caused by local climate, diet and life style and so on. The Baima Tibetan are good at using local herb singly and simply to treat disease, using cold water medicine and powder snuffing are their own characters.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is an extremely urgent issue to rescue Baima Tibetan medicine which is disappearing by the influence of the Han nationality culture.</p>

Radiographic diagnosis of traumatic bronchial rupture / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the X-ray and CT findings of traumatic bronchial rupture for early radiographic diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The chest plain X-ray films and CT images of 21 patients with traumatic bronchial rupture confirmed by operations or bronchoscopy were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The main radiographic findings of traumatic bronchial rupture included interrupted tracheobronchial air column, atelectasis, lung ptosis, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax or hydropneumothorax. CT scanning also revealed tracheobronchial wall defect, bronchostenosis, and bronchial occlusion, displacement and angulation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Chest plain X-ray film combined with CT scanning has important values for early diagnosis of traumatic bronchial rupture.</p>

Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT patterns and pathologies of noncalcified pulmonary tuberculomas / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze characteristic CT enhancement patterns of noncalcified pulmonary tuberculomas and their pathological basis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Fifty-six patients with noncalcified pulmonary tuberculomas underwent surgical resection of the tuberculomas. Enhanced CT images of these tuberculomas were reviewed and analyzed in relation to the histological findings.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 56 patients, 45 showed no enhancement in the tuberculomas, which were histologically characterized by central caseous necrosis and a poorly vascularized peripheral fibrotic zone. Eleven patients showed ring-like or eggshell enhancement, and the central low density region was histologically confirmed to be caused by caseous or liquefied necrosis, while the ring enhancement resulted pathologically from moderately or well vascularized peripheral fibrotic or granulomatous tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pulmonary tuberculomas consists mainly of caseous necrotic tissues characterized by no enhancement and ring or eggshell enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced CT.</p>

Detection of transcriptional activities of tumor-specific survivin promoter in human prostatic carcinoma / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clone DNA sequence of the survivin promoter and study is transcriptional activities in human prostate cancer cells and normal Chang liver cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The fragment of the survivin promoter was acquired by PCR amplification and inserted into pPRIME vectors to reconstruct a recombinant plasmid named pPRIME-S1pro and pPRIME-S2pro. Then the reconstructed plasmid was transiently transfected into human prostate cancer cells lines LNCaP and normal Chang liver cells. The transcriptional activities of the survivin promoter in various cells was determined by measuring the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survivin promoter had transcriptional activities in LNCaP cells and the transcriptional activity of the S2pro was much higher that of the S1pro, reaching a level of 39% of the transcriptional activity of the CMV promoter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The survivin promoter cloned in the therapy for prostate cancer.</p>

Inhibition of survivin gene expression in PC-3 cells by RNAi / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct eukaryotic expression vectors by using the pSilencer3. 1-H1 neo vector for inhibiting human survivin gene by RNA interference, and to detect the effect of the silenced survivin gene on PC-3 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three target gene segments were synthesized and cloned into the pSilencer3. 1-H1 neo vector respectively to construct three recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors: pSilencer3. 1-SVV1, pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3, which were identified by enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing. Then the PC-3 cells were transfected with the recombinant vectors and the interference effect detected by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining. The apoptosis index of the PC-3 cells was detected by flow cytometry and their proliferation detected by MTT method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing showed that three target segments were cloned into pSilencer3. 1-H1-neo vectors. The results of RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemical staining indicated that pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3 vectors could knock down the transcription and expression of survivin gene. After transfected with pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3 vectors, the apoptosis index of the PC-3 cells was increased by 10% - 15% and their growth obviously slowly down.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The transcription and expression of survivin gene were inhibited effectively by the recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors (pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3) in the prostate cancer cell line PC-3. After transfected with pSilencer3. 1-SVV2 and pSilencer3. 1-SVV3 vectors, the apoptosis index of the PC-3 cells was increased and their growth inhibited.</p>

Construction of antisense recombinant adenoviral vector for c-myc and its antiproliferative effect on rat lymphocytes / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To observe the antiproliferative effect of antisense recombinant adenoviral vector for c-myc on rat thymus lymphocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Antisense and sense bacterial plasmids for c-myc were constructed. Bacterial plasmids and El detected adenoviral plasmid were cotransfected into 293 cells. Recombinant adenoviral vectors were obtained after cotransfection. The antiproliferative effects were assayed by MTS. The expression of c-myc mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results showed that antisense recombinant adenoviral vector for c-myc could inhibit rat thymus lymphocytes proliferation. The expression of c-myc mRNA was decreased after antisense recombinant adenoviral vector for c-myc was transfected into cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Recombinant antisense adenoviral vector for c-myc could inhibit rat thymus lymphocytes proliferation.</p>

Study on the nucleic acid of E. coli bacteriophage with broad host range and its sterilization effect to sewage samples from the environment / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the change of nucleic acid sequence and the germicidal effect of an E. coli bacteriophage with broad host range isolated from hospital sewage as well as to study the mechanism of phage host specificity and the effect of killed bacteria by phage-disinfectant to the samples from sewage water.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>To extract the nucleic acid from phage f(2) and phage with broad host range using anti-serum-carbamidine hydrochloride assay. Purity with agarose gel electrophoresis was then evaluated. Differences of nucleic acid sequence between phage f(2) and phage with broad host range with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR were also comparing and analysed. Through observing the germicidal test of phage f(2) and phage with broad host range to samples from environment, different sterilization effects between the two phages were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Analystic test for nucleic acid revealed that the two phages both belonged to 6000 bp, single-stranded RNA bacteriophage. Significant differences in their specificity of RAPD-PCR and RT-PCR were found during the changed of host range; with 26 RAPD-cDNA differential fragments found that in two phages RAPD-PCR products. The RT-PCR product of phage f(2) was 450 bp cDNA fragment, but the phage with broad host range did not show PCR product. Treating the sewage water with phage under broad host range, the germicidal test showed that the cleaning rate of E. coli bacteria and phage f(2) in water samples from environment could reach 36.75% - 56.28%, 30.84% - 47.96%, 19.19% - 35.06% and 13.05% - 27.85%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The cleaning rates to E. coli and bacteria by phage with broad host range were obviously higher than phage f(2) (P = 0.000). Analytic test for nucleic acid indicated that host-specific lytic effect of phage with broad host range had been changed at genetic level.</p>