[Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the rectum: Report of a case]. / Mucosa gástrica heterotópica en el recto: reporte de un caso.

BACKGROUND: Ectopic gastric mucosa has been described in different locations of the digestive tract, but that of the rectum is the least frequent. CLINICAL CASE: The case is described of a 48 year-old woman being investigated by the gastrointestinal department due to rectal bleeding and rectal tenesmus. Colonoscopy showed a diverticular cavity 3 cm, which was reported by histology as fundic-type heterotopic gastric mucosa. Barium enema and abdominopelvic CT showed a diverticular image at level of the right posterolateral wall of the rectal ampulla. Trans-rectal diverticulectomy was performed with primary closure of the resulting mucosal defect. The surgical specimen showed areas of gastric epithelium with no signs of atypia. CONCLUSIONS: It is not known whether the origin of heterotopic gastric mucosa occurs during foetal development or is the result of abnormal regeneration under inflammatory conditions. It is usually clinically asymptomatic or presents as haematochezia, especially in cases where gastric acid is being produced. In these cases there must be an initial treatment with proton pump inhibitors, although the definitive treatment is always surgical or endoscopic excision of the mucosa.

[Splenic artery aneurysm. Report of a case]. / Aneurisma de arteria esplénica. A propósito de un caso.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of splenic artery aneurysm is not well known because they are often asymptomatic. CLINICAL CASE: The case is presented of a 40 year-old woman diagnosed with a splenic artery aneurysm. She was clinically asymptomatic. A three-dimensional angiographic study was performed. The artery embolisation was rejected, according to the results of the study; thus it was decided to perform a laparoscopic splenic-aneurysmectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Splenic artery aneurysms may present with non-specific symptoms, such as abdominal pain or anorexia. However 2-10% of aneurysms debut as spontaneous rupture. For this reason treatment is indicated in symptomatic aneurysms or those with rupture risk factors. In these cases there are different possibilities, such as therapeutic embolisation, endovascular stenting or surgery. Surgical approach varies depending on the location of the aneurysm in the splenic artery, enabling aneurysmectomy, splenic-aneurysmectomy, or aneurysm exclusion to be performed.

Factores predictores de resolución de la resistencia a la insulina con la cirugía de banda gástrica ajustable / Predictive factors of insulin resistance resolution with adjustable gastric band surgery

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo del estudio ha sido evaluar factores preoperatorios relacionados con remisión de la diabetes y pérdida de peso tras cirugía de banda gástrica ajustable por vía laparoscópica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se incluye una cohorte retrospectiva de 95 pacientes a los que se colocó banda gástrica ajustable. Se realizó un estudio preliminar descriptivo de factores pronósticos mediante el modelo de regresión logística con SPSS 17.0. Las variables independientes fueron edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal (IMC), estado de diabetes y grado de obesidad; las variables dependientes fueron proporción de peso perdido, variación del diabetes status score y porcentajes de variación en la glucemia basal y en la hemoglobina glucosilada. RESULTADOS: Las variables que presentaron relación estadísticamente significativa con los porcentajes de variación en la glucemia basal y en la hemoglobina glucosilada fueron: el grado de obesidad durante el primer año y el estado preoperatorio de diabetes respectivamente. El análisis de las necesidades de tratamiento antidiabético mediante el diabetes status score modificado señala al IMC preoperatorio, la edad y el sexo como factores predictores significativos. CONCLUSIONES: En pacientes intervenidos de cirugía con banda gástrica la pérdida de peso contribuye a mejorar la sensibilidad a insulina. Esta mejoría del metabolismo glucídico se ve influida por factores tales como el sexo, la edad, el tratamiento insulínico, el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes y el grado de obesidad preoperatorio

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate preoperative factors associated with remission of diabetes and weight loss after laparoscopic gastric band surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 95 patients who had an adjustable gastric band placed were included. A preliminary descriptive study of prognostic factors was performed using the logistic regression model with SPSS 17.0. The independent variables were age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes status and degree of obesity; dependent variables were the proportion of weight loss, change in diabetes status score and percent changes in fasting sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin. RESULTS: The variables that were significantly associated with the percentage of changes in fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin were: the degree of obesity in the first year; preoperative and diabetes status respectively. The analysis of the need for antidiabetic treatment using the modified diabetes status score showed preoperative BMI, age and gender as significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing gastric band surgery, weight loss is the fundamental mechanism by which insulin sensitivity increases. This improvement in glucose metabolism is influenced by factors such as sex, age, insulin treatment, duration of diabetes and degree of preoperative obesity

Predictive factors of insulin resistance resolution with adjustable gastric band surgery.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study was to evaluate preoperative factors associated with remission of diabetes and weight loss after laparoscopic gastric band surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort of 95 patients who had an adjustable gastric band placed were included. A preliminary descriptive study of prognostic factors was performed using the logistic regression model with SPSS 17.0. The independent variables were age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes status and degree of obesity; dependent variables were the proportion of weight loss, change in diabetes status score and percent changes in fasting sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin. RESULTS: The variables that were significantly associated with the percentage of changes in fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin were: the degree of obesity in the first year; preoperative and diabetes status respectively. The analysis of the need for antidiabetic treatment using the modified diabetes status score showed preoperative BMI, age and gender as significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: In patients undergoing gastric band surgery, weight loss is the fundamental mechanism by which insulin sensitivity increases. This improvement in glucose metabolism is influenced by factors such as sex, age, insulin treatment, duration of diabetes and degree of preoperative obesity.