Synchronous breast implant associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) and silicone induced granuloma of breast implant capsule (SIGBIC): What to learn.

We recently described silicone induced granuloma of breast implant capsule (SIGBIC) as an implant capsule illness related to intact silicone breast implants. The precursor to SIGBIC development is gel bleeding/shedding from the implant shell/interior content. Currently, although the literature widely discussed the pathogenesis of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL), the trigger point for its development is still a black-box. In this case report, we report a 46-year-old woman with SIGBIC diagnosis in her right breast and BIA-ALCL in her left breast, diagnosed with ultrasound and breast magnetic resonance. Microscopy confirmed silicone bleeding from the implant surface/ content. The imaging findings reported that SIGBIC and BIA-ALCL were similar; however, BIA-ALCL had an intracapsular collection.

Energetic costs and implications of the intake of plant secondary metabolites on digestive and renal morphology in two austral passerines.

Seed-eating birds have a diet of high nutritional value; however, they must cope with plant secondary metabolites (PSM). We postulated that the detoxification capacity of birds is associated with a metabolic cost, given that the organs responsible for detoxification significantly contribute to energetic metabolism. We used an experimental approach to assess the effects of phenol-enriched diets on two passerines with different feeding habits: the omnivorous rufous-collared sparrow (Zonotrichia capensis) and the granivorous common diuca-finch (Diuca diuca). The birds were fed with one of three diets: control diet, supplemented with tannic acid, or supplemented with Opuntia ficus-indica phenolic extract (a common food of the sparrow but not the finch). After 5 weeks of exposure to the diets, we measured basal metabolic rates (BMR), energy intake, glucuronic acid output and digestive and kidney structure. In both species, detoxification capacity expressed as glucuronic acid output was higher in individuals consuming phenol-enriched diets compared to the control diet. However, whereas sparrows increase energy intake and intestinal mass when feeding on phenol-enriched diets, finches had lower intestinal mass and energy intake remains stable. Furthermore, sparrows had higher BMR on phenol-enriched diets compared to the control group, whereas in the finches BMR remains unchanged. Interspecific differences in response to phenols intake may be determined by the dietary habits of these species. While both species can feed on moderate phenolic diets for 5 weeks, energy costs may differ due to different responses in food intake and organ structure to counteract the effects of PSM intake.

Nutritional value of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense) harvested at different stages of maturity / Valor nutricional de híbridos de sorgo para corte e pastejo (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense) em diferentes fases fenológicas

The aim of this work was to evaluate the nutritional value of four sorghum-sudangrass hybrids harvested at four different stages of maturity. The hybrids evaluated were BR800, BRS810 (bmr), BRS802 and 156x2784. Hybrids were harvested at 52, 61, 67 and 74 days after seeding. BRS802 and BRS810 (bmr) are sorghum-sudangrass hybrids isogenic pairs that are distinguished only by the presence of bmr-6 mutation on BRS810. Samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) content and in vitro DM and NDF digestibility (IVDMD and IVNDFD). Interaction between hybrid and stage of maturity was observed for NDF, ADF, IVDMD and IVNDFD. A linear increase in DM content was observed with increasing stage of maturity. A quadratic effect was observed for CP content with increasing stage of maturity, and the maximum CP value was estimated to be with 55.8 days. The hybrid BR800 had the highest CP content (12.5%) and the hybrids BRS 802 and 156x2784 the lowest CP content (9.7 and 10.3%, respectively) for all stages of maturity evaluated. A quadratic effect in NDF content was observed with increasing stage of maturity for the hybrids BR800, BRS810 (bmr) and BRS802 with the maximum values estimated to be with 62.0, 61.7 and 60.4 days after seeding respectively. With 52 and 67 days after seeding the hybrid BRS810 (bmr) had the lowest NDF content (64.2 and 66.4%, respectively). The isogenic pair, hybrids BRS802 and BRS810 (bmr), had a linear decrease in ADF content with increasing stage of maturity, and with 52, 61 and 67 days after seeding the bmr hybrid had lower ADF content compared to its counter pair (BRS802). No linear or quadratic effect with increasing stage of maturity was observed for ADL content. The hybrids BRS802 and 156x2784 had the highest ADL content (4.42 and 4.16%, respectively) regardless of the stage of maturity. BRS810 (bmr) had...(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o valor nutricional de quatro híbridos de sorgo em quatro idades de corte. Os híbridos BR800, BRS810 (bmr), BRS802 e 156x2784 foram colhidos e avaliados nas idades de 52, 61, 67 e 74 dias após o plantio. O BRS810 (bmr) e o BRS802 são pares isogênicos que se diferenciam apenas pela presença da mutação bmr-6 no primeiro. Determinou-se os teores de matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e lignina (LIG) e as digestibilidades in vitro da MS (DIVMS) e da FDN (DIVFDN). A interação entre híbrido e idade de corte foi significativa para os parâmetros FDN, FDA, DIVMS e DIVFDN. Observou-se aumento linear do teor de MS com o aumento da idade de corte. O teor de PB apresentou efeito quadrático com ponto de máximo em 55,8 dias. Independente da idade de corte, o híbrido BR800 apresentou o maior teor de PB (12,5%) e os híbridos BRS802 e 156x2784 os menores teores (9,7 e 10,3%, respectivamente). Os híbridos BR800, BRS810 (bmr) e BRS802 apresentaram efeito quadrático para o teor de FDN com pontos de máximo aos 62,0; 61,7 e 60,4 dias, respectivamente. Nas idades de 52 e 67 dias o híbrido BRS810 (bmr) apresentou teor de FDN inferior aos demais híbridos (64,2 e 66,4%, respectivamente). Em relação aos teores de FDA os híbridos que compõem o par isogênico apresentaram efeito linear decrescente e, nas idades de 52, 61 e 67 dias, o híbrido mutante apresentou menor teor de FDA em relação ao seu par isogênico. Não houve efeito linear ou quadrático sobre o teor de LIG. Independente da idade de corte, os híbridos BRS802 e 156x2784 apresentaram maior teor de LIG (4,42 e 4,16%, respectivamente), o BR800 valor intermediário (3,69%) e o BRS810 (bmr) o menor valor (2,49%). O híbrido BRS810 (bmr) apresentou DIVMS e DIVFDN superior ao seu par isogênico em todas as idades avaliadas. A mutação bmr-6 provocou melhora do valor nutritivo em função da redução dos teores de FDN, FDA e LIG e aumento do teor de PB e...(AU)

Acute exercise in treated phenylketonuria patients: Physical activity and biochemical response.

BACKGROUND: In phenylketonuria, dietary treatment prevents most of the severe brain disease. However, patients have to follow a diet restricted in several natural components, what may cause decreased bone density and obesity. Exercise is known to improve both mental functioning and bone density also avoiding obesity, and could optimize aspects of central and peripheral outcome, regardless changes in phenylalanine (Phe) levels. However, the acute effects of exercise on metabolic parameters in phenylketonuria patients are unknown and thereby long-term adaptations are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate patients' basal metabolic rate (BMR), and their acute response to an aerobic exercise session on plasma concentrations of Phe, tyrosine (Tyr), and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), as well as metabolic and hormonal responses. METHODS: Five early- and four late diagnosed phenylketonuria patients aged 21 ± 4 years and 17 sex-, age-, and BMI-matched controls were evaluated for BMR, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and plasma amino acid, glucose, lipid profile and hormonal levels. At least one week later, participants performed a 30-min aerobic exercise session (intensities individually calculated using the VO2peak results). Blood samples were collected in fasted state (moment 1, M1) and immediately after a small breakfast, which included the metabolic formula for patients but not for controls, and the exercise session (moment 2, M2). RESULTS: Phenylketonuria patients and controls showed similar BMR and physical capacities. At M1, patients presented higher Phe concentration and Phe/Tyr ratio; and lower levels of BCAA and total cholesterol than controls. Besides that, poorly controlled patients tended to stay slightly below the prescribed VO2 during exercise. Both patients and controls showed increased levels of total cholesterol and LDL at M2 compared with M1. Only controls showed increased levels of Tyr, lactate, and HDL; and decreased Phe/Tyr ratio and glucose levels at M2 compared to values at M1. CONCLUSIONS: Acute aerobic exercise followed by a Phe-restricted breakfast did not change Phe concentrations in treated phenylketonuria patients, but it was associated with decreased Phe/Tyr only in controls. Further studies are necessary to confirm our results in a higher number of patients.

Nutritional value of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense) harvested at different stages of maturity / Valor nutricional de híbridos de sorgo para corte e pastejo (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum sudanense) em diferentes fases fenológicas

The aim of this work was to evaluate the nutritional value of four sorghum-sudangrass hybrids harvested at four different stages of maturity. The hybrids evaluated were BR800, BRS810 (bmr), BRS802 and 156x2784. Hybrids were harvested at 52, 61, 67 and 74 days after seeding. BRS802 and BRS810 (bmr) are sorghum-sudangrass hybrids isogenic pairs that are distinguished only by the presence of bmr-6 mutation on BRS810. Samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) content and in vitro DM and NDF digestibility (IVDMD and IVNDFD). Interaction between hybrid and stage of maturity was observed for NDF, ADF, IVDMD and IVNDFD. A linear increase in DM content was observed with increasing stage of maturity. A quadratic effect was observed for CP content with increasing stage of maturity, and the maximum CP value was estimated to be with 55.8 days. The hybrid BR800 had the highest CP content (12.5%) and the hybrids BRS 802 and 156x2784 the lowest CP content (9.7 and 10.3%, respectively) for all stages of maturity evaluated. A quadratic effect in NDF content was observed with increasing stage of maturity for the hybrids BR800, BRS810 (bmr) and BRS802 with the maximum values estimated to be with 62.0, 61.7 and 60.4 days after seeding respectively. With 52 and 67 days after seeding the hybrid BRS810 (bmr) had the lowest NDF content (64.2 and 66.4%, respectively). The isogenic pair, hybrids BRS802 and BRS810 (bmr), had a linear decrease in ADF content with increasing stage of maturity, and with 52, 61 and 67 days after seeding the bmr hybrid had lower ADF content compared to its counter pair (BRS802). No linear or quadratic effect with increasing stage of maturity was observed for ADL content. The hybrids BRS802 and 156x2784 had the highest ADL content (4.42 and 4.16%, respectively) regardless of the stage of maturity. BRS810 (bmr) had...

Objetivou-se avaliar o valor nutricional de quatro híbridos de sorgo em quatro idades de corte. Os híbridos BR800, BRS810 (bmr), BRS802 e 156x2784 foram colhidos e avaliados nas idades de 52, 61, 67 e 74 dias após o plantio. O BRS810 (bmr) e o BRS802 são pares isogênicos que se diferenciam apenas pela presença da mutação bmr-6 no primeiro. Determinou-se os teores de matéria seca (MS), proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e lignina (LIG) e as digestibilidades in vitro da MS (DIVMS) e da FDN (DIVFDN). A interação entre híbrido e idade de corte foi significativa para os parâmetros FDN, FDA, DIVMS e DIVFDN. Observou-se aumento linear do teor de MS com o aumento da idade de corte. O teor de PB apresentou efeito quadrático com ponto de máximo em 55,8 dias. Independente da idade de corte, o híbrido BR800 apresentou o maior teor de PB (12,5%) e os híbridos BRS802 e 156x2784 os menores teores (9,7 e 10,3%, respectivamente). Os híbridos BR800, BRS810 (bmr) e BRS802 apresentaram efeito quadrático para o teor de FDN com pontos de máximo aos 62,0; 61,7 e 60,4 dias, respectivamente. Nas idades de 52 e 67 dias o híbrido BRS810 (bmr) apresentou teor de FDN inferior aos demais híbridos (64,2 e 66,4%, respectivamente). Em relação aos teores de FDA os híbridos que compõem o par isogênico apresentaram efeito linear decrescente e, nas idades de 52, 61 e 67 dias, o híbrido mutante apresentou menor teor de FDA em relação ao seu par isogênico. Não houve efeito linear ou quadrático sobre o teor de LIG. Independente da idade de corte, os híbridos BRS802 e 156x2784 apresentaram maior teor de LIG (4,42 e 4,16%, respectivamente), o BR800 valor intermediário (3,69%) e o BRS810 (bmr) o menor valor (2,49%). O híbrido BRS810 (bmr) apresentou DIVMS e DIVFDN superior ao seu par isogênico em todas as idades avaliadas. A mutação bmr-6 provocou melhora do valor nutritivo em função da redução dos teores de FDN, FDA e LIG e aumento do teor de PB e...

More physically active and leaner adolescents have higher energy intake.

OBJECTIVE: To test whether youths who engage in vigorous physical activity are more likely to have lean bodies while ingesting relatively large amounts of energy. For this purpose, we studied the associations of both physical activity and adiposity with energy intake in adolescents. STUDY DESIGN: The study subjects were adolescents who participated in 1 of 2 cross-sectional studies, the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study (n = 1450; mean age, 14.6 years) or the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS; n = 321; mean age, 15.6 years). Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, and energy intake was measured by 24-hour recall. In the HELENA study, body composition was assessed by 2 or more of the following methods: skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance analysis, plus dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or air-displacement plethysmography in a subsample. In the EYHS, body composition was assessed by skinfold thickness. RESULTS: Fat mass was inversely associated with energy intake in both studies and using 4 different measurement methods (P ≤ .006). Overall, fat-free mass was positively associated with energy intake in both studies, yet the results were not consistent across measurement methods in the HELENA study. Vigorous physical activity in the HELENA study (P < .05) and moderate physical activity in the EYHS (P < .01) were positively associated with energy intake. Overall, results remained unchanged after adjustment for potential confounding factors, after mutual adjustment among the main exposures (physical activity and fat mass), and after the elimination of obese subjects, who might tend to underreport energy intake, from the analyses. CONCLUSION: Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that more physically active and leaner adolescents have higher energy intake than less active adolescents with larger amounts of fat mass.