Roles of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in retinal neuron-like differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from nonobese diabetic mice.

Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are expected to become promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR); moreover, we previously demonstrated that bone marrow (BM)-MSCs from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice (an ideal DR model) had abnormal migration and adhesion. So, we hypothesized that NOD-MSCs also have abnormal retinal neuron-like differentiation potential. MSCs were cultured with brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence both showed that the level of retinal neuron-like markers, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein, neuron-specific nuclear protein, tyrosine hydroxylase, Thy-1, glutamine synthetase, and rhodopsin was lower in NOD-MSCs than in imprinting control region MSCs. Furthermore, we explored the precise mechanisms controlling this change in NOD-MSCs. The expression levels of some important member proteins in Wnt/ß-catenin signaling were determined and suggested the downregulation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling with retinal neuron-like differentiation of NOD-MSCs. Incubation of NOD-MSCs in medium supplemented with human recombinant Wnt1 resulted in a significant upregulation of retinal neuron-like markers, and the effects of Wnt1 were dose-dependent. Taken together, our study indicated that the inhibition of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in NOD-MSCs after induction could contribute to the abnormal retinal neuron-like differentiation. These data provide important preclinical references supporting the basis for further development of autologous MSC-based therapies for DR.

Hospital Infection in Children Hospital: Its Distribution Characteristics,Prevention and Control / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution,bacterial types and antibiotic-resistance in a children hospital.METHODS The methods of combining objective investigation with the(doctor′s) report were adopted.RESULTS In our hospital,the rate of upper airway infections was in the first accounted for 42.4%,mainly ocourred in internal neurology,hematology and nephrology departments and gastrointestinal and cardiosurgery departments.(Among) Gram-negative robs,Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the principle of the upper airway infections,it was(sensitive) to ceftazidime.Among Gram-positive cocci,the Staphylococcus aureus and Enteroccoccus were the main pathogens concerned, which were(sensitive) to vancomycin and nitrofurantoin.CONCLUSIONS Long-hospitalization,unreasonable use of hormone and(antibiotic).invasive operation and various diseases in the same department are the main risk factors,for the correspondent(measures) must apply to prevent and control the hospital infection.

Hands-washing among Medical Staff:Inspection and Analysis / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To inspect the condition of hands-washing among medical staff in order to improve it accordingly.METHODS Direct inspection on the effect of hands-washing among medical staff from all departments within hospital at a fixed interval and make statistics as well as analysis retrospectively.RESULTS The qualified rate of hands-washing respectively was 90.03%,91.47%,91.54%,and 93.55% during the years of 2003 through 2006.The rate had risen steadily.The qualified rate of hands-washing in key departmeuts and in others was 89.15% and 87.87%.respectively,without significatnt differences.However,the qualified rate among nurses and doctors was 93.80% and 87.17%,respectively.The qualified rate among nurses was obviousely higher than among doctors in this regard with significant differences between them.CONCLUSIONS Intensifying training and standardizing hands-washing methods by means of choosing suitable hands-detergents are important in order to improve the compliance of hands-washing among medical staff.