Predictors and prediction scores of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus in patients with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage / 国际脑血管病杂志

Shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SDHC) is a common and serious complication of aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The incidence of SDHC after aSAH was 9%-36%, and it is associated with the poor outcome of patients. This article reviews the predictors and prediction scores of SDHC after aSAH.

A new formula for estimation of standard liver volume using liver height and thoracic width

Purpose@#Precise estimation of the standard liver volume (SLV) is crucial in decision making regarding major hepatectomy and living donor liver transplantation. This study aimed to propose an accurate and efficient formula for estimating the SLV in the Korean population. @*Methods@#We created a regression model for SLV estimation using a data set of 230 Korean patients with healthy livers. The proposed model was cross validated using a different data set of 37 patients with healthy livers. The total liver volume (TLV), except for the volume of liver blood vessels, was measured through computed tomography volumetry as the dependent variable. Various anthropometric variables, liver height (LH), thoracic width (TW), age, and sex (0, female and 1, male) were considered as candidates for independent variables. We conducted stepwise regression analysis to identify variables to be included in the proposed model. @*Results@#A new formula was established; SLV = −1,275 + 9.85 × body weight (BW, kg) + 19.95 × TW (cm) + 7.401 × LH (mm). The proposed formula showed the best performance among existing formulas over the cross-validation data set. @*Conclusion@#The proposed formula derived using BW, TW, and LH estimated the TLV in the cross-validation data set more accurately than existing formulas.f

Clinical analysis of 56 cases with surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position / 中国医师杂志

Objective To analyze the curative effect of 56 cases with surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position,to provide valuable reference information for the surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position.Methods The cases were from 56 patients with congenital tumors in conus medullaris position in Xinjiang Uygur municipal people's hospital from January 2015 to February 2018.According to the classifications of congenital tumors in the conus medullaris position,surgical operation was performed on patients.The curative effect of patients with all kinds of congenital tumors in the conus medullaris position was analyzed and summarized.Results After 9 months of the follow-up:(1) There were totally 18 cases of epidermoid cysts,16 cases with obvious improvement in lower limb numbness and lower limb motor function,13 cases with the pain degree effectively relieved and 3 cases without significant improvement in early defecation function.(2) There were 15 cases of teratomas,13 cases without significant improvement in lower extremity numbness,2 cases with reduced lower extremity numbness,3 cases with reduced urination and defecation function disturbance and 1 case not recovered.There was no recurrence of tumor.(3) There were 8 lipoma patients who were cured and discharged without urination and defecation function disturbance.Life was basically self-sustaining.(4) There were 9 cases of hemangioblastoma with significant improvement in spinal cord function,5 cases without postoperative pain symptoms and 1 case with significant improvement in pain degree.(5) There were 6 cases of ependymoma,2 cases with significant reduction on limb numbness symptoms,1 case with urinary retention after surgery.There was no significant change in muscle strength of the 2 cases before and after surgery.Conclusions The clinical effect of surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position is clear.Combined with imaging examination and attention to surgical precautions,the surgical treatment effect of congenital tumors in the conus region of the spinal cord can be effectively improved.

Clinical analysis of 56 cases with surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position / 中国医师杂志

Objective@#To analyze the curative effect of 56 cases with surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position, to provide valuable reference information for the surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position.@*Methods@#The cases were from 56 patients with congenital tumors in conus medullaris position in Xinjiang Uygur municipal people's hospital from January 2015 to February 2018. According to the classifications of congenital tumors in the conus medullaris position, surgical operation was performed on patients. The curative effect of patients with all kinds of congenital tumors in the conus medullaris position was analyzed and summarized.@*Results@#After 9 months of the follow-up: ⑴ There were totally 18 cases of epidermoid cysts, 16 cases with obvious improvement in lower limb numbness and lower limb motor function, 13 cases with the pain degree effectively relieved and 3 cases without significant improvement in early defecation function. ⑵ There were 15 cases of teratomas, 13 cases without significant improvement in lower extremity numbness, 2 cases with reduced lower extremity numbness, 3 cases with reduced urination and defecation function disturbance and 1 case not recovered. There was no recurrence of tumor. ⑶ There were 8 lipoma patients who were cured and discharged without urination and defecation function disturbance. Life was basically self-sustaining. ⑷ There were 9 cases of hemangioblastoma with significant improvement in spinal cord function, 5 cases without postoperative pain symptoms and 1 case with significant improvement in pain degree. ⑸ There were 6 cases of ependymoma, 2 cases with significant reduction on limb numbness symptoms, 1 case with urinary retention after surgery. There was no significant change in muscle strength of the 2 cases before and after surgery.@*Conclusions@#The clinical effect of surgical operation of congenital tumor in conus medullaris position is clear. Combined with imaging examination and attention to surgical precautions, the surgical treatment effect of congenital tumors in the conus region of the spinal cord can be effectively improved.

Long Non-Coding RNA LINC00525 Promotes the Stemness and Chemoresistance of Colorectal Cancer by Targeting miR-507/ELK3 Axis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore the effects of a long non-coding RNA, LINC00525, on colorectal cancer (CRC) and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: The qPCR, MTT, colony formation, Western blotting, Luciferase reporter and biotin pull-down, shRNA knockdown and DNA fragmentation assays were performed in this study. RESULTS: High expressions of LINC00525 were associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. LINC00525 knockdown decreased stemness properties and increased sensitivities to oxaliplatin. MiR-507 was a direct target of LINC00525 and overexpression of miR-507 significantly decreased abilities of tumorsphere formation and cell growth. Overexpression of miR-507 resulted in a decrease of expression of cancer stem cell markers and the increase of apoptosis rates. MiR-507 regulated the expression of ELK3. In addition, LINC00525 knockdown decreased the expression of ELK3. Restoration of ELK3 expression abrogated the effects of LINC00525 knockdown. LINC00525 could be served as prognostic marker of CRC. CONCLUSIONS: LINC00525 enhanced stemness properties and increased sensitivities of CRC cells to oxaliplatin by targeting miR-507/ELK3 axis.

Estimation of Standard Liver Volume Using CT Volume, Body Composition, and Abdominal Geometry Measurements

PURPOSE: The present study developed formulas for estimation of standard liver volume (SLV) with high accuracy for the Korean population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SLV estimation formulas were established using gender-balanced and gender-unbalanced measurements of anthropometric variables, body composition variables, and abdominal geometry of healthy Koreans (n=790). Total liver volume excluding blood volume, was measured based on CT volumetry. RESULTS: SLV estimation formulas as preferred in various conditions of data availability were suggested in the present study. The suggested SLV estimation formulas in the present study were found superior to existing formulas, with an increased accuracy of 4.0–217.5 mL for absolute error and 0.2–18.7% for percentage of absolute error. CONCLUSION: SLV estimation formulas using gender-balanced measurements showed better performance than those using gender-unbalanced measurements. Inclusion of body composition and abdominal geometry variables contributed to improved performance of SLV estimation.

The Effect of MSCs Derived from the Human Umbilical Cord Transduced by Fibroblast Growth Factor-20 on Parkinson's Disease.

Cell therapy is a potential therapeutic approach for Parkinson's disease (PD). Mesenchymal stem cells derived from the human umbilical cord (hUC-MSCs) give priority to PD patients because of multiple advantages. The appropriate gene transduction of hUC-MSC before transplantation is a promising procedure for cell therapy. Fibroblast growth factor-20 (FGF-20) has been shown to protect dopaminergic neurons against a range of toxic insults in vitro. In this study, the hUC-MSCs were gene transduced with FGF-20, and then we transplanted them into the PD mice model. The results showed that MSC-FGF-20 treatment obviously improved the behavior of PD, accompanied by the increase of tyrosine carboxylase- (TH-) positive cell and dopamine (DA). Furtherly, immunohistochemistry disclosed that MSC-FGF-20 obviously promoted the degradation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a transcription factor that controls genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines, highly expressed in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic regions in PD patients. Therefore, MSC-FGF-20 has a potential for improving PD, closely related to the degradation of NF-κB.

Therapeutic Effects of CUR-Activated Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridine-Induced Parkinson's Disease Cell Model.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSC) activated by curcumin (CUR) on PC12 cells induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), a cell model of Parkinson's disease (PD). The supernatant of hUC-MSC and hUC-MSC activated by 5 µmol/L CUR (hUC-MSC-CUR) were collected in accordance with the same concentration. The cell proliferation and differentiation potential to dopaminergic neuronal cells and antioxidation were observed in PC12 cells after being treated with the above two supernatants and 5 µmol/L CUR. The results showed that the hUC-MSC-CUR could more obviously promote the proliferation and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and microtubule associated protein-2 (MAP2) and significantly decreased the expression of nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in PC12 cells. Furtherly, cytokines detection gave a clue that the expression of IL-6, IL-10, and NGF was significantly higher in the group treated with the hUC-MSC-CUR compared to those of other two groups. Therefore, the hUC-MSC-CUR may be a potential strategy to promote the proliferation and differentiation of PD cell model, therefore providing new insights into a novel therapeutic approach in PD.

Roles of neuroelectrophysiological monitoring in intracranial aneurysm embolization / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the value of prevention of cerebral ischemia with multi-modality neuroelectrophysiological monitoring in intracranial aneurysm embolization. Methods The clinical data of 44 patients with intracranial aneurysm treated with endovascular embolization from May 2013 to June 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they used intraoperative neuroelectrophysiological monitoring. There were 21 patients in a monitoring group and 21 in a non-monitoring group. According to the site of the aneurysms,somatosensory evoked potential ( SEP),motion evoked potential( MEP),scalp electroencephalogram,and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP)were monitored,and at one day after procedure,their newly developed neurological deficits and the follow up observation after 3 months in both groups were compared and analyzed. Results The intraoperative SEP,MEP,and scalp EEG changes in the monitoring group were observed in 9,3 and 4 patients,respectively. Timely preventive measures were taken for 9 of the patients with cerebral ischemia revealed by neuroelectro-physiological monitoring. At the first day after procedure,the incidence of patients with new neurological deficit was 17. 4%(4/23)in the monitoring group,and that was 47. 6%(10/21)in the non-monitoring group. There was significant difference between the 2 groups(χ2 =4. 623;P<0. 05). There was significant difference in the good prognosis rates(87. 0%[20/23]vs. 57. 1%[12/21])after 3-month follow-up (χ2 =4. 919;P<0. 05)between the 2 groups. There were no deaths in both groups. Conclusion Multimode in combination with neuroelectrophysiological monitoring may decrease ischemic complications in aneurysm interventional treatment and improve the safety of procedure.

Comparison of two kinds of operation methods in the treatment of Arnold-Chiari malformation Ⅰ malformation curative effect / 国际外科学杂志

Objective Observation of Posterior decompression dural enlargement repair + Resection of the cerebellar tonsils and Posterior decompression dural enlargement repair two operation method for treatment of Chiari Ⅰ malformation effect.Methods Retrospectively analyze the clinical data from Jan.2006 to Jun.2012,the department of Neurosurgery,People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for a total of 97 cases of Chiari Ⅰ malformation.Group A was performed in 55 cases for Posterior decompression dural enlargement repair + Resection of the cerebellar tonsils,group B was performed in 42 cases for Posterior decompression dural enlargement repair,and was compared of the effect of the operation,Syringomyelia resolution and the rate of postoperative complications.Results Outpatient follow up for 6 months-8 years,a total of 85 patients were followed up for.According to the criteria of Tator,A,B two groups in the superior,good,poor rate was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Promote syringomyelia regression had no significant difference(P ＞ 0.05).A,B two groups of postoperative incision infection were 5 cases and 4 cases,Postoperative transient headache were 25 cases,18 cases.Early postoperative cerebrospinal fliud leakage and subcutaneous effusion were 8 cases,6 cases.One cases died in group A.The total complication rate had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Posterior decompression dural enlargement repair + Resection of the cerebellar tonsils and Posterior decompression dural enlargement repair both are the treatment of Chiari Ⅰ malformation and reliable method.No significant difference exists between the effects of two operation,while the posterior decompression dural enlargement repair operation steps to reduce the damage.

Effect of high volume hemofiltration on plasm endotoxin and CD14 in dogs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome / 中华急诊医学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the role of high volume hemofiltration (HVHF) in preventing and treating multipleorgandysfunctionsyndrome(MODS)by observingthealterationsof plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and its receptor CD14.Methods Twelve Beagle dogs were subjected to hemorrhagic shock and injection of LPS to set up MODS model, and then dogs with MODS were randomly (random number) divided into two groups: HVHF group (n =6) and MODS group (n =6). HVHF was performed about 24 hours after LPS injection in MODS dogs of HVHF group. LPS, CD14 and organ function variables were determined before operation (T1 ), before LPS injection (T2 ) and 0 h (T3) , 3 h (T4 ), 6 h ( T5 ), 9h (T6 ), 12 h (T7), 15 h ( Ts ) and 24 h (T9) after LPS injected. The levels of LPS were determined by using rapid microbiological kinetic reader (MB-80). CD14 was measured by using ELISA. Differences in LPS, CD14 and organ function at different intervals were evaluated by analysis of variance for repeated measures. ResultsCompared with the MODS group, plasma levels of LPS and CD14 were significantly decreased in the HVHF group at T4-9 ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). CD~ were detected in the ultrafiltrate, the sieving coefficients (SC) for CD14 were 0. 81 ±0. 09. LPS could not be detected in the ultrafiltrate. The beneficial effect of HVHF on the hypotension in MODS model was particularly striking at T4-9 (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Mean arterial oxygen tension in HVHF groups at T4-9 was significantly higher than that in MODS group (P ＜0. 01 ).The levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen were decreased significantly in the HVHF group compared with the MODS group at T4-9 ( P ＜ 0. 01 ) Conclusions HVHF restrained excessive inflammatory responses by cutting down the peak value of plasma LPS and CD14, improving the functions of major organs in MODS dogs.

Construction of yeast Pichia pastoris to produce Man5GlcNAc2 mammalian mannose-type glycoprotein / 生物工程学报

Glycosylation is vital for activity, higher structure and function of protein. Glycoproteins derived from yeast contain N-glycan of high mannose type and are usually hyperglycosylated, while those from mammalian cells contain N-glycan of hybrid or complex type. We introduced the alpha-1,2-mannosidase I (MDSI) into yeast cells, which catalyzed an essential proceeding of N-glycan structures from Man8GlcNAc2 to Man5GlcNAc2. The plasmids contained MDSI genes from Homo sapiens [HMDSI(delta185)] or Arabidopsis thaliana [ATMDSI(delta48)], and three ER-signals were used to be transformed a mutant Pichia pastoris GJK01, respectively. The reporter protein HSA/GM-CSF (human serum albumin and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor fusion protein) was expressed and its N-glycans were analyzed by DSA-FACE (DNA sequencer assisted fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis). The plasmid contained ER-ScMnsI-ATMDSI(delta48) was expressed in Pichia pastoris, the Man5GlcNAc2 N-glycan on secreted glycoprotein HSA/GM-CSF was observed. The research reported here provided basic substrate to obtain the hybrid- and complex-type glycans in mammalian cell.

Periventricular Leukomalacia Induced by Prenatal Exposure to Lipopolysaccharide Followed Perinatal Hypoxic Insults: An Animal Model for Perinatally Acquired Encephalopathy / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To establish a new rat model of perinatal brain damage. Methods Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: lipopolysaccharide （LPS） plus hypoxia (H) group: 17 d pregnant rats exposure in utero to LPS followed by hypoxia; hypoxia (H)/ ischemia (I) group: postnatal day 7 (P7) pups ligated the right common carotid artery followed by exposure to hypoxia (8% O2 ) for 2 h; control group: P7 pups incised the anteriorl cervical skin only. The footprint analysis, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and pathological observation were performed after 4 weeks. Results The left limb footprint repeatability of rat in HI and LPS plus H groups was poorer than that in control group （P<0.05）. The hindlimb quadriceps CMAP of rats in HI and LPS plus H groups showed that the wave amplitude was lower than that in control group （P<0.05）. The periventricular cells were irregular, and the periventricular leukomalacia was seen. The morphous of the neurocytes was irregular obviously, part of the nuclear membranes was broken down with the content leakage under transmission electron microscope. Conclusion The animal model for cerebral palsy has established, that mimics more the occurrence of this disease in human.

Clinical presentations of smog disease / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the features of smog disease.Methods The clinical manifestations and inducements of smog disease patients were comprehensively analyzed by using clinical statistical methods.Results Smog disease mainly invaded young people.Smog disease was found mostly acute or subacute in onset.21 cases invaded internal carotid arterial system among these 30 patients,including infarction and cerebral hemorrhage;6 patients showed vertebral arterial signs,and 3 cases invaded both the two systems.Brain CT or MRI only showed the position of neurological disorder;The final diagnosis was made by DSA.Conclusion Smog disease could invade both the two systems of intracerebral artery,DSA is the best method to diagnose smog disease.

Rivalry mechanism of ginkgo in rat brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To investigate the rivalry mechanism of ginkgo in rat brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods Totally 80 healthy Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups randomly(20 rats in each group).Fifty microliters saline(group A and group B) or auto-hemoglobin(group C and group D) was infused into the right caudate nuclears using stereo tactic guidance.Groups A and C were lavaged 50 g/L carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution of 3 mL,groups B and D were lavaged the same amount of ginkgo(200 mg/kg) solution dissolved by 50 g/L carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution once a day for 3 weeks.All the rats were decapitated after raised for 3 weeks,and superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde,and the number of hemeoxygenase-1(HO-1) positive cells in brains were assayed.Results The differences in SOD and MDA contents as well as HO-1 positive cell number between every two groups were significant(P