Analysis of the effect of hand-transmitted vibration on hearing loss in male noise-exposed workers / 中国职业医学

Objective To investigate the combined effect of noise and hand-transmitted vibration on hearing loss in male noise-exposed workers. Methods A total of 952 male noise-exposed workers from an automobile manufacturing enterprise were selected as the research subjects using judgment sampling method. Occupational epidemiological surveys, assessments of occupational hazards in workplace, and pure-tone audiometry tests were conducted on the research subjects, and they were divided into low-level noise group, low-level combined group, high-level noise group, and high-level combined group according to whether the noise exposure level exceeded the national standard and whether they were jointly exposed to hand-transmitted vibration. The joint effects of noise and hand-transmitted vibration on hearing loss were analyzed. Results The detection rate of hearing loss in 952 noise-exposed workers was 21.7%. The detection rate of hearing loss of four groups, from high to low, was as follows： high-level combined group, high-level noise group, low-level combined group, and low-level noise group (44.9% vs 32.7% vs 12.9% vs 5.7%, P<0.01). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of hearing loss in the low-level noise group, the low-level combined group, the high-level noise group and the high-level combined group increased sequentially after adjusting for the confounding factors such as age, education level, smoking, drinking, listening to music with headphones, frequency of wearing noise-blocking earplugs and body mass index. The risk of hearing loss in the high-level noise group was 8.62 times more than that of the low-level noise group (P<0.01). The risk of hearing loss in the low-level noise combined group was 2.50 times more than that of the low-level noise group (P<0.01). The risks of hearing loss in the high-level combined group were 5.76 and 1.67 times more than that of the low-level combined group and the high-level noise group. Conclusion Combined exposure to noise and hand-transmitted vibration can increase the risk of hearing loss in male noise-exposed workers, and the higher the noise intensity, the greater the synergistic effect. Hand-transmitted vibration is a synergistic risk factor for occupational noise-induced hearing loss.

Discovery and functional interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 protein-RNA interactions

The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The betacoronvirus has a positive sense RNA genome which encodes for several RNA binding proteins. Here, we use enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation to investigate SARS-CoV-2 protein interactions with viral and host RNAs in authentic virus-infected cells. SARS-CoV-2 proteins, NSP8, NSP12, and nucleocapsid display distinct preferences to specific regions in the RNA viral genome, providing evidence for their shared and separate roles in replication, transcription, and viral packaging. SARS-CoV-2 proteins expressed in human lung epithelial cells bind to 4773 unique host coding RNAs. Nine SARS-CoV-2 proteins upregulate target gene expression, including NSP12 and ORF9c, whose RNA substrates are associated with pathways in protein N-linked glycosylation ER processing and mitochondrial processes. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of host genes targeted by viral proteins in human lung organoid cells identify potential antiviral host targets across different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Conversely, NSP9 inhibits host gene expression by blocking mRNA export and dampens cytokine productions, including interleukin-1/{beta}. Our viral protein-RNA interactome provides a catalog of potential therapeutic targets and offers insight into the etiology of COVID-19 as a safeguard against future pandemics.

Clinical observation on row needling at the Governor Vessel on the head for poststroke insomnia / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of row needling at the Governor Vessel on the head for poststroke insomnia, analyze the changes of sleep structure, serum amino acid neurotransmitters, vascular endothelial cell function and cognitive function, in order to explore the mechanism of this therapy.Methods: A total of 41 patients with poststroke insomnia were included in an observation group and treated with row needing at the Governor Vessel on the head; 33 patients with poststroke insomnia were included in a control group and given routine acupuncture treatment. The patients in both groups were treated consecutively for one month. The efficacy was observed and the changes of related indicators were compared. Results: After treatment, the efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The sleep latency in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05); the total sleep duration, deep sleep duration, light sleep duration and rapid eye movement sleep duration in the observation group were significantly longer than those in the control group (P<0.05); the total waking duration and the waking times over 5 min were significantly less than those in the control group (P<0.05). The serum glutamic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, calcitonin gene-related peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and nitric oxide levels were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). The tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, bradykinin, and endothelin-1 levels were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.01), and the mini-mental state examination score was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Row needling at the Governor Vessel on the head can effectively improve the sleep structure, cognitive function, and sleep quality of patients with poststroke insomnia. The possible mechanisms are regulating serum amino acid neurotransmitters and improving the function of vascular endothelial cells.

Association between the Charlson Comorbidity Index and early in-hospital death in elderly cerebral hemorrhage inpatients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To analyze the association between the Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI)and the risk of early in-hospital death in cerebral hemorrhage inpatients.Methods:Basic personal and medical information about sex, age, surgery, frequency of hospitalization, days of hospitalization, and ICD-10 diagnosis code was collected for intracerebral hemorrhage patients aged 60 or above admitted to a tertiary general hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019.The CCI score was calculated based on diagnoses at the time of discharge.Using the CCI score as the dependent variable and in-hospital death as the independent variable, univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between CCI and in-hospital death.The receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC)was used to assess the value of CCI in predicting death.Results:A total of 504 cerebral hemorrhage inpatients were included in the study, with an average age of 69.48±7.55 years, and 52 died during the period.Univariate Logistic regression showed that, compared with inpatients with CCI=3, the OR values(95% CI)for inpatients with CCI=4 and CCI≥5 were 2.145(1.056-4.355)and 4.769(2.168-10.494), respectively.Multiple Logistic regression showed that, compared with inpatients with CCI=3, the OR(95% CI)for inpatients with CCI≥5 was 4.453(1.474-13.456), The area under the ROC curve was 0.718, with 95% CI at 0.642-0.793( P<0.001). Conclusions:The CCI score was associated with the risk of early in-hospital death in elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage and can be used to assess and predict the risk of early in-hospital death for these patients.

The effect of ozone water on repairing articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis and its influence on NF-κB signaling pathway / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To observe the repairing effect of ozone water injection in the articular cavity for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) on articular cartilage and to explore its repair mechanism.Methods:48 rats were randomly divided into fourgroups, the normal, model, normal saline and ozone water group, each group had 12 rats. The rats were injectied into the joint cavity with papain to establish a KOA model other than the normal group. After confirming the success of the model, the ozone water group and normal saline group was treated with ozone water and normal saline injection into the joint cavity once a week for a total of 3 treatments, the normal group and the model group are all raised routinely. Before and after the treatment, the ratknee joint behavioral score MG score was conducted; after the treatment articular cartilage surface gross score, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and modified Mankin score of articular cartilage pathological changes was measured, and Western blot and Rt-PCR to measure the level of protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, IKKβ and IκBα in articular cartilage tissues.Results:Compared with before the treatment, the rat knee joint behavioral score of the ozone water group was significantly lower (all P<0.05); after the treatment, the gross articular cartilage surface score and the modified Mankin score of the ozone water group were significantly reduced compared with the model and normal saline group (all P<0.05); Compared with the model and normal saline group, the protein and mRNA expression levels of NF-κB p65 and IKKβ in the ozone water group are significantly lower (all P<0.05), and the levels of IκBα are significantly higher (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Ozone water injection in the articular cavity can effectively repair damaged articular cartilage. The repair mechanism may be achieved by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of postoperative quality of life and psychological status of pediatric recipients after kidney transplantation / 器官移植

Objective To evaluate the current situation of quality of life and psychological status of pediatric recipients after kidney transplantation and analyze the influencing factors. Methods Ninety-six pediatric recipients undergoing kidney transplantation were enrolled in this study. Baseline data of the recipients were collected. The quality of life was assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 (PedsQLTM3.0). The psychological status was evaluated by Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The influencing factors of postoperative quality of life and psychological status of pediatric kidney transplant recipients were subject to univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The total score of quality of life of pediatric kidney transplant recipients was (71±14) and (12.4±5.8) for the total difficulty score. Univariate analysis showed that gender, postoperative body mass index (BMI) and postoperative complications were the influencing factors of the total score of quality of life of pediatric kidney transplant recipients (all P < 0.05). Gender, postoperative complications and follow-up time were the influencing factors of the total difficulty score of pediatric kidney transplant recipients (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that gender, postoperative BMI, postoperative complications, dialysis type before kidney transplantation were the influencing factors of postoperative quality of life of pediatric kidney transplant recipients, whereas gender, postoperative complications and follow-up time were the influencing factors of postoperative psychological status (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The quality of life and psychological status of pediatric kidney transplant recipients are good. In clinical practice, special attention should be paid to those children who are female, with low BMI after kidney transplantation, postoperative complications and short follow-up time. Preventive interventions are recommended to further improve the quality of life of the children.

Treatment with Arbidol and Moxifloxacin in Ordinary and Severe Adult Patients Infected with COVID-19

BackgroundAn outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been widely spread. We aim to investigate the therapeutic effect of arbidol and moxifloxacin in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. MethodsWe collected and analyzed data on 94 patients with COVID-19 including 27 severe patients at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and 74 ordinary patients at general isolation ward in Wuhan Xiehe Hospital, from February 15, 2020 to March 15, 2020. All patients were treated with arbidol (100mg each time, three times a day for 14 days) and moxifloxacin (0.4g each time, once a day for 7-14 days). Other data was also collected including demographic data, symptoms, laboratory findings, treatments and clinical outcomes. ResultsIn basic characteristics, compared with the ordinary patients, the severe patients were older (median age was 63.0 years V.S 57.0 years, p=0.03), had higher proportion of hypertension (30% V.S 9%, p=0.03), higher possibility of getting fatigue and/or myalgia (26% V.S 6%, p=0.03), and had more obvious dyspnea symptom (26% V.S 3%, p=0.006). In regarding to laboratory results, we found the severe patients have higher white blood cell counts (p=0.003), neutrophil counts (p=0.007), higher levels of D-dimer (p<0.001), ALT (p<0.001) and AST (p=0.013) than the ordinary patients. After treatment of arbidol and moxifloxacin for one week, the rates of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid turning negative were 69.2% in the severe group and 77.8% in the ordinary group. A peculiar phenomenon was that IL-6 stands out among the cytokines in both groups, and higher in severe group than the ordinary one (p=0.011). After treating with arbidol and moxifloxacin for one week, IL-6 decreased significantly in severe group (p=0.023). ConclusionIn summary, we proved the treatment of arbidol and moxifloxacin could be helpful in reducing viral load and inflammation during SARS-CoV2 infection, especially for negatively regulating fatal inflammation in severe COVID-19 patients. However, more evidence awaits further clinical verification.

Effects of rapamycin on activation of NLRP3 inflammasome induced by MPP+ in microglia / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of rapamycin on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+ )-induced activation of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in microglia.Methods:The BV2 microglia cells were divided into control group, model group and rapamycin group.The model group and rapamycin group were treated by MPP+ to activate NLRP3 inflammasome, and rapamycin group was pretreated with rapamycin.Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA levels of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and caspase-1.Immunofluorescence was used to detect the protein expression of NLRP3 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Western blot was carried out to assess the protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, beclin1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3).Results:The mRNA levels of NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 in model group were higher than those in control group ( t=4.825, 3.015, 5.853, all P<0.05). The mRNA levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in rapamycin group were lower than those in model group ( t=2.75, 2.89, both P<0.05). In model group, the protein expressions of NLRP3 (1.54±0.22), ASC (1.02±0.13) and caspase-1 (1.42±0.30) were higher than NLRP3 (0.66±0.15), ASC (0.41±0.14) and caspase-1 (0.70±0.10) in control group ( t=5.653, 5.602, 3.964, all P<0.01), while the protein expression of beclin1 (0.28±0.09) and LC3II/LC3I ratio(0.69±0.14) were lower than beclin1 (0.60±0.11) and LC3II/LC3I (1.29±0.23) in control group ( t=4.010, 3.982, both P<0.01). The protein expressions of NLRP3 (0.80±0.18) and ASC (0.68±0.14) in rapamycin group were lower than those in model group ( t=4.413, 3.077, both P<0.05), while the protein expression of beclin1 (0.65±0.20) and LC3II/LC3I ratio(1.42±0.36) were higher than those in model group ( t=2.965, 3.278, both P<0.05). Conclusion:MPP+ activates NLRP3 inflammasome and impairs autophagic function in microglia.Rapamycin inhibits MPP+ -induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome by restoring autophagic impairment in microglia.

Effects of blue light combined with albumin treatment on heart, liver and nerve damage in neonatal jaundice / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effect of blue light combined with albumin treatment on heart, liver and nerve damage in neonatal jaundice.Methods:A total of 120 cases with neonatal jaundice in the Department of Pediatrics of Women's and Children's Hospital of Zhoushan from April 2017 to April 2018 were selected and divided into control group and observation group accorded to the random number method, with 60 cases in each group.The control group received blue light therapy.The observation group was given albumin treatment on the basis of the control group.The serum total bilirubin, bile acid, aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT), troponin(cTnT), creatine kinase isozyme(CK-MB), -hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(HBDH), myoglobin(MYO), S100B, neuron-specific enolase(NSE) and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) levels were determined.Results:Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in serum total bilirubin, bile acid, AST, ALT, GGT, cTnT, CK-MB, HBDH, MYO, S100B, NSE and GFAP levels between the two groups(all P>0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of total bilirubin[(142.67±13.02)μmol/L, (118.62±11.68)μmol/L], bile acid[(15.34±2.42)μmol/L, (7.83±2.07)μmol/L], AST[(32.17±6.34)U/L, (21.04±5.58)U/L], ALT[(25.83±4.16)U/L, (18.37±4.05)U/L], GGT[(55.24±6.37)U/L, (36.17±5.86)U/L], cTnT[(0.16±0.03)×10 -6μg/L, (0.09±0.02)×10 -6μg/L], CK-MB[(4.32±0.85)×10 -6U/L, (2.01±0.72)×10 -6U/L], HBDH[(213.04±43.61)U/L, (137.26±41.61)U/L], MYO[(22.15±3.64)×10 -6μg/L, (14.26±3.27)×10 -6μg/L], S100B[(1.41±0.28)×10 -9μg/L, (0.87±0.22)×10 -9μg/L], NSE[(15.29±2.12)×10 -9μg/L, (15.29±2.12)×10 -9μg/L] and GFAP[(19.34±0.96)×10 -9μg/L, (14.36±0.92)×10 -9μg/L] in the two groups were lower than those before treatment( t=5.214, 8.261; 7.216, 11.524; 4.027, 6.843; 3.248, 5.764; 7.129, 13.654; 6.524, 9.751; 6.854, 9.031; 4.026, 6.204; 4.521, 7.026; 4.276, 5.846; 4.812, 7.023; 7.062, 13.524, all P<0.05). The levels of serum total bilirubin, bile acid, AST, ALT, GGT, cTnT, CK-MB, HBDH, MYO, S100B, NSE and GFAP in the observation group were lower than those in the control group( t=10.651, 18.267, 10.208, 9.953, 17.066, 15.038, 16.063, 9.738, 12.490, 11.747, 17.157, 29.011, all P<0.05). Conclusion:Blue light combined with albumin treatment can alleviate heart, liver and nerve damage in neonatal jaundice.

Effect of internal fixation with interlocking intramedullary nail in the treatment of traumatic long tubular bone fracture of lower extremity / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of interlocking intramedullary nailing in the treatment of patients with traumatic long tubular fractures of the lower limbs.Methods:From April 2018 to October 2019, 114 patients with traumatic long tubular bone fractures of the lower extremity who were treated in the Department of Orthopaedics of the People's Hospital of Dongyang were selected.They were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 57 patients in each group.The control group received plate internal fixation, the observation group used interlocking intramedullary nailing.The treatment effect, operation time and complications of the two groups were compared.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group (98.25%) was higher than that in the control group (66.67%), the operation time [(69.87±3.46)min] and the incidence of complications (5.26%) were lower than those in the control group [(90.14±7.47)min, 19.30%], and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2=19.646, 5.211, t=18.589, all P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with traditional steel plate internal fixation, interlocking intramedullary nail internal fixation is more effective in the treatment of patients with traumatic long tubular bone fractures of the lower extremities, the operation time is shorter, and the probability of postoperative complications is lower and has certain clinical value.

Clinical effect of monosialotetrahexosyl ganglioside in the treatment of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of monosialotetrahexosyl ganglioside in the treatment of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage.Methods From January 2016 to December 2018,142 neonates with intracranial hemorrhage admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan were randomly divided into observation group (71 cases) and control group (71 cases) according to the digital table.The control group was treated with routine treatment,while the observation group was treated with ganglioside needle on the basis of the control group.Both two groups were treated for 14 days.The therapeutic effects,muscle tone recovery time,reflex recovery time and consciousness recovery time were compared.The changes of neurobehavioral assessment score (NABA score),TNF-αt,IL-1β,MMP-2,T IMP-1 and NSE levels before and after treatment were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group (92.96％) was higher than that of the control group (77.47％) (x2 =6.762,P ＜ 0.05).The recovery time of muscle tension,reflex and consciousness in the observation group [(7.68 ± 1.29) d,(6.83 ± 1.20) d and (8.34 ± 1.54) d] were shorter than those in the control group [(10.25 ± 2.31) d,(9.17 ±1.86) d and (10.53 ± 1.08) d] (t =8.185,8.908,9.811,all P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the NABA score of the observation group [(40.37 ± 0.65) points] was higher than that of the control group [(37.16 ± 0.93) points] (t =23.838,P ＜ 0.05).The serum levels of TNF-α [(26.37 ± 4.25) pg/L],IL-1β [(16.74 ± 3.24) ng/L],MMP-2 [(78.39 ± 16.57)g/L],TIMP-1 [(179.32 ± 17.65) ng/mL] and NSE [(13.52 ± 2.19) g/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(53.21 ± 7.39) pg/L,(28.93 ± 5.64) ng/L,(97.42 ±12.63) g/L,(238.63 ± 28) ng/mL and (21.43 ± 2.89) μg/L] (t =26.529,15.792,7.696,14.938,1 8.381,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ganglioside has good therapeutic effect on neonatal intracranial hemorrhage.It can reduce the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,MMP-2,TIMP-1 and NSE,and improve the neurobehavioral function of neonates.

Influencing factors of pulmonary small airway dysfunction in some occupational populations in Guangzhou City / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the detection of small airway dysfunction in occupational populations and its influencing factors. METHODS: A convenient sampling method was adopted, and 15 490 occupational health workers who were tested for pulmonary ventilation function in 2018 were selected as study subjects. The results of pulmonary ventilation function examination and chest direct digital radiography(DR) were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Among the study subjects, 2 083 were detected to have abnormal pulmonary ventilation function, the abnormal detection rate was 13.4%; 3 089 subjects were detected to have small airway dysfunction, and the abnormal detection rate was 19.9%. The two-class logistic regression analysis results suggested that female, exposure to organic dusts during work, exposure to asthmogenic during work, chest DR abnormalities and abnormal pulmonary ventilation function were risk factors for abnormal small airway function(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The abnormal small airway function in occupational populations is related to various factors such as gender and occupational exposure to allergens. The screening of small airway function in this group may help advance the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.

Characteristics of colonoscopy in patients aged 75 and above / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of colonoscopy in patients aged 75 and above.Methods:The clinical data of 216 elderly patients aged 75 and above undergoing colonoscopy in our hospital from August 2015 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to WHO criteria, there were 140 cases in aged group (75 to 89 years old) and 76 cases in the advanced aged group (90 years old and over). Demographic data, colonoscopy completion rate, bowel preparation quality, positive diagnosis rate and adverse events were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results:More colonoscopies were performed under general anesthesia [7.9% (6/76) vs. 1.4% (2/140), χ 2=5.775, P<0.05] in the advanced aged group compared to the aged group, and the advanced aged group received lower doses of propofol and fentanyl when colonoscopies were administered with moderate sedation [(69.0±37.4) mg vs.(100.8±34.3)mg, t=6.302, P<0.01; (57.5±31.2) μg vs. (84.0±28.6)μg, t=6.297, P<0.01]. Colonoscopy completion was lower in the advanced aged group than that in the aged group[88.2%(67/76) vs. 99.3% (139/140), χ 2=13.815, P<0.01] and bowl preparation quality was worse [31.6%(24/76) vs. 15.0% (21/140), χ 2=8.209, P<0.05]. The proportion of adverse cardiopulmonary events [5.3%(4/76) vs. 0 (0/140), χ 2=7.507, P<0.01] and overall adverse events [9.2% (7/76) vs. 0.7% (1/140), χ 2=9.970, P<0.01] were higher in the advanced aged group than those in the elderly group. Colorectal cancer [14.5% (11/76) vs. 2.1% (3/140), χ 2=12.357, P<0.01] and advanced adenoma [27.6% (21/76) vs. 6.4% (9/140), χ 2=18.516, P<0.01] were more common in the advanced aged group than those in the aged group. Conclusion:Compared with the patients aged 75-89 years, patients aged 90 years and above have lower percentage of colonoscopy completion, lower quality of bowl preparation, and higher incidence of adverse events, and higher percentage of colorectal cancer and advanced adenomas detected.

Effect of dexamethasone injection into Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of acupuncture with dexamethasone (A. Dex) on allergic rhinitis (AR) by injecting dexamethasone into the Zusanli (ST 36) acupoint. METHODS: Thirty 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were sensitized on days 1, 5, and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 100 µg of ovalbumin (OVA). The mice were then randomly divided into six groups (n = 5 in each group). Five groups were sensitized intranasally with 2 µL of 1.5 mg of OVA for 10 consecutive days, while one group was sensitized intranasally with PBS in a similar manner as a negative control group. One hour before each administration of intranasal OVA, two groups were orally administered either a control vehicle (distilled water; AR control group) or 200 µg/kg Dex (O. Dex group), while three groups received A. Dex at Zusanli (ST 36) with Dex concentrations of 2, 20, and 200 µg/kg for each group, respectively. AR symptoms were evaluated by measuring the rubbing score, which comprised the number of nose, ear, and eye rubs that occurred in the initial 10 min after OVA intranasal provocation on the 10th day. We isolated spleen, serum, and nasal mucosal tissue after measuring the rubbing score. Spleen weight was measured using an electronic microbalance. The levels of IgE, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, tumor necro- sis factor-α, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 in serum or nasal mucosal tissue were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The serum histamine levels of OVA-sensitized AR mice were measured using O-phthaldialdehyde spectrofluorometry. Western blot analysis was performed on nasal mucosal tissue extracts. RESULTS: A. Dex significantly reduced the rubbing score, spleen weight, serum IgE, and serum histamine in OVA-sensitized mice. A. Dex significantly decreased the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (thymic stromal lymphopoietin and tumor ne- crosis factor-α) in OVA-sensitized mice. A. Dex sig-nificantly reduced the nasal mucosal levels of inflammatory markers (intercellular adhesion molecule-1andmacrophage-inflammatory protein-2) inAR mice. A. Dex effectively attenuated the expression of caspase-1 and receptorinteractingprotein-2 in nasal mucosal tissue.

Effect of wearing earphone to listen to music on high-frequency hearing loss in noise exposure workers / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of wearing earphone to listen to music on the high-frequency noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) in noise-exposure workers. METHODS: A total of 651 male noise-exposure workers in an automobile manufacturer were selected as study subjects by using judgment sampling method. The level of noise exposure in the individuals and the pure tone hearing threshold were tested. According to the frequency of wearing earphone to listen to music after work, the subjects were divided into low-, medium-and high-frequency earphone-using groups, with 60, 436 and 155 workers in each group, respectively. The effects of wearing earphone to listen to music combined with occupational noise exposure on high-frequency NIHL were analyzed. RESULTS: The high-frequency NIHL detection rate of the study subjects was 31.3%(204/651). The detection rate of high-frequency NIHL in these three groups from low to high was low-, medium-and high-frequency earphone-using groups(P<0.01). The detection rate of high-frequency NIHL in the high-frequency earphone-using group was higher than that of the low-and medium-frequency earphone-using groups(43.2% vs 25.0%, 43.2% vs 28.0%, P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that wearing earphones to listen to music was a risk factor for high-frequency NIHL in noise-exposure workers(P<0.01) after eliminating the influence of confounding factors such as age, length and level of noise-exposure, and wearing anti-noise ear plugs. The higher frequency of wearing earphone to listen to music, the higher risk of high-frequency NIHL. CONCLUSION: Wearing earphone to listen to music after work and occupational noise exposure had a synergistic effect on high-frequency NIHL in noise-exposure workers.

Characteristic and drug resistance of pathogens in children with intractable mycoplasma pneumonia and changes of serum IL-18 and IL-33 levels / 中国基层医药

Objective@#To investigate the characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of refractory mycoplasma pneumonia in children and the changes of serum interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) levels.@*Methods@#From January 2016 to December 2017, 103 children with refractory mycoplasma infection admitted to the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Zhoushan were selected in the study.Another 60 healthy subjects in our Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were selected as control group.The oropharyngeal secretions were collected in all children with refractory mycoplasma pneumonia, isolated and cultured pathogenic bacteria.Disk diffusion (K-B method) was used to detect the drug resistance of the main pathogens.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum IL-18 and IL-33 levels.@*Results@#The 117 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 103 children with refractory mycoplasma infection, of which 68 strains (58.12%) were Gram-negative bacilli, 39 strains (33.33%) were Gram-positive cocci, and 10 strains (8.55%) were fungi.Klebsiella pneumoniae was more resistant to cefuroxime than Acinetobacter baumannii to cefuroxime and ceftriaxone.Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were more resistant to erythromycin and penicillin G than other Gram-positive cocci.The levels of serum IL-18 and IL-33 in the study group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Gram-negative bacilli are the main pathogens of refractory mycoplasma pneumonia in children.The resistant rate of main Gram-negative bacilli to cephalosporins is higher.The resistant rate of main Gram-positive cocci to penicillin G and erythromycin is higher.The levels of serum IL-18 and IL-33 are significantly higher in patients with refractory mycoplasma pneumonia.

Relationship between CYP2C19 gene polymorphism and clopidogrel resistance after PCI in patients with coronary heart disease／ / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To explore influence of CYP2C19 gene polymorphism on clopidogrel resistance after percutane‐ous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods :A total of 100 CHD pa‐tients ,who were treated and received PCI in our hospital ,were selected .There were 24 cases with clopidogrel re‐sistance (CR ,CR group) and 76 cases without CR (NCR ,NCR group).According to CYP2C19 genotype ,patients were divided into rapid metabolism CYP2C19*1／*1 (n＝49) ,medium metabolism CYP2C19*1／*2 (n＝28) and*1／*3 (n＝11) ,and slow metabolism CYP2C19*2／*2 (n＝9) and *2／*3 (n＝3).Relationship among differ‐ent genotypes ,CR ,maximum platelet aggregation rate (MPA) and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were analyzed .Results :With rapid metabolism CYP2C19*1／*1 as the base ,there was significant rise in CR risk in medium metabolism (CYP2C19*1／*2 and *1／*3 ,OR＝4. 16 ,5. 03 , P＜0.05 both) and slow metab‐olism (CYP2C19*2／*2 and *2／*3 ,OR＝7.04 ,17. 6 , P＜0.01 both ) ,medium metabolism increased by 4. 16 and 5. 03 times respectively ,while slow metabolism increased by 7. 04 and 17. 60 times respectively .Compared with rapid metabolism genotype ,there were significant rise in MPA and incidence rate of MACE in medium and slow me‐tabolism genotypes , P＜0.05 or ＜0. 01 ;incidence rate of MACE in CR group was significantly higher than that of NCR group (20. 8% vs.5. 3%, P＝0.02).Conclusion : CYP2C19 gene polymorphism possesses certain influence on CR after PCI in CHD patients .Those with medium or slow metabolism genotypes are more likely to suffer from CR ,higher MPA and incidence rate of MACE .

Effect of matrix metalloproteinase-9 on aquaporin-4 expression in astrocytes after hypoxia and glucose deprivation and its regulatory mechanism / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects and regulating mechanisms of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) gene silencing on aquaporin 4(AQP4) expression in astrocytes induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation.Methods Cerebral cortical astrocytes from 2 days newborn SD rats were undergone the primary culture.The ischemic cell model was established by oxygen-glucose deprivation.This experiment were divided into control group,negative control group and MMP-9 gene silencing group.The leakage rate of lactated dehydrogenase (LDH)was detected by chromatoptometry.The MMP-9 gene silencing was carried out by Lentivirus transfection.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression levels of AQP4 and MMP-9.The expressions of PKA,PKC,PKG and CaMK Ⅱ were determined by Western blot.Results Compared with control group,LDH leakage rate was significantly higher in astrocytes induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation(t=13.35,P＜0.01).The expression of MMP-9 mRNA in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group(0.412±0.297) decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group(1.118 ± 0.240) (t =-4.964,P＜ 0.05).The expression of AQP4 mRNA in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group(1.002±0.082) decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group(1.442±0.066) (t=-9.886,P＜0.01).The expression of AQP4 protein in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group(0.643±0.036)decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group(1.000± 0.069)(t=-11.073,P＜0.01).The expression of PKC protein in astrocytes in MMP-9 gene silencing group (0.198±0.110)decreased significantly compared with that in negative control group (0.980± 0.232) (t =-7.218,P＜0.01).The expressions of PKA(t=0.875),PKG(t=0.818) and CaMK Ⅱ (t=0.933) protein had no statistically significant difference between negative control group and MMP-9 gene silencing group(all P＞0.05).Conclusion The permeability of astrocytes is increased by oxygen-glucose deprivation.Gene silencing MMP-9 could induce expression of AQP4 mRNA and protein decreased,and MMP-9 may regulate AQP4 expression by regulating PKC activity.

The influence of different chemical treatments on the surface modification and biological behavior of PEEK / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To improve the bioactivity of PEEK by chemical methods. Methods: PEEK samples were treated by polish only (group (1)) ; concentrated sulfuric acid for 5 min (group (2)) ; concentrated sulfuric acid for 10 min (group (3)) ; concentrated sulfuric acid for 5 min, followed by treatment of hydrogen nitrate for 5 min (group (4)) and mineral chameleon and ortho-phosphoric acid (group (5)) respectively (n = 9) . Then, all samples were treated by water at 100 ℃ for 4 h. The sample surface was observed by FE-SEM, the chemical comporent of the samples was analyzed by XPS. BMSCs were cultured on the sample surface for 4 h and observed by SEM. Results: The sample sureface in group (1) was smooth, in group (2), (3) and (4) was with 3 D ethmoidal foramen structure, in group (5) with petal-like from. The sulfur content (Wt％) of the samples of group (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) was 0, 2. 45 ± 0. 22, 3. 48 ± 0. 16 (vs (1), P= 0. 000), 1. 79 ± 0. 05 (vs (1) P = 0. 002) and 0 respectively. BMSCs cultured on the sample surface of group (2), (3), (4) and (5) were more and with more pseudopod. Conclusion: The bioactivity of PEEK can be enhanced after acid pickling. Water bath and nitric acid treatment can remove the residual acid and further enhance the bioactivity of PEEK.

The effect of pulmonary injury in rats induced by paraquat / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To study the effect of sodium aescinate on the development process of lung injury induced by paraquat.@*Methods@#Forty-five health adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, PQ group, sodium aescinate group, and 15 rats in each group. The PQ group and sodium aescinate group were given a one-time intraperitoneal injection of 18mg/kg body weight of rats PQ, the control group was given the same amout normal saline. Rats in sodium aescinate group were injected 2 mg/kg body weight sodium aescinate into abdominal cavity for 7 days continually, but the same volume of saline was injected into the other groups. Finally, at 7, 14 and 28 days after PQ poisoning, five rats were kills for measuring lung tissue pathological changes and the value of TGF-β1, TNF-α, hydroxyproline in each group.@*Results@#The expression of TNF-α in serum of 7th day [ (17.03±0.82) ng/ml] and 14th day [ (15.74±0.91) ng/ml] of sodium aescinate group were lower than the corresponding period of PQ groups’, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05) . The expression of TGF-β1 in serum of 7th day[ (225.93±8.33) ng/ml], 14th day [ (216.62±9.48) ng/ml] and 28th[ (181.41±6.10) ng/ml] of sodium aescinate group were lower than the corresponding period of PQ groups’, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05) . Lung tissue pathological changes showed, compared with control group, inflammatory injury at 7th day and fibrosis degree at 28th of rats’ lung reduced on sodium aescinate group. The expression of hydroxyproline in rats’ lung of 7th day[ (1.246±0.018) μg/mg], 14th day [ (1.269±0.034) μg/mg] and 28th[ (1.283±0.028) μg/mg] of sodium aescinate group were lower than the corresponding period of PQ groups’, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#sodium aescinate could reduce the pulmonary inflammatory injury and hydroxyproline value of PQ poisoning rats, so sodium aescinate could ameliorate lung injury induced by PQ.