Core prescription excavation of launched Chinese patent medicines for treating different syndromes of angina pectoris / 中国中药杂志

To analyze the medication features and regularity of prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines in treating patients with coronary heart disease angina pectoris based on the launched Chinese patent medicines. In the article,we collected all of the launched Chinese patent medicines for treating coronary heart disease and angina pectoris from the Chinese patent medicine value assessment information database,and set up a medical record normalized database,then carried out the classification of syndromes. The medication features and prescription rules for angina pectoris were analyzed by frequency statistics and association rules(IBM SPSS Modeler 14. 1 Premiums software,Apriori algorithm). Finally,a total of 170 prescriptions were selected,and 197 Chinese herbs were included,involving to totally 11 syndrome types,in which blood stasis syndrome,Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome,Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,Qi-Yin deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were the main syndrome types. The frequency of single-herb medicines for the four main syndrome types,the combination of commonly used medicines,and the core prescriptions were summarized. After comparing the core prescriptions of the four syndrome types,we could analyze the medication features and prescription rules. In conclusion,the therapeutic principle is blood-activating and stasis-dissolving,and consideration was also given to promoting Qi,invigorating Qi and resuscitation and invigorating Qi-Yin. The main medicines include Danshen(Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Chuan-xiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma). According to different types of syndromes,Chinese herbal medicines are added,such as Jiangxiang(Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum), Chishao(Paeoniaeradix Rubra), Sanqi(Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Honghua(Carthami Flos),Bingpian(Borneolum Syntheticum),Renshen(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). Frequency statistics and association rules are combined to explore the medication features and core prescriptions,which provide ideas for the treatment of angina pectoris and the development of new drugs.

Preparation and properties of collagen/chitosan composite sponge from forest frog skin / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Forest frog is a rare medicinal animal in China, but the skin of forest frog is waste after Oviductus Ranae production. The forest frog skin is rich of collagen, and is large in quantity without pollution and disease risk. So the forest frog skin has potential to be developed into collagen sponge; however, there is no research on collagen sponge preparation as yet.OBJECTIVE: To optimize the preparation of collagen sponge from forest frog skin, and to investigate the physical properties and in vitro cell compatibility.METHODS: Chitosan and glutaraldehyde were used to modify collagen sponge from forest frog skin. Chitosan/collagen (w/w) (1:1, 1:2, 1:4) and glutaraldehyde concentration (1%, 1.5% and 2%) were selected as the experimental factors.The significant water absorbency, mechanical properties and thermal denaturation temperature were chosen as the indexes. Using the orthogonal experimental design, we optimized collagen sponge preparation process. We also investigated the in vitro cell compatibility and surface morphology of the collagen sponge. The nine kinds of collagen sponges from forest frog skins were co-cultured with human foreskin fibroblasts to detect cell proliferation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: When the chitosan/collagen was 1:1 and the glutaraldehyde concentration was 1%, we could get the collagen sponge with ideal water absorbency (water absorption capacity=5.22), mechanical properties (elongation at break=10.96%) and thermal denaturation temperature (81.24 ℃). The aperture of the forest frog skin collagen sponge was 200-400 μm, and the pores were consistent in the size and arranged regularly. Except the chitosan/collagen of 1:4 and the glutaraldehyde concentration of 1% or 5%, all kinds of forest frog skin collagen sponges could promote the viability of human foreskin fibroblasts and exerted benefits to cell viability and growth. To conclude,the forest frog skin collagen sponge has good biocompatibility and apparent morphology, in aggreement with the requirements of biological materials.

Pristimerin attenuates ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation in mice.

Pristimerin has been shown to possess antiinflammatory activity. However, its potential use for asthma induced by airway inflammation has not yet been studied. First, we established a ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma mice model. BALB/c mice were immunized and challenged by OVA. Treatment with pristimerin caused a marked reduction in the levels of OVA-specific IgE, immune cells, and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 secretion. Histological studies using H&E staining were used to study the alterations in lung tissue. These results were similar to those obtained with dexamethasone treatment. We then investigated which signal transduction mechanisms could be implicated in pristimerin activity by Western blot. The data showed that pristimerin could inhibit MAPKs and NF-κB inflammatory pathways.

Immunosuppressive activity of florfenicol on the immune responses in mice.

Florfenicol is a new type of broad-spectrum antibacterial that has been used in veterinary clinics. It shows immunosuppressive activity on the immune responses to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. In the present study, florfenicol suppressed lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously with OVA on days 1 and 4. Following the second immunization, mice were treated with a single daily oral dose of florfenicol (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) for 10 consecutive days. On day 14, blood samples were collected to analyze OVA-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2b antibodies, and splenocytes were harvested to assess lymphocyte proliferation, CD3(+) T and CD19(+) B lymphocyte subsets. The results presented here demonstrate that florfenicol not only significantly suppressed Con A-, LPS- and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation but also decreased the percentage of CD19(+) B cells in a dose-dependent manner and suppressed CD3(+) T cell at high doses. Moreover, OVA-specific IgG, IgG1 and IgG2b titers in OVA-immunized mice were reduced by florfenicol. These results suggest that florfenicol could suppress humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.

Tetracysteine as a reporter for gene therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of using tetracysteine (TC) reporter in gene therapy. METHODS: Effects of TC reporter and conventional reporter genes encoding green fluorescence protein (GFP) and luciferase (Luc) on expression and function of the therapeutic gene MGMT(P140K) were compared. Cytotoxicity and drug resistance were studied by Western blot. TC reporter used in therapy was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). RESULTS: The TC reporter had no toxicity to cells and neither affected the expression or activity of therapeutic gene as compared to GFP and Luc. TC could be used in blood sample detection. CONCLUSION: TC is a new kind of reporter gene for lentiviral vector in future gene therapy.

Tetracysteine as a reporter for gene therapy / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the feasibility of using tetracysteine (TC) reporter in gene therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Effects of TC reporter and conventional reporter genes encoding green fluorescence protein (GFP) and luciferase (Luc) on expression and function of the therapeutic gene MGMT(P140K) were compared. Cytotoxicity and drug resistance were studied by Western blot. TC reporter used in therapy was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The TC reporter had no toxicity to cells and neither affected the expression or activity of therapeutic gene as compared to GFP and Luc. TC could be used in blood sample detection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TC is a new kind of reporter gene for lentiviral vector in future gene therapy.</p>

Anemia in patients on combined androgen block therapy for prostate cancer.

AIM: To study the effect of combined androgen block therapy on hemoglobin and hematocrit values in patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six patients with adenocarcinoma of prostate were treated with combined androgen block (orchiectomy and flutamide 250 mg, tid). Complete blood counts were determined before and after 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of therapy. RESULTS: The hemoglobin and hematocrit levels declined significantly in all patients and at all the time points after treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Prostate cancer patients treated with combined androgen block would develop obvious anemia. Recombinant human erythropoietin can be used to treat patients with severe anemia.

Anemia in patients on combined androgen block therapy for prostate cancer / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effect of combined androgen block therapy on hemoglobin and hematocrit values in patients with prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-six patients with adenocarcinoma of prostate were treated with combined androgen block (orchiectomy and flutamide 250 mg, tid). Complete blood counts were determined before and after 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The hemoglobin and hematocrit levels declined significantly in all patients and at all the time points after treatment (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prostate cancer patients treated with combined androgen block would develop obvious anemia. Recombinant human erythropoietin can be used to treat patients with severe anemia.</p>

[Tamsulosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with acute urinary retention].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of alpha-1 A adrenoceptor antagonist (tamsulosin) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with acute urinary retention. METHODS: Seventy-two BPH patients with acute retention of urine were randomly divided into treatment group and control group of 36 patients each. All the patients were treated with indwelling catheter, oral antibiotics and the patients in treatment group tamsulosin 0.4 mg once a day for 3 days. The catheter was removed after 72 hours of treatment. RESULTS: After removal of the catheter, 44% (32/72) of patients voided successfully. The effect rates were 61% (22/36) in the tamsulosin treatment group and 28% (10/36) in the control group(P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with tamsulosin was effective in raising the success rate of voiding without catheter after an episode of acute urinary retention. The efficacy of treatment was not influenced by the volume of prostate.

[Anemia in patients on combined androgen block therapy for prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of combined androgen block therapy on hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit value (Ht) in patients with prostate cancer. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-six patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated with combined androgen block (orchiectomy and flutamide 250 mg, Tid). Complete blood counts were detected before initiation and after 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of therapy. RESULTS: Hb level declined significantly in all patients from a mean baseline of (136 +/- 14) g/L to (126 +/- 16) g/L, (121 +/- 14) g/L, (120 +/- 15) g/L, (113 +/- 12) g/L, (121 +/- 13) g/L and (123 +/- 15) g/L at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Ht decreased from a mean baseline of 0.424 +/- 0.041 to 0.390 +/- 0.038, 0.381 +/- 0.042, 0.378 +/- 0.038, 0.366 +/- 0.041, 0.384 +/- 0.039 and 0.387 +/- 0.040. The differences between Hb, Ht before and after treatment were significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Patients with prostate cancer being treated with combined androgen block would develop a significant degree of anemia. Hemoglobin and hematocrit level should be monitored periodically. This kind of anemia can be treated by recombinant human erythropoietin.

Anemia in patients on combined androgen block therapy for prostate cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of combined androgen block therapy on hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit value (Ht) in patients with prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-six patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated with combined androgen block (orchiectomy and flutamide 250 mg, Tid). Complete blood counts were detected before initiation and after 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hb level declined significantly in all patients from a mean baseline of (136 +/- 14) g/L to (126 +/- 16) g/L, (121 +/- 14) g/L, (120 +/- 15) g/L, (113 +/- 12) g/L, (121 +/- 13) g/L and (123 +/- 15) g/L at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Ht decreased from a mean baseline of 0.424 +/- 0.041 to 0.390 +/- 0.038, 0.381 +/- 0.042, 0.378 +/- 0.038, 0.366 +/- 0.041, 0.384 +/- 0.039 and 0.387 +/- 0.040. The differences between Hb, Ht before and after treatment were significant (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Patients with prostate cancer being treated with combined androgen block would develop a significant degree of anemia. Hemoglobin and hematocrit level should be monitored periodically. This kind of anemia can be treated by recombinant human erythropoietin.</p>

Tamsulosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with acute urinary retention / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of alpha-1 A adrenoceptor antagonist (tamsulosin) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with acute urinary retention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two BPH patients with acute retention of urine were randomly divided into treatment group and control group of 36 patients each. All the patients were treated with indwelling catheter, oral antibiotics and the patients in treatment group tamsulosin 0.4 mg once a day for 3 days. The catheter was removed after 72 hours of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After removal of the catheter, 44% (32/72) of patients voided successfully. The effect rates were 61% (22/36) in the tamsulosin treatment group and 28% (10/36) in the control group(P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Treatment with tamsulosin was effective in raising the success rate of voiding without catheter after an episode of acute urinary retention. The efficacy of treatment was not influenced by the volume of prostate.</p>

[The effect of acute urinary retention on serum prostate specific antigen concentration].

OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of acute urinary retention on the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration. METHODS: Blood samples from 34 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with acute urinary retention were drawn immediately before suprapubic cystomy and 48 hours after relief of urinary retention. Serum PSA concentrations were measured with radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The mean serum PSA levels of BPH patients with acute urinary retention was (24.6 +/- 16.1) micrograms/L (range from 2.6 micrograms/L to 45.8 micrograms/L). Forty-eight hours after relief of urinary retention, the mean serum PSA levels declined to (9.4 +/- 6.3) micrograms/L (range from 1.7 micrograms/L to 16.6 micrograms/L). The difference was significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Acute urinary retention could dramatically increase the serum PSA value of patients with BPH. After relief of the urinary retention, the patients had a great than 50% decreased of PSA values.

The effect of acute urinary retention on serum prostate specific antigen concentration / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To study the effect of acute urinary retention on the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples from 34 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with acute urinary retention were drawn immediately before suprapubic cystomy and 48 hours after relief of urinary retention. Serum PSA concentrations were measured with radioimmunoassay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean serum PSA levels of BPH patients with acute urinary retention was (24.6 +/- 16.1) micrograms/L (range from 2.6 micrograms/L to 45.8 micrograms/L). Forty-eight hours after relief of urinary retention, the mean serum PSA levels declined to (9.4 +/- 6.3) micrograms/L (range from 1.7 micrograms/L to 16.6 micrograms/L). The difference was significant (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Acute urinary retention could dramatically increase the serum PSA value of patients with BPH. After relief of the urinary retention, the patients had a great than 50% decreased of PSA values.</p>