Healthy China Strategy and schistosomiasis control / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

This paper summarizes the changes in the policy associated with schistosmiasis control in the new era, analyzes the background of Health China Strategy and its association with the current schistosomiasis control program in China, describes several schistosomiasis control models and proposes some suggestions responding to the challenges in current schistosomiasis control program of China, so as to provide insights into the development of the effective control strategy for schistosomiasis.

Study on the sleep quality and its influencing factors in rural hypertensive patients in Xuanen country of Hubei Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To investigate sleep quality and it’s influencing factors of hypertensives among rural area in Hubei Province. Methods The method of stratified sampling by selecting 569 hypertensives in Xuanen county of Hubei was applied to perform the questionnaire survey, including the sociodemographic data, daily life habits and physical health data, as well as pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and compliance of hypertensive patients scale(CHPS). Results The average score of PSQI in 569 hypertensives was 7.25±3.61, of which 251(44.11%) hypertensives were poor sleep quality. The influencing factors of sleep quality for hypertensives are gender (P=0.006, OR=1.626), the number of other diseases(P=0.001, OR=1.520), regular exercise (P=0.033, OR=0.660) and the compliance of hypertensives (P=0.024, OR=1.707). Conclusions The sleep quality of rural hypertensives in Xuanen county, Hubei Province is poor, which is affected by different factors. Therefore effective measures should be taken to improve the sleep quality of hypertensives.

[Surveillance and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis epidemic focus in Hankou marshland of Wuhan City].

OBJECTIVE: To construct a monitoring and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis epidemic focus in marshland, so as to grasp the risk of schistosomiasis transmission, and to provide the technical support for targeted prevention and control measures. METHODS: The crowd and the risk source of schistosomiasis in Hankou marshland in Wuhan City were monitored to grasp the risk factors of schistosomiasis. The risk level was evaluated by the three-dimensional risk matrix and three-dimensional visualization method. RESULTS: The total numbers of people on holidays and working days were 59 582 and 36 382 persontimes a day respectively in Hankou marshland. Fishing and swimming were the most common ways to contact the river water. The most majority of the people exposed to river water were male (73.9%), retirees (36.1%), local residents (69.7%) and people whose income was 1000 - 3000 yuan per month (52.1%), and the awareness of protection of them was low. In spring, the average density of living Oncomelania hupensis snails was 0.993/0.1 m2, the rat density was 7.72%, and the density of wild feces was 0.78/hm2. In autumn, the average density of living snails was 0.596 /0.1 m2, the rat density was 5.22%, and the density of wild feces was 0.32/hm2. The average density of living snails, the rat density and the density of wild feces were reduced by 39.9%, 32.4% and 59.0% respectively in autumn compared with those in spring. The risk assessment results of three-dimensional matrix showed that part 1 and part 2 were medium risk, part 3 was high risk and part 4 was maximum risk. The risk assessment results of the visualization method showed that the risk level increased from part 1 to part 4, which were basically consistent with the results of the risk matrix. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relatively large risk of schistosome infection in Hankou marshland in 2013. The surveillance and risk assessment system of epidemic focus is feasible and scientific.

Surveillance and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis epidemic focus in Hankou marshland of Wuhan City / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

To construct a monitoring and risk assessment system of schistosomiasis epidemic focus in marshland, so as to grasp the risk of schistosomiasis transmission, and to provide the technical support for targeted prevention and control measures.The crowd and the risk source of schistosomiasis in Hankou marshland in Wuhan City were monitored to grasp the risk factors of schistosomiasis. The risk level was evaluated by the three-dimensional risk matrix and three-dimensional visualization method.The total numbers of people on holidays and working days were 59 582 and 36 382 persontimes a day respectively in Hankou marshland. Fishing and swimming were the most common ways to contact the river water. The most majority of the people exposed to river water were male (73.9%), retirees (36.1%), local residents (69.7%) and people whose income was 1000 – 3000 yuan per month (52.1%), and the awareness of protection of them was low. In spring, the average density of living Oncomelania hupensis snails was 0.993/0.1 m2, the rat density was 7.72%, and the density of wild feces was 0.78/hm2. In autumn, the average density of living snails was 0.596 /0.1 m2, the rat density was 5.22%, and the density of wild feces was 0.32/hm2. The average density of living snails, the rat density and the density of wild feces were reduced by 39.9%, 32.4% and 59.0% respectively in autumn compared with those in spring. The risk assessment results of three-dimensional matrix showed that part 1 and part 2 were medium risk, part 3 was high risk and part 4 was maximum risk. The risk assessment results of the visualization method showed that the risk level increased from part 1 to part 4, which were basically consistent with the results of the risk matrix.There is a relatively large risk of schistosome infection in Hankou marshland in 2013. The surveillance and risk assessment system of epidemic focus is feasible and scientific.

[Practice of engineering management and its effect on schistosomiasis control in Hankou marshland, Wuhan City].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Oncomelania hupensis snail control effect of schistosomiasis control engineering in marshland within Wuhan City. METHODS: The engineering measures including surface barrier removal, molluscicide, flatting surface, topsoil stripping, topsoil covering and ditch renovation were applied to transform Hankou marshland. Then the corresponding technical parameters of engineering measures were put forward. The situation of snails was analyzed before and after the transform project. RESULTS: The total length and area of the project were 6 015 m and 87.21 hm2, respectively, including 17.44 hm2 of topsoil landfill, 52.08 hm2 of topsoil covering and 23 new ditches. After the transformation, the average length of the new groove, the groove top width, groove depth, height difference, and the average values of slopes and ditch bottom slope were all increased, while the average values of the width and height of the ditch were decreased. At the same time, the marshland beach surface had a new slope that the embankment was higher than the river and no living O. hupensis snails were found then. CONCLUSIONS: The snail breeding environment in Hankou marshland has been effectively changed by the project. However, the constant monitoring and engineering management are still needed to consolidate the effect.

DNA repair gene XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The X-ray repair cross-complementing group 3 (XRCC3) is a highly suspected candidate gene for cancer susceptibility, and a large amount studies have examined the association of the rs861539 in XRCC3 (Thr241Met) with lung cancer risk in various populations. However, the results remain inconclusive. METHODS: The electronic database of PubMed, Medline, Embase and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for case-control studies published up to December 05, 2013. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and lung cancer risk. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: Total 21 studies, including 6880 lung cancer cases and 8329 controls, were available for meta-analysis. Overall, our results showed that the XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism was not associated with risk of lung cancer in all genetic contrast models (P>0.05). Stratified analyses by ethnicity (Asians, Caucasians and mixed population) showed similar results. Additionally, no evidence of publication bias was observed by using the funnel plot. CONCLUSIONS: There is no clear evidence showing a significant correlation between XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism and lung cancer risk in total population and stratified analysis by ethnicity. However, studies assessing the gene-gene interactions should be considered to further estimate this gene variant in lung cancer risk.

Genetic association of apoE and apoCI gene polymorphisms with coronary heart disease / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the genetic association of apolipoprotein (apo) E and apoCI gene polymorphisms with coronary heart disease (CHD) in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>apoE genotypes were identified by multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (multi-ARMS) and the apoCI promoter polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 186 cases with CHD (age: 65.0 +/- 10.5 years) and 350 controls (age: 63.6 +/- 8.3 years). The haplotype frequencies were estimated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequencies of apoE E4/3 genotype (26.9%) and epsilon4 (14.5%) in CHD group were significantly higher than that in the control group (12.6%, 7.0%), P <0.05. The significant difference was also found for the apoCI locus and the CHD group showed higher rate of both for the H2 allele and genotypes, carrying this allele. Estimation of the haplotype frequencies indicated that the association between the apoE-CI haplotype and CHD was significantly strong. The apoE-epsilon4/apoCI-H2 was estimated to be responsible for 9.86% of CHD.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>When the subjects carrying both epsilon4 and H2 alleles, they would have higher risk of suffering from CHD than controls.</p>

Studies on DNA damage in workers with long-term exposure to lower concentration of carbon disulfide / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>DNA damage in human buccal cells of workers occupationally long-term exposed to carbon disulfide (CS(2)) was monitored with comet assay.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety workers exposed to CS(2) were randomly selected as exposure group from a large-scale chemical fiber manufacturer in Hubei and 81 workers not exposed to CS(2) as control group. DNA damage in their buccal cells was detected with comet assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Rate of DNA tail was 0.51% in exposure group, significantly higher than that in control group (0.23%), with very statistical significance. Rate of DNA tail was 0.50% in male exposure group and 0.56% in exposure group with short length of employment, significantly higher than that in control group (0.08% and 0.25%, respectively). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that possibility of DNA damage was significantly higher in exposure group than that in control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Long-term exposure to lower concentration of carbon disulfide could cause certain damage to human buccal cell DNA.</p>

Urinary excretion pattern of 2-thio-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid in workers exposed to carbon disulfide / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the urinary excretion pattern for of 2-thio-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) in workers exposed to CS2, so as to provide experimental basis for working out biomonitoring measures for short-term exposure to CS2.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-nine subjects were divided into three groups: (1) fourteen volunteers who had not been exposed to CS2 before were exposed to CS2 for 2 hours, their urine samples were collected and analyzed at different time points; (2) The urine samples of 15 occupational exposure workers were collected on pre-shift, mid-shift, post-shift; (3) The relationship between 8 h time weighted average CS2 exposure concentrations (PC-TWA) and TTCA levels of post-shift urine was studied among 40 workers chronically exposed to CS2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) In the 1st group, urine TTCA level reached the peak [(1.03 +/- 0.72) mg/gCr] 4 h after exposure; (2) In the 2nd group, urine TTCA level on pre-shift [(0.37 +/- 0.28) mg/gCr] was lower than that on mid-shift [(1.23 +/- 0.71) mg/gCr, P<0.01] and post-shift [(1.31 +/- 0.78) mg/gCr, P<0.01]; (3) In the 3rd group, there was a linear relationship between the post-shift urine TTCA level and 8 h CS2 exposure concentrations dose (PC-TWA). The regression equation is Y(TTCA mg/gCr)=1.163 6X(CS2 mg/m3)-5.411 6.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The post-shift urine TTCA levels may be regarded as a bio-monitoring index for workers exposed to CS2.</p>