RESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de úlceras de pierna y caracterizar los pacientes afectados, las lesiones y el tratamiento recibido. Método: Estudio observacional, transversal de prevalencia. Se diseñó un cuestionario online ad hoc que se envió a todas las enfermeras de Atención Primaria de la Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Cuenca (España), y se recogieron variables relativas a los pacientes estudiados (sociodemográficas y clínicas), a las lesiones y a las intervenciones recibidas (preventivas y de tratamiento). Resultados: Contestaron 152 profesionales (tasa de respuesta=98,1%), y fue posible estudiar a 131.190 habitantes. En total, se identificaron 63 pacientes (edad=75,5±12,6 años) con 75 lesiones, por lo que la prevalencia global fue de 0,480 (IC 95%: 0,375-0,614), y las lesiones se distribuyeron como: úlcera de etiología venosa 0,274 (n=36), pie diabético 0,145 (n=19), y úlcera de etiología arterial 0,061 (n=8). La prevalencia fue similar en hombres y mujeres (0,535 vs. 0,426 respectivamente, p=0,365), pero los hombres mostraron más pie diabético (0,214 vs. 0,076, P=0,037). Para los tres tipos de lesiones, las prevalencias aumentaron al subir la edad, llegando a 1,743 en mayores de 65 años. La mediana de duración y el área corregida de las úlceras fue 190,0±340,0 días y 5,0±13,7 cm2, respectivamente, y el 74,7% fueron recurrentes. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de úlceras de pierna encontrada es inferior a la de otros estudios, aunque con altas tasas de recurrencia. Los estimadores globales de estudios anteriores pueden haber sobreestimado la prevalencia, especialmente en regiones con un alto componente rural.(AU)
Objective: To determine the prevalence of leg ulcers, and to describe the affected patients, wounds, and treatment. Method: Observational, cross-sectional prevalence study. An ad hoc online questionnaire was sent to all nurses attending Primary Care centres of the Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Cuenca (Integrated Care Management of Cuenca, Spain). Data regarding patient sociodemographic and clinical variables, lesion characteristics and the type of intervention (concerning prevention and treatment) were collected. Results: In total, 152 professionals (response rate=98.1%) completed the questionnaire, collecting data from 131,190 inhabitants. A total of 63 patients (75.5±12.6 years old) with 75 ulcers were identified, finding an overall prevalence of 0.480 (CI 95%: 0.375-0.614), distributed as: venous ulcer 0.274 (n=36), diabetic foot 0.145 (n=19), and arterial ulcer 0.061 (n=8). The prevalence was similar regarding gender (0.535 vs. 0.426, respectively, p=.365), but men exhibited more diabetic foot (0.214 vs. 0.076, p=.037).In all three types of lesions prevalence increased with age, reaching 1.743 in 64+age group.The median of the leg ulcer duration and corrected area were 190.0±340.0 days and 5.0±13.7cm2, respectively, with a recurrence rate of 74.7%. Conclusions: The prevalence of chronic leg ulcers was lower than that reported in other studies, although with high recurrence rates. Overall estimators from previous studies may have overestimated the prevalence, especially in regions with a high rural component.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Enfermagem , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Pé Diabético , Infecção dos Ferimentos , Úlcera da Perna , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of leg ulcers, and to describe the affected patients, wounds, and treatment. METHOD: Observational, cross-sectional prevalence study. An ad hoc online questionnaire was sent to all nurses attending Primary Care centres of the "Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Cuenca" (Integrated Care Management of Cuenca, Spain). Data regarding patient sociodemographic and clinical variables, lesion characteristics and the type of intervention (concerning prevention and treatment) were collected. RESULTS: In total, 152 professionals (response rate = 98.1%) completed the questionnaire, collecting data from 131,190 inhabitants. A total of 63 patients (75.5 ± 12.6 years old) with 75 ulcers were identified, finding an overall prevalence of .480 (CI 95%: .375-.614), distributed as: venous ulcer .274 (n = 36), diabetic foot .145 (n = 19), and arterial ulcer .061 (n = 8). The prevalence was similar regarding gender (.535 vs .426, respectively, p = .365), but men exhibited more diabetic foot (.214 vs .076, p = .037). In all three types of lesions prevalence increased with age, reaching 1.743 in 64+ age group. The median of the leg ulcer duration and corrected area were 190.0 ± 340.0 days and 5.0 ± 13.7 cm2, respectively, with a recurrence rate of 74.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of chronic leg ulcers was lower than that reported in other studies, although with high recurrence rates. Overall estimators from previous studies may have overestimated the prevalence, especially in regions with a high rural component.
Assuntos
Úlcera da Perna , Úlcera Varicosa , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Úlcera da Perna/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Úlcera Varicosa/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Objetivos: 1) Establecer la prevalencia puntual de úlceras por presión (UPP) y 2) caracterizar los pacientes afectados y las lesiones identificadas. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, realizado en la Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Cuenca (España). Se remitió cuestionario online a todos los profesionales de atención primaria, recogiendo variables epidemiológicas y clínicas de los pacientes afectados por UPP, así como datos de la propia lesión y el tratamiento. Resultados: Contestaron 152 profesionales (tasa de respuesta = 98,1%), lo que permitió estudiar a 131 190 habitantes. En total, se contabilizaron 72 lesiones por UPP que afectaban a 51 pacientes (edad = 86,6 ± 10,4 años), lo que representa una prevalencia global de 0,389 (IC 95%: 0,296-0,511). La prevalencia total fue mayor en mujeres que en hombres (0,532 vs. 0,245, p = 0,008, respectivamente), y en ambos grupos la prevalencia aumentó al incrementarse la edad, con prevalencias en individuos de 65 años o mayores del 1,982 y 1,144 para mujeres y hombres, respectivamente. Hasta en el 32,1% y 43,2% de los casos no se usó escala de valoración del riesgo y superficie especial de manejo de la presión, respectivamente. Un 47,2% de los pacientes presentó lesiones múltiples, y un 97,2% de las UPP presentó una categoría > 1, utilizándose la cura en ambiente húmedo en el 59,7% de las lesiones. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de UPP en una provincia con alto componente rural fue baja, si bien la distribución por edad y sexo y el perfil de las lesiones guardan analogia con los de otros estudios nacionales. El uso de estrategias preventivas y tratamientos con evidencia contrastada continúa siendo bajo (AU)
Objectives: 1) To determine the point prevalence of pressure ulcers (PU) and 2) to characterize the identified patients and lesions. Methods: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study, settled in the "Gerencia de Atención Integrada" of Cuenca (Spain). An ad hoc online questionnaire was sent to all nurses attending Primary Care centres, and epidemiologic and clinic variables related to patients with PU were recorded. Results: In total, 152 professionals (response rate 98.1%) answered the questionnaire, recording data of 131,190 habitants. We identified 72 PUs from 51 patients (86.6 ±10.4 years), which represents an overall prevalence of 0.389 (IC 95%: 0.296-0.511). The global prevalence was higher in women than men (0.532 vs. 0.245, p = 0,008, respectively) and increased with age, finding a prevalence in patients ≥ 65 years old of 1.982 and 1.144 for women and men, respectively. A risk assessment scale for PU prevention was not used in up to 32.1% of patients, and 43.2% of patients did not use any pressure relieving support surface. Multiple lesions were identified in 47.2% of patients, and 97.2% of PUs had a category >1. A wet wound healing therapy was used in 59.7% of the lesions. Conclusions: Overall, the prevalence of PU found in a rural province was low, but the distribution of age and gender as well as the profile of the lesions were like those found in national studies. The use of preventive strategies and evidence-based treatments is still low (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Úlcera por Pressão/epidemiologia , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Estudos Transversais , PrevalênciaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of leg ulcers, and to describe the affected patients, wounds, and treatment. METHOD: Observational, cross-sectional prevalence study. An ad hoc online questionnaire was sent to all nurses attending Primary Care centres of the "Gerencia de Atención Integrada de Cuenca" (Integrated Care Management of Cuenca, Spain). Data regarding patient sociodemographic and clinical variables, lesion characteristics and the type of intervention (concerning prevention and treatment) were collected. RESULTS: In total, 152 professionals (response rate=98.1%) completed the questionnaire, collecting data from 131,190 inhabitants. A total of 63 patients (75.5±12.6 years old) with 75 ulcers were identified, finding an overall prevalence of 0.480 (CI 95%: 0.375-0.614), distributed as: venous ulcer 0.274 (n=36), diabetic foot 0.145 (n=19), and arterial ulcer 0.061 (n=8). The prevalence was similar regarding gender (0.535 vs. 0.426, respectively, p=.365), but men exhibited more diabetic foot (0.214 vs. 0.076, p=.037). In all three types of lesions prevalence increased with age, reaching 1.743 in 64+age group. The median of the leg ulcer duration and corrected area were 190.0±340.0 days and 5.0±13.7cm2, respectively, with a recurrence rate of 74.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of chronic leg ulcers was lower than that reported in other studies, although with high recurrence rates. Overall estimators from previous studies may have overestimated the prevalence, especially in regions with a high rural component.
