The Greek Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Medical Student Version (JSE-S): Psychometric Properties and Its Associated Factors.

The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Student version (JSE-S) and its association with potential predictors among Greek-speaking undergraduate medical students. This study adopted a cross-sectional, comparative-descriptive research design. The study was conducted during October and November 2023. Cronbach's α values for the JSE-S and the factors "perspective taking", "compassionate care", and "standing in the patient's shoes" showed internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the JSE-S score in the test-retest study indicated a high level of reliability. The participants showed moderate empathy levels. Females scored higher than males in the Greek version of the JSE-S. Moreover, students enrolled in the fourth academic year showed higher empathy mean scores than those enrolled in the first year. Statistically significant empathy differences by specialty preferences or faith in God/supreme power were not found. The present study provided satisfactory evidence that the Greek JSE-S is a psychometrically sound measurement instrument. Empathy differences by gender were found in line with prior literature.

Stress events and stress symptoms in Chinese secondary school students: gender and academic year characteristics of the relationship.

Objective: To explore the relationship between stress events and stress symptoms and their gender and academic year characteristics in Chinese secondary school students. Methods: 4,995 secondary school students were investigated by the Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC) and the Calgary Symptoms of Stress Inventory (C-SOSI). Results: First, there were significant differences in all dimensions and total scores of stress events and stress symptoms between boys and girls in secondary school and between junior high school students and senior high school students. Second, the dimensions and total scores of stress events in secondary school students are positively correlated with the dimensions and total scores of stress symptoms. Third, the influence of punishment on the stress symptoms of secondary school boys is the most obvious, and the influence of punishment, adaption, relationship stress, and learning stress on the stress symptoms of secondary school girls is the most obvious. The influence of punishment on the stress symptoms of junior high school students is the most obvious, and the influence of punishment and relationship on the stress symptoms of senior high school students is the most obvious. Conclusion: Stress events and stress symptoms of Chinese secondary school students have significant differences in gender and academic year. The same stress event has different influence mechanisms on the stress symptoms of Chinese secondary school students of different genders and different academic years.

Myths in psychology: psychological misconceptions among Spanish psychology students.

Myths in Psychology are beliefs that are widely spread and inconsistent with the empirical evidence available within this field of knowledge. They are characterized by being relatively stable, resistant to change, and prevalent both among the non-academic population and among students and professionals within this discipline. The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of these myths among Spanish psychology students and the influence of three variables: the type of university, face-to-face (UAM) and online (UNED), the academic year in which participants were enrolled and familiarity with scientific dissemination. Results show that participants from the face-to-face university, enrolled in higher academic years and that reports familiarity with scientific dissemination believe less in myths than those from the online university, enrolled in lower years and that report no familiarity with scientific dissemination.

Bullying in Adolescents: Differences between Gender and School Year and Relationship with Academic Performance.

School bullying is a phenomenon of unjustified aggression in the school environment that is widespread throughout the world and with serious consequences for both the bully and the bullied. The objectives of this research were to analyze the differences between the different bullying categories by gender and academic year in primary and secondary education students, as well as their relationship with academic performance. To categorize students according to their bullying experiences, the European Bullying Intervention Project (EBIPQ) Questionnaire was used. The Chi-square test was used to compare the scores obtained by the students in the EBIPQ based on gender and academic year, and the one-way ANOVA test was used to analyze its relationship with academic performance. Research participants were 562 students from the 5th (n = 228) and 6th (n = 186) primary school years and the 1st (n = 134) and 2nd (n = 94) secondary school years. They were males (50.5%) and females (49.5%) ranging in ages from 10 to 15 years old (mean = 11.66, standard deviation = 1.206). The results showed statistically significant differences in gender and academic year, indicating a greater number of boys in the role of the bully/victim and girls in that of non-bully/non-victim. The most aggressive students were in the 2nd year of ESO (12-13 years old). Regarding academic performance, statistically significant differences were obtained that confirm the hypothesis that performance or average grade varies according to the category of bullying in which students find themselves. The academic performance of the non-bully/non-victim and those in the victim category was found to be higher than that of bullies and bully/victim students.

Teamwork skills in higher education: is university training contributing to their mastery?

Teamwork skills are considered essential for personal, academic and professional achievement, so universities are increasingly integrating them into their syllabuses. However, little is known about how some specific features of students and their educational development can affect their acquisition. Accordingly, this study aims to fill this gap and describe higher education students' mastery of teamwork skills and its relation to certain socio-academic variables (gender, academic year and grade point average-GPA). With the aim of determining the level of teamwork skills among university students, an observational, transversal descriptive study was designed with an intentional sample of Spanish university students. The sample is made up of 615 social science degree students. The results suggest significant gender differences, highlighting that female students outdid their male counterparts in most teamwork skills, except leadership. Likewise, students' skills improved as they progressed in their studies, particularly those skills related to adaptability and decision-making. Finally, a positive relationship was observed between teamwork skills and GPA, except for interpersonal development. A regression analysis confirmed the influence of both academic year and GPA for women whilst no effect was detected in the case of men. Based on these results, it is suggested to make changes in university education programmes to compensate for the influence of socio-academic factors and benefit from the most positive features of each gender regarding teamwork to achieve an equal and fair higher education.

Teamwork skills in higher education: is university training contributing to their mastery?

Teamwork skills are considered essential for personal, academic and professional achievement, so universities are increasingly integrating them into their syllabuses. However, little is known about how some specific features of students and their educational development can affect their acquisition. Accordingly, this study aims to fill this gap and describe higher education students' mastery of teamwork skills and its relation to certain socio-academic variables (gender, academic year and grade point average—GPA). With the aim of determining the level of teamwork skills among university students, an observational, transversal descriptive study was designed with an intentional sample of Spanish university students. The sample is made up of 615 social science degree students. The results suggest significant gender differences, highlighting that female students outdid their male counterparts in most teamwork skills, except leadership. Likewise, students' skills improved as they progressed in their studies, particularly those skills related to adaptability and decision-making. Finally, a positive relationship was observed between teamwork skills and GPA, except for interpersonal development. A regression analysis confirmed the influence of both academic year and GPA for women whilst no effect was detected in the case of men. Based on these results, it is suggested to make changes in university education programmes to compensate for the influence of socio-academic factors and benefit from the most positive features of each gender regarding teamwork to achieve an equal and fair higher education. (AU)

Changes in Physical Fitness during Summer Months and the School Year in Austrian Elementary School Children-A 4-Year Longitudinal Study.

Even though physical fitness is an important component in children's health and well-being, there has been a decline in physical fitness over the last several decades. The present study examined potential differences in the development of physical fitness during the academic year and summer vacation in Austrian elementary-school children. A total of 214 children (52.3% boys) completed the German motor test in the fall (after summer vacation) and spring (prior to summer vacation) of every grade throughout their elementary school years. This resulted in eight assessments of cardio-respiratory endurance, muscular fitness, flexibility, speed, agility, and balance over a 4-year period. As expected, physical fitness increased with age but the improvement in cardio-respiratory endurance and muscular fitness was more pronounced during summer vacation (p < 0.01), while the improvement in speed was more pronounced during the academic year (p < 0.01). These results indicate an influence of weather conditions on health-enhancing physical activity in addition to structural and social support. Particularly in geographical regions with cold winters and shorter days, health-enhancing physical activity may be limited. Accordingly, schools need to provide additional opportunities to ensure an adequate amount of physical activity that stimulates the development of physical fitness.

Satisfaction with Self and External Regulation of Learning in Higher Education Students in Brazil.

The satisfaction of university students with the variables that regulate their learning provides very valuable information to improve the quality of teaching processes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the learning of Brazilian university students, exploring both self-regulation variables, such as study techniques; and more external regulation variables, namely, satisfaction with the teaching-learning process and with the infrastructure, based on three variables: gender, the institution of higher education and the academic year of the students. To achieve this, 560 students of the Pedagogy degree were evaluated with two questionnaires: a questionnaire of satisfaction with the educational infrastructure and the teaching-learning process and a questionnaire on study techniques. Statistically significant differences were obtained, especially depending on the type of institution and the academic year. The students of private schools and earlier academic years were the ones who obtained the most satisfaction with the study techniques and with the infrastructure. Those from private centers also expressed more satisfaction with the teaching-learning processes. These results provide greater knowledge about the processes of self-regulation and external regulation of university learning and of their satisfaction with them, which can contribute to improving educational policies in Brazil.

Empatía y declinación empática por curso y sexo en estudiantes de enfermería / Empathy and Empathic Decline by Academic Year and Sex in Nursing Students

Introducción: La empatía es un atributo importante en la comunicación entre el profesional de salud (médicos y enfermeras de todas las especialidades) y el paciente; permite la conexión intersubjetiva entre ellos y contribuye a una mejor atención, mayor adherencia al tratamiento, entre otros muchos beneficios. Dada la complejidad de la empatía, la formación de este atributo es una tarea que se debe asumir durante la formación de pregrado y no durante la formación de especialistas. Por lo tanto, los estudios de empatía, así como las intervenciones que pueden derivarse de un diagnóstico empático adecuado, deben realizarse precisamente en dicho nivel formativo. Objetivo: Determinar la presencia de declinación empática, atendiendo a las variables curso y sexo, sobre la base de los niveles de empatía y de sus dimensiones en estudiantes de enfermería. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio, transversal. Se estudiaron 166 estudiantes de un total poblacional de 188, utilizando la Escala de Empatía de Jefferson, estudiando las posibles diferencias en la empatía y sus componentes mediante pruebas no paramétricas. Resultados: No hubo diferencias en los componentes de la empatía en relación con la variable curso; sin embargo, la empatía (en general) si las tuvo. La empatía y los componentes no se diferenciaron en el sexo, con excepción de Toma de Perspectiva que fue mayor en mujeres. Conclusiones: Los niveles de empatía entre los cursos no fueron diferentes y no se manifestó la declinación empática. No existieron diferencias entre los sexos y solo el componente Toma de Perspectiva fue mayor en mujeres(AU)

Introduction: Empathy is an important attribute for communication between the health professional (doctors and nurses of all specialties) and the patient; it allows intersubjective connection between them and contributes to better care, greater adherence to treatment, among many other benefits. Given the complexity of empathy, educating this attribute is a task that must be assumed during undergraduate training and not during specialized training. Therefore, studies about empathy, as well as the interventions that can be derived from an adequate empathic diagnosis, must be carried out precisely at this training level. Objective: To determine the presence of empathic decline, with a focus on the variables academic years and sex, based on the levels of empathy and its dimensions in Nursing students. Methods: Exploratory and cross-sectional study carried out with 166 students, from a total population of 188. The Jefferson Empathy Scale was used. The possible differences in empathy and its components were studied using nonparametric tests. Results: There were no differences in the components of empathy regarding the variable academic year; however, empathy, in general, did have differences. Empathy and its components did not differ by sex, with the exception of perspective taking, which was higher in women(AU) Conclusions: The levels of empathy between academic years were not different and empathic decline was not manifested. There were no differences between the sexes and only the component perspective taking was higher in women.

Academic Achievement in Spanish Secondary School Students: The Inter-Related Role of Executive Functions, Physical Activity and Gender.

There is a growing interest in determining which variables contribute to students' academic performance, since this performance is associated with their wellbeing and with the progress of the nation. This study analyzed whether different variables (executive functions and physical activity levels, gender and academic year) of 177 Spanish Compulsory Secondary School students contributed to their academic performance. The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function 2 (BRIEF-2), Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) and an ad hoc questionnaire were used to determine the students' executive functioning, physical activity level, gender and academic year, respectively. Students' grades were considered to be indicators of their academic achievement. Seven multiple linear regression models were constructed using the R computing language to examine the association between academic achievement (considered in each of the 5 subjects: Language, Mathematics, Geography and History, English and Physical Education; the mean of the instrumental subjects-Language and Mathematics-and the mean of all the subjects) and the independent variables. The results indicated that executive functions, physical activity and gender contributed to academic performance, but academic year did not. This suggests that students with good executive functions, who perform physical activity and are female, would have better academic achievement. This information should be considered when designing interventions to improve student academic achievement.

Lifestyle and psychosocial factors associated with maintenance of normal body mass index in college students: a cross sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify lifestyle and psychosocial factors associated with maintenance of normal body mass index (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m2). Undergraduate students (n = 2781; 7.1% response rate) at a Big Ten university responded to a survey in 2018. BMI was calculated from the reported weight and height at the time of the survey and upon entering the university. Logistic regression analyses examined lifestyle and psychosocial health factors associated with maintenance of normal BMI by academic year. RESULTS: Current BMI was within normal range for 68.8% of freshmen and 60.6% of seniors. Never consuming fast food was a significant predictor for maintaining normal BMI in sophomores (OR 3.78; 95% CI 1.61, 8.88; p < 0.01) and juniors (OR 7.82; 95% CI 2.14, 28.65; p < 0.01). In seniors, better psychosocial health (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.12, 1.76; p < 0.01) was the only significant predictor for maintaining one's normal freshman BMI category. Among those within the normal BMI range upon entering the university, psychosocial health (OR 1.31; 95% CI 1.10, 1.55; p < 0.01) was the only predictor of retaining one's absolute BMI within ± 3% as a senior. Prospective studies are needed to better understand the interaction between environment, behavior, and psychological health involved in retaining normal weight.

Impact of "e-Learning crack-up" perception on psychological distress among college students during COVID-19 pandemic: A mediating role of "fear of academic year loss".

While literature reveals the positive perception of e-Learning, this study examined and assessed the impact of e-Learning crack-up perceptions on psychological distress among college students during COVID-19 pandemic. Kessler psychological distress scale (K10) was used to evaluate stress symptoms. This study first conducted an online focus group discussion (OFGD) with the target population to develop the scale of "e-Learning crack-up" and "fear of academic year loss". Afterward, a questionnaire was developed based on OFGD findings. An online survey was conducted amongst college students in Bangladesh using a purposive sampling technique. Results show that "e-Learning crack-up" perception has a significant positive impact on student's psychological distress, and fear of academic year loss is the crucial factor that is responsible for psychological distress during COVID-19 lockdown. This study can provide an understanding of how "e-Learning crack-up" and "Fear of academic year loss" influence college students' mental health. Theoretically, this study extends and validated the scope of Kessler's psychological distress scale with two new contexts. Practically, this study will help the government and policymakers identify the student's mental well-being and take more appropriate action to address these issues.

Fear of COVID-19 Scale-Associations of Its Scores with Health Literacy and Health-Related Behaviors among Medical Students.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic causes fear, as its immediate consequences for the public have produced unprecedented challenges for the education and healthcare systems. We aimed to validate the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S) and examine the association of its scores with health literacy and health-related behaviors among medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 7 to 29 April 2020 on 5423 students at eight universities across Vietnam, including five universities in the North, one university in the Center, two universities in the South. An online survey questionnaire was used to collect data on participants' characteristics, health literacy, fear of COVID-19 using the FCoV-19S, and health-related behaviors. The results showed that seven items of the FCoV-19S strongly loaded on one component, explained 62.15% of the variance, with good item-scale convergent validity and high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.90). Higher health literacy was associated with lower FCoV-19S scores (coefficient, B, -0.06; 95% confidence interval, 95%CI, -0.08, -0.04; p < 0.001). Older age or last academic years, being men, and being able to pay for medication were associated with lower FCoV-19S scores. Students with higher FCoV-19S scores more likely kept smoking (odds ratio, OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.08, 1.14; p < 0.001) or drinking alcohol (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.06; p < 0.001) at an unchanged or higher level during the pandemic, as compared to students with lower FCoV-19S scores. In conclusion, the FCoV-19S is valid and reliable in screening for fear of COVID-19. Health literacy was found to protect medical students from fear. Smoking and drinking appeared to have a negative impact on fear of COVID-19. Strategic public health approaches are required to reduce fear and promote healthy lifestyles during the pandemic.

How can Academic Context Variables Contribute to the Personal Well-Being of Higher Education Students?

This study analyzed the influence of perceived time pressure, role clarity, working conditions and peer social support on the personal well-being (subjective, psychological and social well-being) of higher education students, in a sample of 128 Portuguese students from the University of Lisbon. A model was proposed which predicts a negative influence of time pressure and a positive influence of role clarity, working conditions and peer social support on students' personal well-being, throughout the academic year. Data was collected by means of a longitudinal design, at the beginning and end of the academic year, through self-report questionnaires. Structural equation models were used to analyze cross-sectional and cross-lagged relations among the variables. At cross-sectional level, results revealed a good fit to data (CFI = .928; IFI = .931; RMSEA = .060) illustrating that the perception of academic context variables was related to well-being dimensions. At longitudinal level, however, cross-lagged models did not fit so well to the data (CFI = .863; IFI = .869; RMSEA = .058) with both perceptions of time pressure (ß = .167; p = .037) and role clarity (ß = -.288; p = .031) significantly predicting well-being, but not in the expected direction, encouraging the accomplishment of studies to further a broader understanding of higher education students' well-being and its predictors. Implications for higher education scholars and practitioners and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Antecedentes académicos como predictores de Burnout en estudiantes de primer año de Odontología / Academic antecedents as burnout predictors in first-year Dentistry students

Introducción: en los últimos años, el bienestar psicológico del estudiante ha sido motivo de estudio debido a su influencia en el rendimiento académico y adaptación a la educación universitaria. Objetivo: asociar los antecedentes académicos de los estudiantes de primer año de Odontología y sus niveles de Burnout. Métodos: se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach para estudiantes, luego de un proceso de consentimiento informado, a una muestra de 79 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad de Concepción obtenida mediante muestreo no probabilístico por accesibilidad. A partir de la base de datos universitaria, se obtuvo información sobre los antecedentes académicos de los participantes. Resultados: se encontraron relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre puntajes de Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y niveles de Agotamiento emocional y Falta de realización personal y entre las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria y niveles de Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05). Asimismo, los antecedentes académicos entregaron predicciones estadísticamente significativas para el factor Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05), dando cuenta de un 10,5 por ciento de variación de él, donde sólo la calificación promedio de enseñanza secundaria (p< 0,05) fue un predictor estadísticamente significativo explicando 6,59 por ciento de la variación del nivel de Agotamiento emocional. Conclusiones: antecedentes académicos como el puntaje en la Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria se vieron asociados a los niveles de Burnout de los estudiantes de Odontología de primer año de la Universidad de Concepción(AU)

Introduction: In recent years, students' psychological well-being has been studied because of its influence on academic achievement and adaptation to university education. Objective: To associate the academic antecedents of first-year Dentistry students and their burnout levels. Method: A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied to students, after an informed consent process, to a sample of 79 first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling by accessibility. From the university database, information was obtained as based on the academic antecedents of the participants. Results: Statistically significant relationships were found between the scores of university admission tests in Mathematics and emotional exhaustion levels, as well as lack of personal achievement; and between average secondary school grades and emotional exhaustion levels (p< 0.05). Also, the academic antecedents provided statistically significant predictions for the emotional exhaustion factor (p< 0.05), accounting for its 10.5 percent variation, where only the average secondary education score (p< 0.05) was a statistically significant predictor explaining that 6.59 percent of the variation in the emotional exhaustion level. Conclusiones: Academic antecedents such as the scores in university admission tests in Mathematics and the average secondary school grades were associated with burnout levels of first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción(AU)

Procrastinación en Estudiantes Universitarios: su Relación con la Edad y el Curso Académico / Procrastination in University Students: The Relationship to Age and Academic Year / Procrastinação em Estudantes Universitários: Sua Relação com a Idade e o Curso de Graduação

Resumen El propósito de esta investigación es descubrir si la procrastinación académica disminuye a lo largo del tiempo, y si esta disminución se explica por el factor edad, por el factor curso, o por una combinación de ambas variables. Se administró la Procrastination Assessment Scale Students (PASS) a una muestra de 105 alumnos universitarios, que se dividieron en cuatro grupos independientes en función de si eran menores o mayores de 25 años y del curso académico que hacían. Los resultados indican que el nivel de procrastinación solo depende de la edad y no del curso de los alumnos, y amplían el conocimiento empírico sobre procrastinación académica en la universidad.

Abstract The purpose of this research is to find out whether academic procrastination decreases over time, and if the diminution is explained by the age factor, the academic year factor, or the combination of both of them. The Procrastination Assessment Scale (PASS) was administrated to a total sample of 105 university students. The sample was divided into four independent groups according both the age of the student's -under or over 25- and the academic year in which they were enrolled. Results indicate that procrastination only depends on the age, and it decreases as students grow older. This work extends empirical knowledge about the role of age in procrastination.

Resumo O propósito desta pesquisa é descobrir se a procrastinação acadêmica diminui ao longo do tempo e se essa diminuição é explicada pelo fator idade, pelo fator curso ou por uma combinação de ambas as variáveis. Aplicou-se o Procrastination Assessment Scale Students (PASS) a uma amostra de 105 estudantes universitários que foram divididos em quatro gru pos independentes em função de se eram menores ou maiores de 25 anos e do curso de graduação em que estavam. Os resultados indicam que o nível de procrastinação somente depende da idade, e não do curso dos estudantes, e ampliam o conhecimento empírico sobre procrastinação acadêmica.

Antecedentes académicos como predictores de Burnout en estudiantes de primer año de Odontología / Academic antecedents as burnout predictors in first-year Dentistry students

Introducción: en los últimos años, el bienestar psicológico del estudiante ha sido motivo de estudio debido a su influencia en el rendimiento académico y adaptación a la educación universitaria. Objetivo: asociar los antecedentes académicos de los estudiantes de primer año de Odontología y sus niveles de Burnout. Métodos: se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach para estudiantes, luego de un proceso de consentimiento informado, a una muestra de 79 estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Odontología de la Universidad de Concepción obtenida mediante muestreo no probabilístico por accesibilidad. A partir de la base de datos universitaria, se obtuvo información sobre los antecedentes académicos de los participantes. Resultados: se encontraron relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre puntajes de Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y niveles de Agotamiento emocional y Falta de realización personal y entre las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria y niveles de Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05). Asimismo, los antecedentes académicos entregaron predicciones estadísticamente significativas para el factor Agotamiento emocional (p< 0,05), dando cuenta de un 10,5 por ciento de variación de él, donde sólo la calificación promedio de enseñanza secundaria (p< 0,05) fue un predictor estadísticamente significativo explicando 6,59 por ciento de la variación del nivel de Agotamiento emocional. Conclusiones: antecedentes académicos como el puntaje en la Prueba de Selección Universitaria de matemáticas y las calificaciones promedio de enseñanza secundaria se vieron asociados a los niveles de Burnout de los estudiantes de Odontología de primer año de la Universidad de Concepción(AU)

Introduction: In recent years, students' psychological well-being has been studied because of its influence on academic achievement and adaptation to university education. Objective: To associate the academic antecedents of first-year Dentistry students and their burnout levels. Method: A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied to students, after an informed consent process, to a sample of 79 first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción, obtained through non-probabilistic sampling by accessibility. From the university database, information was obtained as based on the academic antecedents of the participants. Results: Statistically significant relationships were found between the scores of university admission tests in Mathematics and emotional exhaustion levels, as well as lack of personal achievement; and between average secondary school grades and emotional exhaustion levels (p< 0.05). Also, the academic antecedents provided statistically significant predictions for the emotional exhaustion factor (p< 0.05), accounting for its 10.5 percent variation, where only the average secondary education score (p< 0.05) was a statistically significant predictor explaining that 6.59 percent of the variation in the emotional exhaustion level. Conclusiones: Academic antecedents such as the scores in university admission tests in Mathematics and the average secondary school grades were associated with burnout levels of first-year Dentistry students at the University of Concepción(AU)

El trabajo docente metodológico en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana (UCMH) / The teaching methodological work in the dental school of the University of Medical Sciences of Havana

Se realizó una investigación para evaluar el trabajo metodológico de la Facultad de Estomatología en los cursos 2011-2012 y 2012-2013. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos. En una primera etapa se realizó una revisión documental donde se analizaron documentos como resoluciones, los planes metodológicos de los distintos niveles de dirección y organizativos de la facultad, entre otros. Se aplicaron las técnicas de grupos focales y el criterio de expertos para la revisión de los documentos y para identificar logros y dificultades del trabajo metodológico en cada nivel. Se tomaron en cuenta los parámetros de calidad y sus indicadores diseñados por el departamento metodológico de la Universidad de La Habana para los fines de evaluación de los planes metodológicos adaptándolos a las características de la Educación Médica Superior. El plan metodológico a nivel de facultad en el curso 2011-2012 cumplió los parámetros contenidos en los indicadores previstos, no obstante no se elaboraron los planes del colectivo de carrera y de disciplinas. En el curso 2012-2013 se tomaron en consideración las dificultades en los planes metodológicos del curso anterior para mejorar su calidad y se confeccionaron todos los planes, tanto los de los niveles de dirección, como de los niveles organizativos. Los planes metodológicos en sentido general tienen calidad y expresan las principales acciones metodológicas previstas para cada nivel. Dentro de las principales dificultades están la no participación de algunos profesores en las actividades planificadas y el no cumplimiento de todos los controles previstos a las actividades metodológicas.

A research study was conducted to evaluate the methodological work of the Dental School in the 2011-2012 and the 2012-2013 academic courses for which theoretical and empirical methods were used. The first phase made a documentary review and analyzed documents such as resolutions, methodological plans of the different management and organizational levels of the school, among others. The focal groups and expert criteria techniques were applied to the document review and to the detection of difficulties and of achievements of the methodological work at each level. The quality parameters as well as the indicators designed for each methodological department at the University of Havana for the evaluation of the methodological plans, according to their adapting to the characteristics of the higher medical education, were all considered. The methodological plan of the dental school as such in the 2011-2012 academic year met the parameters included in the predicted indicators, but the plans for the career faculty and for the disciplines were not drafted. On the other hand, in the 2012-2013 academic course, the difficulties of the methodological plans of the previous academic year were taken into consideration in order to improve the quality, so all the plans both at the management level and at the organizational levels were prepared. The methodological plans have quality and express the main methodological actions corresponding to each level. Among the main difficulties are the absence of some professors in the planned activities and the non-fulfillment of all the planned control actions to the methodological activities.